SR 03-08-2022 7C
City Council
Report
City Council Meeting: March 8, 2022
Agenda Item: 7.C
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To: Mayor and City Council
From: Rick Valte, Public Works Director, Public Works, Water Resources
Subject: Introduction and First Reading of an Ordinance Modifying SMMC 7.12.170 to
Add Water Recycling Requirements
Recommended Action
Staff recommends that the City Council introduce for first reading the attached
ordinance to modify Santa Monica Municipal Code Section 7.12.170 to add water
recycling requirements.
Summary
The City of Santa Monica has provided safe and reliable water service to its residents
and businesses for over a century. In 2018, City Council approved the updated
Sustainable Water Master Plan that refined the pathway to achieve water self-
sufficiency by 2023 to ensure long-term water resiliency through water conservation,
alternative water supplies, and increasing utilization of the local groundwater supply. A
critical component of the Sustainable Water Master Plan is to develop alternative
water supplies that are drought resilient and sustainable. The Sustainable Water
Infrastructure Project (SWIP) collects dry weather urban runoff, stormwater, and
municipal wastewater to produce 1,680 acre-feet of advanced treated recycled water
per year for non-potable use (e.g., irrigation and toilet flushing) and to recharge local
groundwater aquifers. The regulatory conditions established by the Los Angeles
Regional Water Quality Control Board for the SWIP, require the City to adopt local
rules, regulations, and ordinances that govern the distribution and use of recycled
water at both public and private service connections.
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Staff seeks to modify Santa Monica Municipal Code Section 7.12.170 to add
requirements for the use of recycled water (Attachment A). Staff also prepared a
Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures document that will be
supplementary to the ordinance and outlines technical requirements for facility design,
operations, inspections, and enforcement (Attachment B).
Background
The City currently operates a limited non-potable water distribution system supplying
City facilities and some private users with treated urban runoff, or non-potable water,
from the Santa Monica Urban Runoff Recycling Facility (SMURRF) for non-potable
uses such as landscape irrigation and toilet flushing. The City’s non-potable water
customer base is limited to existing customers only as the SMURRF is a stormwater
best management practice facility not permitted for water recycling per California
regulations. While no ordinances governing the use of non-potable water from
SMURRF exist, staff developed guidelines and procedures in 2016 for the installation
and use of non-potable water reuse systems.
The City Council authorized construction of the SWIP in September 2019 and
construction started in the first quarter of 2020. The SWIP consists of three major
elements:
1. Upgrade of SMURRF with a reverse osmosis treatment process to treat dry
weather urban runoff, stormwater, and brackish groundwater.
2. Construction of a new advanced water treatment facility located beneath the
Civic Center parking lot with the ability to treat a blend of wastewater,
stormwater, and dry-weather runoff to produce water suitable for non-potable
reuse and groundwater recharge.
3. Construction of a new 1.5-million-gallon stormwater harvesting tank to capture
dry-weather runoff and stormwater for treatment at the advanced water
treatment facility and to minimize stormwater discharge into Santa Monica Bay
via the Pico-Kenter Outfall.
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In February 2021, the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board issued a
conditional use permit for the treatment and distribution of advanced treated recycled
water from the SWIP treatment facilities for non-potable reuse applications. The
conditional use permit requires that the City establish local rules, regulations, and
ordinances prior to distributing recycled water.
Discussion
The State of California has a long history of producing and distributing recycled water
for non-potable uses, primarily for irrigation but has expanded to groundwater
recharge and indoor non-potable uses. Several neighboring municipalities and water
agencies have already incorporated rules, regulations, and ordinances governing the
use of recycled water for non-potable applications for many years. Some of these
local municipalities and agencies include the City of Los Angeles, City of Malibu, City
of San Diego, City of Anaheim, City of Burbank, Irvine Ranch Water District, West
Basin Municipal Water District, Eastern Municipal Water District, and Orange County
Water District. The proposed local regulations for recycled water would consist of the
new recycled water ordinance in the Santa Monica Municipal Code and the Recycled
Water Use Guidelines, Policy and Procedures document. Staff have reached out to
other local agencies with established recycled water policies and guidelines for input
in developing the City’s proposed ordinance and policies for recycled water.
Recycled Water Ordinance
The proposed recycled water ordinance would set forth the purpose, definitions,
applicability, exemptions, required permits, procedures, and fees for using recycled
water. Staff suggests modifying Santa Monica Municipal Code Section 7.12.170 to
add water recycling requirements. The ordinance implements a policy that recycled
water, when determined available and when economically and technically feasible,
shall be used for non-potable uses within the City’s recycled water service area,
whenever those uses are consistent with all applicable federal, state, and local laws.
This language is consistent with California Water Code sections 13550 and 13551.
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Effective January 1, 2023, the ordinance would require all new developments with
total floor area 7,500 square feet or more within the recycled water service area to use
recycled water for 100 percent of water for surface irrigation and/or dual-plumbing
applications. The ordinance would not apply to renovations of existing buildings. A
recycled water service area map is included in the Recycled Water Use Guidelines,
Policy and Procedures document (Attachment B). The ordinance also defines several
exemptions to this requirement including the following:
• Any exemptions recognized by Los Angeles County Department of Public
Health;
• Fire protection systems in any development unless allowed by Los Angeles
County Department of Public Health;
• Where recycled water quality has been deemed non-suitable for a particular
fixture or equipment as reasonably determined by the City’s Water Resources
Division Manager; or,
Staff prepared a capital cost analysis for new developments that would be required to
implement recycled water service for both dual-plumbing and surface irrigation
applications. Financial impacts to new developments required to implement recycled
water service regulated under the ordinance are estimated at less than a one-percent
increase to total project cost if dual-plumbed systems are incorporated into a new
development. This includes all separate piping, appurtenances, cross-connection
prevention, and backflow prevention requirements. Capital cost increases for surface
irrigation applications were found to be a nominal increase.
Staff compared the bimonthly bill amounts based on 2022 potable water rates and
recycled water rate for a typical single-family home using potable water for irrigation
versus recycled water of the same quantity, as well as multi-family residential
developments using potable water for irrigation and toilet flushing versus recycled
water. If utilizing recycled water for surface irrigation, a typical single-family home is
estimated to save $270 per year on water bills. Multi-family residential developments
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are estimated to save $20 per year per residential unit if utilizing recycled water for
toilet flushing and surface irrigation.
Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures
The Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy and Procedures is a supplemental
document to the ordinance that outlines technical requirements involved in the on-site
and off-site facility design, operations, inspection procedures, and enforcement of
recycled water systems. It also includes a description of the permit process for
prospective applicants implementing recycled water for a development. Technical
requirements for the use of recycled water are codified and regulated under the
following state regulations and codes:
• California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Division 4 and Title 17, Sections 7583-
7586 and 7601-7605
• California Health and Safety Code, Division 104, Part 12
• California Water Code, Division 7, Chapter 7
• California Building Code, California Plumbing Code
Public Outreach
A virtual community engagement meeting was held with the public on November 18,
2021. Staff presented the draft framework for the ordinance and technical guidelines,
described potential cost impacts and benefits if developers incorporated recycled
water service, discussed the application process for permits necessary to receive
recycled water service, and addressed questions from attendees.
Staff also presented to the Commission on Sustainability, Environmental Justice, and
the Environment on July 19, 2021 and November 15, 2021, and February 28, 2022, to
seek input and recommendations. The Commission recommended staff investigate
approved facilities and exemptions; specifically, applicability of recycled water use for
single-family residential dwellings. Per the Commission’s recommendation, staff
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incorporated Los Angeles County Department of Public Health approved and
exempted facility requirements in the proposed ordinance.
Past Council Actions
Meeting Date Description
11/27/2018
(Attachment C)
City Council directed staff to proceed with an update to
the Sustainable Water Master Plan and the recommended pathway
to water self-sufficiency.
9/10/2019
(Attachment D)
City Council authorized the construction phase of the SWIP by
awarding the Guaranteed Maximum Price contract amendment for
construction services.
Financial Impacts and Budget Actions
There is no immediate financial impact or budget action necessary as a result of the
recommended action. It is anticipated that the City’s existing recycled water rate and
potential new capital facility fee for recycled water connections would be analyzed and
updated during the next five-year rate study period of 2025 through 2029. Staff will
return to Council if specific budget actions are required in the future.
Prepared By: Alex Waite, Process Engineer
Approved
Forwarded to Council
Attachments:
A. ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance
B. Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft
C. 2018 Sustainable Water Master Plan Update (Web Link)
D. Approval of SWIP Design/Build Contract Guaranteed Maximum Price
Amendment (Web Link)
E. Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021
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City Council Meeting March 8, 2022 Santa Monica, California
ORDINANCE NUMBER _________ (CCS)
(City Council Series)
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
SANTA MONICA MODIFYING SECTION 7.12.170 OF THE SANTA MONICA
MUNICIPAL CODE TO ADD WATER RECYCLING REQUIREMENTS
WHEREAS, the extreme dryness that has ravaged California now ranks as the
driest 22-year period in at least 1,200 years; and
WHEREAS, California Water Code Section 461 requires the maximum reuse of
recycled water in the satisfaction of requirements for beneficial uses of water; California
Water Code Section 13550 states that it is a waste or unreasonable use of water if
recycled water is available, is of adequate quality, of a reasonable cost to the user, will
not be detrimental to public health, and will not adversely affect downstream water
rights, or water quality, or be injurious to plant life, fish, or wildlife; and California Water
Code Section 13551 provides that no one shall use water suitable for potable domestic
use for non-potable uses, if suitable recycled water use is available; and
WHEREAS, recycled water is a source of water for approved non-potable uses
as specified in the California Code of Regulations Title 22 Recycled Water Criteria; and
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Packet Pg. 1732 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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WHEREAS, the City’s Water Division has constructed the Sustainable Water
Infrastructure Project (SWIP), which is able to deliver treated wastewater at a tertiary
level for non-potable uses and as allowed by Title 22 Recycled Water Criteria; and
WHEREAS, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Los Angeles
Region (RWQCB) has required, as a condition to permitting the SWIP (Permit Order
Number R4-2021-0044), that the City adopt an ordinance providing for the use of
recycled water; and
WHEREAS, the sale of recycled water to water customers that can use the water
for approved purposes will benefit water ratepayers overall by reducing the need to
purchase imported potable water; and
WHEREAS, recycled water is also a component of the City's 2020 Urban Water
Management Plan, the long-range plan to develop a sustainable water supply portfolio;
and
WHEREAS, the City has developed a recycled water system to meet the
increasing urban demand and offset potable uses; and
WHEREAS, in order to expand its recycled water service, the City desires to
require certain new developments to install facilities necessary for the delivery of
recycled water, as a development standard.
NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA
DOES HEREBY ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. Santa Monica Municipal Code Section 7.12.170 is hereby
amended to read as follows:
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Packet Pg. 1733 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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7.12.170 Recycled Water Requirements
(a) Recycled Water Use. Recycled water shall be used within the City’s recycled water
service area in-lieu of potable water for all approved uses consistent with all applicable
federal, state, and local laws effective January 1, 2023.
(b) Definitions. The following definitions apply for purposes of administering this
Section:
(1) Recycled water. Refers to domestic wastewater that has been cleaned so
that it can be used more than once or reused.
(A) Non-potable reuse. Refers to the use of recycled water for non-
potable uses. The City treats wastewater, stormwater, and urban runoff to
a quality suitable for non-potable uses such as landscape irrigation, water
features, or toilet flushing as regulated by Title 22 of California’s Code of
Regulations. Non-potable recycled water is not intended for human
consumption.
(B) Indirect potable reuse. Refers to the use of advanced treated
recycled water for a Groundwater Replenishment Reuse Project where the
advanced treated recycled water is used to replenish a groundwater basin.
The City treats wastewater, stormwater, and urban runoff to a quality
suitable for groundwater replenishment regulated by Title 22 of California’s
Code of Regulations.
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Packet Pg. 1734 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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(2) Recycled water service area. The areas identified in the recycled water
service area map. The recycled water service area map will be posted on the
City’s Water Resources Division website and included in the Guidelines.
(3) Regulating agencies for recycled water. Rules and Regulations for the end
use of recycled water are enforced by the following agencies.
(A) LARWQCB. The California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Los
Angeles Region, is the State of California agency that regulates
discharges of recycled water to surface waters on behalf of the United
States Environmental Protection Agency through the issuance of National
Pollutant Discharge Elimination System or Waste Discharge
Requirement/Water Reclamation Requirement permits, which incorporate
applicable recycled water requirements for the production, distribution and
use of recycled water.
(B) DDW. The State Water Resources Control Board, Division of Drinking
Water is the State of California agency that regulates drinking water and
coordinates with the Regional Boards to ensure a proposed recycled
water project complies with all federal and state regulations for the
protection of public health.
(C) LACDPH. The Los Angeles County Department of Public Health is the
agency that certifies backflow prevention assembly testers, also having
jurisdiction to regulate onsite cross-connection control in Los Angeles
County.
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Packet Pg. 1735 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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(4) Non-potable recycled water applications. The City’s recycled water is
suitable for the following non-potable applications:
(A) Surface irrigation application. Allowable uses of recycled water for
surface irrigation applications including any of the following: food crops,
including all edible root crops, where the recycled water comes into
contact with the edible portion of the crop; parks and playgrounds; school
yards; residential and freeway landscaping; golf courses; cemeteries;
decorative fountains; ornamental nursery stock where the public is not
restricted; and other allowable applications specified by Title 22 of
California’s Code of Regulations provided approval is obtained from DDW
and LACDPH.
(B) Dual-plumbing application. A system utilizing separate piping
systems for recycled water and potable water within a facility and where
the recycled water serves plumbing fixtures (excluding fire suppression
systems) used for flushing toilets and urinals, industrial process or boiler
feeds, commercial laundries or carwashes, industrial or commercial
cooling towers, evaporative condensers within a building; and/or other
allowable applications specified by Title 22 of California’s Code of
Regulations provided approval is obtained from DDW and LACDPH.
(5) Guidelines. Santa Monica Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and
Procedures.
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Packet Pg. 1736 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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(6) Applicant. Means an Owner or authorized representative of a potential reuse
site, who applies for recycled water service from the City, meeting user
requirements set forth by LACDPH and DDW.
(7) Director. The Director of the City’s Public Works Department or his or her
designee.
(8) New development. Any new structure with any plumbing fixture(s), cooling
tower(s), and/or new, enlarged, or relocated irrigation system, pond, or water
feature.
(9) Projected potable water demand. The total amount of projected potable
water demand for a proposed new development.
(10) Projected non-potable water demand. The total amount of projected non-
potable water demand for a proposed new development.
(c) Applicability for mandatory recycled water use. All new development within the
recycled water service area and with a total floor area of 7,500 square feet or more shall
be required to utilize 100 percent recycled water for surface irrigation and/or dual-
plumbing applications.
(d) Exemptions for recycled water use.
(1) Any exemptions recognized by the LACDPH.
(2) Fire protection systems in any development may not utilize recycled water
and must be supplied by a separate potable water system unless allowed by
LACDPH.
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Packet Pg. 1737 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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(3) Where recycled water quality has been deemed non-suitable for a particular
fixture, equipment or application as reasonably determined by the Director; in
such case, the particular fixture, equipment or application may be exempt from
the use of recycled water and must be supplied by a separate potable water
system.
(4) New development with a planning entitlement determined complete before
January 1, 2023.
(e) Recycled water implementation procedures. Applicable candidates for recycled
water use must utilize the following standards for the implementation of recycled water
services.
(1) Departmental standards, forms, and other regulations. The City’s
Department of Public Works, Water Resources Division shall develop the
Guidelines, including administrative standards, policies, procedures, and
technical details, to carry out the purposes of this Section. The Guidelines shall
be compiled in a separate document referred to as the Santa Monica Recycled
Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures on file in the office of the Water
Resources Division and posted on the City’s Water Resources Division website.
The City shall regularly maintain and update the Guidelines.
(2) Recycled water service design standards. Recycled water systems for
surface irrigation and dual-plumbing applications shall be designed and installed
in accordance with the Guidelines and Chapter 8.32 (Plumbing Code), as
amended from time to time.
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Packet Pg. 1738 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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(3) Operation, maintenance, and inspection standards. Recycled water
systems for surface irrigation and dual-plumbing applications shall be operated,
maintained, and inspected in accordance with Chapter 7.12 (Utility Division); any
approvals of the recycled water systems issued by the City, LACDPH, and DDW;
and the Guidelines.
(f) Permit and regulatory approval requirements for applicable candidates for
recycled water use.
(1) Building Permit. As required by Section 8.08.050, an approved building
permit from the City shall be required for the use of recycled water. An
administrative fee shall be imposed to cover cost of administering and
implementing the recycled water use requirements of this Section and shall be
set by City Council resolution. The administrative fee shall be assessed and paid
to the City by the permit applicant at the time of issuance of the building permit.
(2) Conditional approval for use of recycled water. Applicant shall receive
conditional approval for use of recycled water from LACDPH. LACDPH may also
require the applicant receive conditional approval for use of recycled water from
DDW according to the Guidelines. Applicant shall be responsible for filing
required application(s) for recycled water service pursuant to this Section with
LACDPH and DDW. Application requirements shall be pursuant to the Guidelines
and as required by all applicable regulatory bodies. The City will not file
applications to LACDPH and DDW on behalf of the applicant. The City will not
issue a building permit until the necessary approvals or conditional approvals are
obtained from LACDPH.
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Packet Pg. 1739 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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(3) Other permits and regulatory approvals. In addition to any permit required
under this Section, the applicant must obtain and comply with all other required
authorizations and permits and all other regulatory approvals from all City
departments, and state and federal agencies.
(g) Termination of service. The City may discontinue recycled water service to a
facility for the following reasons:
(1) Non-payment of bills. A service may be discontinued for nonpayment of any
water charges of a customer, whether or not the payment delinquency is
associated with recycled water service at the service connection or at any other
City recycled or domestic water service connection of the same customer.
(2) Benefit of public safety. Service may be discontinued if, at any point in the
City’s distribution system, the recycled water does not meet the requirements of
regulatory agencies. Service would, in such case, be restored at such time as
recycled water again meets the requirements of regulatory agencies, or at such
time as the City supplements the recycled water system with water from other
sources.
(h) Violations. In addition to any criminal, civil or other legal remedy established by law
that may be pursued to address violations of the municipal code, violations of the
provisions of this Section are subject to the penalty provisions in Chapter 1.08.
(i) Undue hardship appeal procedure.
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Packet Pg. 1740 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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(1) The Director may exempt an owner or applicant from the requirements of
this Section, upon showing by the owner that the requirements of this Section
would cause undue hardship.
(2) For purposes herein, an “undue hardship” shall be found where imposition of
the recycled water requirements would deprive the owner of a development site
of all economically beneficial use of that site or otherwise be prohibited by
applicable State or Federal law.
(3) An undue hardship application shall include all information necessary for the
Director to make a finding of undue hardship, including, but not limited to,
documentation showing the factual support for the claimed undue hardship.
(4) The Director may approve the undue hardship exemption application, in
whole or in part, with or without conditions.
(5) Any exemption granted by the Director is effective immediately.
SECTION 2. Any provision of the Santa Monica Municipal Code or appendices
thereto inconsistent with the provisions of this Ordinance, to the extent of such
inconsistencies and no further, is hereby repealed or modified to that extent necessary
to effect the provisions of this Ordinance.
SECTION 3. If any section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase of this
Ordinance is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a decision of any
court of competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the
remaining portions of this Ordinance. The City Council hereby declares that it would
have passed this Ordinance and each and every section, subsection, sentence, clause,
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Packet Pg. 1741 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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or phrase not declared invalid or unconstitutional without regard to whether any portion
of the ordinance would be subsequently declared invalid or unconstitutional.
SECTION 4. The Mayor shall sign and the City Clerk shall attest to the passage
of this Ordinance. The City Clerk shall cause the same to be published once in the
official newspaper within 15 days after its adoption. This Ordinance shall become
effective 30 days from its adoption.
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
_________________________
JOSEPH LAWRENCE
Interim City Attorney
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Packet Pg. 1742 Attachment: ORD-Recycled Water Ordinance [Revision 7] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica
Recycled Water
Use Guidelines,
Policy, and
Procedures
For Use on Public and Private Property
Adopted XXXX, 2022
By SMMC 7.12.170
Revised XXXX, XXXX
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Packet Pg. 1743 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures Page I
Table of Contents
Definitions ..................................................................................................................................................... 1
1. General Provisions .................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Recycled Water in the City of Santa Monica .................................................................................... 3
1.4 Guidelines Organization ................................................................................................................... 3
1.5 Policy .................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.6 Scope .................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.6.1 Applicability of General Water System Ordinances................................................................. 4
1.7 Authority ............................................................................................................................................ 4
2. Approved Uses and Permit Requirements ................................................................................................ 6
2.1 Approved Uses for Recycled Water ................................................................................................. 6
2.1.1 Surface Irrigation Applications ................................................................................................. 6
2.1.2 Dual Plumbing System ............................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Compliance to City of Santa Monica Recycled Ordinance .............................................................. 7
2.3 Procedure for Obtaining Recycled Water Service .......................................................................... 7
2.3.1 Planning ...................................................................................................................................... 9
2.3.2 Permitting ................................................................................................................................... 9
2.3.3 Implementation ........................................................................................................................ 13
3. Engineering Control Requirements ......................................................................................................... 14
3.1 Engineering Controls: Technical Requirements and Facilities Design ....................................... 14
3.2 Cross-Connection Prevention ......................................................................................................... 16
3.2.1 Backflow Prevention ................................................................................................................ 16
3.2.2 Types of Backflow Protection .................................................................................................. 17
3.3 Interim Service Facilities ................................................................................................................ 17
3.4 Conversion of Facilities ................................................................................................................... 18
3.4.1 Conversion from Potable to Recycled Water Use .................................................................. 18
3.4.2 Conversion from Recycled to Potable Water Use .................................................................. 19
3.5 Useful References ............................................................................................................................ 20
3.5.1 WateReuse Los Angeles Chapter Recycled Water Urban Irrigation User Manual .............. 20
3.5.2. LACDPH Guidelines for Alternate Water Sources: Indoor and Outdoor Non-Potable Uses
............................................................................................................................................................ 20
3.5.3. Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts Recycled Water Users Handbooks ...................... 20
4. Administrative and Inspection Requirements ........................................................................................ 21
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Packet Pg. 1744 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures Page II
4.1 Liability ............................................................................................................................................ 21
4.2 Condition of Service ........................................................................................................................ 21
4.3 Charges for Service .......................................................................................................................... 21
4.4 Disputed Water Bills ....................................................................................................................... 21
4.5 Meter Testing ................................................................................................................................... 21
4.6 Non-Registering Water Meter ........................................................................................................ 22
4.7 Cross-Connection Testing ............................................................................................................... 22
4.8 Monitoring and Inspection ............................................................................................................. 22
4.8.1 Installation Inspection ............................................................................................................. 22
4.8.2 Annual Inspection .................................................................................................................... 23
4.8.3 Quadrennial Shutdown Test .................................................................................................... 23
4.9 Discontinuance of Service............................................................................................................... 23
4.9.1 Turn off at User’s Request ....................................................................................................... 23
4.9.2 Turn-off by the City .................................................................................................................. 23
4.10 Re-establishment of service ......................................................................................................... 24
5. Operational Requirements...................................................................................................................... 25
5.1 On-Site Recycled Water System Facilities ..................................................................................... 25
5.1.1 User’s Responsibilities ............................................................................................................. 25
5.1.2 Designation/Responsibility of the Recycled Water Site Supervisor .................................... 25
5.1.3 Operation and Control of On-site Recycled Water System ................................................... 27
5.2 Off-Site Recycled Water System Facilities ..................................................................................... 28
5.3 Posting of Approved Use Areas ...................................................................................................... 28
6. Enforcement ........................................................................................................................................... 30
6.1 Unauthorized Use of Recycled Water ............................................................................................ 30
6.2 Tampering and Obstruction of Recycled Water System .............................................................. 30
6.3 Investigation and Initial Determination ........................................................................................ 30
6.4 Informal and Formal Enforcement Procedures ............................................................................ 30
6.5 Suspension of Service and Assessing of Fees ................................................................................ 30
6.6 Right to Terminate Service ............................................................................................................. 31
6.7 Severability ...................................................................................................................................... 31
7. Agency Contact Information ................................................................................................................... 32
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Packet Pg. 1745 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures Page III
Attachments
Attachment A – SMMC 7.12.170 - Recycled Water Ordinance
Attachment B – Recycled Water Service Area Map
Attachment C – Recycled Water Service Application
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Packet Pg. 1746 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures
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Definitions
Whenever the following terms, or pronouns used in their place, occur in these Guidelines the intent
and meaning shall be interpreted as follows:
Air-gap separation means a physical break between a water line and a receiving tank or reservoir
which is at least double the diameter of the pipeline vertically above the rim of the tank or
reservoir, and in no case less than one-inch.
Applicant means an Owner or authorized representative of a potential reuse site who applies for
recycled water service with the City, LACDPH, and DDW. An approved Applicant becomes a User.
Approved Use means the use of recycled water in a manner, and for a purpose, designated in the
user’s Recycled Water Use Permit and in compliance with all applicable regulatory agency
requirements.
Approved Use Area means an area of recycled water use with defined boundaries, which may
contain one or more facilities where recycled water is used.
SWIP AWTF means the Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project Advanced Water Treatment
Facility located at the City’s Civic Center.
Backflow means the condition in which an unapproved water supply enters the flow of potable
water in the City’s pipelines.
City means the City of Santa Monica.
Cross Connection means any unprotected connection between a potable water system and that of
any other water supply that does not meet State requirements for drinking water.
Director means Director of the City’s Public Works Department or his or her designee.
Discharge means any release or distribution of recycled water from the use site to the public right
of way or to a sewage or storm drain system.
Dual Plumbing System means a facility utilizing separate piping systems for recycled water and
potable water within a facility and where the recycled water is used for either serving plumbing
outlets (excluding fire suppression systems) within a building or for serving outdoor landscape
irrigation.
LACDPH means Los Angeles County Department of Public Health.
Non-Potable Water means water that has not been treated for, or is not acceptable for, human
consumption, in conformance with federal, state, and local drinking water standards. Non-potable
water includes recycled water as well as stormwater, greywater, and untreated raw groundwater
or surface water.
Offsite Facilities means the recycled water facilities under the control of the City upstream of the
point of recycled water service connection with the User’s onsite facilities, which shall normally be
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the downstream end of the meter tailpiece. Offsite facilities include, but not limited to, recycled
water transmission mains, recycled water pipelines, reservoirs, pumping stations, treatment plants,
and other appurtenances and property.
Onsite Facilities means the recycled water facilities under the control of the User downstream of
the recycled water service connection, which shall normally be the downstream end of the meter
tailpiece.
Owner means the owner of the property where recycled water is intended to be used.
Potable Water means water that is suitable for human consumption, and which conforms to the
California Safe Drinking Water Act, and any other applicable standards.
Recycled Water means a treated or recycled wastewater of a quality suitable for non-potable uses
such as landscape irrigation, water features, or toilet flushing as regulated by Title 22 of California’s
Code of Regulations. Recycled water is not intended for human consumption.
Recycled water service area means area within the City with property adjacent to a public right-
of-way with an existing recycled water distribution main line.
Recycled Water Use Permit means the permit provided to the User by LACDPH and DDW allowing
for the use of recycled water for the permitted Use Area. Recycled Water Use Permit is conditionally
approved pending approved.
RWQCB means the Regional Water Quality Control Board of the State of California, Los Angeles
Region.
SMURRF means the Santa Monica Urban Runoff Recycling Facility.
SWRCB DDW means State Water Resources Control Board Division of Drinking Water.
User means a person or group of persons who have received authorization to use recycled water
provided by the City.
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1. General Provisions
This section provides background reuse in the City of Santa Monica (City), the organization of this
document, as well as the policy, scope, and authority of the City regarding the use of recycled water.
1.1 Recycled Water in the City of Santa Monica
Through the Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project (SWIP), the City has committed to being a
purveyor of recycled water and recycled water diluted with treated stormwater, urban runoff, and
brackish groundwater through implementation of two innovative treatment facilities:
• SWIP Advanced Water Treated Facility (AWTF). The SWIP AWTF produces advanced
treated recycled water used in non-potable water applications and indirect potable reuse
through groundwater replenishment. The AWTF treatment train consists of membrane
bioreactor, reverse osmosis, and advanced oxidation with ultraviolet disinfection. Recycled
water produced by SWIP AWTF meets the requirements of California Code of Regulations
(CCR) Title 22 meeting or exceeding drinking water quality requirements for the greatest
number of allowable uses.
• Santa Monica Urban Runoff Facility (SMURRF). The SMURRF treats stormwater and dry
weather runoff water. The SMURFF removes trash, sediment, oil, grease, and pathogens and
the water produced has undergone advanced treatment through membrane filtration and
ultraviolet disinfection. The SMURRF was upgraded as part of the SWIP to increase recycled
water production. Non-potable water produced by SMURRF meets diluent water
requirements per CCR Title 22 meeting or exceeding drinking water quality requirements
for the greatest number of allowable uses.
The California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) issued SWIP Waste Discharge
Requirements and Water Reclamation Requirements Order No. R4-2021-0044 allowing for use of
recycled water for various non-potable applications. Per the requirements of Order No. R4-2021-
0044, the City is required to implement ordinances governing the use of recycled water within the
City. The City is aligned with the rules and regulations governing recycled water within the State of
California and Los Angeles County. California Water Code (CWC) Section 13550 mandates the use of
recycled water to the maximum extent possible for approved uses when technically, economically,
and safely feasible.
The rules and regulations in the Santa Monica Municipal Code (SMMC) 7.12.170 and this Recycled
Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures (Guidelines) pertain to recycled water service
provided by the City within the City’s recycled water service area. Recycled water produced from
the SWIP AWTF and SMURRF is conveyed through the recycled water distribution system to
approved users in the City. The rules and regulations establish procedures for the distribution and
usage of recycled water within the City.
1.4 Guidelines Organization
• Section 1 General Provisions: describes the purpose and organization of this document as
well as the policy, scope, and authority of the City regarding the use of recycled water.
• Section 2 Approved Uses and Permit Requirements: lists the approved uses of recycled
water for non-potable reuse applications and describes the procedure for obtaining
recycled water service.
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• Section 3 Engineering Control Requirements: describes the required engineering
controls for both surface irrigation and dual-plumbing applications to protect public health
and prevent cross-connections to the potable water system.
• Section 4 Administrative and Inspection Requirements: describes administrative,
monitoring, and inspection requirements for a User to maintain recycled water service.
• Section 5 Operational Requirements: describes the User’s responsibility to operate a fully
functional on-site recycled water system and always maintain proper operational systems
protective of public health.
• Section 6 Enforcement: defines the City’s ability to investigate, enforce, and terminate the
use of recycled water if a User is not in compliance with all Federal, State, and local rules
and regulations.
• Section 7 Agency Contact Information: lists contact information for agencies applicants
and Users must contact to receive and maintain recycled water service within the City.
1.5 Policy
It is policy of the City that recycled water when determined to be available can be used when it is
economically, financially, and technically feasible, as mandated by CWC Section 13551. Use of
potable water for non-domestic uses when recycled water is available shall be contrary to the City
Policy, shall not be considered the most beneficial use of a natural resources and shall be avoided to
the maximum extent possible.
1.6 Scope
SMMC 7.12.170 and these Guidelines establishes the requirements for recycled water use and
provisions of recycled water service within the boundaries of the City. If there is any conflict
between the provisions of this Ordinance and Guidelines and the provisions of any of the
documents incorporated by reference, the most stringent requirement will apply.
1.6.1 Applicability of General Water System Ordinances
To the extent that the provisions of the SMMC do not conflict with these Guidelines for the use of
recycled water, said provisions shall be and hereby are incorporated herein by reference and shall
be applicable to recycled water facilities and use.
1.7 Authority
SMMC 7.12.170 and these Guidelines establish the authority and specific requirements to maintain
compliance with CCR Title 22 and all applicable federal, state, and local rules and regulations as
they pertain to recycled water use. Links to additional rules and regulations governing the use of
recycled water are tabulated in Table 1.
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Table 1: Rules and Regulations Governing the Use of Recycled Water
Governing
Regulations/Codes Section Link
California
Regulations Related
to Recycled Water
Title 17, Division 1
Title 22, Division 4
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certli
c/drinkingwater/documents/lawbook/RWregulations_2
0181001.pdf
California
Regulations Related
to Drinking Water
Title 17, Division 1
Title 22, Division 4
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certli
c/drinkingwater/documents/lawbook/dwregulations-
2016-09-23.pdf
California Safe
Drinking Water
Laws
Health and Safety Code,
Division 101, 104
Water Code, Division 4
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/laws_regulations/doc
s/drinking_water_code_2021.pdf
California Water
Code Division 7 Water Quality
https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayex
pandedbranch.xhtml?tocCode=WAT&division=7.&title=
&part=&chapter=&article=&nodetreepath=8
SWRCB - Water
Reclamation
Requirements for
Recycled Water Use
Order WQ 2016-0068-
DDW (General Order)
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/board_decisions/adop
ted_orders/water_quality/2016/wqo2016_0068_ddw.pd
f
RWQCB - Los
Angeles Region
WDR/WRR
Order No. R4-2021-
0044 (for City’s SWIP)
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles/board_dec
isions/tentative_orders/individual/non-
npdes/City_of_Santa_Monica/RevTentSantaMonicaSWIP
WDR01282021ADA.pdf
California Uniform
Plumbing Code
Chapter 15 Alternate
Water Sources for Non-
Potable Applications
https://up.codes/viewer/california/ca-plumbing-code-
2019/chapter/15/alternate-water-sources-for-
nonpotable-applications#15
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2. Approved Uses and Permit Requirements
This section defines the approved non-potable uses for recycled water and describes the permit
application process for an applicant to receive recycled water service.
2.1 Approved Uses for Recycled Water
The City’s advanced treated recycled water is suitable for all non-potable uses specified by Title 22
of California’s Code of Regulations for water recycling. A comprehensive list of recycled water uses
allowed in California are available in CCR Title 22, Division 4, Chapter 3, Article 3: Uses of Recycled
Water. The following sections include approved non-potable applications for surface irrigation and
dual plumbing.
2.1.1 Surface Irrigation Applications
The uses of recycled water for surface irrigation applications may include the following:
• Parks and playgrounds
• School yards
• Food crops, including all edible root crops, where the recycled water comes into contact
with the edible portion of the crop
• Residential and freeway landscaping
• Golf courses
• Cemeteries
• Decorative fountains
• Ornamental nursery stock where the public is not restricted
• Recreational or landscape impoundments
• Construction activities including soil compaction, concrete mixing, and dust control on
roads and streets
Recycled water may also be used for other allowable irrigation applications not specified by Title
22 of California’s Code of Regulations provided approval is obtained from DDW and LACDPH prior
to delivery of recycled water. The use of recycled water in swimming pools is not permitted.
2.1.2 Dual Plumbing System
A dual-plumbing system utilizes separate piping systems for recycled water and potable water
within a facility where the recycled water may serve any of the following systems:
• Plumbing outlets used for flushing toilets and urinals
• Industrial process or boiler feeds
• Commercial laundries or carwashes
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• Industrial or commercial cooling towers or evaporative condensers within a building
• Surface irrigation applications identified under Section 2.1.1 delivered through a dual-
plumbed system.
2.2 Compliance to City of Santa Monica Recycled Ordinance
The City adopted an ordinance modifying SMMC 7.12.170 to add water recycling requirements,
which describes the applicability for mandatory recycled water use, allowable exemptions and
recycled water implementation procedures. The recycled water ordinance SMMC 7.12.170 is
included in Attachment A. The procedure to obtain recycled water service is outlined in the
following sections.
2.3 Procedure for Obtaining Recycled Water Service
A flow chart of the process to obtain recycled water service is shown in Figure 1. Each phase of the
permit application process is described in the following sections.
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Figure 1: City of Santa Monica Recycled Water Service Application and Implementation Flow Chart
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2.3.1 Planning
The applicant shall meet with the City as soon as possible to determine whether the new
development is within the City’s recycled water service area and applicable for mandatory recycled
water use. The intent of the recycled water service area is to have a clearly delineated boundary to
allow an applicant to easily deduce if a project is required to use recycled water. The recycled water
service area was developed to align with the extent of the existing non-potable distribution system,
the current state of planned and future developments in the City, and the City’s objective to develop
and implement groundwater replenishment through groundwater injection. The recycled water
service area is illustrated in Attachment B and is intended to be regularly updated
The City highly recommends all applicants meet with the City prior to proceeding with a building
permit application to discuss the project and requirements for recycled water use. During this
preliminary project meeting, the availability of recycled water and the proximity of the site to the
offsite recycled water system will be reviewed.
2.3.1.1 Exemptions from Recycled Water Service
If an applicant meets the applicability criteria, the City will then determine if the project is exempt
based on any of the following criteria per SMMC 7.12.170:
1. Any exemptions recognized by LACDPH.
2. Fire protection systems in any development may not utilize recycled water and must be
supplied by a separate potable water system unless allowed by LACDPH.
3. Where recycled water quality has been deemed non-suitable for a particular fixture or
equipment as reasonably determined by the Director; in such case, the particular fixture or
equipment may be exempt from the use of recycled water and must be supplied by a
separate potable water system.
4. New development with a planning entitlement determined complete before January 1,
2023.
If the City determines the applicant is exempt from recycled water service based on items 1-3
above, the development will be exempt from recycled water service, and the applicant can proceed
with the building permit application process.
2.3.2 Permitting
After completing the initiation phase where the applicant is determined to require recycled water
service for the development, the applicant can proceed through the permitting phase. This phase
includes the preparation of plans, specifications, engineering documents and application packages.
2.3.2.1 Request for Recycled Water Service
An applicant meeting the requirements for recycled water service shall file a complete building
permit application with the City’s Building and Safety department. In addition to the requirements
of the building permit application, the applicant shall provide the following information:
• The person or persons designated as a Recycled Water Site Supervisor including names and
contact information
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• The proposed use of recycled water within a specifically defined designated use area on the
property
• Any special condition for service pursuant to these Guidelines and any other State or
Federal requirements
• Conditional Approval for Use of Recycled Water provided by LACDPH and DDW (if
required). Refer to Section 2.3.2.4.
Each applicant is asked to complete and submit to the City an application for recycled water use.
The application is included in Attachment C. Upon review of completed application, the City will
provide written confirmation to the applicant via email or letter either confirming the applicant is
an acceptable candidate to receive recycled water service or not an applicable candidate and
therefore not required to implement a recycled water system.
2.3.2.2 Plans and Specifications
The following list provides an overview of the information required for plans and specifications
submitted as part of the building permit application for new development for recycled water use.
Compliance with every item on this list does not guarantee that the plans will be approved, since
regulations and policies may change, and some sites may require additional provisions.
• Indicate all sources of water on the plans.
• Show the location and size of all water meters on the piping plans.
• Show location and type of all backflow prevention devices for potable water systems
(generally, backflow prevention devices are not used on recycled water systems).
• Show location and type of all strainers, pressure regulating valves, and master valves.
• Show location of all water pipelines (including potable and well lines) crossing the site.
If space does not permit this information to be placed on the plans, then a separate site
or utility plan can be used to show this information. Although it may not be possible to
show the location of all water pipelines at this type of site, all locations where future
recycled water piping must be separated from the potable water piping must be clearly
indicated on the plans.
• Show the location of all facilities supplied with recycled or potable water service.
Show the pipelines feeding all of these facilities.
• Clearly identify all adjacent streets, and locations of all major improvements on
the site.
• Show the location of any wells, lakes, ponds, reservoirs, or other water
impoundments located on the site or within 100 feet of the site and indicate the
type of water source.
• Indicate that the separation between potable and recycled water lines meets
minimum requirements. Show sleeving where recycled water pipelines cross over
potable water pipelines.
• Show all details necessary to properly construct the system, including pipe sizes,
materials of construction, type of water conveyed by piping, and any other details
conforming to the requirements of these Guidelines, LACDPH, DDW, and all other
state and federal requirements where applicable. The purpose of the details is to
show the materials and methods necessary to clearly identify all water systems on
the site.
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• All sites using recycled water must post clearly visible signs conforming to the
LACDPH details.
o For surface irrigation applications, typical locations for signs are at the property
line near crosswalks, at driveway entrances, and at outdoor eating areas.
o For streetscapes (parkways, frontage or backup landscaping), place signs at
street corners and entranceways as appropriate to notify passersby. In any case,
signs must be placed no further than 1,000 feet apart.
o For medians, a sign should be placed at the beginning and end of every median,
and another approximately equidistant from the ends of the median for longer
median areas.
• Add signature lines for the City, LACDPH and DDW to all plan sheets, detail sheets, and
specification sheets that pertain to the recycled water system.
Plans and specifications must also be submitted to LACDPH. If the development includes dual-
plumbing applications, plans and specifications must also be submitted to DDW.
2.3.2.3 Engineering Report (Dual-Plumbing Applications Only)
An applicant installing a dual-plumbing system must also include an engineering report1 as part of
the recycled water application process to be submitted to both the City and LACDPH. The design of
the dual plumbing systems, including the preparation of plans and specifications, shall be under the
responsibility of a professional engineer registered with the State of California. A registered
architect or a registered civil engineer can stamp and sign the drawings if they are directly
responsible for the plumbing system design of the building.
The engineering report contents must include a detailed description of intended use site identifying
the following:
• Cover sheet with project name, address, date, prepared by contact information, and seal and
signature of responsible registered architect or engineer, as required
• Facility Description
o Introduction including site description; description of proposed recycled water use;
number, location, and type of facilities within the use area proposing to use dual-
plumbed systems
o Specific use(s) to be made of the recycled water at each facility
o Expected average daily number of persons estimated to be served by each facility
o Expected average and maximum daily and yearly recycled water usage rates
o Facility/property description specifying the boundaries of the proposed use site
including a map showing the location of each facility to be served
o Detailed description of recycled water mechanical and plumbing system including
separation of potable water and recycled water pipelines, cross-connection
1 DDW Guidelines for the Preparation of an Engineering Report can be found here:
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/recharge/ERGUIDE2001.pdf
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prevention, backflow prevention, and signage and demarcation of recycled water
systems as well as any necessary figures and tables
o Specific use(s) of recycled water at the facility and conditions for recycled water use
o The person or persons designated as a Recycled Water Site Supervisor including
names and contact information
o Emergency response plan and procedures
• Plans and Specifications – Refer to requirements of Section 2.3.2.2.
The report shall be stamped by a qualified engineer licensed to practice in California. An example
engineering report template may be made available to the applicant by the City’s Water Resources
Division upon request.
2.3.2.4 LACDPH and DDW Application
Prior to filing a building permit application with the City, the applicant is required to submit a
complete Cross Connection Plan Review Application2 with the LACDPH. A separate application shall
be filed for each use of recycled water proposed for the use area. The applicant is responsible for all
coordination with the LACDPH. The City shall not submit any documentation or perform any
coordination with the LACDPH on behalf of the applicant to receive recycled water service. Contact
information for the LACDPH Cross Connection Control and Prevention Program is included in
Section 7. If the applicant is seeking dual-plumbing applications, approval from DDW is also
required. LACDPH shall coordinate on behalf of the applicant with DDW.
Applicants requesting a variance from the rules and regulations within SMMC, these Guidelines, or
any governing rules and regulations with respect to recycled water uses as referenced under
Section 2.1 of these Guidelines shall also be required to apply to DDW. LACDPH shall coordinate on
behalf of the applicant with DDW.
If the application for recycled water service is approved by LACDPH and DDW (if required), a
Conditional Approval for Use of Recycled Water letter shall be issued to the User and the City.
Issuance of a Conditional Approval for Use of Recycled Water from LACDPH and DDW (if required)
shall allow the applicant to proceed with submitting a complete building permit application to the
City for the installation of the recycled water system.
2 LADPH Cross Connection Plan Review Application can be found here:
http://www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/eh/docs/permit/cross-connection-plan-review-application.pdf
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2.3.3 Implementation
After an applicant has received an approved building permit and a Conditional Approval for Use of
Recycled Water from LACDPH and DDW (if required), the applicant may proceed with constructing
the on-site recycled water system. A preconstruction meeting must be held with LACDPH prior to
the start of construction. The City and LACDPH will inspect installation of the recycled water system
throughout construction to confirm adequate cross-connection control and minimum separation
requirements are maintained.
A final cross-connection shutdown test inspection will be completed by LACDPH and the City prior
to connecting the recycled water meter provided by the City. Upon successful test completion,
LACDPH will send a report to the City and applicant certifying the system is ready to install recycled
water meter and begin service. The applicant must pay all connection fees for the city-provided
water meter, similar to connection fees to receive domestic water. Once the recycled water meter is
successfully installed, the development will be able to receive recycled water for on-site non-
potable uses.
LACDPH and the City will also complete on the property annual inspections and quadrennial
shutdown testing as long as the development is receiving recycled water to confirm engineering
controls are operational, operational and maintenance logs are kept current, and the User-
designated Recycled Water Site Supervisor is current. Inspections and User requirements are
described in further detail in Sections 4 and 5, respectively.
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3. Engineering Control Requirements
This section defines the engineering controls for on-site facilities. These controls are required to
protect public health.
On-site recycled water facilities are under the control and operations of the User downstream of the
recycled water service connection, which shall normally be the downstream end of the meter
tailpiece. On-site applications for recycled water shall consist of surface irrigation and dual-
plumbing applications. Due to the high level of treatment, recycled water within the City can be
used for a broad range of non-potable applications as listed herein. Applicants must confirm with
the City, LACDPH, and DDW the specific uses approved for each project prior to the delivery of
recycled water. Various engineering controls are required to maintain physical separations
between potable water and recycled water systems and maintain public safety at all times.
3.1 Engineering Controls: Technical Requirements and Facilities Design
The User shall implement the following engineering controls for surface irrigation and dual-
plumbing applications:
Separate and Independent
The recycled water system shall be separate and independent of any potable water system or other
non-potable system (i.e., grey water, stormwater, raw groundwater/surface water). Separate
means physically separate with absolutely no direct connection unless by approved prevention
devices. No modification or any type of plumbing work regarding the recycled water system can be
done without the approval of the City, LACDPH, and DDW. All facility modifications must be
inspected by the City and LACDPH upon completion of construction and the User must submit
revised as-built drawings to the City.
Underground alternate water source service piping other than gray water shall be separated from
the building sewer in accordance with CPC Section 1502.4. Recycled water supply systems that are
within or a part of a building shall comply with CPC Section 1505.113. Water meters used for
recycled water service shall be separate and independent of potable water service.
Recycled Water Identification
Where any property subject to recycled water service is served by or contains dual or multiple
water systems and piping, the exposed portion of recycled water pipelines, valves, and other
fittings shall be installed with purple identification tape or purple polyethylene vinyl wraps
according to the AWWA California-Nevada Section guidelines. In addition, all new unexposed or
buried recycled water pipes installed on any such property shall be similarly painted purple,
branded or marked. LACDPH Guidelines for pipeline construction and installation for the safe use of
recycled water provides additional information4.
3 https://up.codes/viewer/california/ca-plumbing-code-2019/chapter/15/alternate-water-sources-for-nonpotable-
applications#15
4 http://www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/eh/docs/permit/cross-connection-plan-review-application.pdf
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The portions of the recycled water piping system that are in areas subject to access by the general
public shall not include any hose bibbs. Only quick couplers that differ from those used on the
potable water system shall be used on the portions of the recycled water piping system in areas
subject to public access5.
Signage
All recycled water outlets accessible to the public shall be posted with bilingual precautionary
posters with the wording “RECYCLED WATER - DO NOT DRINK” and “AGUA RECICLADA - NO TOME
EL AGUA”. Each sign shall display an international symbol to alert people who do not read English
or Spanish. Signs shall be no less than 4-inches high by 8-inches wide. Main shut-off valves shall be
clearly identified to distinguish between recycled water and potable water systems.
Approved use areas for recycled water service shall also be posted with precautionary notices to
warn the public. A sign shall be installed in each restroom of commercial, industrial, and
institutional occupancies, and in residential common use areas using recycled water for water
closets, urinals, or both. Additional information regarding posting of approved use areas can be
found in Section 5.
Location
No impoundment or storage ponds containing recycled water shall occur within 100 feet of any
domestic water wells, potable water reservoirs, and streams used as sources of water supply.
No recycled water irrigation shall be located within 50 feet of any domestic supply well unless all of
the following conditions have been met:
• A geological investigation completed at the expense of the applicant demonstrates that an
aquitard exists at the well between the uppermost aquifer being drawn from and the
ground surface. A copy of the geological investigation certified by a California-licensed
geotechnical engineer shall be provided to the City;
• The well contains an annular seal that extends from the surface into the aquitard;
• The well is housed to prevent any recycled water spray from contacting the wellhead
facilities;
• The ground surface immediately around the wellhead is contoured to allow surface water to
drain away from the wellhead; and,
• The City approves the elimination of the buffer zone requirement.
No irrigation shall take place within 50 feet of any reservoir or stream used as a source of domestic
drinking water.
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Cooling Systems
Whenever a cooling system uses recycled water in conjunction with an air conditioning facility and
utilizes a cooling tower or otherwise creates a mist that could contact individuals located on the
property or members of the public, the cooling system shall comply with the following:
• A drift eliminator shall be used whenever the cooling system is in operation.
• Chlorine or another biocide shall be used to treat the cooling system recirculating water to
minimize the growth of Legionella and other microorganisms.
Irrigation
Any irrigation runoff shall be confined to the use area and shall not be allowed to escape as surface
flow unless the flow is authorized under an NPDES permit, Waste Discharge Requirements, a
Conditional Waiver of Waste Discharge Requirements for Irrigated Lands, or other orders issues by
the State or RWQCB.
Spray Control
Spray, mist, or runoff shall not enter dwellings, designated outdoor eating areas, or food-handling
facilities, and shall not contact any drinking water fountain and public present. Drinking water
fountains must be equipped with hoods or covers.
3.2 Cross-Connection Prevention
The primary purpose of a cross-connection prevention program is to protect the City’s potable
water supply from possible contamination by prohibiting and preventing cross-connections
between the potable water distribution system and recycled water distribution system, in
accordance with Title 17, Chapter 5 of the CCR. No physical connection shall be made or allowed to
exist between any recycled water piping and any piping conveying potable water, except for a
specific use when using an approved protection method as allowed under Title 17, Section 7604 of
the CCR.
3.2.1 Backflow Prevention
Regulations governing backflow prevention devices are intended to protect the City’s potable water
supplies and are not intended to protect users from potential hazards of cross-connections in the
user’s onsite facilities.
City approved backflow prevention for the City’s recycled water supply shall be provided by the
user in accordance with the specifications of the Water Resources Division. Provisions, installations,
maintenance, and inspection of backflow prevention devices shall be the sole responsibility and
duty of the User, and at User’s expense. Inspection of backflow prevention devices shall be done at
least once a year, or more often in those instances where successive inspections indicate repeated
failures.
These devices shall be inspected, repaired, overhauled, or replaced at the expense of the User
whenever they are found to be defective. Records of such tests, repairs, and overhauls shall be kept
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by the City, and such records shall be made available to any concerned regulatory agency on
request.
The installation of backflow prevention devices shall be done by the User. Inspection of backflow
prevention devices shall be done by the City and/or LACDPH certified inspector The User shall
submit to the City Water Resources Division original inspection certificates as proof of compliance.
All inspection and testing shall be done to the satisfaction of the City and the regulatory agencies
concerned.
3.2.2 Types of Backflow Protection
The level of protection required is related to the degree of hazard that the City determines exists on
the premises served. The following protective devices may be required:
• Reduced Pressure Principle Backflow Prevention Device (RPPD),
• Double Check valve (DC),
• and/or an Air Gap separation (AG).
The user may choose a higher level of protection than required by the City. Minimum types
required, relative to various situations, are listed below. Situations not listed shall be evaluated on a
case-by-case basis and the appropriate level of protection required shall be determined by the City
in consultation with LACDPH and DDW.
• On premises having an auxiliary water supply such as recycled or non-potable water and
there are no interconnections between the auxiliary system and the potable system, a RPPD
or DC valve shall be provided on the potable water service.
• On premises where the City’s potable water system is used to supplement the recycled
water supply, an air gap separation shall be provided. Air gaps shall be at least twice the
pipe diameter of the discharging pipe and be located above ground.
• On premises where hazardous materials and toxic substances are stored, handled, or
produced in any manner in which substances may enter both the potable water and the
recycled water systems, an air gap separation to both systems shall be provided to avoid
contamination of the potable water as well as degradation of the recycled water. Air gaps
shall be at least twice the pipe diameter of the discharging pipe and be located above
ground.
3.3 Interim Service Facilities
Interim Service Facilities are those facilities that employ either potable or untreated water until
such time as recycled water becomes available for use.
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In areas where recycled water is not immediately available when the Use Area is ready for
construction, and if the City has determined that recycled water will be supplied in the future, on-
site facilities shall be designed and constructed to use recycled water. Provisions shall be made to
allow for connection to the City off-site recycled water facilities, when available. In the interim,
potable or other suitable water may be supplied to the on-site facilities through an interim service
connection.
An approved backflow assembly is required on the interim service while the on-site facilities are
using an alternate source of water. If and when recycled water becomes available, the interim
connection and backflow assembly will be removed and connection made to the on-site facilities
upon approval of the City and LACDPH, at the User’s expense.
When recycled water becomes available, an inspection of the on-site facilities and cross-connection
control test shall be provided, at the User’s expense, with the approval and inspection of the City
and LACDPH to verify that the facilities have been maintained and are still in compliance with the
Permit. Upon verification of compliance, recycled water shall be supplied to the site.
3.4 Conversion of Facilities
This section describes the process for converting an existing on-site potable system to recycled
water service as well as the process to convert an existing on-site recycled water system to potable
water service.
3.4.1 Conversion from Potable to Recycled Water Use
Prior to converting an existing potable water system for recycled water use, the City shall review
the record drawings and determine the measures necessary to bring the system into full
compliance. No existing potable water facilities shall be converted to, or incorporated into, the
recycled water system without proper testing and approval by City, LACDPH, and other regulatory
agencies as necessary.
If the City deems it necessary to convert potable water facilities for recycled water use, it shall be
the responsibility of the User, at User’s expense, to implement the following, as determined by the
City and LACDPH:
• Potable water service connection to the water meter shall be removed, isolated, and
plugged by the City at the City main or abandoned in a manner approved by the City.
• Installation of approved backflow assemblies on any and all water meter connections as
determined by the City’s Cross-Connection Program.
• On-site plumbing system shall be isolated and disinfected per CBC and AWWA standards
prior to connection to recycled water meter.
• All on-site personnel and potential users shall be notified of the conversion to recycled
water.
• All pipelines, appurtenances, and valves shall be labeled to identify as recycled water
service.
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• Precautionary posters indicating service shutoff valves and outlets accessing recycled water
shall be posted.
• An onsite Recycled Water Site Supervisor shall be designated in writing. Contact
information shall be provided to the City and always maintained. This individual shall be
familiar with plumbing systems within the property and with the basic requirements of
recycled water systems.
• All maintenance personnel must be educated regarding the proper usage of recycled water.
For dual plumbing systems, personnel must be informed that recycled water is used for
toilet and urinal fixtures only, and is not approved for drinking, hand washing, cleaning of
tools, etc. It is important that this be communicated on a regular basis.
• City and LACDPH shall complete backflow preventer and cross-connection inspection prior
to connecting onsite plumbing system to recycled water meter.
• Upon successful shutoff inspection, LACDPH shall provide a report certifying the system is
ready to connect to the recycled water meter, and the City shall notify both LACDPH and
DDW once the conversion to recycled water is complete.
3.4.2 Conversion from Recycled to Potable Water Use
Prior to converting an existing recycled water system to potable water use, the City shall review the
record drawings and determine the measures necessary to bring the system into full compliance.
No existing recycled water facilities shall be converted to, or incorporated into, the potable water
system without proper testing and approval by City, LACDPH, and other regulatory agencies as
necessary.
If the City deems it necessary to convert recycled water facilities for potable water use, it shall be
the responsibility of the User, at User’s expense, to implement the following, as determined by the
City and LACDPH:
• Recycled water service connection to the water meter shall be removed, isolated, and
plugged by the City at the City main or abandoned in a manner approved by the City.
• Installation of approved backflow assemblies on any and all water meter connections as
determined by the City’s Cross-Connection Program.
• On-site plumbing system shall be isolated and disinfected per CBC and AWWA standards
prior to connection to potable water meter.
• All on-site personnel and potential users shall be notified of the conversion to potable
water.
• All recycled warning labels/signs shall be removed.
• City and LACDPH shall complete backflow preventer and cross-connection inspection prior
to connecting onsite plumbing system to potable water meter.
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• Upon successful inspection, LACDPH shall provide a report certifying the system is ready to
connect to the potable water meter, and the City shall notify both LACDPH and DDW once
the conversion to potable water is complete.
3.5 Useful References
3.5.1 WateReuse Los Angeles Chapter Recycled Water Urban Irrigation User Manual
The Recycled Water Urban Irrigation User Manual has been prepared to convey the general rules,
regulations and guidelines regarding the safe introduction and use of recycled water for landscape
irrigation in Los Angeles and other areas in the State of California. This document was prepared by
the Los Angeles Chapter of the California Section of the WateReuse Association, which is comprised
of water utilities, regulatory interests, and other entities interested in the safe introduction and use
of recycled water.
The document is available at: https://watereuse.org/wp-
content/uploads/2015/01/LA_Chapter_WR_Recycled_Water_Urban_Irrigation_Users_Manual_2014
.pdf
3.5.2. LACDPH Guidelines for Alternate Water Sources: Indoor and Outdoor Non-Potable
Uses
To assist the public with information on how to collect and safely use alternate water sources, the
LACDPH and Los Angeles County Environmental Health Division prepared a guidelines document,
in collaboration with stakeholders, as a guide for the safe use of alternate water sources in indoor
and outdoor settings. The guidelines are intended to provide a user-friendly roadmap for alternate
water use; however, it is ultimately the responsibility of the system owner and operator to ensure
that non-potable water sources are used appropriately and monitored for safety throughout the life
of the project.
The document is available at: http://www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/EH/docs/permit/guidelines-
alternate-water-sources.pdf
3.5.3. Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts Recycled Water Users Handbooks
The Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts has developed two handbooks to assist purveyors and
users in understanding recycled water requirements. These handbooks are intended to be used by
anyone who obtains and/or uses recycled water from the Sanitation Districts; however, the
material is generally consistent with content included in these Guidelines.
The Recycled Water Users Handbook for the Joint Outfall System or the Santa Clarita Valley
Sanitation District is available at:
https://www.lacsd.org/home/showpublisheddocument/3578/637644521003970000
The Recycled Water Users Handbook for Lancaster or Palmdale Water Reclamation Plants, Located
in the Antelope Valley is available at:
https://www.lacsd.org/home/showpublisheddocument/3602/637644522620170000
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4. Administrative and Inspection Requirements
It is the intent of the City that recycled water service be provided in accordance with these
Guidelines, as and when such recycled water becomes available. This section outlines the
administrative process, monitoring, and inspection requirements with respect to receiving recycled
water service.
4.1 Liability
The City is not responsible for any condition of the recycled water itself, or any substance that may
be mixed with or be in recycled water as delivered to any User, except as required by Title 22 and
applicable regulations. The City shall not be liable for any damage from recycled water, including
that resulting from inadequate capacity, defective plumping, broken or faulty services, or recycled
water mains; or any conditions beyond the control of the City. All users shall accept such conditions
of pressure, as provided by the distribution system at the location of the service connection and
hold the City harmless from all damage arising from low pressure or high-pressure conditions, or
from interruptions of service.
4.2 Condition of Service
The City shall control and schedule recycled water distribution to Users. The application for
recycled water service and the use of recycled water by any User shall be subject to all the terms
and conditions of the State, Federal, County, and City, including these Guidelines and the California
Code of Regulations Title 17 and Title 22.
4.3 Charges for Service
Charges for recycled service shall comply with rates established by City Council resolution. Water
bills are based on actual recycled water consumption as measured by the water meter installed by
the City for the property.
4.4 Disputed Water Bills
Any dispute over the correctness of a water bill will be investigated by the City. Bills reflecting
clerical or meter errors shall be adjusted, taking into consideration the volume of business,
seasonal demand, and any other factors that may assist in determining an equitable charge.
4.5 Meter Testing
Prior to installation, each meter will be tested by the manufacturer or by the City. A User may, by
giving one week’s notice, request the City to test the meter serving his premises. The User will be
notified at least two days in advance of the time and place of the test and shall have the right to be
present during the test. A cash deposit will be required as a prerequisite to making the requested
test. The deposit will be refunded only if the meter is found to register more than three percent fast.
The results of the test will be given to the User within fourteen days after completion of the test. If
the results of the test show the meter is registering more than three percent fast, in addition to the
deposit, City will refund the full amount of the overcharge based on an adjusted meter reading for
the preceding six-month period the meter was in use.
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4.6 Non-Registering Water Meter
When a meter is found to be out of order, the charge for water will be based on, at the discretion of
the City, either the average monthly consumption for the preceding months during which the meter
is known to have registered correctly, or the consumption as registered by a “substitute meter.”
Consideration will also be given to volume of business, seasonal demand, and any other factors that
may assist in determining an equitable charge.
4.7 Cross-Connection Testing
When a recycled water use site requires a cross-connection shut down test, the User’s account will
be billed for the test. The User shall be responsible for all expenses related to the cross-connection
shut down test at the current time and material rate per City Council resolution. If follow up testing
is required due to test failure and or the discovery of a Cross Connection, the User will bear the cost
of all corrective measures and any subsequent testing.
4.8 Monitoring and Inspection
The City, LACDPH, and DDW, or authorized representatives of any of these agencies, shall have
authority to monitor and inspect the entire recycled water system, including both on-site and off-
site facilities.
The City shall conduct monitoring programs, as it deems necessary, to ensure that User’s recycled
water facilities are being operated in accordance with these Guidelines, including the provision that
cross-connections between potable water facilities and the recycled water facilities do not exist.
In carrying out these functions, the City, the LACDPH, DDW, or authorized representatives of any of
these agencies shall have the right to enter any User’s premises during reasonable hours upon
presentation of proper credentials. Reasonable hours shall include hours when irrigation is being
performed to ascertain whether the user is complying with these Guidelines. The User shall
indemnify and hold the City harmless for any damage, loss, or injury alleged to have been caused by
City personnel while inspecting on-site facilities, except where the City’s sole negligence is duly
established. If such entry is refused or cannot be obtained, the City shall have recourse to any
remedy provided by law to secure lawful entry and inspection of the premises or discontinue
recycled water service to the property.
At their discretion, the City or representatives of any health agency having jurisdiction may conduct
surveys of any property where the City provides recycled water service. These surveys are to
determine if any actual or potential cross-connection exists. The User shall provide full cooperation
to facilitate these surveys.
4.8.1 Installation Inspection
In addition to other inspections performed by City building inspectors, the recycled water system
shall be inspected by the City and LACDPH prior to connecting the recycled water meter to the on-
site system. All piping, valves, appurtenances, and cross-connection prevention devices shall be
kept exposed until the recycled water cross-connection control inspection is completed. The use
area will be inspected to confirm no cross-connection to the potable water system is present.
Testing shall be conducted using pressure, dye, or other test method as approved by the City,
LACDPH, and DDW. Copies of the written test reports will be forwarded to the User, City, LACDPH
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and DDW. Upon successful completion of the installation test, the system may be connected to the
recycled water meter.
4.8.2 Annual Inspection
An annual inspection of the backflow preventer and visual inspection confirming no cross
connections are present will be done by the City and/or LACDPH certified inspector. In addition, the
City will confirm the Recycled Water Supervisor is still current and capable of meeting the
responsibilities required per these Guidelines. Copies of the written test reports will be forwarded
to the User, City, LACDPH and DDW.
4.8.3 Quadrennial Shutdown Test
Every four years a cross-connection shut-down test will be done by the City and/or LACDPH
certified inspector. The recycled water system shall be tested for any possible cross connections.
Testing shall be conducted using pressure, dye, or other test method as approved by the City,
LACDPH, and DDW. Copies of the written test reports will be forwarded to the User, City, LACDPH
and DDW.
4.9 Discontinuance of Service
Discontinuance of service may be at the User’s request or by the City.
4.9.1 Turn off at User’s Request
A User may request that service be discontinued, either temporarily or permanently, by giving at
least 24 hours advance notice to the City. User assumes total responsibility for all charges incurred
from the effective date of service until User notifies the City of discontinue service.
4.9.2 Turn-off by the City
The City may discontinue a User’s service for one of, but not limited to, the following reasons:
• Non-payment of bills: A service may be discontinued for nonpayment of any water charges
of a User, whether or not the payment delinquency is associated with recycled water service
at the service connection or at any other City recycled or domestic water service connection
of the same User.
• Recycled water quality: Service may be discontinued if, at any point in the City’s
distribution system, the recycled water does not meet the requirements of regulatory
agencies. Service would, in such case, be restored at such time as recycled water again
meets the requirements of regulatory agencies, or at such time as the City supplements the
recycled water system with water from other sources.
The City reserves the right and has the authority to immediately terminate service at any time.
Refer to Section 6.6.
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4.10 Re-establishment of service
The City shall have the right to refuse to re-establish service following termination of service for
violation of these provisions. Any request to re-establish service subsequent to the termination of
recycled water service shall be in the manner prescribed for initially obtaining recycled water
service from the City, which may include the collection of a security deposit in an amount
determined by the City.
In order to resume or continue service that has been suspended, the User may be required, at the
City’s discretion, to pay a restoration fee, as set by City Council resolution. Reestablishment of
service shall only be made by the City, during regular working hours established by the City.
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5. Operational Requirements
This section summarizes the operational responsibilities of the User and the City to operate and
maintain on-site and off-site recycled water system facilities.
5.1 On-Site Recycled Water System Facilities
5.1.1 User’s Responsibilities
The User shall be responsible for the safe and efficient operation, maintenance, and upkeep of their
on-site facilities. However, the City shall also have the right to monitor and inspect the on-site
operation of the User’s facilities as specified in Section 4.9 of these Guidelines.
The User shall maintain plans and maps showing domestic water lines and recycled water lines
within the use site. The User shall notify the City of any and all changes or proposed changes,
modifications, or additions to the on-site facilities. Changes shall be approved by the City and shall
be designed and constructed according to the requirements, conditions, and standards set forth in
these Guidelines and other City requirements.
Any time there is a change of owner or User(s) on any commercial or industrial premises, the
owner or User(s) shall notify the City immediately. The City will then reassess the level of
protection required to amend the existing permit in accordance with Section 4.4 as necessary. Any
alterations to existing on-site facilities that may affect required protection levels must also be
reported immediately to the City.
The User shall comply with any and all applicable Federal, State, and local statues, ordinances,
regulations, contracts, and requirements prescribed by the City. The City, in accordance with
Section 6 of these Guidelines, shall apply any fines or penalties in the event of violation.
It shall be the responsibility of the User to notify the City of any and all failures in their on-site
recycled water system whether or not it is in the User’s opinion the failures resulted in violations. It
shall also be the responsibility of the User to notify the City of any and all violations, which occur as
a result of the user’s action or the action of his or her operations personnel.
The User shall keep a written log of all system failures and violations including corrective action
taken. The City shall review the log regularly.
5.1.2 Designation/Responsibility of the Recycled Water Site Supervisor
Each recycled water User shall designate a Recycled Water Site Supervisor who is responsible for
the recycled water system under the User’s control. The Recycled Water Site Supervisor shall be a
person accepted and approved by the City to operate and maintain the on-site facilities and
irrigation systems, and to assume the responsibilities outlined here below. The City shall require
that the designated Recycled Water Site Supervisor obtain instruction in the use of recycled water,
such instruction being provided or approved by the City.
The designated Site Supervisor shall attend Recycled Water Site Supervisor training through Los
Angeles County Sanitation District or another approved entity sponsored by the County or the City.
Copies of the Site Supervisor’s certificate, with a 24-hour contact number, shall be provided to the
City and the LACDPH. The Site Supervisor must be recertified every five years. A schedule of site
supervisor training classes dates and locations is available at:
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https://www.lacsd.org/services/wastewater-programs-permits/water-reuse-program/site-
supervisor-training-program
The Recycled Water Site Supervisor shall be the contact person for the User in all matters between
the User and the City concerning the operation of the on-site system and the use of recycled water.
It shall be the responsibility of the User to notify the City whenever a change of the Recycled Water
Supervisor occurs. Subsequently, the User shall be responsible to obtain the City’s acceptance and
approval of their newly designated supervisor. The Recycled Water Site Supervisor will have the
following responsibilities:
1. To oversee recycled water service and maintain on-site facilities.
2. To ensure that all operations personnel are trained and familiarized with the use of
recycled water, including all pertinent information contained in these Guidelines and
those applicable portions of the California Code of Regulations. This information shall be
supplied by the city upon request by the User or Owner.
3. To furnish operations personnel with operating instructions, maintenance instructions,
controller charts, and record drawings to ensure proper operation in accordance with the
facilities design, these Guidelines, and all applicable permits. At least one complete set of
this information shall be kept on-site or in the nearest field office or maintenance
building.
4. To operate and control the User’s recycled water system in order to prevent direct human
consumption of recycled water and to control and prevent run-off.
5. To provide a preventative maintenance program and carry out ongoing regular
maintenance and upkeep to ensure the continued operation of all system elements within
the requirements of these rules and regulations.
6. To prevent cross-connections to potable water systems, and also to protect the recycled
water system from contamination from cross-connections to other sources. In the event of
a cross-connection to the potable water system, the user or Site Supervisor shall
immediately shut off the main recycled water supply valve and depressurize the recycled
water system to prevent further mixing with the potable supply. The user or Site
Supervisor shall also immediately advise the City of the occurrence of the cross-
connection. The County and State health officers shall be immediately advised by the City
so that appropriate measures may be taken to control any contamination or pollution. The
user or Site Supervisor shall assume all responsibilities for the prevention of cross-
connections between the on-site facilities and any potable water supply and shall
indemnify and hold the City harmless from and against any claim of damage or loss which
is caused or is alleged to have been caused, in whole or in part, by cross-connections of
on-site facilities.
7. To ensure that testing and inspection of backflow prevention assemblies is conducted on
an annual basis and that repairs are made where required as per requirements of
regulatory agencies. More frequent tests may be required in those instances where
successive tests indicate repeated failures.
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8. To report to the City any and all failures in the onsite facilities whether or not such
failures may result in violations.
5.1.3 Operation and Control of On-site Recycled Water System
Operation and control measures of on-site recycled water systems shall include, but not be limited
to, the following:
1. Onsite recycled water facilities shall be operated in such a manner to prevent or control
surface flows or windblown sprays of recycled water across boundary lines or into areas
not yet approved for recycled water use.
2. Recycled water shall be applied at agronomic rates. Special precautions must be taken to
prevent clogging of spray nozzles, prevent over watering, and to minimize the production of
runoff. Pipelines shall be maintained to prevent leakage.
3. Recycled water shall be applied at a rate that does not exceed the infiltration rate of the soil.
Where varying soil types are present, the design and operation of the recycled water
facilities shall be compatible with the lowest infiltration rate anticipated or designed
appropriately for the soil type to prevent run-off.
4. The system shall avoid spray patterns that tend to accumulate recycled water to produce
ponding and/or run-off on public rights-of-way or adjoining areas not yet approved for
recycled water use.
5. Recycled water shall not be used for irrigation during periods of rainfall and/or runoff.
6. To the extent possible, the operation of the irrigation system shall be between 10 PM and 6
AM or otherwise during periods of minimal public use of the approved area. Such periods of
operation shall remain within any general period of recycled water irrigation operation
specified by the City.
7. The user shall enforce the following prohibitions per these Guidelines: cross-connections,
disposal of recycled water in unapproved areas, the use of hose bibs, ponding and run-off,
windblown sprays, unapproved use of recycled water.
8. If leakage is detected, the User shall correct any issues within 72 hours of learning of the
runoff.
Chapter 15 of the California Plumbing Code sets forth operation and control requirements when
recycled water is used within buildings in a dual-plumbed system for non-potable domestic uses,
such as toilet and urinal flushing. An Operational and Maintenance Manual for recycled water
supply systems shall be supplied to the building owner by the system designer or installer that
includes the following:
1. Diagram(s) of the entire system and the location of system components.
2. Instructions on operating and maintaining the system.
3. Details on startup, shutdown, and deactivating the system for maintenance, repair, or other
purposes.
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1773 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures Page 28
4. Applicable testing, inspection, and maintenance frequencies in accordance with Section
1501.5 or Section 1503.15 as applicable.
5. A method of contacting the installer and/or manufacturer(s).
6. Directions to the owner or occupant that the manual shall remain with the building
throughout the life cycle of the structure.
5.2 Off-Site Recycled Water System Facilities
Operation, maintenance, and monitoring of the City’s off-site recycled water systems including, but
not limited to, recycled water transmission and distribution main, service lines, valves, connections,
storage facilities, and other appurtenances and properties up to and including the City’s meter, shall
be under the management and control of the City. No other persons except authorized
representatives of the City shall have any right to enter any portion of the foregoing. No other
persons except authorized representatives of the City shall have any right to operate, adjust, repair,
change, alter, move, or relocate any portion of the off-site recycled water system.
5.3 Posting of Approved Use Areas
Posting the use areas of recycled water is required to inform the public that recycled water is being
used. Where recycled water is used, stored, or conveyed, each entrance to any area, building, or
facility shall have a sign posted. Additional signs identifying the color scheme for the recycled,
potable, and industrial water shall be located at each entrance where multiple systems are utilized.
Warning notices and labels shall be posted on designated facilities such as controller panels,
washdowns, or blowoff valves on trucks, and temporary construction facilities. The labels shall
indicate that the system contains recycled water that is unsafe to drink or whatever other
restrictions may apply. A sign shall be installed in each restroom of commercial, industrial, and
institutional occupancies, and in residential common use areas using recycled water for water
closets, urinals, or both. It shall be the responsibility of the Recycled Water Site Supervisor to
ensure the required bilingual postings in English and Spanish are installed and maintained, and so
placed that they can be readily seen by all personnel or public utilizing the facilities.
Where recycled water is used for recreational impoundments, warning signs shall be installed to
notify that the water in the impoundment is unsafe to drink. The agency responsible for the
impoundment shall prepare a detailed plan showing placement and spacing of proposed signs. The
signs shall include the international warning sign of “do not drink” for all recycled water systems.
A signage plan shall be prepared and forwarded to the City and LACDPH for approval prior to the
use of recycled water. An example of typical recycled water signage is included below.
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1774 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures Page 29
Example Recycled Water Signage (Source: WateReuse California Signage Guidelines)
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1775 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures Page 30
6. Enforcement
6.1 Unauthorized Use of Recycled Water
It is unlawful to use City recycled water which does not pass through a City meter, regardless of
knowledge or intent. It is unlawful to make, maintain, or permit any bypass of connection between
the City meter and the main, regardless of knowledge or intent.
6.2 Tampering and Obstruction of Recycled Water System
It is unlawful to break, disassemble, or otherwise tamper with a water meter, or other equipment or
appurtenances of the City’s recycled water system. Any unauthorized person entering, breaking,
damaging, destroying, uncovering, defacing, or tampering with any structure, equipment, or
appurtenance which is a part of the City’s recycled water system shall be in violation of SMMC
7.12.170. Any person who causes obstruction, damage, or any other impairment to the City’s
facilities, shall become liable to the City for all expense, loss, or damage.
6.3 Investigation and Initial Determination
The City is responsible for implementing the enforcement of SMMC 7.12.170 and these Guidelines.
The goal of the City is to maintain compliance through a pro-active program of education,
monitoring, and enforcement. In the event of non-compliance, the City will implement a response
plan based on the seriousness of the violation considering the following criteria:
1. Magnitude and duration of the violation.
2. Effect of the violation on the operation of the City’s recycled water system.
3. Effect of the violation on the City’s compliance with regulatory agency rules and regulations.
4. The compliance history and good faith of the recycled water User.
6.4 Informal and Formal Enforcement Procedures
Compliance with SMMC 7.12.170 and these Guidelines are conditions for receiving recycled water
service. Any User found to be violating any provision of SMMC 7.12.170 and these Guidelines, or the
terms and conditions of the User’s service agreement, permit, or any applicable Federal, State,
County, or City statute, regulation, resolution, ordinance, or other requirement shall be served by
the City with written notice, stating the nature of the violation(s) and providing a reasonable time
limit for the satisfactory correction thereof. The offender shall, within the time stated in such notice,
resolve the violation(s) to the satisfaction of the City. Depending on the frequency and degree of
noncompliance and on the potential danger to public health as determined by the City, service to
the site may be terminated until corrections are made by the User and the Site Supervisor.
6.5 Suspension of Service and Assessing of Fees
The City has the right to suspend recycled water service if any of the conditions set forth in these
Guidelines are not being adhered. The City may impose fees for extra staff time required to correct
violations of these conditions.
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1776 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures Page 31
6.6 Right to Terminate Service
In the interest of protecting public health, the City reserves the right and has the authority to
immediately terminate, without notice, recycled water service to any User if at any time during
construction or operation of the recycled water system there is evidence of real or potential
hazards such as cross-connections with the potable water system, improper tagging, signage, or
markings; or unapproved or prohibited uses.
6.7 Severability
If any section, subsection, clause, or phrase of these Guidelines is determined to be invalid, the
remaining portions of these regulations shall remain in effect.
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1777 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures Page 32
7. Agency Contact Information
Agency Address Website Telephone/ Email
City of Santa
Monica, Building
and Safety
1685 Main Street
Santa Monica CA 90401
Building & Safety -
Community
Development
Department - City of
Santa Monica
(smgov.net)
(310) 458-8355
buildingandsafety@s
mgov.net
City of Santa
Monica, Water
Resources Division
2500 Michigan Avenue
Santa Monica, CA 90404
Santa Monica Public
Works: Water
Resources (smgov.net)
(310) 458-8531
water.resources@s
mgov.net
County of Los
Angeles
Department of
Public Health, Cross
Connections and
Water Pollution
Control Program
5050 Commerce Drive
Baldwin Park, CA 91706
Recycled Water Reuse
Sites | Los Angeles
County Department of
Public Health -
Environmental Health
(lacounty.gov)
(626) 430-5290
CCWPCP@ph.lacoun
ty.gov
Los Angeles County
Sanitation Districts,
Site Supervisor
Training Program
1955 Workman Mill
Road
Whittier, CA 90601
LACSD Web - Recycled
Resources
(562) 908-4288, ext.
2806
nmarrufo@lacsd.org
Los Angeles
Regional Water
Quality Control
Board - Senior
Water Resource
Control Engineer
320 West Fourth Street,
Suite 200
Los Angeles, CA 90013
https://www.waterboar
ds.ca.gov/losangeles/
(213) 576-6600
Steven.Webb@Wate
rboards.ca.gov
SWRCB Division of
Drinking Water –
Water Recycling
1001 I Street
Sacramento, CA 95814
https://www.waterboar
ds.ca.gov/drinking_wate
r/certlic/drinkingwater
/RecycledWater.html
916 341-5254
(619) 525-4022
randy.barnard@wat
erboards.ca.gov
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1778 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
Attachment A
SMMC 7.12.170 - Recycled Water Ordinance
(to be included upon ordinance incorporation to SMMC)
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1779 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures
Attachment B
Recycled Water Service Area Map
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1780 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1781 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled
City of Santa Monica | Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures
Attachment C
Recycled Water Service Application
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1782 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
Water Resources Division
2500 Michigan Ave, Santa Monica, CA 90404 • (310) 458-8531
www.smgov.net/departments/publicworks/water
APPLICATION FOR RECYCLED WATER USE
This application is intended for planning level review of proposed recycled water use only and is not a
substitute for a complete building permit application. Please complete the following application and
return to Water Office at City Yards:
Email: Water.Resources@santamonica.gov
Address: 2500 Michigan Ave, Santa Monica, CA 90404
Date: Project Name:
Project Address:
Permit Number1:
Primary Contact Name: Company Name:
Address: Phone:
Email:
Property Owner Name: Company Name:
Address: Phone:
Email:
Site Supervisor Name2: Company Name:
Address: Phone:
Email:
Type of Site or Development (Residential, Commercial, Mixed-Use, Industrial):
Brief Project Description:
Brief Description of Proposed Use of Recycled Water:
Notes:
1. If an electronic plan review application package has already been submitted and a permit number is assigned, please
include the permit number for City staff reference. Otherwise leave blank.
2. Owner is required to assign a Recycled Water Site Supervisor responsible for operating and maintaining the on-site
facilities for the recycled water use area. Refer to the City’s Guidelines for additional information.
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1783 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
Water Resources Division
2500 Michigan Ave, Santa Monica, CA 90404 • (310) 458-8531
www.smgov.net/departments/publicworks/water
APPLICATION FOR RECYCLED WATER USE, CONTINUED
Building Information
Total Site Square Feet: Number of Floors:
Building Total Square Feet: New Building or Remodel:
Landscape Total Square Feet:
Estimated Recycled Water Demands3
Recycled Water Use
Application4 Gallons per Year Average Peak Demand –
Gallons per Minute
Domestic Uses:
Industrial Uses:
Irrigation Uses:
Water Features:
TOTAL ESTIMATED DEMAND:
Notes:
3. Complete estimated recycled water demand only. Do not include potable water demands within this application.
4. Refer to S.M.M.C. 7.12.170 and the City’s Guidelines for approved recycled water use applications.
ITEMS REQUESTED FOR ATTACHMENT TO THE APPLICATION FOR RECYCLED WATER USE A map showing the specific boundaries of the proposed site. Indicate on the map total
site square footage, total building square footage, and total landscaping area square
footage
A brief description of the specific use(s) to be made of the recycled water at each Site
Evidence that the Site Supervisor has received sufficient training (or the date when
training will occur prior to delivery of recycled water) such that the site is operated
and maintained in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations, LACDPH
requirements, SMMC 7.12.170, and the City’s Guidelines.
Brief description of the methods and devices to be used to prevent cross-connection
and backflow of recycled water into the potable water system
7.C.b
Packet Pg. 1784 Attachment: Recycled Water Use Guidelines, Policy, and Procedures_Draft [Revision 3] (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
ADOPTED: 02/11/21 1
CALIFORNIA REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD
LOS ANGELES REGION
320 West 4th Street, Suite 200, Los Angeles, California, 90013
(213) 576-6600 Fax (213) 576-6660
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles
ORDER NO. R4-2021-0044
(FILE NO. 20-090)
WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS
AND
WATER RECLAMATION REQUIREMENTS
CITY OF SANTA MONICA
SUSTAINABLE WATER INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT (SWIP)
The following Permittee is subject to Waste Discharge Requirements (WDRs) and Water
Reclamation Requirements (WRRs) set forth in this Order:
TABLE 1. PERMITTEE INFORMATION
Permittee City of Santa Monica (City or Permittee)
Name of Facility SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility (AWTF or Facility)
Facility Address 1771 Main Street
Santa Monica, CA 90401
TABLE 2. ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION
This Order was adopted and shall become effective on: February 11, 2021
I, Renee Purdy, Executive Officer, do hereby certify that this Order with all attachments is
a full, true, and correct copy of the Order adopted by the California Regional Water Quality
Control Board, Los Angeles Region (Los Angeles Water Board), on the date indicated
above.
Renee Purdy, Executive Officer
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1785 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ADOPTED: 02/11/21 2
CONTENTS
1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION .............................................................................. 3
2. RECYCLED WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ...................................................... 6
3. ADVANCED-TREATED RECYCLED WATER QUALITY ......................................... 7
4. SMURRF TREATED WATER QUALITY .................................................................. 7
5. GROUNDWATER BASIN ......................................................................................... 8
6. PURPOSE OF ORDER ............................................................................................ 8
7. REGULATION OF RECYCLED WATER .................................................................. 9
8. OTHER APPLICABLE PLANS, POLICIES AND AUTHORITIES ........................... 12
1. INFLUENT SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................... 20
2. RECYCLED WATER TREATMENT SPECIFICATIONS ........................................ 21
3. RECYCLED WATER DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS ................................................ 21
4. RATIONALE FOR DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS ..................................................... 22
5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................ 23
6. SPECIFICATIONS FOR USE OF RECYCLED WATER ........................................ 25
7. USE AREA REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................... 25
8. SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR DUAL-PLUMBED SYSTEMS .... 28
9. DDW SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS .................................................. 30
10. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS ................................................................................... 31
11. REOPENER ........................................................................................................... 33
12. ENFORCEMENT .................................................................................................... 34
TABLES
TABLE 1. PERMITTEE INFORMATION ............................................................................ 1
TABLE 2. ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION ................................................................... 1
TABLE 3. TERTIARY-TREATED RECYCLED WATER USERS ........................................ 6
TABLE 4. BENEFICIAL USES OF GROUNDWATER ...................................................... 12
TABLE 5. GROUNDWATER QUALITY OBJECTIVES FOR SALTS ................................ 12
TABLE 6. DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS NONPOTABLE USES ........................................ 21
ATTACHMENTS
ATTACHMENT A – DEFINITIONS ................................................................................. A-1
ATTACHMENT B – SWIP PROJECT FLOW DIAGRAM ................................................ B-1
ATTACHMENT C1 – AWTF PROCESS FLOWDIAGRAM ............................................ C-1
ATTACHMENT C2 – RECYCLED WATER DISTRIBUTION AREA ............................... C-2
ATTACHMENT C3 – SANTA MONICA GROUNDWATER SUBBASINS ...................... C-3
ATTACHMENT D - STANDARD PROVISIONS ............................................................. D-1
ATTACHMENT E – MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM (MRP) CI-10569 ... E-1
ATTACHMENT F – DDW CONDITIONAL ACCEPTANCE LETTER............................... F-1
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1786 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ADOPTED: 02/11/21 3
The California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Los Angeles Region (Los Angeles
Water Board) finds the following:
1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
1.1. Permittee
The City of Santa Monica (City or Permittee) is a beachside city of 8.3 square
miles on the west side of Los Angeles County. The City has a population of
approximately 93,000 and produces municipal and commercial wastewater that
is mostly conveyed to the Hyperion Water Reclamation Plant, owned and
operated by the City of Los Angeles, Bureau of Sanitation.
1.2. Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project (SWIP)
Overview
The City of Santa Monica is developing a recycled water program to achieve
long-term water self-sufficiency. When fully implemented, the Sustainable
Water Infrastructure Project (SWIP) will allow the City to reuse up to 1.5 million
gallons per day (mgd) of stormwater, brackish water, dry-weather runoff, and
treated wastewater within the city. A conceptual flow diagram of the SWIP is
included in Attachment B and the project consists of the following:
1.2.1. Advanced Water Treatment Facility (AWTF)
Construction and operation of an AWTF that will collect up to 1.5 mgd
raw wastewater, stormwater, and dry-weather runoff from the city and
produce up to 1.2 mgd advanced treated recycled water for nonpotable
and indirect potable reuse. The AWTF advanced treated recycled water
will be mixed with treated water from the Santa Monica Urban Runoff
Recycling Facility (SMURRF) before being used for nonpotable reuse
and, subject to future permitting, indirect potable reuse.
1.2.2. Civic Center Stormwater Harvesting Tank
Construction and operation of a 1.5 million gallon below-grade
stormwater harvesting tank under the City’s Civic Center parking lot to
convey stormwater and dry-weather runoff from the City’s Municipal
Separate Storm Sewer System and Civic Center parking lot to the
AWTF.
1.2.3. SMURRF Upgrades
Installation of a Reverse Osmosis unit at the SMURRF and enclosing
the UV system and final effluent basin. The SMURRF currently acts as
a Best Management Practice (BMP) for stormwater management and
treats both stormwater and dry weather runoff for nonpotable reuse.
Since there is often insufficient stormwater and dry-weather runoff to
run the SMURRF, the SMURRF influent is supplemented with potable
water. To reduce the need for potable water, the City also plans to
convey brackish water from the City’s Clean Beaches Initiative tank to
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1787 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ADOPTED: 02/11/21 4
the SMURRF. Section 4 includes additional information on the
SMURRF processes.
1.2.4. Injection Wells
Installation of a groundwater injection and monitoring well network to
operate the SWIP as a Groundwater Replenishment Reuse Project
(GRRP). Advanced treated recycled water from the AWTF and
upgraded SMURRF will be conveyed to the injection wells through an
extension of the existing recycled water pipeline. A groundwater
monitoring plan will also be developed to monitor the impacts the
injected water has on the groundwater basin before the GRRP begins
operation.
Elements Permitted by the Los Angeles Water Board:
This permit only regulates the activities in the SWIP involving nonpotable reuse.
Specifically, the permit regulates the AWTF and the AWTF effluent water
quality. The City will submit an updated Report of Waste Discharge (ROWD) to
the Los Angeles Water Board once the GRRP is incorporated into the
Engineering Report and approved by the State Water Resources Control
Board, Division of Drinking Water (DDW). The Los Angeles Water Board will
then consider amending this Order to permit operation of the GRRP.
1.3. Facility and Project Description
The AWTF will produce up to 1.2 mgd advanced treated recycled water from a
mixture of raw wastewater from the City’s sanitary sewer, stormwater, and dry-
weather runoff, when available. The influent to the AWTF will be 100% raw
wastewater when no other sources are available. When stormwater or dry-
weather runoff is available, the typical influent will be up to 70% raw wastewater
and 30% stormwater or dry-weather runoff. If the AWTF is shut down or if the
water does not meet Title 22 specifications, the wastewater will be directed to
the sewer for treatment at the City of Los Angeles’ Hyperion Water Reclamation
Plant. Treatment at the Santa Monica AWTF will consist of headworks fine
screening, Membrane Bioreactor (MBR), cartridge filtration, Reverse Osmosis
(RO), Ultraviolet-Advanced Oxidation Process (UVAOP), chlorine disinfection,
and post treatment stabilization as presented below and in Attachment C1:
Headworks Fine Screen – To minimize the presence of inert solids such
as grit, hair, and fibrous materials entering the MBR, a headworks system
will screen the raw influent wastewater, stormwater, and dry-weather
runoff. A single 2 mm perforated drum screen with a hydraulic capacity of
1.5 mgd will provide the required screening with no possibility of
unscreened bypass to downstream processes.
MBR – After the headworks, screened influent will flow by gravity, mix with
Return Activated Sludge (RAS), and enter the MBR. The MBR consists of
two biological trains and two membrane trains. Each biological train will be
divided into two compartments, one anoxic zone and one aerobic zone, to
provide nitrification-denitrification of the wastewater along with oxidizing the
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1788 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ADOPTED: 02/11/21 5
wastewater. One MBR feed pump per biological train will pump the water
from the aeration tank to a common MBR feed tank that allows flow into
either membrane tank. RAS will flow by gravity over an overflow weir into a
common RAS channel, where it will mix with screened influent and be
discharged to either biological train. This mixture of RAS with influent
maintains a sufficient concentration of mixed liquor suspended solids
(MLSS) in the MBR. Each train is sized to provide half the capacity of the
AWTF while meeting the appropriate pathogen reduction credits. Waste
Activated Sludge (WAS) will be discharged to the Sump Pump Station to
maintain a desired MLSS concentration within the MBR. The Sump Pump
Station will ultimately discharge WAS to the downstream sanitary sewer.
An automatic Clean-in-Place (CIP) system will be installed for the
membranes that consists of dosing acid and/or sodium hypochlorite into
the membrane tanks to remove accumulated organic matter or crystalized
salts.
Cartridge Filtration - Cartridge filtration is typically provided upstream of
RO units to protect the membranes. The cartridge filters will be selected
based on acceptance under the Surface Water Treatment Rule for
pathogen reduction credits. The cartridge filters are made of pleated
microfiber media that is NSF-61 certified for removal of cyst-sized particles.
Monitoring of the cartridge filters will be performed to ensure they remain
within the prescribed limits for flow rate, pressure differential, and
discharge turbidity.
RO – Following cartridge filtration, flow will pass through the RO system,
which removes dissolved inorganic and organic components in the MBR
filtrate. To control scaling and to protect the RO membranes, pretreatment
consisting of chemical dosing with a threshold inhibitor and sulfuric acid for
pH control will be provided. A CIP system and a flushing water system for
the RO membranes are essential to maintain the RO performance. RO
concentrate is discharged to the Sump Pump Station for disposal to the
Hyperion Water Reclamation Plant via the downstream sanitary sewer.
UVAOP – The UVAOP at the AWTF will consist of UV irradiation with
chlorine added as an oxidant upstream of the UV trains for advanced
oxidation. UVAOP is used to disinfect RO permeate and destroy
constituents of emerging concern (CECs) that pass through the RO
membranes due to their low molecular weight and low ionic charge, notably
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and 1,4-dioxane. UVAOP effectively
reduces and inactivates pathogenic microorganisms and achieves the
maximum disinfection credits allowed for target microorganisms. The
chlorine used for oxidation also provides the disinfectant residuals needed
for further virus reduction in the downstream chlorine contact tank. The
inactivation of microorganisms and reduction of micropollutants vary with
the UV dose, which is a product of the UV light intensity and the exposure
time, and the chlorine dose.
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1789 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ADOPTED: 02/11/21 6
Chlorine Disinfection – Discharge from the UVAOP will flow to a chlorine
contact tank for further virus reduction. Residual free chlorine concentration
from the UVAOP will serve as the base for chlorine concentration, with an
injection point upstream of the chlorine contact tank to add additional free
chlorine if higher chlorine contact time (CT) values are needed. The
chlorine contact tank provides 11.2 minutes of hydraulic retention time at
peak flow. A tracer study will be performed to determine the baffling factor
in CT calculations.
Post Treatment Stabilization - To stabilize the product water and protect
the distribution system against corrosion, sodium carbonate is added to the
flow to adjust the pH before it enters the distribution system and the
pipelines to the injection wells.
2. RECYCLED WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
The City plans to distribute a mixture of advanced-treated recycled water,
stormwater, dry-weather runoff, and SMURRF effluent for nonpotable uses such as
landscape irrigation and toilet/urinal flushing in dual-plumbed systems. Table 3
below lists the recycled water users and Attachment C2 depicts the current recycled
water distribution area.
TABLE 3. TERTIARY-TREATED RECYCLED WATER USERS
Recycled Water User Facility
Owner Use Type Address Land Use
Tongva Park City Irrigation 1700 Main Street Parks/
Open Space
Palisades Park City Irrigation 1250 Ocean
Avenue
Parks/
Open Space
Memorial Park City Irrigation 1401 Olympic
Boulevard
Parks/
Open Space
Municipal Cemetery City Irrigation 1823 15th Street Institutional/
Public Lands
Municipal Bus Yard City Irrigation 1620 6th Street Downtown
Core
Parking Lot near Metro
Station City Irrigation 1636 5th Street Institutional/
Public Lands
City Hall City Irrigation 1685 Main Street Institutional/
Public Lands
Median at Olympic
Boulevard City Irrigation
1401 – 2400
Olympic
Boulevard
Public
Right-of-Way
Parkway at Colorado and
11th Street City Irrigation 1600 11th Street Public
Right-of-Way
Landscape at Colorado
Esplanade City Irrigation 224 Colorado
Avenue
Public
Right-of-Way
The Rand Corp Private Irrigation/ Dual
Plumbed System 1776 Main Street Institutional/
Public Lands
Step Up On Colorado L.P. Private Irrigation 520 Colorado
Avenue
Downtown
Core
The Waverly Owners
Association Private Irrigation 1705 Ocean
Avenue
Institutional/
Public Lands
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1790 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ADOPTED: 02/11/21 7
Recycled Water User Facility
Owner Use Type Address Land Use
Water Garden Company
LLC Private Irrigation 1620 26th Street Office Campus
Public Safety Building City Dual-Plumbed
System
333 Olympic
Drive
Institutional/
Public Lands
Median at Olympic
Boulevard City Irrigation
1000-2400
Olympic
Boulevard
Median
Public
Right-of-Way
I-10 Freeway Landscaping
State/
Caltrans
District 07
Irrigation 1702 Santa
Monica Freeway
State
Right-of-Way
Other/ Filling Station City
Other/ Filling
Station for Street
Cleaning, Sewer
Jetting
1000 Olympic
Boulevard, 1300
Ocean Avenue,
1600 Delaware
Avenue, 1600
Main Street, 300
Colorado Avenue
Public
Right-of-Way
3. ADVANCED-TREATED RECYCLED WATER QUALITY
The advanced-treated recycled water produced at the AWTF will meet the
requirements in Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations (22 CCR), Chapter 3,
Article 5.2 for indirect potable reuse: Groundwater Replenishment – Subsurface
Application. The advanced treated recycled water will be higher quality than is
required for nonpotable reuse applications, including decorative fountains.
4. SMURRF TREATED WATER QUALITY
4.1. The City of Santa Monica owns and operates the SMURRF, which currently
treats stormwater and dry-weather runoff for nonpotable reuse. The City has
been operating the SMURRF since 2000 as a stormwater and dry-weather
runoff Best Management Practice (BMP).
4.2. The treatment system at the SMURRF currently consists of screening, grit
removal, dissolved air flotation, ultrafiltration, UV disinfection, and sodium
hypochlorite disinfection.
4.3. In the future, the City intends to convey brackish groundwater from the Clean
Beaches Initiative (CBI) project tank to the SMURRF, at which time the City
will add reverse osmosis (RO) treatment to the SMURRF. This additional
treatment is necessary to ensure the SMURRF water meets Title 22 diluent
water requirements before it is mixed with the advanced-treated recycled
water and injected into the groundwater basin.
4.4. Influent water quality to the SMURRF and CBI project tank was monitored for
341 different pollutants from November 18, 2018 to November 25, 2019. The
SMURRF and the CBI tank influent exceeded the Maximum Contaminant
Levels (MCLs), or Notification Levels (NLs) for several pollutants. However,
the additional treatment by reverse osmosis will reduce those pollutant
concentrations to below the MCLs and NLs. The water quality of the
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SMURRF and CBI tank influent in wet and dry weather is similar; however,
iron and manganese concentrations tend to be higher during wet weather in
the SMURRF influent. PFOS and PFOA were also closely monitored to
ensure the planned treatment process will be sufficient to keep the
concentrations of these pollutants below their NLs. The City is continuing to
monitor the SMURRF and CBI tank influent to determine its suitability as
diluent water in the future.
4.5. The effluent from the SMURRF with RO will be required to meet all MCLs and
NLs before use as a diluent water, and will be monitored once the advanced-
treatment upgrades are complete.
5. GROUNDWATER BASIN
5.1. The Santa Monica Groundwater Basin (SMGB) is nonadjudicated and
encompasses a surface area of approximately 50 square miles. The
boundaries of the basin underlie the entire city limits and extend beyond the
city boundaries into those of the City of Los Angeles to the north, east, and
south. There are five separate subbasins within the SMGB, namely the
Arcadia, Charnock, Coastal, Crestal, and Olympic subbasins. See Attachment
C3 for a map depicting each of the subbasins. The subbasin boundaries
loosely coincide with major geological structural features (e.g., faults) in the
SMGB, but in some cases are defined using a combination of topography,
sedimentation and/or geologic faulting. The sediments/rocks within and
beneath the City of Santa Monica’s portion of the SMGB are divided into two
broad groups: (1) a potentially water-bearing sediments group (these deposits
tend to be readily capable of absorbing, storing, transmitting and yielding
groundwater to water wells) and (2) a non-water-bearing rocks group, which
underlies the water-bearing sediments group and which is comprised by
geologically old, lithified, or cemented sedimentary rocks and/or crystalline
rocks of low permeability.
5.2 This Order does not currently permit any groundwater recharge operations
that will take place in the future. The recycled water use areas, as well as the
groundwater injection locations, are located above the SMGB in the Los
Angeles Coastal Plain. The City must submit an amended Report of Waste
Discharge and amended Antidegradation Study, as described in section 8.3.2
below, and these WDRs must be amended before such use is permissible.
6. PURPOSE OF ORDER
6.1. On April 22, 2020, the City submitted a Report of Waste Discharge to the Los
Angeles Water Board to permit the use of AWTF advanced-treated recycled
water for nonpotable uses. On May 01, 2020 the Los Angeles Water Board
requested additional information to complete the application. The City
provided additional information on June 08, 2020 and the Los Angeles Water
Board deemed the ROWD complete on August 21, 2020.
6.2. The City submitted a Title 22 Engineering Report for the production,
distribution, and use of advanced-treated recycled water from the City’s new
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AWTF on April 22, 2020 for which DDW provided comments on June 01,
2020. The City submitted a revised Title 22 Engineering Report dated July 16,
2020 and DDW conditionally approved the Title 22 Engineering Report on
August 19, 2020.
6.3. This Order includes findings and requirements necessary to ensure the
advanced-treated recycled water produced by the AWTF complies with the
applicable policies. The City is responsible for producing recycled water that
is at least equivalent to disinfected tertiary recycled water, processing
individual end-user applications, inspecting point-of-use facilities, and
ensuring end-users’ compliance with the requirements contained in this
Order. The actual delivery of recycled water to end-users is subject to
approval by DDW and/or its delegated local health agency.
7. REGULATION OF RECYCLED WATER
7.1. State authority to oversee recycled water use is shared by the State Water
Resources Control Board (State Water Board) including DDW, and the Los
Angeles Water Board. DDW is the agency with the primary responsibility for
establishing water recycling criteria under the California Code of Regulations
(CCR) title 22 to protect the health of the public while using recycled water.
The State Water Board and the regional water boards are responsible for
issuing WDRs and WRRs for water that is used or proposed to be used as
recycled water.
7.2. On January 6, 1977, the State Water Board adopted Resolution No. 77-1,
Policy with Respect to Water Reclamation in California, which includes
principles that encourage and recommend funding for water recycling and its
use in water-short areas of the state. On September 26, 1988 the Los
Angeles Water Board also adopted Resolution No. 88-012, which encourages
the beneficial use of recycled wastewater and supports water recycling
projects.
7.3. The State Water Board adopted the Water Quality Control Policy for Recycled
Water (Recycled Water Policy, State Water Board Resolution No. 2009-0011)
on February 3, 2009 and amended the Policy on January 22, 2013 (State
Water Board Resolution No. 2013-0003). The Recycled Water Policy was
further amended and adopted on December 11, 2018 (State Water Board
Resolution No. 2018-0057) by the State Water Board and approved by the
Office of Administrative Law (OAL) on April 08, 2019. In part, the purpose of
the Recycled Water Policy is to increase the beneficial use of recycled water
from municipal wastewater sources in a manner consistent with state and
federal water quality laws and regulations and to protect groundwater
resources. This Order includes requirements consistent with the Recycled
Water Policy.
7.4. In section 4 of the amended Recycled Water Policy (Resolution No. 2018-
0057), the State Water board and the regional water boards are the two
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primary agencies with jurisdiction over the use and regulation of recycled
water. The State Water Board:
• establishes general policies governing the permitting of recycled water
projects,
• develops uniform water recycling criteria appropriate to particular uses of
water and processes,
• approves wastewater change petitions filed by wastewater dischargers
for recycled water projects that have the potential to decrease flow in any
portion of a watercourse such as a river or stream,
• adopts statewide orders for the permitting of recycled water projects,
• reviews and approves Title 22 engineering reports for recycled water use,
and
• allocates and disperses funding for recycled water projects consistent
with its roles of protecting water quality, public health, and sustaining
water supplies.
The State Water Board also exercises general oversight of recycled water
projects, including review of regional water board permitting practices.
The regional water boards issue permits that include requirements needed to
protect water quality, human health, and the environment consistent with the
State and Regional Water Quality Control Plans, policies, and applicable law.
The regional water boards also exercise their authority to encourage the use
of recycled water.
7.5. CWC section 13523(a) provides that a regional water board, after consulting
with and receiving recommendations from DDW or its delegated local health
agency, and after any necessary hearing, shall, if it determines such action to
be necessary to protect the health, safety, or welfare of the public, prescribe
WRRs for water that is used or proposed to be used as recycled water. CWC
section 13523 further provides that, at a minimum, the WRRs shall include, or
be in conformance with, the statewide water recycling criteria established by
DDW pursuant to CWC section 13521.
7.6. CWC section 13523.5, on WRRs, states that a regional water board may not
deny issuance of WRRs to a project that violates only a salinity standard in a
Basin Plan. This provision does not apply to WDRs. WDRs for projects that
recycle water may contain effluent and other limitations on discharges of
salts, as necessary to meet water quality objectives, comply with the
Antidegradation Policy or otherwise protect beneficial uses.
7.7. Pursuant to CWC section 13523, the Los Angeles Water Board has consulted
with DDW regarding the proposed recycling project and has incorporated their
recommendations into this Order.
7.8. Section 7.4 of the Recycled Water Policy states that site-specific groundwater
monitoring shall not be required for irrigation projects where recycled water is
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applied at rates that minimize percolation of recycled water below the plants’
root zone and account for the nutrient levels in the recycled water and nutrient
demand by plants when applying fertilizers. The Recycled Water Policy also
includes exceptions to this exemption from groundwater monitoring including
when a regional water board determines there are unique site-specific
conditions or such project-specific monitoring is required under the accepted
salt and nutrient management plan, applicable basin plan, or other water
board program such as the Irrigated Lands Program. Unique site-specific
conditions include but are not limited to recycled water that is proposed to be
used for irrigation over high transmissivity soils over a shallow (5 feet or less)
high quality groundwater aquifer or proposed to be stored in unlined ponds
where the regional water board determines that it will result in an
unacceptable threat to groundwater quality. This Order is being issued
without site-specific groundwater monitoring since the irrigation permitted
under this Order requires the recycled water to be applied at rates that
minimize percolation below the plants’ root zone. The exceptions to the
exemption do not apply because there are no site-specific conditions that may
result in an unacceptable threat to groundwater quality when recycled water is
used in compliance with this Order.
7.9. It is the intent of the recycled water policy for salts and nutrients to be
addressed regionally rather than imposing requirements solely on individual
recycled water projects. Section 6.1.2 of the Recycled Water Policy states,
“Salts and nutrients from all sources must be managed on a basin-wide or
watershed-wide basis in a manner that ensures attainment of water quality
objectives and protection of beneficial uses. The most effective way to
address salt and nutrient loading is typically through the development of
regional or subregional salt and nutrient management plans rather than
imposing requirements solely on individual recycled water projects or other
individual sources of salts and nutrients.”
7.10. A goal of the Recycled Water Policy is to increase the beneficial use of
recycled water from municipal wastewater sources in a manner consistent
with state and federal water quality laws and regulations. The Recycled Water
Policy directs the regional water boards to collaborate with generators of
municipal wastewater and interested parties in the development of SNMPs to
manage loadings of salts and nutrients to groundwater basins in a manner
that is protective of beneficial uses, thereby supporting the sustainable use of
local waters. The City is currently developing a Salt and Nutrient Management
Plan for the Santa Monica Groundwater Basin. Since there is no SNMP for
the Santa Monica Groundwater Basin currently, the City has provided an
Antidegradation Study for nonpotable reuse of the recycled water, as
described in section 8.3.2 below.
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8. OTHER APPLICABLE PLANS, POLICIES AND AUTHORITIES
8.1. THE BASIN PLAN
8.1.1. The Water Quality Control Plan for the Los Angeles Region: Basin Plan
for the Coastal Watersheds of Los Angeles and Ventura Counties
(Basin Plan) designates beneficial uses for surface and groundwater;
establishes narrative and numeric water quality objectives that shall be
attained or maintained to protect the designated (existing and potential)
beneficial uses and conform to the State’s antidegradation policy; and
includes implementation provisions, programs, and policies to protect all
waters in the region. In addition, the Basin Plan incorporates all
applicable State Water Board and Los Angeles Water Board plans and
policies and other pertinent water quality policies and regulations.
8.1.2. The Basin Plan incorporates the primary MCLs found in the California
Code of Regulations by reference. This incorporation is prospective,
including future changes to the incorporated provisions as the changes
take effect. Groundwater designated for use as domestic or municipal
supply shall not contain concentrations of chemical constituents and
radionuclides in excess of the MCLs. The Basin Plan also specifies that
groundwaters shall not contain taste or odor-producing substances in
concentrations that cause nuisance or adversely affect beneficial uses.
8.1.3. The Basin Plan contains water quality objectives for groundwater in the
Santa Monica Basin of the Coastal Plain of Los Angeles. The beneficial
uses of the receiving groundwater basin are as follows:
TABLE 4. BENEFICIAL USES OF GROUNDWATER
Receiving Water Name Beneficial Uses
Coastal Plain of Los Angeles
(Santa Monica Basin;
Department of Water Resources
(DWR) Basin No. 4-11.01)
Existing Beneficial Uses:
Municipal and domestic water supply (MUN); industrial
service supply (IND); industrial process supply (PROC);
and agricultural supply (AGR).
8.1.4. The Basin Plan water quality objectives for salts in the Santa Monica
groundwater basin are:
TABLE 5. GROUNDWATER QUALITY OBJECTIVES FOR SALTS
Basin
DWR
Basin
No.
TDS
(mg/L)
Sulfate
(mg/L)
Chloride
(mg/L)
Boron
(mg/L)
Coastal Plain of Los Angeles
Santa Monica 4-11.01 1000 250 200 0.5
8.2 PORTER-COLOGNE WATER QUALITY CONTROL ACT
8.2.1. CWC section 13263 requires that the Los Angeles Water Board
prescribe requirements as to the nature of any discharge to waters of
the State, implementing any relevant water quality control plan and
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taking into consideration beneficial uses, water quality objectives, and
the need to prevent nuisance.
8.2.2. Pursuant to CWC section 13263(g), discharges of waste into water of
the state are privileges, not rights. Nothing in this Order creates a
vested right to continue the discharge. CWC section 13263 authorizes
the Los Angeles Water Board to issue waste discharge requirements
that implement any relevant water quality control plan.
8.2.3. CWC section 13267 authorizes the Los Angeles Water Board to require
technical and monitoring reports. The attached MRP establishes
monitoring and reporting requirements to implement federal and state
requirements. CWC section 13267(b) states, in part:
“In conducting an investigation specified in subdivision (a), the
regional board may require that any person who has discharged,
discharges, or is suspected of having discharged or discharging or
proposes to discharge within its region, or any citizen or domiciliary, or
political agency or entity of this state who has discharged, discharges,
or is suspected of having discharged or discharging, or who proposes
to discharge waste outside of its region shall furnish under penalty of
perjury, technical or monitoring program reports which the Regional
Board requires. The burden, including costs of these reports shall
bear a reasonable relationship to the need for the reports and the
benefits to be obtained from the reports. In requiring those reports, the
regional board shall provide the person with a written explanation with
regard to the need for the reports and shall identify the evidence that
supports requiring that person to provide the reports.”
8.2.4. The need for technical and monitoring reports required by this Order,
including the MRP, are based on the Report of Waste Discharge
(ROWD) and Engineering Report; the recommendations from DDW;
and other information in the Los Angeles Water Board’s files for the
facility. The technical and monitoring reports are necessary to assure
compliance with this Order. The burden, including costs, of providing
the technical reports required by this Order bears a reasonable
relationship to the need for the reports and the benefits to be obtained
from the reports. Specifically, the required monitoring is needed to
confirm that operation of the AWTF meets the parameters of this Order
and complies with the Basin Plan, thus protecting human health,
including drinking water supplies, and the environment.
8.2.5. Pursuant to CWC section 13320, any aggrieved party may seek review
of this Order by filing a petition with the State Water Board in
accordance with CCR, title 23, sections 2050-2068. The State Water
Board must receive the petition by 5:00 p.m., 30 days after adoption of
this Order, except that if the thirtieth day following the date of this Order
falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or State holiday, the petition must be
received by the State Water Board by 5:00 p.m. on the next business
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day. Copies of the law and regulations applicable to filing petitions
(http://waterboards.ca.gov/public_notices/petitions/water_quality) may
be found on the State Water Boards’ website.
8.2.6. The Los Angeles Water Board has notified the City, interested
agencies, and persons of its intent to issue this Order for the production
and use of recycled water and has provided them with an opportunity to
submit written comments. The Los Angeles Water Board, in a public
meeting, heard and considered all comments pertaining to this Order.
(CWC section 13263.)
8.3 ANTIDEGRADATION POLICY
8.3.1. On October 28, 1968, the State Water Board adopted Resolution No.
68-16, Statement of Policy with Respect to Maintaining High Quality of
Waters in California (Resolution 68-16), establishing an Antidegradation
Policy for the State Water Board and Regional Water Boards.
Resolution 68-16 requires the Los Angeles Water Board, in regulating
discharge of waste, to maintain high quality waters of the State until it is
demonstrated that any change in quality (1) will be consistent with
maximum benefit to the people of the State, (2) will not unreasonably
affect beneficial uses, and (3) will not result in water quality less than
that prescribed in the Los Angeles Water Board’s policies. Resolution
68-16 requires the discharge to be regulated to meet best practicable
treatment or control to assure that pollution or nuisance will not occur
and the highest water quality consistent with the maximum benefit to
the people of the State be maintained. The Los Angeles Water Board’s
Basin Plan incorporates, by reference, the state antidegradation policy.
8.3.2. Section 7.2.2 of the Recycled Water Policy requires that, “for non-
potable recycled water projects ineligible or inappropriate for enrollment
under statewide water reclamation requirements, project proponents
must submit an antidegradation analysis to the Los Angeles Water
Board with the report of waste discharge to demonstrate compliance
with the Antidegradation Policy.” The City submitted an Antidegradation
Study on May 05, 2020 and the Los Angeles Water Board requested
revisions to the study on July 24, 2020. The City submitted a revised
version of the Antidegradation Study on September 29, 2020 and the
study adequately evaluates the potential impacts of the proposed
activities associated with nonpotable uses of the recycled water in
compliance with the Antidegradation Policy.
8.3.3. This Order regulates discharges to the SMGB. The SMGB contains
high quality water, as described in section 8.3.6 below. To the extent
use of recycled water for nonpotable uses may result in the discharge to
the SMGB, this Order authorizes limited degradation consistent with the
Antidegradation Policy as described in the findings below. The analysis
is based on the information provided in the Antidegradation Study dated
September 29, 2020. A SNMP is currently being developed for the
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Santa Monica subbasin in accordance with the Recycled Water Policy,
which will require ongoing analysis to evaluate inputs into the basin, the
salt and nutrient mass balance, and the available assimilative capacity.
8.3.4. This Order requires best practicable treatment and control, which is a
combination of advanced treatment, storage, and application methods
that implement the requirements of 22 CCR and the Basin Plan.
Recycled water is generated by treating domestic wastewater
adequately to make the water suitable for direct beneficial use that
would not otherwise occur. The required level of treatment in this Order
corresponds to the proposed use of recycled water for nonpotable use.
In addition, this Order includes requirements regarding the storage and
application of recycled water to protect water quality and to limit public
contact with recycled water, as appropriate. These requirements will
assure that pollution or nuisance will not occur and the highest water
quality consistent with the maximum benefit to the people of the State
be maintained.
8.3.5. The SWIP, including the AWTF, increases the use of local supplies by
reusing water that would otherwise flow to the ocean via the Hyperion
Water Reclamation Plant or the storm drain system without supporting
beneficial uses during transmission. The use of recycled water in place
of potable water supplies for the nonpotable uses allowed under this
Order improves local water supply availability and reduces the need to
rely on imported water.
8.3.6. As part of the Antidegradation Study dated September 29, 2020, the
City collected five groundwater samples between 2017 and 2020 and
had them analyzed for salts and nutrients. The data collected indicates
that the average concentrations of chloride (80 mg/L), sulfate (140
mg/L), TDS (580 mg/L), boron (0.12 mg/L), nitrate (0.8 mg/L), nitrite
(0.10 mg/L), and nitrate plus nitrite (0.51 mg/L) in the groundwater are
all below the water quality objectives in the Basin Plan for chloride (200
mg/L), sulfate (250 mg/L), TDS (1,000 mg/L), boron (0.5 mg/L), nitrate
(10 mg/L), nitrite (1 mg/L), and nitrate plus nitrite (10 mg/L). A
conservative estimate (disregarding any impact of dilution by
stormwater) of the advanced-treated recycled water concentrations for
chloride (28 mg/L), sulfate (3.2 mg/L), TDS (120 mg/L), boron (0.3
mg/L), nitrate (3.9 mg/L), nitrite (<0.1 mg/L), and nitrate plus nitrite (0.9
mg/L) also indicates the water quality objectives in the Basin Plan for
salts and nutrients will be achieved. Based on these conservative
estimates, the advanced-treated recycled water is expected to have
lower concentrations of TDS, chloride, and sulfate but higher
concentrations of boron (0.3 mg/L vs 0.12 mg/L), nitrate (3.9 mg/L vs
0.8 mg/L), and nitrate plus nitrite (0.9 mg/L vs 0.51 mg/L) than the
current groundwater quality. Since there is limited data on the
concentrations of salts and nutrients in the Santa Monica Basin, the
above comparisons are only rough estimates and additional
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groundwater data is needed to provide an accurate picture of the actual
current groundwater quality. The City is in the process of collecting
additional groundwater data to support the antidegradation analysis for
the indirect potable reuse operations. The additional data will provide a
more accurate estimate of the current groundwater quality before
recycled water is injected directly into the aquifer. As required by the
Antidegradation Policy, the Los Angeles Water Board finds that the
limited degradation of groundwater with respect to boron and nitrogen
species that may occur as the result of using the advanced-treated
recycled water for the nonpotable uses permitted under the conditions
of this Order provides maximum benefit to the people of California,
provided the recycled water treatment and use are managed to ensure
long-term reasonable protection of beneficial uses to waters of the
State.
8.3.7. 22 CCR imposes limitations on the uses of recycled water, based on
the level of treatment and the specific use to protect public health. By
restricting the use of recycled water to those meeting the requirements
in 22 CCR, this Order ensures the water will be used safely. To the
extent that the use of recycled water may result in some waste
constituents entering the environment after effective source control,
advanced treatment and other control measures are implemented, the
conditions of this Order limiting the use of recycled water to agronomic
rates is part of the suite of treatment, storage, and application measures
that comprise best practical treatment and control for irrigation. Other
types of uses that may be approved such as toilet/urinal flushing in
dual-plumbed systems, dust control, , and other short-term or infrequent
applications are unlikely to result in sufficient loading of waste
constituents that impact water quality.
8.3.8. Constituents associated with recycled water that have the potential to
degrade groundwater include salinity, nutrients, pathogens (represented
by coliform bacteria), disinfection byproducts (DBPs), constituents of
emerging concern (CECs), and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs).
The Los Angeles Water Board finds that the use of recycled water
permitted under this Order will not unreasonably affect beneficial uses
or result in water quality that is less than that is described in the
applicable policies. The characteristics and requirements associated
with each of the recycled water constituents of concern are discussed
below:
a. Salinity is measured in water through various measurements,
including but not limited to, total dissolved solids (TDS) and
electrical conductivity. Excessive salinity can impair the beneficial
uses of water. Salinity levels in the receiving water can be affected
by the use of recycled water if the recycled water has elevated
concentrations of salinity. This Order requires the advanced-treated
recycled water from the AWTF to meet the salinity water quality
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objectives for the Santa Monica Groundwater Basin. The AWTF will
remove salts using a reverse osmosis system. Although the water
delivered to customers for irrigation will be a mixture of advanced-
treated recycled water from the AWTF and stormwater and dry-
weather runoff treated by the SMURRF, and potable water when
alternate water supplies are insufficient to meet the demand, the
main source of water will be the advanced-treated recycled water
from the AWTF. Since stormwater and dry weather runoff have low
salt concentrations and the majority of water used for irrigation is
from the AWTF, and the fact that the advanced-treated recycled
water is required to meet the water quality objectives for salts, the
use of nonpotable water for irrigation in the Land Use area will not
impair the beneficial uses of groundwater in the SMGB.
b. Nitrogen is a nutrient that may be present in recycled water. The
AWTF will be designed to remove nitrogen from wastewater using a
membrane bioreactor and reverse osmosis system. The AWTF will
reduce the concentration of nitrogen compounds below the primary
MCLs and Basin Plan objectives, as required in this Order. In
addition, this Order requires application of recycled water to take
into consideration nutrient levels in recycled water and nutrient
demand by plants. Application of recycled water at agronomic rates
and considering soil, climate, and plant demand minimizes the
movement of nutrients below the plants' root zone. When applied to
cropped (or landscaped) land, some of the nitrogen in recycled
water will be taken up by the plants, lost to the atmosphere through
volatilization of ammonia or denitrification, or stored in the soil
matrix. As a result, nitrogen will not impair an existing and/or
potential beneficial use of groundwater.
c. Pathogens and other microorganisms may be present in recycled
water based on the disinfection status. Coliform bacteria are used as
a surrogate (indicator) because they are present in untreated
wastewater, survive in the environment similar to pathogenic
bacteria, and are easy to detect and quantify. Pathogens are
generally limited in their mobility when applied to land.
The AWTF will include multiple systems that will remove pathogenic
microorganisms, including a membrane bioreactor, cartridge filters,
reverse osmosis, and UVAOP. The recycled water will meet the
pathogenic microorganism requirements for filtered wastewater in 22
CCR § 60301.230.
In addition, setbacks from recycled water use areas are required in
22 CCR as a means of reducing pathogenic risks by coupling
pathogen inactivation rates with groundwater travel time to a
domestic water supply well or other potential exposure route (e.g.
water contact activities). In general, a substantial unsaturated zone
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reduces pathogen survival compared to saturated soil conditions.
Fine grained soil particles (silt or clay) reduce the rate of
groundwater transport and therefore are generally less likely to
transport pathogens. Setbacks also provide attenuation of other
recycled water constituents through physical, chemical, and
biological processes.
d. Disinfection by-products (DBPs) consist of organic and inorganic
substances produced by the interaction of chemical disinfectants
with naturally occurring substances in the water source. Common
disinfection by-products include trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids,
bromate, and chlorite. DBPs present in wastewater will be reduced
by treatment at the AWTF and the recycled water will receive
additional treatment when applied to land. Biodegradation,
adsorption, volatilization, and other attenuative processes that occur
naturally in soil will reduce the concentrations and retard migration
of DBPs in the subsurface.
e. Chemicals of Emerging Concern (CECs) in recycled water as
defined in the Recycled Water Policy are chemicals in personal care
products, pharmaceuticals including antibiotics, antimicrobials;
industrial, agricultural, and household chemicals; hormones; food
additives; transformation products, inorganic constituents; and
nanomaterials. CECs are new classes of chemicals, diverse, and
relatively unmonitored chemicals. Many of them are so new that
standardized measurement methods and toxicological data for
interpreting their potential human or ecosystem health effects are
unavailable. The State Water Board convened a CEC Advisory
Panel to address questions about regulating CECs with respect to
the use of recycled water. The Panel’s primary charge was to
provide guidance for developing monitoring programs that assess
potential CEC threats from various water recycling practices,
including groundwater recharge/reuse and urban landscape
irrigation. The Panel provided recommendations for monitoring
specific CECs in recycled water used for groundwater recharge
reuse. Monitoring of health-based CECs or performance indicator
CECs is not required for recycled water used for landscape irrigation
and other nonpotable uses due to the low risk of ingestion of the
water; however the RO system of the AWTF will reduce the
concentration of CECs in the recycled water. The CEC monitoring
recommendations were made part of the Recycled Water Policy and
since this Order does not provide coverage for groundwater
recharge activities, CEC monitoring is not required in this Order.
f. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are mostly man-made,
found in various materials such as pesticides, metals, additives, or
contaminants in food, and personal care products. Human exposure
to EDCs occurs via ingestion of food, dust and water, via inhalation
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of gases and particles in the air, and through the skin. Perchlorate is
an EDC that may be present in hypochlorite solutions, which is a
type of disinfectant used to treat the recycled water from the AWTF.
Formation of perchlorate in hypochlorite solution can be minimized
when proper manufacturing, handling, and storage conditions are
followed. Perchlorate accumulation has been documented in fruit
and seed-bearing crops and leafy vegetation irrigated with
perchlorate contaminated water. Recycled water currently makes up
less than one percent of California agricultural water supply. Much of
the recycled water used for agricultural irrigation is either
undisinfected or is disinfected by means that do not result in
perchlorate generation, such as ultraviolet light and chlorine gas.
The AWTF will disinfect the recycled water using ultraviolet light in
addition to sodium hypochlorite. Some sources of agricultural water
supply in some areas of the state contain perchlorate, such as
surface water from Colorado River or groundwater sources in areas
near industrial or military application sites (e.g. Riverside, San
Bernardino, and Los Angeles counties). The blending of sources of
irrigation water will further reduce any concentration of perchlorate
present in recycled water and will be unlikely to affect beneficial
uses or degrade groundwater quality. In addition, the RO system of
the AWTF will reduce the concentration of EDCs in the recycled
water prior to distribution.
8.3.9. Using recycled water for nonpotable reuse is to the maximum benefit to
the people of the State. The use of recycled water for irrigation and
dual-plumbed systems reduces the region’s dependence on imported
potable water.
8.3.10. With regard to the land application areas, application of recycled water
for irrigation is limited to agronomic rates and therefore is not expected
to measurably impact groundwater quality or lead to any degradation.
To further limit the extent of any degradation, the recycled water is also
required to meet the groundwater quality objectives in the Basin Plan
for salts and nutrients. To the extent there is any degradation, the use
of recycled water for irrigation is to the maximum benefit to the people
of the State and the application in accordance with agronomic rates, in
addition to the advanced treatment provided by the AWTF, constitutes
best practicable treatment and control.
8.4. CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT (CEQA) AND
NOTIFICATION
A draft Initial Study/ Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS/MND) for the SWIP was
circulated for a 30-day public review from July 19, 2016 to August 20, 2016.
City staff prepared written responses to all comments and presented those
comments and responses in the final IS/MND. The final IS/MND determined
that the proposed SWIP would not result in significant impacts to the
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environment with the incorporation and implementation of mitigation measures
in the areas of biological resources, cultural resources, and construction
effects. Mitigation measures include the use of cultural resource monitors
during earth-disturbing activities and biological resource monitoring (birds and
bats) during construction. Construction effects will be mitigated by adherence to
City Municipal Code pertaining to work hours. Less than significant or no
impacts would occur with respect to aesthetics/shadows, agriculture and
forestry resources, air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, hydrology and water
quality, land use and planning, mineral resources, population and housing, and
public services, utilities, and mandatory findings of significance. To ensure
mitigation measures are properly implemented, a Mitigation Monitoring and
Reporting Program has been prepared and will be executed during construction
and operation of the SWIP. The proposed mitigation measures are provided in
the final IS/MND. The final IS/MND, the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting
Plan and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) documents (i.e. CEQA-
Plus) for the SWIP were certified by the Santa Monica City Council on
September 27, 2016, and the Notice of Determination was filed at the State
Clearinghouse on September 30, 2016.
The Los Angeles Water Board, as a responsible agency under CEQA, finds
that all environmental effects have been identified for project activities that it is
required to approve, and that the Project will not have significant adverse
impacts on the environment provided that the mitigation presented in the final
CEQA-Plus documents, is carried out as conditioned in this Order. In adopting
this Order, the Los Angeles Water Board has eliminated or substantially
lessened the less-than-significant effects on water quality, and therefore
approves the project.
8.5. SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT
Pursuant to CWC section 106.3, it is the policy of the State of California that
every human being has the right to safe, clean, affordable, and accessible
water adequate for human consumption, cooking, and sanitary purposes. This
Order promotes that policy by reducing the demand for potable water and
requiring that the advanced-treated water meets all applicable effluent limits to
protect human health.
THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that in order to meet the provisions contained
in division 7 of the CWC (commencing with section 13000) and regulations and
guidelines adopted thereunder, and CCR, title 22, division 4, chapter 3, the City shall
comply with the requirements in this Order.
1. INFLUENT SPECIFICATIONS
The influent to the AWTF shall be raw wastewater, stormwater, and dry-weather
runoff from the City of Santa Monica as described in this Order. The raw
wastewater is primarily from residential and commercial users. The City of Santa
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Monica shall maintain an active pretreatment program to control pollutants that
may interfere with treatment or pass through the AWTF.
2. RECYCLED WATER TREATMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Treatment of recycled water shall be as described in the findings of this Order and
as described in DDW’s conditional approval letter issued on August 19, 2020
(Attachment F).
3. RECYCLED WATER DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS
Refer to section 4 of this Order for additional information concerning the rationale
for the limitations for turbidity, total coliform, salts, and nutrients.
3.1. Nonpotable Uses
The advanced-treated recycled water produced at the AWTF for nonpotable
uses such as landscape irrigation and dual-plumbed systems shall not
contain pollutants in excess of the following limitations, with compliance
measured at Monitoring Location EFF-001 as descried in the MRP,
Attachment E.
TABLE 6. DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS NONPOTABLE USES
Constituents Units Average
Monthly
7-day
Median
Maximum
Daily
Instan-
taneous
Minimum
Instan-
taneous
Maximum
Notes
Oil and
Grease mg/L 10 --- 15 --- --- ---
Total Coliform MPN/100
mL 23 2.2 --- --- 240 Note a
pH Units --- --- --- 6.5 8.5 ---
Turbidity (after
MF and prior
to RO)
NTU --- --- 0.2 --- 0.5 Note b
Total
Dissolved
Solids
mg/L --- --- 1,000 --- --- ---
Chloride mg/L --- --- 200 --- --- ---
Sulfate mg/L --- --- 250 --- --- ---
Boron mg/L --- --- 0.5 --- --- ---
Nitrate-N +
Nitrite-N mg/L --- --- 10 --- --- ---
Nitrate as
Nitrate mg/L --- --- 45 --- --- ---
Nitrate as
Nitrogen mg/L --- --- 10 --- --- ---
Nitrite as
Nitrogen mg/L --- --- 1 --- --- ---
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Footnotes for Table 6
a. The median concentration of total coliform bacteria measured in the disinfected
effluent shall not exceed an MPN of 2.2 per 100 milliliters utilizing the bacteriological
results of the last seven days for which analyses have been completed and the
number of total coliform bacteria shall not exceed an MPN of 23 per 100 milliliters in
more than one sample in any 30-day period. No sample shall exceed an MPN of 240
total coliform per 100 milliliters (22 CCR § 60301.230).
b. The turbidity of the MBR filtrate shall not exceed any of the following: 1) 0.2 NTU
more than 5% of the time (72 minutes) within a 24-hour period, 2) 0.5 NTU at any
time (22 CCR § 60301.320).
End Footnotes for Table 6
3.2. Subsurface Application (Not Applicable)
4. RATIONALE FOR DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS
4.1. Turbidity
Turbidity is an expression of the optical property that causes light to be
scattered in water due to particulate matter such as clay, silt, organic matter,
and microscopic organisms. The turbidity discharge limitations are based on
the definition of filtered wastewater in 22 CCR § 60301.320.
4.2. Total Coliform
Total coliform bacteria are used to indicate the likelihood of pathogenic
bacteria in groundwater. The total coliform discharge limitations in this Order
for nonpotable uses are based on the definition of disinfected tertiary
recycled water in 22 CCR § 60301.230.
4.3. TDS, Chloride, Sulfate, and Boron
Human activities and land use practices can influence inorganic constituents
in groundwater. Abnormally high levels of inorganic constituents (such as
TDS, chloride, sulfate, and boron) can impair and preclude beneficial uses.
The discharge limitations for TDS, chloride, sulfate, and boron are
equivalent to the numeric mineral water quality objectives for the Santa
Monica Groundwater Basin in Table 3-13 of the Basin Plan. These final
effluent imitations are also within the secondary MCL “Consumer
Acceptance Contaminant Level Ranges” in 22 CCR § 64449 (for TDS,
chloride, and sulfate) and below the notification level for boron.
4.4. Nitrogen Compounds
High nitrate levels in drinking water can cause health problems in humans.
Infants are particularly sensitive and can develop methemoglobinemia (blue-
baby syndrome). Human activities and land use practices can also influence
the nitrogen concentration in groundwater. The discharge limitations in this
Order for nitrate, nitrite, and the sum of nitrate and nitrite are based on the
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regional objectives for groundwater in the Basin Plan and the MCLs for
nitrate, nitrite, and the sum of nitrate and nitrite in 22 CCR § 64431.
5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
5.1. Bypass, discharge, or delivery to the use area of inadequately treated
recycled water, at any time, is prohibited.
5.2. The recycling facility shall be adequately protected from inundation and
damage by storm flows.
5.3. Recycled water use or disposal shall not result in earth movement in
geologically unstable areas.
5.4. Adequate freeboard and/or protection shall be maintained in any recycled
water storage tanks, process tanks, and impoundments to ensure direct
rainfall will not cause overtopping.
5.5. The AWTF shall not be the source of pollution or nuisance at any time
outside the boundary of the facility, including odors that unreasonably affect
beneficial uses, odors injurious to health, or odors offensive to the senses of
members of the community.
5.6. The wastewater treatment and use of recycled water shall not result in
problems caused by breeding of mosquitoes, gnats, midges, or other pests.
5.7. The use of recycled water shall not impart tastes, odors, color, foaming, or
other objectionable characteristics to the receiving groundwater.
5.8. Recycled water shall not contain any substance in concentrations toxic to
human, animal, or plant life.
5.9. Odors of sewage origin shall not be perceivable beyond the limits of the
property owned or controlled by the City and/or recycled water user.
5.10. The City shall always properly operate and maintain all treatment facilities
and control systems (and related appurtenances) which are installed or
used by the City to achieve compliance with the conditions of this Order.
Proper operation and maintenance include effective performance, adequate
funding, adequate operator staffing and training, and adequate laboratory
and process controls (including appropriate quality assurance procedures).
5.11. A copy of these requirements shall be maintained at the AWTF and shall
always be available to operating personnel.
5.12. The City shall furnish each user of recycled water a copy of these
requirements and ensure that the requirements are maintained at the user's
facility and always available to operating personnel.
5.13. Supervisors and operators of this publicly owned wastewater treatment
facility shall possess a certificate of appropriate grade as specified in CCR,
title 23, Division 3, Chapter 26.
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5.14. For any material change or proposed change in character, location, or
volume of recycled water, or its uses, the City shall submit, at least 120
days prior to the proposed change, an engineering report or addendum to
the existing engineering report to the Los Angeles Water Board and DDW
(pursuant to CWC section 13522.5 and 22 CCR § 60323) for approval. The
Engineering Report shall be prepared by a qualified engineer registered in
California. This updated engineering report shall describe the current
treatment plant, the impacts on the recycled water operation, and contain
the operation and maintenance management plan, including a preventive
(fail-safe) procedure and contingency plan for controlling accidental
discharge and/or delivery to users of inadequately treated recycled water.
5.15. Climate Change Effects Vulnerability Assessment and Mitigation Plan
On March 07, 2017 the State Water Board adopted Resolution No. 2017-
0012 recognizing the challenges posed by climate change that require a
proactive approach in all State Water Board actions, including drinking
water regulation, water quality protection, and financial assistance. The
resolution lays the foundation for a response to climate change that is
integrated into all State Water Board actions by providing direction to the
State Water Board divisions and encouraging coordination with the regional
water boards. In addition to the State Water Board’s resolution (No. 2017-
0012, the Los Angeles Regional Water Board adopted Resolution No. R18-
004, “A Resolution to Prioritize Actions to Adapt to and Mitigate the Impacts
of Climate Change on the Los Angeles Region’s Water Resources and
Associated Beneficial Uses” on May 10, 2018. The resolution summarizes
the steps taken so far to address the impacts of climate change within the
Los Angeles Water Board’s programs and lists a series of steps to move
forward. These include the identification of potential regulatory adaptation
and mitigation measures that could be implemented on a short-term and
long-term basis by each of the Los Angeles Water Board’s programs to take
into account, and assist in mitigating where possible, the effects of climate
change on water resources and associated beneficial uses. This Order
contains provisions to require planning and actions to address climate
change impacts in accordance with both the State and Los Angeles Water
Board resolutions.
The City shall consider the impacts of climate change as they affect the
operation of the AWTF, the collection system, and the recycled water
distribution system due to flooding, wildfire, or other climate-related
changes. The City shall develop a Climate Change Effects Vulnerability
Assessment and Mitigation Plan (Climate Change Plan) to assess and
manage climate change-related effects that may impact the wastewater
treatment facility’s operation, water supplies, its collection system, and
water quality, including any projected changes to the influent water
temperature and pollutant concentrations, beneficial uses, as well as the
impact of rising sea level (where applicable). The Climate Change Plan is
due 12 months after the effective date of this Order.
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6. SPECIFICATIONS FOR USE OF RECYCLED WATER
6.1. The treated water from the AWTF may be used for the following nonpotable
uses:
6.1.1. Surface irrigation in the following areas:
• Food crops, including all edible root crops, where the recycled
water comes into contact with the edible portion of the crop;
• Parks and playgrounds;
• School yards;
• Residential and freeway landscaping;
• Unrestricted and restricted access golf courses;
• Cemeteries;
• Decorative fountains
• Ornamental nursery stock where the public is not restricted; and
• Other allowable irrigation applications specified in 22 CCR
provided approval from DDW and the Los Angeles Water Board
Executive Officer prior to delivery.
6.1.2. A dual-plumbed system may be used to deliver recycled water to
end users. The detailed dual-plumbed system requirements are
included in Section 8 of this Order.
6.2. Recycled water shall be managed in conformance with the applicable
regulations contained in 22 CCR.
6.3. Recycled water shall not be used for direct human consumption or for the
processing of food or drink intended for human consumption.
6.4. The delivery of recycled water to end users shall be subject to DDW
approval and/or its delegated local agency.
6.5. The recycled water shall not be used for any other uses than those specified
above unless an engineering report has been submitted for those uses and
has been approved in writing by the Executive Officer and DDW.
6.6. Recycled water shall be retained in the areas of use and shall not be
allowed to escape as surface flow except as authorized under an NPDES
permit.
7. USE AREA REQUIREMENTS
Use area is an area of recycled water use with defined boundaries, which may
contain one or more facilities where recycled water is used. The City shall ensure
that all users of recycled water comply with the following:
7.1. All use areas where recycled water is used that are accessible to the public
shall be posted with signs that are visible to the public no less than 4 inches
high by 8 inches wide that include the following wording, “RECYCLED
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WATER – DO NOT DRINK.” Each sign shall display an international symbol
to alert people who do not read English.
7.2. No physical connection shall be made or allowed to exist between any
recycled water piping and any piping conveying potable water, except as
allowed under 17 CCR § 7604.
7.3. The portions of the recycled water piping system that are in areas subject to
access by the general public shall not include any hose bibbs. Only quick
couplers that differ from those used on the potable water system shall be
used on the portions of the recycled water piping system in areas subject to
public access.
7.4. No impoundment or storage ponds containing disinfected recycled water
shall occur within 100 feet of any domestic water wells, potable water
reservoirs, and streams used as sources of water supply.
7.5. Whenever a cooling system uses recycled water in conjunction with an air
conditioning facility and utilizes a cooling tower or otherwise creates a mist
that could contact employees or members of the public, the cooling system
shall comply with the following:
7.5.1. A drift eliminator shall be used whenever the cooling system is in
operation.
7.5.2. Chlorine or another biocide shall be used to treat the cooling system
recirculating water to minimize the growth of Legionella and other
microorganisms.
7.6. No recycled water irrigation areas shall be located within 50 feet of any
domestic supply well unless all the following conditions have been met:
7.6.1. A geological investigation demonstrates that an aquitard exists at
the well between the uppermost aquifer being drawn from and the
ground surface;
7.6.2. The well contains an annular seal that extends from the surface into
the aquitard;
7.6.3. The well is housed to prevent any recycled water spray from
contacting the wellhead facilities;
7.6.4. The ground surface immediately around the wellhead is contoured
to allow surface water to drain away from the wellhead;
7.6.5. The owner of the well approves of the elimination of the buffer zone
requirement.
7.7. No irrigation shall take place within 50 feet of any reservoir or stream used
as a source of domestic drinking water.
7.8. Recycled water shall be applied at agronomic rates. Special precautions
must be taken to prevent clogging of spray nozzles, prevent over watering,
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and to minimize the production of runoff. Pipelines shall be maintained to
prevent leakage.
7.9. Any irrigation runoff shall be confined to the recycled water use area and
shall not be allowed to escape as surface flow, unless the runoff does not
pose a public health threat and is authorized under an NPDES permit,
Waste Discharge Requirements, a Conditional Waiver of Waste Discharge
Requirements for Irrigated Lands, or other orders issued by the State or
Los Angeles Water Board. For the purpose of this requirement, however,
minor amounts of irrigation return water from peripheral areas shall not be
considered a violation of this Order.
7.10. Spray, mist, or runoff shall not enter dwellings, designated outdoor eating
areas, or food handling facilities, and shall not contact any drinking water
fountain and public present. Drinking water fountains must be equipped
with hoods or covers.
7.11. Recycled water shall not be used for irrigation during periods of rainfall
and/or runoff.
7.12. All above-ground irrigation appurtenances need to be marked
appropriately.
7.13. The area using recycled water shall be inspected annually by the City.
7.14. Supervisors shall be appointed for the recycled water use areas and their
staff shall be trained on the hazards of working with recycled water and
periodically retrained.
7.15. The City shall maintain User Agreements and Ordinances with the potential
agricultural, industrial, and recreational users of recycled water. Copies of
the User Agreements and Ordinances shall be provided to the Los Angeles
Water Board and DDW for review within 90 days of the effective date of
this Order.
7.16. If the recycled water system lateral pipelines are located along the property
lines of homeowners, there may be a potential for cross connections. A
buffer zone between the recycled water lines and the property owners is
necessary. If the City cannot maintain adequate control of the recycled
water system pipelines, the pipelines need to be relocated or a physical
barrier needs to be installed to prevent cross connections, and the City
shall implement a public outreach program to inform the public.
7.17. For each new/proposed recycled water use area, a use site report that
addresses compliance with the use area requirements and includes results
of a completed shut-down test shall be submitted to the Los Angeles Water
Board and to DDW for approval.
7.18. The use and distribution of recycled water shall comply with DDW’s CCR,
title 22, Division 4, Chapter 3 - Water Recycling Criteria; and the CCR, title
17, Division 1, Chapter 5, Subchapter 1, Group 4, Cross-Connection
Control Requirements.
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7.19. All back-up/ auxiliary potable supplies shall discharge through approved
air-gaps or swivel-ell connections with approved backflow prevention on
the potable supply line. Back-up/auxiliary supply piping plans shall be
submitted and reviewed by DDW and/or its delegated local agency. A
certified tester shall test all backflow devices annually. Air gaps shall be at
least twice the pipe diameter and be located above ground. Swivel-ell
connections shall be controlled by the domestic water supplier. The use
site agreements shall include conditions that clarify the control and
operation of swivel-ell connections.
7.20. All recycled water pipelines and valves shall be installed with purple
identification tape or purple polyethylene vinyl wraps according to the
American Water Works Association’s (AWWA) California-Nevada Section
guidelines. Adequate separation of at least 4-foot horizontal and 1-foot
vertical separation shall be provided between recycled water lines and
domestic potable water lines.
7.21. Plans and maps showing domestic water lines and recycled water lines at
each use site shall be maintained. The lines shall be marked clearly and
labeled as domestic water lines and recycled water lines. Shut-down tests
may be needed to demonstrate that cross-connections do not exist.
7.22. Incidental runoff from landscape irrigation shall be controlled through the
following practices:
• Implementation of an operations and management plan that may apply
to multiple sites and provides for detection of leaks, (for example, from
broken sprinkler heads), and correction either within 72 hours of
learning of the runoff, or prior to the release of 1,000 gallons,
whichever occurs first,
• Proper design and aim of sprinkler heads,
• Refraining from application during precipitation events, and
• Management of any ponds containing recycled water such that no
discharge occurs unless the discharge is otherwise regulated pursuant
to an NPDES permit.
8. SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR DUAL-PLUMBED SYSTEMS
8.1. The public water supply shall not be used as a backup or supplemental
source of water for a dual-plumbed recycled water system unless the
connection between the two systems is protected by an air gap separation
which complies with the requirements of CCR title 17, sections 7602 (a)
and 7603 (a), and that such connection has been approved by DDW and/or
its delegated local agency.
8.2. The City shall not deliver recycled water to a facility using a dual-plumbed
system unless the report of recycled water use, required pursuant to CWC
section 13522.5, and which meets the requirements set forth in this Order,
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has been submitted and approved by DDW and/or its delegated local
agency. The Los Angeles Water Board shall be furnished with a copy of
DDW approval together with the aforementioned report within 30 days
following the approval.
8.3. The report of recycled water use, submitted pursuant to CWC section
13522.5, shall contain the following information for dual-plumbed systems,
in addition to the information required by 22 CCR § 60323 (Engineering
Report):
8.3.1. A detailed description of the intended use site identifying the
following:
• The number, location, and type of facilities within the use area
proposing to use dual-plumbed systems;
• The average daily number of persons estimated to be served by
each facility;
• The specific boundaries of the proposed use site including a
map showing the location of each facility to be served;
• The person or persons responsible for operation of the dual-
plumbed system at each facility; and,
• The specific use to be made of the recycled water at each
facility.
8.3.2. Plans and specifications describing the following:
• Proposed piping system to be used;
• Pipe locations of both the recycled and potable systems;
• Type and location of the outlets and plumbing fixtures that will
be accessible to the public; and,
• The methods and devices to be used to prevent backflow of
recycled water into the public water system.
8.3.3. The methods to be used by the City to assure that the installation
and operation of the dual-plumbed system will not result in cross
connections between the recycled water piping system and the
potable water piping system. These shall include a description of
pressure, dye or other test methods to be used to test the system
every four years.
8.3.4. Prior to the initial operation of the dual-plumbed recycled water
system and annually thereafter, the dual-plumbed system within
each facility and use site shall be inspected for possible cross
connections with the potable water system. The recycled water
system shall also be tested for possible cross connections at least
once every four years. The testing shall be conducted in
accordance with the method described in the report submitted
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ADOPTED: 02/11/21 30
pursuant to 22 CCR § 60314. The inspections and the testing shall
be performed by a cross connection control specialist certified by
the California-Nevada Section of the AWWA or an organization with
equivalent certification requirements. A written report documenting
the result of the inspection and testing for the prior year shall be
submitted to DDW within 30 days following completion of the
inspection or test.
8.3.5. The City shall notify DDW of any incidence of backflow from the
dual-plumbed recycled water system into the potable water system
within 24 hours of discovery of the incident.
8.3.6. Any backflow prevention device installed to protect the public water
system serving the dual-plumbed recycled water system shall be
inspected and maintained in accordance with CCR, title 17, section
7605.
9. DDW SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
The City shall comply with the requirements set forth in DDW’s conditional
acceptance letter to the Los Angeles Water Board dated August 19, 2020, as
listed below:
9.1. Prior to start of operation and delivery of recycled water, an Operations and
Maintenance Manual (OMM) shall be submitted to DDW for review and
acceptance. The OMM shall include at a minimum: process optimization,
alarm set points, diversion and off-spec contingencies, and instrument
calibration and maintenance.
9.2. The City shall submit an updated Engineering Report to DDW for review
and acceptance if any changes to the information provided in the current
report are considered in the future.
9.3. Sampling of the recycled water for total coliform bacteria shall be
conducted daily in accordance with 22 CCR § 60301.230.
9.4. Each ultraviolet (UV) disinfection train shall be operated independently to
deliver a minimum validated UV dose of 300 mJ/cm2 at all times.
9.5. Continuous turbidity monitoring in the recycled water shall be conducted in
accordance with the requirements specified in 22 CCR § 60301.320.
9.6. A monthly summary of operating records including analyses, records of
operational problems, plant and equipment breakdowns, and diversions to
emergency storage or disposal, and all corrective and preventative actions
taken shall be filed monthly with the Los Angeles Water Board as required
in 22 CCR § 60329.
9.7. At startup of the AWTF, the City shall conduct a demonstration of the
critical alarms that would trigger an immediate diversion to take place as
stated in the report. The City must notify DDW when this demonstration is
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SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ADOPTED: 02/11/21 31
scheduled to take place and DDW’s staff may witness the critical alarms
testing.
9.8. Prior to delivery of recycled water to any use sites not owned by the City,
the City shall develop and adopt enforceable rules and regulations that
cover design, construction, operation, maintenance, and control measures
of the recycled water use areas.
9.9. The City shall submit a supplementary Engineering Report along with all
necessary information and drawings for new recycled water use sites in the
future for review and acceptance by DDW.
9.10. Prior to delivery of recycled water to any dual-plumbed recycled water
systems, plans and specifications for any dual-plumbed facilities must be
submitted to DDW for review and acceptance in accordance with 22 CCR §
60314. The proposed plans and specifications must be in accordance with
the requirements in 22 CCR § 60313 through 60316.
10. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS
10.1. Irrigation of recycled water shall not cause or contribute to an exceedance
of the Basin Plan water quality objectives.
10.2. The City shall submit plans for proposed and as-built drawings for recycled
water projects to and obtain approval from DDW or its delegated local
health agency for each recycled water project. The AWWA Guidelines for
the Distribution of Non-Potable Water shall be followed, including
installation of purple pipe, adequate signs, etc. As-built drawings shall
show the final locations of the potable water, sewer, and recycled water
pipelines, and indicate adequate separation between the recycled water
and potable domestic water lines, both of which shall also be marked
clearly or labeled using separate colors for identification. In addition, a copy
of each application to DDW for a recycled water project shall be delivered
to the Los Angeles Water Board for inclusion in the administrative file with
the following information:
10.2.1. A description of each use area including, but not limited to, a
description of what will be irrigated (e.g., landscape, specific food
crop, etc.); method of irrigation (e.g., spray, flood, or drip); the
location of domestic water supply facilities adjacent to the use
areas; site containment measures; the party responsible for the
distribution and use of the recycled water at the site; and,
identification of other governmental entities which may have
regulatory jurisdiction over the reuse site(s); and,
10.2.2. A map showing specific areas of use, areas of public access,
surrounding land uses, the location and construction details of
wells in or near the use areas, the location and type of signage,
the degree of potential access by employees or the public, and
any exclusionary measures (e.g. fencing). The City shall submit to
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ADOPTED: 02/11/21 32
the Los Angeles Water Board a copy of the approved Recycled
Water Project for the recycled water distribution system and DDW
approval within 30 days of approval.
10.3. For any extension or expansion of the recycled water system or use areas
not covered by the 2020 Engineering Report, the City shall submit a report
detailing the extension or expansion plan for review and approval by DDW
or its delegated local health agency, and the Los Angeles Water Board.
The plan shall include, but not be limited to, the information specified in
Sections 10.2.1 and 10.2.2., above. Following construction, as-built
drawings shall be submitted to DDW or its delegated local health agency
for approval prior to delivery of recycled water. The City shall submit to the
Los Angeles Water Board a copy of the approved expansion plan and
DDW approval within 30 days of approval.
10.4. If the recycled water system lateral pipelines are located on an easement
contiguous to a homeowner’s private property and where there is a
reasonable probability that an illegal or accidental connection to the
recycled water line could be made, the City shall provide a buffer zone or
other necessary measures between the recycled water lines and the
easement to prevent any illegal or accidental connection to the recycled
water lines. The City shall notify homeowners about the recycled water
lateral and restrictions on usage of recycled water.
10.5. The City shall inspect the recycled water use areas on a periodic basis.
The City shall update the inspection schedule, based on the type of use
site, for approval by DDW within 90 days of the effective date of this Order.
An annual report including the findings of each inspection shall be
submitted to DDW, the County Health Department, and the Los Angeles
Water Board.
10.6. The City shall submit to the Los Angeles Water Board, signed under
penalty of perjury by the designated responsible party, technical self-
monitoring reports according to the specifications contained in the
Monitoring and Reporting Program, as may be amended by the Executive
Officer.
10.7. The City shall notify this Los Angeles Water Board and DDW, immediately
by telephone, of any confirmed coliform counts that could cause a violation
of the requirements. This information shall be confirmed in the following
monitoring report. For any actual coliform limit violation that occurred, the
report shall also include the cause(s) of the high coliform counts, the
corrective measures undertaken (including dates thereof), and the
preventive measures undertaken to prevent a recurrence.
10.8. This Order does not exempt the City from compliance with any other laws,
regulations, or ordinances which may be applicable; it does not legalize the
recycling and use facilities; and it leaves unaffected any further constraint
on the use of recycled water at certain site(s) that may be contained in
other statutes or required by other agencies.
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Packet Pg. 1816 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ADOPTED: 02/11/21 33
10.9. This Order does not alleviate the responsibility of the City to obtain other
necessary local, state, and federal permits to construct facilities necessary
for compliance with this Order; nor does this Order prevent imposition of
additional standards, requirements, or conditions by any other regulatory
agency. Expansion of the recycled water distribution facility shall be
contingent upon issuance of all necessary requirements and permits,
including a conditional use permit.
10.10. The City shall furnish, within a reasonable time, any information the Los
Angeles Water Board or DDW may request to determine whether cause
exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, or terminating this Order.
Upon request, the City shall also furnish the Los Angeles Water Board with
copies of records required to be kept under this Order for at least three
years.
10.11. This Order includes the attached Standard Provisions Applicable to Waste
Discharge Requirements (Attachment D). If there is any conflict between
the provisions stated in this Order and the Standard Provisions, the
provisions stated in this Order shall prevail.
10.12. This Order includes the attached Monitoring and Reporting Program No.
CI-10569 (Attachment E). If there is any conflict between provisions stated
in the Monitoring and Reporting Program and the Standard Provisions,
those provisions stated in the Monitoring and Reporting Program prevail.
10.13. In an enforcement action, it shall not be a defense for the City that it would
have been necessary to halt or to reduce the permitted activity in order to
maintain compliance with this Order. Upon reduction, loss, or failure of the
treatment facility, the City shall, to the extent necessary to maintain
compliance with this Order, control production or all discharges, or both,
until the facility is restored, or an alternative method of treatment is
provided. This provision applies, for example, when the primary source of
power of the treatment facility fails, is reduced, or is lost.
11. REOPENER
11.1. This Order may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated for
cause, including but not limited to: (1) failure to comply with any condition
in this Order, (2) endangerment of human health or environment resulting
from the permitted activities in this Order, (3) obtaining this Order by
misrepresentation or failure to disclose all relevant facts, or (4) new
information that justifies the application of different conditions. The filing of
a request by the City for modification, revocation and reissuance, or
termination of the Order or a notification of planned changes or anticipated
noncompliance does not stay any condition of this Order.
11.2. This Order may be reopened to include the most scientifically relevant and
appropriate limitations for this discharge, including a revised Basin Plan
limit based on monitoring results, studies, or other Board policy, or the
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Packet Pg. 1817 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ADOPTED: 02/11/21 34
application of an attenuation factor based upon an approved site-specific
attenuation study.
11.3. This Order may be reopened to modify limitations for constituents to protect
beneficial uses, based on new information not available at the time this
Order was adopted.
11.4. If after additional monitoring, reporting, and trend analysis documenting
changed aquifer conditions, this Order may be reopened to ensure the
groundwater is protected in a manner consistent with the state and federal
water quality laws and regulations.
11.5. This Order may be reopened to incorporate any new regulatory
requirements for sources of drinking water that are adopted after the
effective date of this Order.
11.6. This Order may be reopened upon a determination by DDW that treatment
and disinfection of recycled water is insufficient to protect human health.
12. ENFORCEMENT
12.1. The requirements of this Order are subject to enforcement under Water
Code sections 13261, 13264, 13265, 13268, 13300, 13301, 13304, 13350,
and enforcement provisions in Water Code, Division 7, Chapter 7 (Water
Reclamation).
12.2. The City is subject to the terms and conditions of this Order.
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1818 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT A – DEFINITIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) A-1
ATTACHMENT A – DEFINITIONS
Added Tracer
A non-reactive substance, with measurable characteristics distinctly different from the
receiving groundwater, intentionally added to the water applied at a GRRP for the
purpose of being a tracer such that the tracer can be readily identified in the
groundwater downgradient of the GRRP to determine the underground retention time of
the applied water.
Advanced Treated Recycled Water
In this permit, it refers to the treated recycled water produced by the Advanced Water
Treatment Facility (AWTF).
Agronomic Rate
The rate of application of recycled water to plants necessary to satisfy the plants'
evapotranspiration requirements, considering allowances for supplemental water (e.g.,
effective precipitation), irrigation distribution uniformity, and leaching requirement, thus
minimizing the movement of nutrients below the plants' root zone.
Arithmetic Mean (μ)
Also called the average, is the sum of measured values divided by the number of
samples.
Average Monthly Effluent Limitation (AMEL)
The highest allowable average of daily discharges over a calendar month, calculated as
the sum of all daily discharges measured during the calendar month divided by the
number of daily discharges measured during that month.
Average Weekly Effluent Limitation (AWEL)
The highest allowable average of daily discharges over a calendar week (Sunday
through Saturday), calculated as the sum of all daily discharges measured during a
calendar week divided by the number of daily discharges measured during that week.
Coagulated Wastewater
Oxidized wastewater in which colloidal and finely divided suspended matter have been
destabilized and agglomerated upstream from a filter by the addition of suitable floc-
forming chemicals.
Composite Sample, 24-hour
An aggregate sample derived from no fewer than eight samples collected at equal time
intervals or collected proportional to the flow rate over the compositing period. The
aggregate sample shall reflect the average source water quality covering the composite
24-hour sample period.
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1819 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT A – DEFINITIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) A-2
Conventional Treatment
A treatment chain that utilizes a sedimentation unit process between the coagulation
and filtration processes and produces an effluent that meets the definition for disinfected
tertiary recycled water.
Daily Discharge
Daily Discharge is defined as either: (1) the total mass of a constituent discharged over
the calendar day (12:00 am through 11:59 pm) or any 24-hour period that reasonably
represents a calendar day for purposes of sampling (as specified in the permit), for a
constituent with limitations expressed in units of mass or; (2) the unweighted arithmetic
mean measurement of the constituent over the day for a constituent with limitations
expressed in other units of measurement (e.g., concentration).
The daily discharge may be determined by the analytical results of a composite sample
taken over the course of one day (a calendar day or other 24-hour period defined as a
day) or by the arithmetic mean of analytical results from one or more grab samples
taken over the course of the day.
For composite sampling, if 1 day is defined as a 24-hour period other than a calendar
day, the analytical result for the 24-hour period will be considered as the result for the
calendar day in which the 24-hour period ends.
Detected, but Not Quantified (DNQ)
DNQ are those sample results less than the RL, but greater than or equal to the
laboratory’s MDL. Sample results reported as DNQ are estimated concentrations.
Diluent Water
“Diluent Water” means water, meeting the diluent requirements of chapter 3, division 4
of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations, used for reducing the recycled
municipal wastewater contribution over time.
Disinfected Secondary-2.2
Recycled water that has been oxidized and disinfected so that the median concentration
of total coliform bacteria in the disinfected effluent does not exceed a most probable
number (MPN) of 2.2 per 100 milliliters utilizing the bacteriological results of the last
seven days for which analyses have been completed, and the number of coliform
organisms does not exceed an MPN of 23 per 100 milliliters in more than one sample in
any 30-day period.
Disinfected Tertiary Recycled Water
A filtered and subsequently disinfected wastewater that meets the following criteria:
(a) The filtered wastewater which has been disinfected by either:
(1) A chlorine disinfection process following filtration that provides a contact time
(CT, the product of total chlorine residual and modal contact time measured
at the same point) value of not less than 450 milligram-minutes per liter at all
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Packet Pg. 1820 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT A – DEFINITIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) A-3
times with a modal contact time of at least 90 minutes, based on peak dry
weather design flow; or
(2) A disinfection process that, when combined with the filtration process, has
been demonstrated to inactivate and/or remove 99.999 percent of the plaque
forming units of F-specific bacteriophage MS2, or polio virus in the
wastewater. A virus that is at least as resistant to disinfection as polio virus
may be used for purposes of the demonstration.
(b) The median concentration of total coliform bacteria measured in the disinfected
effluent does not exceed an MPN of 2.2 per 100 milliliters utilizing the
bacteriological results of the last seven days for which analyses have been
completed and the number of total coliform bacteria does not exceed an MPN of
23 per 100 milliliters in more than one sample in any 30-day period. No sample
exceeds an MPN of 240 total coliform bacteria per 100 milliliters.
Dual-Plumbed System
A system that utilizes separate piping systems for recycled water and potable water
within a facility and where the recycled water is used for either of the following
purposes:
(a) To serve plumbing outlets (excluding fire suppression systems) within a building
or
(b) Outdoor landscape irrigation at individual residences.
Estimated Chemical Concentration
The estimated chemical concentration that results from the confirmed detection of the
substance by the analytical method below the ML value.
Filtered Wastewater
An oxidized wastewater that meets the criteria in subsection (a) or (b):
(a) Has been coagulated and passed through natural undisturbed soils or a bed of
filter media pursuant to the following:
(1) At a rate that does not exceed 5 gallons per minute per square foot of
surface area in mono, dual or mixed media gravity, upflow or pressure
filtration systems, or does not exceed 2 gallons per minute per square foot of
surface area in travelling automatic backwash filters; and
(2) So that the turbidity of the filtered wastewater does not exceed any of the
following:
i An average 2 NTU within a 24-hour period;
ii 5 NTU more than 5 percent of the time within a 24-hour period; and
iii 10 NTU at any time.
(b) Has been passed through a microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, or reverse
osmosis membrane so that the turbidity of the filtered wastewater does not
exceed any of the following:
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Packet Pg. 1821 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
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SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT A – DEFINITIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) A-4
(1) 0.2 NTU more than 5 percent of the time within a 24-hour period; and
(2) 0.5 NTU at any time.
F-specific bacteriophage MS-2
A strain of a specific type of virus that infects coliform bacteria that is traceable to the
American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 15597B1) and is grown on lawns of E. Coli
(ATCC 15597).
Grab Sample
An individual sample collected during a period not to exceed 15 minutes. Grab samples
shall be collected during normal peak loading conditions for the parameter of interest,
which may or may not occur during hydraulic peaks.
Groundwater Replenishment Reuse Project or GRRP
A project involving the planned use of recycled municipal wastewater that is operated
for the purpose of replenishing a groundwater basin designated in the Water Quality
Control Plan (as defined in Water Code section 13050(j)) for use as a source of
municipal and domestic water supply.
Haloacetic Acids, Total
The sum of monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid,
monobromoacetic acid, and dibromoacetic acid.
Indicator Compound
An individual chemical in a GRRP's municipal wastewater that represents the physical,
chemical, and biodegradable characteristics of a specific family of trace organic
chemicals; is present in concentrations that provide information relative to the
environmental fate and transport of those chemicals; may be used to monitor the
efficiency of trace organic compounds removal by treatment processes; and provides an
indication of treatment process failure.
Incidental Runoff
Unintended small amounts (volume) of runoff from recycled water use areas, such as
unintended, minimal over-spray from sprinklers that escapes the recycled water use
area.
Instantaneous Maximum Effluent Limitation
The highest allowable value for any single grab sample or aliquot (i.e., each grab
sample or aliquot is independently compared to the instantaneous maximum limitation).
Instantaneous Minimum Effluent Limitation
The lowest allowable value for any single sample or aliquot (i.e., each grab sample or
aliquot is independently compared to the instantaneous minimum limitation).
Intrinsic Tracer
A substance or attribute present in the recharge water at levels different from the
receiving groundwater such that the substance in the water applied at the GRRP can be
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Packet Pg. 1822 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT A – DEFINITIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) A-5
distinctly and sufficiently detected in the groundwater downgradient of the GRRP to
determine the underground retention time of the water.
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)
The maximum permissible concentration of a contaminant established pursuant to
section 116275(c)(1) and (d) of the Health and Safety Code or established by the United
States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).
Maximum Daily Effluent Limitation (MDEL)
The highest allowable daily discharge of a pollutant over a calendar day (or 24-hour
period). For pollutants with limitations expressed in units of mass, the daily discharge is
calculated as the total mass of the pollutant discharged over the day. For pollutants with
limitations expressed in other units of measurement, the daily discharge is calculated as
the arithmetic mean measurement of the pollutant over the day.
Median
The middle measurement in a set of data. The median of a data set is found by first
arranging the measurements in order of magnitude (either increasing or decreasing
order). If the number of measurements (n) is odd, then the median = X(n+1)/2. If n is
even, then the median = (Xn/2 + X(n/2) + 1)/2 (i.e., the midpoint between the n/2 and
n/2+1).
Method Detection Limit
MDL is the minimum concentration of a substance that can be reported with 99 percent
confidence that the measured concentration is distinguishable from method blank
results.
Minimum Level (ML)
The concentration at which the entire analytical system must give a recognizable signal
and acceptable calibration point. The ML is the concentration in a sample that is
equivalent to the concentration of the lowest calibration standard analyzed by a specific
analytical procedure, assuming that all the method specified sample weights, volumes,
and processing steps have been followed.
Minimum Reporting Level (MRL)
The smallest measured concentration of a substance that can be reliably measured by
using a given analytical method. It is the “less-than” value reported when an analyte
either is not detected or is detected at a concentration less than the MRL.
Modal Contact Time
The amount of time elapsed between the time that a tracer, such as salt or dye, is
injected into the effluent at the entrance to a chamber and the time that the highest
concentration of the tracer is observed in the effluent from the chamber.
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Packet Pg. 1823 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT A – DEFINITIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) A-6
Nitrogen, Total
The sum of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and organic nitrogen-containing compounds,
expressed as nitrogen.
Not Detected (ND)
Sample results which are less than the laboratory’s MDL.
Notification Level (NL)
The concentration of a contaminant established by the Department pursuant to section
116455 of the Health and Safety Code.
NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit)
A measurement of turbidity as determined by the ratio of the intensity of light scattered
by the sample to the intensity of incident light scattered by the sample to the intensity of
incident light as measured by method 2130 B. in Standard Methods for the Examination
of Water and Wastewater, 20th ed.; Eaton, A.D., Clesceri, L.S., and Greenberg, A.E.,
Eds; American Public Health Association: Washington, DC, 1995; p.2-8.
Oxidized Wastewater
Wastewater in which the organic matter has been stabilized, is nonputrescible, and
contains dissolved oxygen.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
The sum of chlorinated biphenyls whose analytical characteristics resemble those of
Arochlor-1016, Arochlor-1221, Arochlor-1232, Arochlor-1242, Arochlor-1248, Arochlor-
1254, and Arochlor-1260.
Recharge Water
Recycled municipal wastewater, or the combination of recycled municipal wastewater
and credited diluent water, which is utilized by a GRRP for groundwater replenishment.
Recycled Municipal Wastewater
Recycled water that is the effluent from the treatment of wastewater of municipal origin.
Recycled Municipal Wastewater Contribution or RWC
The fraction equal to the quantity of recycled municipal wastewater applied at the GRRP
divided by the sum of the quantity of recycled municipal wastewater and credited diluent
water.
Recycled Water
Water which, as a result of treatment of waste, is suitable for a direct beneficial use or a
controlled use that would not otherwise occur therefore considered a valuable resource.
(Wat. Code, § 13050(n).)
Running Annual Average
The arithmetic mean, calculated quarterly, of the monitoring results from the previous
four consecutive quarters. If no sample was collected during a quarter or a result for a
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Packet Pg. 1824 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT A – DEFINITIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) A-7
quarter is not available, only available data shall be used in the calculation of the
running annual average.
Running Four-Week Average
The arithmetic mean, calculated weekly, of the monitoring results from the previous four
consecutive weekly sample results.
Spray Irrigation
The application of recycled water to plants to maintain vegetation or support growth of
vegetation by applying it from sprinklers.
Subsurface Application
The application of recharge water to a groundwater basin(s) by a means other than
surface application.
Surface Irrigation
Application of recycled water by means other than spraying such that contact between
the edible portion of any food crop and recycled water is prevented (i.e., drip or flood
irrigation).
Surrogate Parameter
A measurable physical or chemical property that has been demonstrated to provide a
direct correlation with the concentration of an indicator compound, can be used to
monitor the efficiency of trace organic compounds removal by a treatment process,
and/or provides an indication of a treatment process failure.
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
The concentration of organic carbon present in water.
Trihalomethanes, Total
The sum of Bromodichloromethane, Bromoform, Chloroform, and Dibromochloromethane.
Use Area
An area of recycled water use with defined boundaries. Agricultural use areas may
contain one or more facilities (ditch, irrigated fields, pumping stations, etc); use areas
may also consist of an aggregate of small lots (e.g., residential/ industrial developments,
roadway median irrigation, etc.).
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1825 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT B (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) B-1
ATTACHMENT B – SWIP PROJECT FLOW DIAGRAM
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1826 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT C (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) C-1
ATTACHMENT C1 – AWTF PROCESS FLOWDIAGRAM
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1827 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT C (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) C-2
ATTACHMENT C2 – RECYCLED WATER DISTRIBUTION AREA
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1828 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT C (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) C-3
ATTACHMENT C3 – SANTA MONICA GROUNDWATER SUBBASINS
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1829 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT D – STANDARD PROVISIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) D-1
ATTACHMENT D - STANDARD PROVISIONS
STANDARD PROVISIONS
APPLICABLE TO WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS
1. Duty to Comply
The Permittee shall comply with all conditions of these waste discharge
requirements. A responsible party has been designated in the Order for this
project and is legally bound to maintain the monitoring program and permit.
Violations may result in enforcement actions, including Los Angeles Water Board
orders or court orders requiring corrective action or imposing civil monetary
liability, or in modification or revocation of these waste discharge requirements by
the Los Angeles Water Board (CWC sections 13261, 13263, 13265, 13268,
13300, 13301, 13304, 13340, 13350). Failure to comply with any waste discharge
requirement, monitoring and reporting requirement, or other order or prohibition
issued, reissued, or amended by the Los Angeles Water Board or State Water
Board is a violation of these waste discharge requirements and the Water Code,
which can result in the imposition of civil liability. (CWC section 13350, subdivision
(a)).
2. General Prohibition
Neither the treatment nor the discharge of waste shall create a pollution,
contamination or nuisance, as defined by CWC section 13050. In addition, the
discharge of waste classified as hazardous, as defined in 23 CCR 2521(a), is also
prohibited.
3. Availability
A copy of these waste discharge requirements shall be maintained at the
discharge facility and be available at all times to operating personnel (CWC
section 13263).
4. Change in Ownership
The Permittee shall notify any succeeding owner or operator of the existence of
this Order by letter, a copy of which shall be forwarded to the Los Angeles Water
Board. The Permittee shall notify the Los Angeles Water Board, in writing, at least
60 days in advance of ownership change and provide a date on which the transfer
of this Order’s responsibility and coverage will go from the current discharger to
the new discharger. The notification shall include an agreement between the
parties to transfer responsibility for compliance with the Order. The agreement
shall include an acknowledgement that the existing discharger is liable for
violations up to the transfer date and that the new discharger is liable from the
transfer date forward. The succeeding owner of operator shall submit a Report of
Waste Discharge that requests an amendment to formally amend the Order to
acknowledge the transfer.
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1830 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT D – STANDARD PROVISIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) D-2
5. Change in Discharge
In the event of a material change in the character, location, or volume of a
discharge, the Permittee shall file with the Los Angeles Water Board a new Report
of Waste Discharge (CWC section 13260, subdivision (c)). A material change
includes, but is not limited to, the following:
5.1. Addition of a major industrial waste discharge to a discharge of essentially
domestic sewage, or the addition of a new process or product by an
industrial facility resulting in a change in the character of the waste.
5.2. Significant change in disposal method, e.g., change from a land disposal
to a direct discharge to water, or change in the method of treatment which
would significantly alter the characteristics of the waste.
5.3. Significant change in the disposal area, e.g., moving the discharge to
another drainage area, to a different water body, or to a disposal area
significantly removed from the original area potentially causing different
water quality or nuisance problems.
5.4. Increase in flow beyond that specified in the waste discharge
requirements.
5.5. Increase in area or depth to be used for solid waste disposal beyond that
specified in the waste discharge requirements (23 CCR § 2210).
6. Revision
These waste discharge requirements are subject to review and revision by the
Los Angeles Water Board (CWC section 13263).
7. Notification
Where the Permittee becomes aware that it failed to submit any relevant facts in a
Report of Waste Discharge or submitted incorrect information in a Report of
Waste Discharge or in any report to the Los Angeles Water Board, it shall
promptly submit such facts or information (CWC sections 13260 and 13267).
8. Vested Rights
This Order does not convey any property rights of any sort or any exclusive
privileges. The requirements prescribed herein do not authorize the commission
of any act causing injury to persons or property, do not protect the Permittee from
his liability under Federal, State or local laws, nor do they create a vested right for
the Permittee to continue the waste discharge (CWC section 13263 subdivision
(g)).
9. Severability
Provisions of these waste discharge requirements are severable. If any provision
of these requirements is found invalid, the remainder of these requirements shall
not be affected (CWC section 921).
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1831 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT D – STANDARD PROVISIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) D-3
10. Operation and Maintenance
The Permittee shall, at all times, properly operate and maintain all facilities and
systems of treatment and control (and related appurtenances) which are installed
or used by the Permittee to achieve compliance with conditions of this Order.
Proper operation and maintenance includes effective performance, adequate
funding, adequate operator staffing and training, and adequate laboratory and
process controls including appropriate quality assurance procedures. This
provision requires the operation of backup or auxiliary facilities or similar systems
only when necessary to achieve compliance with the conditions of this Order
(CWC section 13263, subdivision (f)).
11. Hazardous Releases
Except for a discharge which is in compliance with these waste discharge
requirements, any person who, without regard to intent or negligence, causes or
permits any hazardous substance or sewage to be discharged in or on any waters
of the State, or discharged or deposited where it is, or probably will be, discharged
in or on any waters of the State, shall, as soon as (a) that person has knowledge
of the discharge, (b) notification is possible, and (c) notification can be provided
without substantially impeding cleanup or other emergency measures,
immediately notify the Office of Emergency Services of the discharge in
accordance with the spill reporting provision of the State toxic disaster
contingency plan adopted pursuant to Article 3.7 (commencing with section
8574.16) of the Government Code, and immediately notify the State Water Board
or the appropriate Los Angeles Water Board of the discharge. This provision does
not require reporting of any discharge of less than a reportable quantity as
provided for under subdivisions (f) and (g) of CWC section 13271 unless the
discharge is in violation of a prohibition in the applicable Water Quality Control
Plan (CWC section 13271, subdivision (a)).
12. Oil or Petroleum Releases
Except for a discharge which is in compliance with these waste discharge
requirements, any person who without regard to intent or negligence, causes or
permits any oil or petroleum product to be discharged in or on any waters of the
State, or discharged or deposited where it is, or probably will be, discharged in or
on any water of the State, shall, as soon as (a) such person has knowledge of the
discharge, (b) notification is possible, and (c) notification can be provided without
substantially impeding cleanup or other emergency measures, immediately notify
the Office of Emergency Services of the discharge in accordance with the spill
reporting provision of the State oil spill contingency plan adopted pursuant to
Article 3.5 (commencing with section 8574.1) of the Chapter 7, Division 1, of Title
2 of the Government Code. This provision does not require reporting of any
discharge of less than 42 gallons unless the discharge is also required to be
reported pursuant to Section 311 of the Clean Water Act or the discharge is in
violation of a prohibition in the applicable Water Quality Control Plan (CWC
section 13272).
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1832 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT D – STANDARD PROVISIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) D-4
13. Entry and Inspection
The Permittee shall allow the Los Angeles Water Board, or an authorized
representative upon the presentation of credentials and other documents as may
be required by law, to:
13.1. Enter upon the Permittee’s processes where a regulated facility or activity
is located or conducted, or where records shall be kept under the
conditions of this Order;
13.2. Have access to and copy at reasonable times, any records that shall be
kept under the conditions of this Order;
13.3. Inspect at reasonable times any facilities, equipment (including monitoring
and control equipment), practices, or operations regulated or required
under this Order; and
13.4. Sample or monitor at reasonable times, for the purposes of assuring
compliance with this Order, or as otherwise authorized by the California
Water Code, any substances or parameters at any location (CWC section
13267).
13.5. Except for material determined to be confidential in accordance with
applicable law, all reports prepared in accordance with the terms of this
Order shall be available for public inspection at the Los Angeles Water
Board office. Data on waste discharges, water quality, geology, and
hydrogeology shall not be considered confidential.
14. Monitoring Program and Devices
The Permittee shall furnish, under penalty of perjury, technical monitoring
program reports; such reports shall be submitted in accordance with specifications
prepared by the Executive Officer, which specifications are subject to periodic
revisions as may be warranted (CWC section 13267).
All monitoring instruments and devices used by the discharger to fulfill the
prescribed monitoring program shall be properly maintained and calibrated as
necessary to ensure their continued accuracy. All flow measurement devices shall
be calibrated at least once per year, or more frequently, to ensure continued
accuracy of the devices. Annually, the Permittee shall submit to the Executive
Officer a written statement, signed by a registered professional engineer,
certifying that all flow measurement devices have been calibrated and will reliably
achieve the accuracy required.
The analysis of any material required pursuant to Division 7 of the Water Code
shall be performed by a laboratory that has accreditation or certification pursuant
to Article 3 (commencing with section 100825) of Chapter 4, Part 1, Division 101
of the Health and Safety Code. However, this requirement does not apply field
tests, such as tests of color, odor, turbidity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen,
conductivity, and disinfectant residual chlorine (CWC, section 1376).
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1833 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT D – STANDARD PROVISIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) D-5
Unless otherwise permitted by the Los Angeles Water Board Executive Officer, all
analyses shall be conducted at a laboratory certified for such analyses by the
State Water Resources Control Board, Division of Drinking Water. All analyses
shall be required to be conducted in accordance with the latest edition of
“Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for Analysis of Pollutants” (40 CFR §
136) promulgated by the USEPA (23 CCR § 2230). The Quality Assurance-
Quality Control Program must conform with the USEPA guidelines, “Laboratory
Documentation Requirements for Data Validation,” January 1990, USEPA Region
9) or procedures approved by the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control
Board.
All Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) analyses must be run on the
same dates when samples were actually analyzed. All QA/QC data shall be
reported, along with the sample results to which they apply, including the method,
equipment, analytical detection and quantification limits, percent recovery, and an
explanation for any recovery that falls outside the QC limits, the results of the
method and equipment blanks, the results of spiked and surrogate samples, the
frequency of quality control analysis, and the name and qualifications of the
person(s) performing the analyses. Sample results shall be reported unadjusted
for blank results or spike recoveries. In cases where contaminants are detected in
QA/QC samples (e.g. filed, trip, or lab blanks), the accompanying sample results
shall be appropriately flagged.
The Permittee shall make all QA/QC data available for inspection by Los Angeles
Water Board staff and submit the QA/QC documentation with its respective
monitoring report. Proper chain of custody procedures must be followed, and a
copy of that documentation shall be submitted with the monitoring report.
15. Treatment Failure
In an enforcement action, it shall not be a defense for the Permittee that it would
have been necessary to halt or to reduce the permitted activity in order to
maintain compliance with this Order. Upon reduction, loss, or failure of the
treatment facility, the Permittee shall, to the extent necessary to maintain
compliance with this Order, control production or all discharges, or both, until the
facility is restored, or an alternative method of treatment is provided. This
provision applies, for example, when the primary source of power of the treatment
facility fails, is reduced, or is lost (CWC section 13263, subdivision (f)).
16. Discharge to Navigable Waters
Any person discharging or proposing to discharge to navigable waters of the
United States within the jurisdiction of this state or a person who discharges
dredged or fill material or proposes to discharge dredged or fill material into
navigable waters of the United States within jurisdiction of this state, shall file a
report of waste discharge in compliance with the procedures set forth in CWC
section 13260 (CWC section 13376).
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1834 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT D – STANDARD PROVISIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) D-6
17. Endangerment to Health and Environment
The Permittee shall report any noncompliance which may endanger health or the
environment. Any such information shall be provided verbally to the Executive
Officer within 24 hours from the time the Permittee becomes aware of the
circumstances. A written submission shall also be provided within five days of the
time the Permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. The written submission
shall contain a description and times, and if the noncompliance has not been
corrected; the anticipated time it is expected to continue and steps taken or
planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent recurrence of the noncompliance. The
Executive Officer, or an authorized representative, may waive the written report
on a case-by-case basis if the oral report has been received within 24 hours. The
following occurrence(s) shall be reported to the Executive Officer within 24 hours:
17.1. Any bypass from any portion of the treatment facility;
17.2. Any discharge of treated or untreated wastewater resulting from sewer line
breaks, obstruction, surcharge or any other circumstances; and,
17.3. Any treatment plant upset which causes the effluent limitation of this order
to be exceeded (CWC sections 13263 and 13267).
18. Maintenance of Records
The Permittee shall retain records of all monitoring information including all
calibration and maintenance records, all original strip chart recordings for
continuous monitoring instrumentation, copies of all reports required by this Order,
and records of all data used to complete the application for this Order. Records
shall be maintained for a minimum of three years from the date of the sample,
measurement, report, or application. This period may be extended during the
course of any unresolved litigation regarding this discharge or when requested by
the Los Angeles Water Board Executive Officer.
Records of monitoring information shall include:
18.1. The date, exact place, and time of sampling or measurements;
18.2. The individual(s) who performed the sampling or measurements;
18.3. The date(s) analyses were performed;
18.4. The individual(s) who performed the analyses;
18.5. The analytical techniques or method used; and
18.6. The results of such analyses.
19. Signatory Requirement
19.1. All application reports or information to be submitted to the Executive
Officer shall be signed and certified as follows:
19.1.1. For a corporation – by a principle executive officer or at least the
level of vice president.
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1835 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT D – STANDARD PROVISIONS (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) D-7
19.1.2. For a partnership or sole proprietorship – by a general partner or
the proprietor, respectively.
19.1.3. For a municipality, state, federal or other public agency – by either
a principal executive officer or ranking elected official.
19.2. A duly authorized representative of a person designated in paragraph (a) of
this provision may sign documents if:
19.2.1. The authorization is made in writing by a person described in
paragraph (a) of this provision.
19.2.2. The authorization specifies either an individual or position having
responsibility for the overall operation of the regulated facility or
activity.
19.2.3. The written authorization is submitted to the Executive Officer.
Any person signing a document under this section shall make the following
certification:
“I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and am familiar
with the information submitted in this document and all attachments and that,
based on my inquiry of those individuals immediately responsible for obtaining
the information, I believe that the information is true, accurate, and complete. I
am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information,
including the possibility of fine and imprisonment. [CWC Sections 13263,
13267, and 13268].”
20. Operator Certification
Supervisors and operators of water recycling treatment plants shall possess a
certificate of appropriate grade in accordance with 23 CCR § 3680. State Water
Boards may accept experience in lieu of qualification training (23 CCR § 3680). In
lieu of a properly certified wastewater treatment plant operator, the State Water
Board may approve use of a water treatment plant operator of appropriate grade
certified by the State Department of Public Health where reclamation is involved (23
CCR § 3670.2).
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1836 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-1
ATTACHMENT E – MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM (MRP) CI-10569
CONTENTS
1. GENERAL MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS ........................ 2
2. DDW MONITORING REQUIRMENTS .................................................................. 5
3. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................... 5
4. USE AREA MONITORING .................................................................................. 11
5. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................... 12
6. REPORT SUBMITTAL DATES ........................................................................... 17
7. CERTIFICATION STATEMENT .......................................................................... 18
8. OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL ................................................. 18
9. CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
PLAN ............... …………………………………………………………………………18
TABLES
TABLE E1. MONITORING LOCATIONS ......................................................................... 5
TABLE E2. INFLUENT MONITORING ............................................................................ 6
TABLE E3. RECYCLED WATER MONITORING ............................................................ 7
TABLE E4. PRIORITY POLLUTANTS ............................................................................ 8
TABLE E5. USE AREA MONITORING ......................................................................... 11
TABLE E6. DUAL-PLUMBED SYSTEMS TESTING/MONITORING ............................. 16
TABLE E7. MONITORING PERIODS AND REPORTING SCHEDULE ........................ 17
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1837 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-2
ATTACHMENT E - MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM (MRP) CI-10569
This Monitoring and Reporting Program is issued by the Regional Water Quality Control
Board, Los Angeles Region (Los Angeles Water Board) pursuant to California Water
Code (CWC) section 13267(b)(1), which authorizes the Los Angeles Water Board to
require the submittal of technical and monitoring reports. The reports required by this
MRP are necessary to ensure compliance with Waste Discharge Requirements (WDRs)
and Water Reclamation Requirements (WRRs) Order No. R4-2021-0044 for the Santa
Monica Advanced Water Treatment Facility (AWTF). The City of Santa Monica (City or
Permittee) owns and operates the AWTF and the recycled water distribution system,
respectively, and is therefore, responsible for compliance with this Order. The City shall
implement this MRP on the effective date of this Order. Failure to comply with this MRP
could result in the imposition of monetary civil liability pursuant to Division 7 of the
California Water Code and other applicable laws.
1. GENERAL MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1.1. The Permittee shall monitor the following according to the manner and
frequency specified in this MRP:
1.1.1. Influent to the Advanced Water Treatment Facility (AWTF).
1.1.2. Advanced treated recycled water.
1.2. Monitoring reports shall include, but are not limited to, the following:
• Analytical results.
• Location of each sampling station where representative samples are
obtained.
• Analytical test methods used and the corresponding minimum reporting
levels (MRLs).
• Name(s) of the laboratory that conducted the analyses.
• Copy of laboratory certifications by the State Water Resources Control
Board, Division of Drinking Water’s (DDW) Environmental Laboratory
Accreditation Program (ELAP).
• A summary of quality assurance and control (QA/QC) measures,
including documentation of chain of custody.
• Applicable Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs), Notification Levels
(NLs), response levels, or DDW conditions or advanced treated recycled
water discharge limits.
• A summary of noncompliance during the monitoring period.
1.3. The City shall have written sampling protocols in place. The sampling
protocols shall also include the procedures for handling, storing, testing, and
disposing of purge and decontamination waters generated from the sampling
events.
1.4. The City shall notify this Los Angeles Water Board and DDW by telephone
(Steven Webb at (213) 576-6793 and Saeed Hafeznezami at (818) 551-2972)
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1838 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-3
or electronic means (losangeles@waterboards.ca.gov and
DDWRegion4@waterboards.ca.gov) within 24 hours of knowledge of any
violations of this Order that may endanger human health or the environment.
Written confirmation shall be submitted within 5 working days from the date of
notification. The report shall include, but shall not be limited to the following
information:
• The nature and extent of the violation;
• The date and time when the violation started; when compliance was
achieved; and, when distribution of recycled water was suspended and
restored, as applicable;
• The duration of the violation;
• The cause(s) of the violation;
• Any corrective and/or remedial actions that have been taken and/or will
be taken with a time schedule for implementation to prevent future
violations; and,
• Any impact of the violation.
1.5. Samples shall be analyzed using analytical methods described in Section 141
of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations (40 CFR § 141); or where no
methods are specified for a given pollutant, by methods approved by DDW,
the Los Angeles Water Board and/or the State Water Board, the City shall
select the analytical methods that provide Minimum Reporting Levels (MRLs)
lower than the limits prescribed in this Order or as low as possible that will
provide reliable data.
1.6. Analyses for chemicals other than those with primary MCLs and secondary
MCLs, the City shall select methods based on the following approach:
1.6.1. Use the drinking water methods or wastewater methods sufficient to
evaluate all water quality objectives and protect all beneficial uses.
1.6.2. Use DDW-recommended methods for unregulated chemicals, if
available.
1.6.3. If there is no DDW-recommended drinking water method for a
chemical, and more than a single United States Environmental
Protection Agency (USEPA)-approved method is available, use the
most sensitive of the USEPA-approved method.
1.6.4. If there is no USEPA-approved method for a chemical, and more than
one method is available from the scientific literature and commercial
laboratory, after consultation with DDW, use the most sensitive
method.
1.6.5. If no approved method is available for a specific chemical, the City’s
laboratory may develop or use its own methods and should provide the
analytical methods to DDW for review. Those methods may be used
until DDW-recommended or USEPA-approved methods are available.
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1839 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-4
1.6.6. If the only method available for a chemical is for wastewater analysis
(e.g. a chemical listed as a priority pollutant only), that chemical will be
sampled and analyzed using wastewater methods specified in 40 CFR
§ 136. This approach will be used until a DDW-recommended or EPA-
approved drinking water method is available.
1.6.7. For CECs subject to the Recycled Water Policy, monitoring of
advanced treated recycled water and tertiary treated recycled water
prior to RO/AOP shall use analytical methods selected to achieve the
Reporting Limits included in the Recycled Water Policy. Any
modifications to the published or certified methods shall be reviewed
by DDW and subsequently submitted to the Los Angeles Water Board
in an updated quality assurance plan.
1.7. The Permittee shall instruct its laboratories to establish calibration standards
so that the MRLs (or equivalent if there is a different treatment of samples
relative to calibration standards) are the lowest calibration standard. At no
time shall the analytical data be derived from extrapolation beyond the lowest
point of the calibration curve.
1.8. Pursuant to 22 CCR § 60320.204, analyses for contaminants having primary
or secondary MCLs shall be performed by laboratories approved to perform
such analyses by DDW using DDW-approved drinking water methods.
1.9. For regulated constituents, the laboratory conducting the analyses shall be
certified by the Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program (ELAP) or
approved by DDW or the Los Angeles Water Board.
1.10. Upon request by the Permittee, the Los Angeles Water Board, in
consultation with DDW and the State Water Board Quality Assurance
Program, may establish MRLs, in any of the following situations:
1.9.1. When the pollutant has no established method under 40 CFR § 141;
1.9.2. When the method under 40 CFR § 141 for the pollutant has an MRL
higher than the limit specified in this Order; or
1.9.3. When the Permittee agrees to use a test method that is more sensitive
than those specified in 40 CFR § 141.
1.11. Samples shall be analyzed within allowable holding time limits as specified in
40 CFR § 141. All QA/QC analyses shall be conducted on the same dates
the samples are analyzed. The City shall retain the QA/QC documentation in
its files for three years and make available for inspection and/or submit them
when requested by the Los Angeles Water Board or DDW. Proper chain of
custody procedures shall be followed, and a copy of this documentation shall
be submitted with the quarterly report.
1.12. Each monitoring report shall include a separate section titled “Summary of
Non-compliance” which discusses the compliance record and corrective
actions taken or planned that may be needed to bring the discharge into full
compliance with waste discharge requirements. This section shall clearly list
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1840 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-5
all non-compliance with discharge requirements as well as all excursions of
the final effluent limitations.
1.13. For bacterial analyses, sample dilutions shall be performed so the expected
range of values is bracketed (for example, with multiple tube fermentation
method or membrane filtration method, 2 to 16,000 per 100 mL for total,
fecal coliform, and E. coli, at a minimum, and 1 to 1000 per 100 ml for
Enterococcus). The detection methods used for each analysis shall be
reported with the results of the analyses.
1.14. Quarterly monitoring shall be performed during the months of February, May,
August, and November; semiannual monitoring shall be performed during
the months of February and August; and annual monitoring shall be
performed during the third quarter (July thru September) of each calendar
year. Should there be instances when monitoring could not be conducted
during the specified months, the City shall conduct the monitoring as soon as
possible and state in the monitoring report the reason monitoring could not
be conducted during the specified month. Results of quarterly, semiannual
and annual analyses shall be reported in the quarterly monitoring report
following the analysis.
2. DDW MONITORING REQUIRMENTS
3. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
3.1. MONITORING LOCATIONS
The City shall establish the following monitoring locations to demonstrate
compliance with the recycled water discharge limitations and other
requirements in this Order. Should the need for a change in the sampling
station(s) arise in the future, the City shall seek approval of the proposed
station by the Executive Officer prior to use.
TABLE E1. MONITORING LOCATIONS
Monitoring
Location Name Description
INF-001
The influent monitoring location shall be located immediately before
the headworks to the AWTF and after the municipal wastewater
mixes with stormwater and dry-weather runoff provided to the AWTF,
where a representative sample of the influent can be obtained.
EFF-001
The effluent monitoring location shall be located downstream of any
in-plant return flows, the final disinfection process, and after
stabilization with sodium carbonate addition, where representative
samples of the effluent can be obtained.
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1841 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-6
3.2. INFLUENT MONITORING
3.2.1. Influent monitoring is required to determine compliance with water
quality conditions and standards and to assess AWTF performance.
3.2.2. The Permittee shall monitor the pollutants in Table E2 at the influent
monitoring location (INF-001) described in Table E1.
The following shall constitute the influent monitoring program:
TABLE E2. INFLUENT MONITORING
Constituent Units Type of
Sample
Minimum
Frequency of
Analysis
Notes
Total Sewer Flow MGD Recorder Continuous Note a
Total Stormwater/ Dry-
Weather Runoff Flow MGD Recorder Continuous Note a
Total Volume Million
Gallons Calculated Monthly ---
Biochemical Oxygen
Demand (BOD520°C) mg/L Grab Weekly ---
Total Suspended Solids
(TSS) mg/L Grab Weekly ---
pH pH Units Grab Weekly ---
Total nitrogen mg/L Grab Monthly ---
Nitrate mg/L Grab Monthly ---
Nitrite mg/L Grab Monthly ---
Total dissolved solids
(TDS) mg/L Grab Monthly ---
Footnotes for Table E2
a. For those pollutants with a continuous minimum monitoring frequency, the monthly
minimum and maximum, and daily average values shall be reported.
End of Footnotes for Table E2
3.3. RECYCLED WATER MONITORING
3.3.1. Recycled water monitoring is required to determine compliance with
the permit conditions: (1) identify operational problems and aid in
improving facility performance, and (2) provide information on
wastewater characteristics and flows for use in interpreting water
quality and biological data.
3.3.2. The City shall monitor the advanced treated recycled water used for
non-potable use at monitoring location EFF-001. The monitoring
location is described in Table E1. The parameters to be monitored and
monitoring frequencies are listed in Tables E3 and E4.
The following shall constitute the recycled water monitoring program:
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1842 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-7
TABLE E3. RECYCLED WATER MONITORING
Constituent Units Type of Sample Minimum Frequency
of Analysis Notes
Total flow recycled water
produced
MGD
Million
Gallons
Recorder
Calculated
Continuous
Monthly Note a
Total volume recycled
water produced
MGD
Million
Gallons
Recorder
Calculated
Continuous
Monthly Note a
Total volume recycled
water delivered to each end
user
MGD
Million
Gallons
Recorder
Calculated
Continuous
Monthly Note a
pH pH units Recorder Continuous Note a
Turbidity (after MF and prior
to RO) NTU Grab Weekly ---
Total Coliform MPN/100 mL Grab Daily Note b
Total Chlorine Residual mg/L Recorder Continuous Note a
Oil & Grease mg/L Grab Quarterly ---
Settleable Solids mL/L Grab Weekly ---
Total Suspended Solids
(TSS) mg/L 24-hour composite Weekly ---
Biochemical Oxygen
Demand (BOD520ºC) mg/L 24-hour composite Weekly ---
Total Organic Carbon mg/L 24-hour composite or
grab Weekly Note c
Conductivity S Recorder Continuous Note a
Total Dissolved Solids
(TDS) mg/L 24-hour composite Monthly ---
Sulfate mg/L 24-hour composite Monthly ---
Chloride mg/L 24-hour composite Monthly ---
Boron mg/L 24-hour composite Monthly ---
Total Nitrogen mg/L 24-hour composite Monthly ---
Nitrate-N + nitrite-N mg/L 24-hour composite Monthly ---
Nitrate-N mg/L 24-hour composite Monthly ---
Nitrite-N mg/L 24-hour composite Monthly ---
Priority Pollutants (Table
E4) varies varies semiannually ---
Footnotes for Table E3
a. For those pollutants with a continuous minimum monitoring frequency, the monthly
minimum and maximum, and daily average values shall be reported.
b. For those pollutants with a daily minimum monitoring frequency, samples shall be
collected seven days per week unless otherwise specified.
c. Monitoring results for total organic carbon (TOC) shall be reported as a single result
and as a 20-week running average of all TOC results and the average of the last four
TOC results. The daily average and maximum TOC reading and the percent of time
TOC is greater than 0.5 mg/L shall be reported.
End of Footnotes for Table E3
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1843 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-8
TABLE E4. PRIORITY POLLUTANTS
Constituent Units Type of Sample
Minimum
Frequency of
Analysis
Acenaphthene g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Acrolein g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Acrylonitrile g/L grab Semiannually
Benzene mg/L grab Semiannually
Benzidine g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Carbon Tetrachloride mg/L grab Semiannually
Chlorobenzene g/L grab Semiannually
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene mg/L grab Semiannually
Hexachlorobenzene mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
1,2-dichloroethane mg/L grab Semiannually
1,1,1-trichloroethane mg/L grab Semiannually
Hexachloroethane g/L grab Semiannually
1,1-dichloroethane mg/L grab Semiannually
1,1,2-trichloroethane mg/L grab Semiannually
1,1,2,2-
tetrachloroethane mg/L grab Semiannually
Chloroethane g/L grab Semiannually
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
2-chloroethyl vinyl ether g/L grab Semiannually
2-chloronaphthalene g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
2,4,6-trichlorophenol g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Parachlorometa cresol g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Chloroform mg/L Grab Semiannually
2-chlorophenol g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
1,2-dichlorobenzene mg/L Grab Semiannually
1,3-dichlorobenzene g/L Grab Semiannually
1,4-dichlorobenzene mg/L Grab Semiannually
3,3’-dichlorobenzidine g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
1,1-dichloroethylene mg/L Grab Semiannually
1,2-trans-
dichloroethylene mg/L Grab Semiannually
2,4-dichlorophenol g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
1,2-dichloropropane mg/L Grab Semiannually
1,3-dichloropropylene mg/L Grab Semiannually
2,4-dimethylphenol g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
2,4-dinitrotoluene g/L grab Semiannually
2,6-dinitrotoluene g/L grab Semiannually
1,2-diphenylhydrazine g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Ethylbenzene mg/L grab Semiannually
Fluoranthene g/L grab Semiannually
4-chlorophenyl phenyl
ether g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
4-bromophenyl phenyl
ether g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1844 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-9
Constituent Units Type of Sample
Minimum
Frequency of
Analysis
Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)
ether g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Bis(2-chlorethoxy)
methane g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Methylene chloride mg/L Grab Semiannually
Methyl chloride
(chloromethane) g/L Grab Semiannually
Methyl bromide
(bromomethane) g/L Grab Semiannually
Bromoform mg/L Grab Semiannually
Dichlorobromomethane mg/L Grab Semiannually
Chlorodibromomethane mg/L Grab Semiannually
Hexachlorobutadiene g/L Grab Semiannually
Hexachlorocyclopentadi
ene mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Isophorone g/L Grab Semiannually
Naphthalene mg/L Grab Semiannually
Nitrobenzene g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
2-nitrophenol g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
4-nitrophenol g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
2,4-dinitrophenol g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
4,6-dinitro-o-cresol g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
N-nitrosodimethylamine mg/L Grab Semiannually
N-nitrosodiphenylamine mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
N-nitrosodi-n-
propylamine
mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Pentachlorophenol mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Phenol g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate g/L Grab Semiannually
Butyl benzyl phthalate g/L Grab Semiannually
Di-n-butyl phthalate g/L Grab Semiannually
Di-n-octyl phthalate g/L Grab Semiannually
Diethyl phthalate g/L Grab Semiannually
Dimethyl phthalate g/L Grab Semiannually
Benzo(a) anthracene g/L Grab Semiannually
Benzo(a) pyrene mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Benzo(b) fluoranthene g/L Grab Semiannually
Benzo(k) fluoranthene g/L Grab Semiannually
Chrysene g/L Grab Semiannually
Acenaphthylene g/L Grab Semiannually
Anthracene g/L Grab Semiannually
Benzo(ghi) perylene g/L Grab Semiannually
Fluorene g/L Grab Semiannually
Phenanthrene g/L Grab Semiannually
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene g/L Grab Semiannually
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1845 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-10
Constituent Units Type of Sample
Minimum
Frequency of
Analysis
Indeno(1,2,3-c,d)
pyrene g/L Grab Semiannually
Pyrene g/L Grab Semiannually
Tetrachloroethylene mg/L Grab Semiannually
Toluene mg/L Grab Semiannually
Trichloroethylene mg/L Grab Semiannually
Vinyl chloride mg/L Grab Semiannually
Aldrin g/L Grab Semiannually
Dieldrin g/L Grab Semiannually
Chlordane mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
4,4’-DDT g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
4,4’-DDE g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
4,4’-DDD g/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Alpha-endosulfan g/L Grab Semiannually
Beta-endosulfan g/L Grab Semiannually
Endosulfan sulfate g/L Grab Semiannually
Endrin mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Endrin aldehyde g/L Grab Semiannually
Heptachlor mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Heptachlor epoxide mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Alpha-BHC g/L grab Semiannually
Beta-BHC g/L grab Semiannually
Gamma-BHC mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Delta-BHC g/L grab Semiannually
PCB-1242 mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
PCB-1254 mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
PCB-1221 mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
PCB-1232 mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
PCB-1248 mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
PCB-1260 mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
PCB-1016 mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Toxaphene mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Antimony mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Arsenic mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Asbestos
Million fibers
per liter
(MFL)
24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Beryllium mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Cadmium mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Chromium mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Copper mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Cyanide mg/L Grab Semiannually
Lead mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Mercury mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Nickel mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Selenium mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1846 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-11
Constituent Units Type of Sample
Minimum
Frequency of
Analysis
Silver mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Thallium mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
Zinc mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
2,3,7,8-TCDD mg/L 24-hour composite or grab Semiannually
3.4. GROUNDWATER MONITORING
This Order permits the use of recycled water for nonpotable uses, which meet
the site-specific conditions for exemption from groundwater monitoring in the
Recycled Water Policy, and therefore does not require groundwater
monitoring. The City plans to use recycled water for indirect potable reuse in
the future and will need a groundwater monitoring plan at that time. The City
shall submit a Report of Waste Discharge to the Los Angeles Water Board
once DDW approves a Title 22 Engineering Report for the indirect potable
reuse project.
4. USE AREA MONITORING
The City is responsible for ensuring use area data is collected and submitted in the
annual report. The following shall be recorded for each user with additional
reporting for use areas as appropriate. The frequency of use area inspections shall
be based on the complexity and risk of each use area. Use areas may be
aggregated to combine acreage for calculation or observation purposes. Use area
monitoring shall include:
TABLE E5. USE AREA MONITORING
Parameter Units Sample Type Sampling
Frequency
Reporting
Frequency
Recycled Water User --- --- --- Annually
Average Monthly Recycled
Water Flow
Gallons per day
(gpd) Meter Monthly Annually
Acreage Applied Acres Calculated --- Annually
Application Rate Inches/acre/year Calculated --- Annually
Soil Saturation and Ponding --- Observation Quarterly Annually
Nuisance Odors/Vectors --- Observation Quarterly Annually
Discharge Off-Site --- Observation Quarterly Annually
Notification Signs (Note a) --- Observation Quarterly Annually
Footnotes for Table E5
a. Notification signs shall be consistent with the requirements of 22 CCR §
60310(g).
End of Footnotes for Table E5
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1847 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-12
5. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
The City shall submit the required reports, outlined in this section, to the State
Water Resources Control Board’s (State Water Board) GeoTracker database by
the specified dates.
5.1. For the purpose of reporting compliance with numerical limitations, analytical
data shall be reported using the following reporting protocols:
5.1.1. Sample results greater than or equal to the MRL must be reported “as
measured” by the laboratory (i.e., the measured chemical
concentration in the sample).
5.1.2. Sample results less than the MRL, but greater than or equal to the
laboratory’s Minimum Detection Limit (MDL), shall be reported as
“Detected, but Not Quantified”, “DNQ.” The laboratory shall write the
estimated chemical concentration of the sample next to “DNQ.”
5.1.3. Sample results less than the laboratory’s MDL shall be reported as
“Not-Detected”, or ND.
5.1.4. If the City samples and performs analyses (other than for
process/operational control, startup, research, or equipment testing) on
any sample more frequently than required in this MRP using approved
analytical methods, the results of those analyses shall be included in
the report. These results shall be reflected in the calculation of the
average used in demonstrating compliance with average effluent,
receiving water, etc., limitations.
5.1.5. The Los Angeles Water Board or DDW may request supporting
documentation, such as daily logs of operations.
5.1.6. All reports shall reference the Compliance File No. CI-10569 and shall
be uploaded to the State Water Board’s GeoTracker database
(GeoTracker) under Global ID WDR100000408. Compliance
monitoring reports shall be submitted separately from other technical
reports.
5.1.7. All submittals shall comply with the Electronic Submittal of Information
(ESI) requirements by submitting all reports required under the Order,
including groundwater monitoring data, discharge location data, and
searchable Portable Document Format. If any file exceeds 10
megabytes then the report shall be uploaded in multiple parts. Upon
request, the data shall be provided in excel format.
5.1.8. The Permittee shall submit to the Los Angeles Water Board, together
with the first monitoring report required by this Order, a list of all
chemicals and proprietary additives which could affect the quality of
the recycled water, including quantities of each. Any subsequent
changes in types and/or quantities shall be reported promptly. An
annual summary of the quantities of all chemicals, listed by both trade
and chemical names, which are used in the treatment process shall be
included in the annual report.
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1848 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-13
5.2. Monthly Monitoring Reports
Monthly monitoring reports shall be submitted to the Los Angeles Water
Board and DDW by the 10th day of the month following the month of sampling
and shall include:
5.2.1. The results of Membrane Integrity Monitoring and calculated log
reduction values (LRVs).
5.2.2. The daily average and maximum conductivity readings for the RO
effluent, the percent of time the conductivity is greater than 350 micro-
Siemens, and the average reduction in electrical conductivity achieved.
5.2.3. Continuous turbidity analytical results for the month for the AWTF
advanced-treated recycled water (located after MF and before RO)
including the daily average, daily maximum, and percent of time
turbidity exceeds 0.2 NTU. The City shall also report if the MF effluent
turbidity exceeded 0.5 NTU at any time.
5.2.4. Summary of the operational parameters and surrogates reviewed and
accepted by DDW (ex. NDMA log reduction, Ultraviolet Intensity (UVI),
Ultraviolet Transmittance (UVT), power, flow rate (Q), calculated
UVI/Q, calculated chlorine dose), and any reactor failures.
5.2.5. Based on the daily log reduction calculation, report a “Yes” or “No” for
each day to indicate if the necessary pathogenic microorganism log
reductions (12-logs virus, 10-logs Giardia and Cryptosporidium oocyst)
have been achieved. The daily minimum model predicated 1,4-dioxane
and NDMA log reduction shall also be reported. An overall log
reduction calculated value must be provided daily unless the AWTF is
offline for a 24-hour period.
5.2.6. Daily coliform analytical results for the AWTF advanced-treated
recycled water.
5.2.7. Summary of the monthly operational parameters for UV and chlorine
dose.
5.2.8. TOC results for the RO influent and effluent including the average and
maximum, and the percent of time TOC is greater than 0.5 mg/L.
5.2.9. Records of operational problems, plant and equipment breakdowns,
and diversion of emergency storage or disposal, and all corrective or
preventative actions taken.
5.3. Quarterly Monitoring Reports
5.3.1. Quarterly monitoring reports shall be submitted to the Los Angeles
Water Board by the 15th day of the third month following the end of
each quarterly monitoring period.
5.3.2. The quarterly reports shall include, at a minimum, the following
information:
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1849 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-14
• A one-page summary of operational concerns that address
changes in reporting conditions including influent and AWTF
recycled water since the last report.
• Summary of monthly operational parameters for calculated 1,4-
dioxane and NDMA log reduction along with flowrate, UVT, pH and
any reactor failure(s).
• Volume of the influent wastewater, stormwater, dry-weather runoff,
and advanced-treated recycled water used for nonpotable uses. If
no advanced treated recycled water was used during the quarter,
the report shall so state.
• A table listing the users serviced during the quarter, the amount of
recycled water delivered to each user (reported in both gallons and
in acre-feet), and the use of the recycled water.
• The date and time of sampling and analyses.
• All analytical results of advanced-treated recycled water samples
collected during the monitoring period.
• The analytical method used, the method detection limit (MDL), and
the RDL for each constituent analyzed.
• The applicable MCL, condition, or permit limitation.
• The name(s) of the laboratory that conducted the analyses and a
copy of laboratory certifications from DDW’s Environmental
Laboratory Accreditation Program (ELAP).
• Records of any operational problems, plant upset(s), equipment
breakdowns or malfunctions, and any diversion(s) of off-
specification recycled water and the location(s) of final disposal.
• Discussion of compliance, noncompliance, or violation of
requirements.
• Summary of operational concerns describing changes in reporting
conditions, including influent, AWTF advanced treated recycled
water, and any groundwater monitoring results, since the last
report.
• All corrective or preventive action(s) taken or planned with a
schedule of implementation, if any.
5.4. Annual Summary Reports
5.4.1. Annual monitoring reports shall include a minimum of the following:
a. Tabular and graphical summaries of the monitoring data obtained
during the previous calendar year.
b. A table listing the users and use areas serviced during the year, the
amount of recycled water delivered to each user (reported in both
gallons and in acre-feet), and the use of the recycled water. Newly
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1850 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-15
permitted recycled water users shall be identified. When applicable,
a supplement to the Title 22 Engineering Report and the State
Water Board approval letter supporting those additions shall be
included.
c. A summary of compliance status with the applicable monitoring
requirements during the previous calendar year.
d. For any non-compliance during the previous calendar year, a
description of:
• The date, duration, and nature of the violation.
• A summary of any corrective actions and/or suspensions of
subsurface application of recycled municipal wastewater
resulting from a violation.
• If uncorrected, a schedule for and summary of all remedial
actions.
e. A description of any changes and anticipated changes, including
any impacts in operation of any unit processes or facilities shall be
provided.
f. A summary of the measures taken to comply with wastewater
source control program and the effectiveness of the implementation
of the measures.
g. A list of the analytical methods used for each test and associated
laboratory quality assurance/quality control procedures shall be
included. The report shall identify the laboratories used by the City
to monitor compliance with this Order, their status of certification,
and provide a summary of their proficiency test.
h. A list of current operating personnel, their responsibilities, and their
corresponding grade and date of certification.
i. The date of the facility's Operation and Maintenance (O&M)
Management Plan, the date the plan was last reviewed, and
whether the plan is complete and valid for the current facilities.
j. A summary table of all inspections and enforcement activities
initiated by the City. Include a discussion of compliance and
corrective actions taken, as well as any planned or proposed
actions needed to bring the discharge into compliance. Copies of
documentation of any enforcement actions taken by the City shall
be provided.
k. An evaluation of the performance of the recycled water system for
the AWTF including a discussion of capacity issues, system
problems, and a forecast of the flows anticipated for the following
year.
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1851 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-16
5.4.2 Annual Volumetric Reporting
All volumetric data measured monthly shall be reported on an annual
basis as acre-feet (af) to the GeoTracker database under the “Other
Tools: submit Annual Volumetric Water Data.” Monthly volume of
influent, recycled water produced, and distributed for beneficial use in
compliance with Title 22 in each of the use categories below:
• Agricultural irrigation: pasture or crop irrigation
• Landscape irrigation: irrigation of parks, greenbelts,
playgrounds, school yards, athletic fields, cemeteries,
residential landscaping, freeway landscaping, highway
landscaping, and street landscaping.
• Golf course irrigation: irrigation of golf courses, including water
used to maintain aesthetic impoundments within golf courses.
• Commercial application: commercial facilities, business use
(such as laundries or office buildings), car washes, retail
nurseries, and appurtenant landscaping that is not separately
metered.
• Industrial Application: manufacturing facilities, cooling towers,
process water, and appurtenant landscaping that is not
separately metered.
• Geothermal energy production: augmentation of geothermal
fields.
• Other non-potable uses including but not limited to dust control,
flushing sewers, fire protection, fill stations, snow making, and
dual-plumbed systems.
• Groundwater recharge: surface or subsurface application,
except for seawater intrusion barrier use.
5.6. Dual-Plumbed Recycled Water Systems Testing/Monitoring
For dual-plumbed systems, DDW and/or its delegated local agency shall be
consulted for additional reporting, design, and operation requirements. The
potential for cross-connections and backflow prevention devices shall be
monitored as listed below, or more frequently if specified by DDW.
TABLE E6. DUAL-PLUMBED SYSTEMS TESTING/MONITORING
Requirement Frequency Reporting Frequency Notes
Cross Connection Testing Four Years 30 days/Annually Note a and b
Backflow incident Continuous 24 hours from
discovery ---
Backflow Prevention Device
Testing and Maintenance Annually Annually Note c
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1852 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-17
Footnotes for Table E6
a. Testing shall be performed at least every 4 years, or more frequently at the
discretion of DDW.
b. Cross connection testing shall be reported pursuant to 22 CCR § 60314.
The report shall be submitted to DDW within 30 days and included in the
annual report to the Los Angeles Water Board.
c. Backflow prevention device maintenance shall be tested by a qualified
person as described in 17 CCR § 7605.
End of Footnotes for Table E6
6. Report Submittal Dates
Monitoring periods and reporting for all required monitoring shall be completed
according to the following schedule:
TABLE E7. MONITORING PERIODS AND REPORTING SCHEDULE
Sampling
Frequency
Monitoring Period Begins
On… Monitoring Period SMR Due Date
Continuous Permit effective date All Submit with
quarterly report
Daily Permit effective date
(Midnight through 11:59 PM) or
any 24-hour period that
reasonably represents a calendar
day for purposes of sampling.
Submit with
quarterly report
Weekly
Sunday following permit
effective date or on permit
effective date if on a Sunday
Sunday through Saturday Submit with
quarterly report
Monthly
First day of calendar month
following permit effective date
or on permit effective date if
that date is first day of the
month
1st day of calendar month through
last day of calendar month
By the 10th day of
the month
following the
month of
sampling
Quarterly
Closest of January 1, April 1,
July 1, or October 1 following
(or on) permit effective date
January 1 through March 31
April 1 through June 30
July 1 through September 30
October 1 through December 31
May 15
August 15
November 15
February 15
Semiannually
Closest of January 1 or July 1
following (or on) permit
effective date
January 1 through June 30
July 1 through December 31
Submit with
corresponding
quarterly report.
Annually January 1 following (or on)
permit effective date January 1 through December 31 April 15
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1853 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT E – MRP (ADOPTED: 02/11/21) E-18
Sampling
Frequency
Monitoring Period Begins
On… Monitoring Period SMR Due Date
Volumetric Annual
reporting
January 1 following (or on)
permit effective date January 1 through December 31 April 30
7. Certification Statement
Each report shall include the following declaration:
“I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and am familiar with
the information submitted in this document and all attachments thereto; and that,
based on my inquiry of the individuals immediately responsible for obtaining the
information, I believe that the information is true, accurate, and complete. I am
aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including
the possibility of fine and imprisonment.”
8. Operations and Maintenance Manual
The Permittee shall submit an Operations and Maintenance Manual (OMM) for the
recycled water system and submit it to the Los Angeles Water Board and DDW
within 180 days of the effective date of this Order. The OMM shall include at a
minimum process optimization, alarm set points, diversion and off-spec
contingencies, instrument calibration and maintenance.
9. Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment and Management Plan
The City shall develop a Climate Change Effects Vulnerability Assessment and
Management Plan (Climate Change Plan) and submit the Climate Change Plan to
the Los Angeles Water Board for the Executive Officer’s approval no later than 12
months after the effective date of this Order. The Climate Change plan shall include
an assessment of short-term and long-term vulnerabilities of the AWTF, all
treatment systems, the collection system, recycled water distribution system,
outfalls, and operations for predicted impacts in order to ensure that the facility
operations are not disrupted, compliance with permit conditions is achieved, and
receiving waters are not adversely impacted by discharges. Control measures shall
include, but are not limited to, emergency procedures, contingency plans,
alarm/notification systems, training, backup power and equipment, and the need for
planned mitigation measures to ameliorate climate-induced impacts including, but
not limited to changing influent and receiving water quality conditions, as well as the
impact of rising sea level (where applicable), wildfires, storm surges, and back-to-
back severe storms that are expected to become more frequent.
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1854 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT F – DDW CONDITIONAL ACCEPTANCE LETTER F-1
ATTACHMENT F – DDW CONDITIONAL ACCEPTANCE LETTER
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1855 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)
City of Santa Monica Order No. R4-2021-0044
SWIP Advanced Water Treatment Facility File No. 20-090
ATTACHMENT F – DDW CONDITIONAL ACCEPTANCE LETTER F-2
7.C.e
Packet Pg. 1856 Attachment: Order No. R4-2021-0044 Adopted Santa Monica SWIP WDR 02112021 (4811 : Recycled Water Ordinance First Reading)