SR 06-08-2021 9A 502-005 / 502-006 / 502-006-08
City Council Report
City Council Meeting: June 8, 2021
Agenda Item: 9.A
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To: Mayor and City Council
From: Rick Valte, Acting Public Works Director, Public Works, Water Resources
Subject: Public Hearing and Adoption of the City of Santa Monica's 2020 Urban Water
Management Plan and Water Shortage Contingency Plan Including a
Presentation on Compliance with the Water Conservation Act of 2009 (SBX7-
7)
Recommended Action
Staff recommends that the City Council:
1. Hold a public hearing and receive public comment for the proposed 2020 Urban
Water Management Plan (UWMP) and Water Shortage Contingency Plan
(WSCP); and
2. Approve the attached resolution adopting the 2020 UWMP and WSCP.
Executive Summary
The California Urban Water Management Planning Act requires certain urban water
agencies to prepare an Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP). The UWMP is
updated every five years and must be submitted to the California Department of Water
Resources (DWR) on or before July 1, 2021. The Draft 2020 Urban Water Management
Plan is included in Attachment A. Amendments to the California Water Code also
require the City to update its Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP). The WSCP
serves as the City’s action plan for actual or anticipated water shortage conditions
(Attachment B). The UWMP and WSCP must be adopted by the City Council prior to
submittal to the DWR.
Background
UWMPs are prepared by California urban water suppliers to support long-term water
resource planning and to ensure adequate water supplies are available to meet existing
and future water demands. The Urban Water Management Planning Act requires every
urban water supplier that either provides over 3,000 acre-feet of water annually or
serves 3,000 or more service connections to prepare a UWMP every five years. The
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Urban Water Management Planning Act has been amended several times since its
initial passage in 1983. Many of the amendments made since the 2015 UWMP were a
result of the severe drought conditions California experienced from 2012 to 2016. Some
of the new requirements for the 2020 UWMP include:
• A reliability assessment of the City’s ability to provide water to meet its water use
over five consecutive dry years;
• A Drought Risk Assessment (DRA) that examines water supplies, water uses,
and the resulting water supply reliability under a drought from 2021 to 2025;
• A Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP), which serves as an action plan for
the City during an actual or predicted drought or a catastrophic water supply
shortage; and
• Coordination with the local Groundwater Sustainability Agency (GSA).
These new requirements were already considered in the City’s 2018 Sustainable Water
Master Plan (SWMP) update and refined, where appropriate, for the 2020 UWMP. The
2015 UWMP also established a target of 123 gallons per capita per day (gpcd) as the
year 2020 target to comply with the Water Conservation Act of 2009 (SB X7-7), which is
discussed and evaluated in the 2020 UWMP.
Past Council Actions
Meeting Date Description
01/23/2015 (Attachment B) Water Shortage Response Plan and Implementation
05/24/2016 (Attachment C) Public Hearing for the City of Santa Monica’s 2015
Urban Water Management Plan
11/27/2018 (Attachment D) Sustainable Water Master Plan Update and Pathway
to Water Self-Sufficiency
Discussion
The 2020 UWMP meets the statutory requirements of the Urban Water Management
Act of 1983. The 2020 UWMP is consistent with the 2018 SWMP Update with
information refined where appropriate for the 2020 UWMP, including the 2020 Regional
Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) requirement for the City to plan for approximately
8,873 new housing units in the 8-year period of 2021-2029. The additional housing units
were identified after completion of the 2018 SWMP.
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One of the fundamental purposes of the UWMP is to assess the ability of a water
supplier to reliably serve its customers. To achieve this purpose, the UWMP includes a
water service reliability assessment to analyze water use and water supplies over a 20-
year planning horizon under three scenarios: normal, single dry year, and multiple dry
years. The UWMP also includes a Drought Risk Assessment (DRA), which assesses
the City’s water supply assuming drought conditions from 2021 to 2025. Both
assessments consider factors such as regulatory variability, climate conditions, and
change in population. The complete 2020 UWMP is provided in Attachment A. The
analysis conducted by staff found that the City’s current and planned water supply
portfolio sufficiently meets the existing and projected water use under all of the
scenarios analyzed (e.g., normal year, drought year, and five-year consecutive drought)
through the planning period of 2040. Key highlights of the 2020 UWMP are summarized
below.
Compliance with the Water Conservation Act of 2009 (SBX7-7)
With the adoption of the Water Conservation Act of 2009, also known as SBX7-7, the
State of California required urban per capita water use to be reduced by 20 percent by
the year 2020. To meet this objective, each retail urban water supplier was required to
develop and meet an urban water use target for the year 2020.
· Method 1: Straight 20-percent reduction from the baseline period (1996-2005
citywide water consumption). The target corresponding to this method is 123
gallons per capita per day (gpcd) and is the lowest of the options considered.
· Method 2: Indoor water use targeted at 55 gpcd, plus reduction in commercial,
industrial, and institutional water use by 10 percent, plus reduction in landscape
irrigation amount allowed in the DWR Model Landscape Ordinance.
· Method 3: Reduction of gpcd to 95 percent of the South Coast Hydrologic
Region’s average gpcd. The target corresponding to this option is 141 gpcd.
· Method 4: Reduction target calculation based upon estimated savings which
would likely result from retrofit of inefficient indoor residential fixtures, plus
commercial, industrial, and institutional water use efficiency savings, plus
conversions from unmetered to metered connections (indoor water fixture
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efficiency conversion is near saturation level already in Santa Monica, all
connections in the city are metered; this method is not appropriate for Santa
Monica).
City Council chose the most aggressive water conservation method (Target Method 1)
from the 2015 UWMP, which requires a 20% reduction from a ten-year baseline
(measured in gallons per capita per day). The baseline for the City for the ten-year
period 1996-2005 is 154 gpcd. As a result, the 2020 Target is 123 gpcd. The City of
Santa Monica has achieved its water use reduction target with its current water use per
capita at 103 gpcd in 2020.
Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
As a result of the drought from 2012-2016, changes to the California Water Code
mandate water suppliers to prepare a Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP). The
WSCP is a standalone document and is provided in Attachment B. WSCP elements in
the California Water Code include:
· Six standard water shortage levels corresponding to progressive ranges of 10-,
20-, 30-, 40-, and 50-percent shortages and greater than 50-percent shortage;
· Locally appropriate shortage response actions for each shortage level;
· Procedures for conducting an annual water supply and demand assessment with
prescribed elements; and
· Communication protocols and procedures to inform customers, the public, and
government entities of any current or predicted water shortages and associated
response actions.
The City Council adopted a Water Supply Shortage Response Plan on January 13,
2015, which also serves as the last adopted WSCP. The updated WSCP includes
revised water shortage levels to be consistent with the six standard water shortage
levels mandated by the California Water Code (10-, 20-, 30-, 40-, and 50-percent
shortages and greater than 50-percent shortage). At the January 13, 2015 meeting,
Council re-declared a Stage 2 Water Supply Shortage (i.e. 20 percent reduction goal)
and the City has remained in Stage 2 since that time. With California experiencing a
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second consecutive dry year, staff recommends remaining in a Stage 2 Water Supply
Shortage. A summary of the revised water shortage stages to comply with the 2020
UWMP requirements is provided in Table 1.
Table 1: Water Shortage Stages and Reduction Targets
Water
Shortage
Stage
Shortage
Level
Water Shortage
Condition
Water Use
Restrictions
City-wide Use
Reduction Goal
Stage 1 ≤10% Minimal Voluntary 10%
Stage 2 10-20% Moderate Mandatory 20%
Stage 3 20-30% Significant Mandatory 30%
Stage 4 30-40% Severe Mandatory 40%
Stage 5 40-50% Critical Mandatory 50%
Stage 6 >50% Catastrophic Mandatory >50%
The updated WSCP also includes revised Water Use Allowances (WUA) that are
consistent with the six standard water shortage levels mandated by the Water Code. A
WUA is the amount of water assigned to water customers based on a percentage of the
baseline water usage. A summary of the revised WUA is provided in Table 2.
Table 2: Water Use Allowances for all Water Customers (Per Billing Period)*
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5 Stage 6
Reduction
Goal 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 55%
Single-
Family
Baseline x
0.9
or 22 HCF;
whichever is
higher
Baseline x
0.8
or 22 HCF;
whichever is
higher
Baseline x
0.7
or 22 HCF;
whichever is
higher
Baseline x
0.6
or 16 HCF;
whichever is
higher
Baseline x
0.5
or 16 HCF;
whichever is
higher
Baseline x
0.45
or 16 HCF;
whichever is
higher
Multi-
Family
Baseline x
0.9
or 11
HCF/unit;
whichever is
higher
Baseline x
0.8
or 11
HCF/unit;
whichever is
higher
Baseline x
0.7
or 11
HCF/unit;
whichever is
higher
Baseline x
0.6
or 8
HCF/unit;
whichever is
higher
Baseline x
0.5 or
8 HCF/unit;
whichever is
higher
Baseline x
0.45 or
8 HCF/unit;
whichever is
higher
Commercial Baseline x
0.9
Baseline x
0.8
Baseline x
0.7
Baseline x
0.6
Baseline x
0.5
Baseline x
0.45
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Landscape Baseline x
0.9
Baseline x
0.8
Baseline x
0.7
Baseline x
0.6
Baseline x
0.5
Baseline x
0.45
*HCF is hundred cubic feet
**Baseline is 2013 water usage during the same billing period days.
The California Water Code requires the City to develop procedures for conducting
annual water supply and demand assessments. The procedures include a written
decision-making process used to determine water supply reliability and key data inputs
and methodology used to evaluate the water supply reliability for the current year and
one dry year. Beginning in 2022, the City must submit an assessment report to DWR by
July 1st of each year. The WSCP update includes a provision for formal approval of the
assessment report by City Council through a resolution following a public hearing to
receive the public comments.
Update on Water Self-Sufficiency
As originally projected in the 2018 SWMP Update, the City would be able to meet up to
99% of its water demand through local water supplies in 2023 when water self-
sufficiency projects are completed. This will, however, be affected by a significant
development since the 2018 SWMP Update. The 2020 Regional Housing Needs
Assessment developed by Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG)
would require the City to plan for approximately 8,873 new housing units in the 8-year
period of 2021-2029. Estimates in the 2020 UWMP indicate that the City’s water self-
sufficiency goal may be impacted as much as 20%, but this impact could potentially be
mitigated through revised optimal conservation efforts and the City would still be able to
achieve approximately 90% water self-sufficiency.
Commission Action
On March 15, 2021 and May 17, 2021 elements of the Draft 2021 UWMP were
presented to the Task Force on the Environment (Attachments E and F). The Task
Force voted in favor of recommending adoption of the 2020 UWMP at the May 17, 2021
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meeting. Comments and answers from the June 8 Council Meeting (public hearing) will
be included as an attachment in the final 2020 UWMP.
Public Hearing
In accordance with state law, this public hearing before City Council was noticed on or
before May 25, 2021, and June 1, 2021, in the Santa Monica Daily Press, and copies of
the draft UWMP were made available online, at libraries, and City Hall.
Financial Impacts and Budget Actions
There are no financial impacts or budget actions resulting from this public hearing and
adoption of the 2020 UWMP.
Prepared By: Sunny Wang, Water Resources Manager
Approved
Forwarded to Council
Attachments:
A. Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan
B. Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan
C. January 13, 2015 Staff Report (Web Link)
D. May 24, 2016 Staff Report (Web Link)
E. November 27, 2018 Staff Report (Web Link)
F. Task Force on the Environment Meeting Agenda for March 15, 2021 to discuss
UWMP (Web Link)
G. Task Force on the Environment Meeting Agenda_ May 17, 2021 (Web Link)
H. Proposed Resolution
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Draft 2020 Urban Water
Management Plan
May 2021
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DRAFT 2020 URBAN WATER
MANAGEMENT PLAN
MAY 2021
City of Santa Monica
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Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 New UWMP Requirements ............................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Overview .................................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.3 Organization of 2020 Urban Water Management Plan .......................................... 1-5
2 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN PREPARATION .............................................. 2-1 2.1 Local and Regional Coordination ................................................................................... 2-1
3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 General Description ............................................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Service Area Boundary Maps ........................................................................................... 3-2 3.3 Service Area Climate ........................................................................................................... 3-4 3.4 Climate Change Influences ................................................................................................ 3-6 3.4.1 Climate Change Vulnerability ......................................................................... 3-6 3.5 Service Area Population ..................................................................................................... 3-9 3.5.1 Other Social, Economic, and Demographic Factors ............................ 3-10 3.5.2 Land Uses within Service Area .................................................................... 3-11
4 WATER USE CHARACTERIZATION ................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Overview of Past Water Use ............................................................................................. 4-1 4.1.1 Water Use Sectors ............................................................................................... 4-2 4.1.2 Past Water Use by Sector (Potable) ............................................................. 4-3 4.1.3 Non-Potable Water Use ..................................................................................... 4-5 4.1.4 Distribution System Water Losses ............................................................... 4-5 4.2 Projected Water Use Considerations ............................................................................ 4-6 4.2.1 Coordination with Planning Division .......................................................... 4-6 4.2.2 Water Use Ordinances, Codes, Standards, and Conservation Programs ................................................................................................................ 4-7 4.2.3 Climate Change ..................................................................................................... 4-9 4.3 Projected Water Use ............................................................................................................ 4-9
5 SBX7-7 BASELINE AND TARGETS ..................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 5-1 5.2 Baselines and Targets (SBX7-7 Verification Form, Appendix D) ....................... 5-1 5.3 Compliance (SBX7-7 Compliance Form, Appendix E) ............................................ 5-2
6 WATER SUPPLY CHARACTERIZATION ........................................................................... 6-1 6.1 Water Supply Analysis Overview ................................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Water Supply Characterization ....................................................................................... 6-3 6.2.1 Groundwater ......................................................................................................... 6-3 6.2.2 Sustainable Groundwater Management Act of 2014 ............................. 6-7
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6.2.3 Imported Water Supply .................................................................................... 6-9 6.2.4 Aqueduct Systems ............................................................................................ 6-10 6.3 Overview of Wastewater Collection System and Recycled Water Supply .................................................................................................................................... 6-11 6.3.1 Wastewater Collection System ................................................................... 6-11 6.3.2 Santa Monica Urban Runoff Recycling Facility ..................................... 6-12 6.3.3 Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project (SWIP) ............................... 6-13 6.3.4 Recycled Water Distribution System ........................................................ 6-14 6.3.5 Recycled Water Coordination ...................................................................... 6-15 6.3.6 Future Water Projects .................................................................................... 6-15 6.4 Energy Intensity ................................................................................................................. 6-20 6.4.1 Energy Intensity Data ..................................................................................... 6-21 6.4.2 Water Supply / Water Management Processes Consuming Energy ................................................................................................................... 6-22
7 WATER SERVICE RELIABILITY .......................................................................................... 7-1 7.1 Water Service Reliability and Drought Risk Assessment ...................................... 7-1 7.2 Water Service Reliability Assessment .......................................................................... 7-1 7.3 Drought Risk Assessment.................................................................................................. 7-5 7.3.1 Data, Methods, and Basis for Water Shortage Condition ..................... 7-6 7.3.2 Total Water Supply and Use Comparison .................................................. 7-7
8 WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY PLAN ..................................................................... 8-1
9 DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES .............................................................................. 9-1 9.1 Existing Demand Management Measures ................................................................... 9-1 9.1.1 Water Waste Ordinances .................................................................................. 9-1 9.1.2 Metering .................................................................................................................. 9-1 9.1.3 Conservation Pricing .......................................................................................... 9-2 9.1.4 Public Education and Outreach ...................................................................... 9-3 9.1.5 Programs to Assess and Manage Distribution System Real Loss ........................................................................................................................... 9-5 9.2 Water Conservation Program Coordination and Staffing Support ................... 9-6 9.3 Water Demand Management Measures, Implementation to Achieve Water Use Targets, and Water Use Objectives (Future Requirements) .......... 9-6 9.3.1 Ongoing ................................................................................................................... 9-7 2015-2018 ............................................................................................................................... 9-9 2016 – Ongoing ..................................................................................................................... 9-9 2017-2020 ............................................................................................................................... 9-9 2017 – Ongoing ..................................................................................................................... 9-9 2018 – 2019 ......................................................................................................................... 9-10
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2020 – Present .................................................................................................................... 9-10 9.3.2 Future (2021-2025, pending budget approvals) ................................. 9-10
Figures Figure 1-1. Overview of Key Components in the City’s 2018 Sustainable Water Master Plan Update ................................................................................................ 1-3 Figure 3-1. City of Santa Monica (Circa 1920) ......................................................................... 3-1 Figure 3-2. City of Santa Monica Today ...................................................................................... 3-2 Figure 3-3. City of Santa Monica Potable Water System...................................................... 3-3 Figure 3-4. Typical Average Monthly Temperature and Water Use ............................... 3-5 Figure 3-5. City of Santa Monica Average Monthly Water Use and Average Monthly Rainfall .................................................................................................................... 3-6 Figure 3-6. City of Santa Monica Annual Water Use and Population (2010-2020) ......................................................................................................................................... 3-9 Figure 3-7. City of Santa Monica Yearly Water Use and Unemployment Rate ......... 3-11 Figure 3-8. City of Santa Monica Official Districting Map................................................. 3-12 Figure 4-1. Summary of Drought Conditions from 2000-2020 ........................................ 4-1 Figure 4-2. Summary of Water Use Trends by Sector in the City of Santa Monica ....................................................................................................................................... 4-3 Figure 4-3. Projected Water Use Trends (2025 – 2040 in 5 Year Increments) ....... 4-10 Figure 6-1. Santa Monica Basin and Sub-Basin Boundaries ............................................... 6-4 Figure 7-1. Summary of the City’s Water Usage Trends from 2010-2020 ................... 7-6
Tables Table 1-1. Summary of Santa Monica’s Water Supply Make-Up from 2010-2020 ........................................................................................................................................... 1-2 Table 1-2. Water Supply Availability and Demand for Five Consecutive Dry Years (Acre-Feet) .................................................................................................................. 1-4 Table 2-1. Retail – Public Water Systems .................................................................................. 2-1 Table 2-2. Summary of Regional Coordination for Development of the 2025 UWMP ....................................................................................................................................... 2-2 Table 3-1. City of Santa Monica Average High Temperature, 2010-2020 (Degrees Fahrenheit) .......................................................................................................... 3-4 Table 3-2. City of Santa Monica Precipitation, 2010-2020 (Inches of Rainfall) .................................................................................................................................... 3-4 Table 3-3: City of Santa Monica Population Projection, 2020-2040 ............................ 3-10 Table 4-1. Summary of Water Use by Sector in Santa Monica (2016-2020) ............... 4-5 Table 4-2. Summary of Non-Potable Water Produced at SMURRF (2016-2020) ......................................................................................................................................... 4-5
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Table 4-3. Summary of Santa Monica’s Water Conservation Program and Ordinances .............................................................................................................................. 4-7 Table 4-4. Key Components of the Optimal Conservation Program ............................... 4-8 Table 4-5 Summary of Water Use Projections for Santa Monica (2025 – 2040 in 5 Year Increments) ........................................................................................... 4-10 Table 6-1. Summary of Existing Water Supplies .................................................................... 6-2 Table 6-2. Summary of Treated Water Supply Availability for Each Water Supply ....................................................................................................................................... 6-3 Table 6-3. Summary of Groundwater Volume Pumped (Acre-Feet)1 ............................. 6-5 Table 6-4. 2018 Sustainable Yield Estimate (Richard C. Slade & Associates LLC, June 2018) ..................................................................................................................... 6-8 Table 6-5. Wastewater Collected Within Service Area in 2020 ..................................... 6-12 Table 6-6. Summary of Non-Potable Water Use from SMURRF (2016-2020) ......... 6-12 Table 6-7. 2015 UWMP Recycled Water Use Projection Compared to 2020 Actual ..................................................................................................................................... 6-13 Table 6-8. Methods to Expand Future Recycled Water Use ............................................ 6-14 Table 6-9. Expected Future Water Supply Projects or Programs ................................. 6-18 Table 6-10: Summary of Projected Available Water Supply ........................................... 6-19 Table 6-11. Summary of Energy Intensity for Santa Monica (Table 0-1B) ............... 6-20 Table 6-12. 2019 Energy Data for Water Production ........................................................ 6-21 Table 7-1. Summary of Current Water Supply Availability for Normal, Single-Dry, and Five-Consecutive Dry Years ............................................................. 7-3 Table 7-2. Summary of Future Water Supply Availability for Normal, Single Dry, and Five Consecutive Dry Years ............................................................................ 7-4 Table 7-3. Projected Water Supply and Demand for Normal Year (Acre-Feet) ........................................................................................................................................... 7-4 Table 7-4. Projected Water Supply and Demand for Single Dry Year (Acre-Feet) ........................................................................................................................................... 7-4 Table 7-5. Projected Water Supply and Demand for Five-Consecutive Dry Years (Acre-Feet) .................................................................................................................. 7-5 Table 7-6. DRA Projected Water Supplies and Use for 2021- 2025 ................................ 7-8 Table 9 1. Summary of the City’s Drought Rate Structure for 2020-2024. .................. 9-3
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Appendices Appendix A: California Water Code – Urban Water Management Planning Appendix B: Water Shortage Contingency Plan Appendix C: City Council Resolution Appendix D: SBX7-7 Verification Form Appendix E: SBX7-7 Compliance Form Appendix F: UWMP Submittal Tables Appendix G: Public Comments
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List of Acronyms 1,2,3-TCP 1,2,3-Trichloropropane Act Urban Water Management Planning Act ADU Accessory Dwelling Unit AF Acre-Feet AFY Acre-Feet Per Year AMI Advanced Metering Infrastructure AWTF Advanced Water Treatment Facility BMP Best Management Practice CBI Clean Beaches Initiative CIS Coastal Interceptor Sewer CRA Colorado River Aqueduct CTC Carbon Tetrachloride DCUs Data Collector Units DDW Division of Drinking Water DRA Drought Risk Assessment DWR California Department of Water Resources GAC Granular Activated Carbon GLAC IRWM Greater Los Angeles County Integrated Regional Water Management GPCD Gallons Per Capita Per Day GPF Gallons Per Flush GRRP Groundwater Replenishment Reuse Project GSA Groundwater Sustainability Agency GSP Groundwater Sustainability Plan MAF Million Acre-Feet MG Million Gallon MGD Million Gallons Per Day MOU Memorandum of Understanding MTBE Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether MTUs Meter Transmission Units MWD Metropolitan Water District of Southern California NAICS North American Industry Classification System NRC National Resource Council PCE Tetrachloroethylene RHNA Regional Housing Needs Assessment RO Reverse Osmosis SBX7-7 Senate Bill X7-7, Water Conservation Act of 2009 SCAG Southern California Association of Governments SGMA Sustainable Groundwater Management Act SMBGSA Santa Monica Basin Groundwater Sustainability Agency
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SMGB Santa Monica Groundwater Basin SMMC Santa Monica Municipal Code SMURRF Santa Monica Urban Runoff Recycling Facility SWIP Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project SWMP Sustainable Water Master Plan SWP State Water Project TCE Trichloroethylene UWMP Urban Water Management Plan VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds WCU Water Conservation Unit WELIS Water Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards WSCP Water Shortage Contingency Plan WSRP Water Shortage Response Plan WTP Water Treatment Plant WUA Water Use Allowance
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1 INTRODUCTION The California Legislature first enacted the Urban Water Management Planning Act (Act) in 1983. The Act requires urban water suppliers that provide water for municipal purposes to more than 3,000 customers or who supply more than 3,000 acre-feet (AF) of water annually, to prepare and adopt an Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP). UWMPs must be filed with the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) every five years describing and evaluating water use (also referred to as water demand), water supplies, and conservation activities (See Water Code § 10631). This UWMP for the City of Santa Monica (City) has been prepared in compliance with the Act, which has been codified in the California Water Code provided in Appendix A. Declarations and policies set forth in the Act can be found in §10608 and §106010 of the California Water Code. Among them are the following: that waters of the state are a limited and renewable resource subject to ever increasing demands; that the conservation and efficient use of urban water supplies are of statewide concern; that successful implementation of plans is best accomplished at the local level; that conservation and efficient use of water shall be actively pursued to protect both the people of the state and their water resources; that conservation and efficient use of urban water supplies shall be a guiding criterion in public decisions; and that urban water suppliers shall be required to develop water management plans to achieve conservation and efficient use.
1.1 NEW UWMP REQUIREMENTS The Act has been amended several times since its initial passage in 1983. Many of the amendments made since the 2015 UWMP were a result of the drought California experienced from 2012 to 2016. Some of the significant new requirements include:
• A reliability assessment of the City’s ability to provide water to meet its water use over five consecutive dry years (Section 7);
• A Drought Risk Assessment (DRA) that examines water supplies, water uses, and the resulting water supply reliability under a drought from 2021 to 2025 (Section 7);
• Estimating water service energy intensity (Section 6);
• A Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP), which serves as an action plan for the City during an actual or predicted drought or catastrophic water supply shortage (Section 8 and Appendix B); and
• Coordination with the local Groundwater Sustainability Agency (GSA).
1.2 OVERVIEW The UWMP aids water providers in analyzing past, current, and future water demands on their systems and assessing their ability to reliably serve customers. Specifically, the UWMP takes an in depth look at how water is used by different sectors in the City and how
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factors such as climate, population, conservation programs, and the economy, influence water usage. It also examines existing water supplies and how potential impacts such as regulatory changes, climate change, and aging infrastructure, may affect those supplies. Water providers are then able to use this information to plan water supply projects and conservation programs to help ensure reliable water service to their customers. The analysis performed for this 2020 UWMP found that the City continues to enhance its water service reliability and resiliency through on-going efforts at the local level. In 2015, the City established a Water Conservation Unit (WCU) to implement new conservation programs throughout the city. Water customers responded by reducing demand by approximately 20% and have sustained these levels despite Governor Brown declaring an end to the drought emergency in 2017. With regards to water supply, the City has continued to develop local water resources and reduce its reliance on imported water supplies from Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD). From 2016 to 2020, approximately 65% of the water supply was from local water resources and 35% was imported, compared to 55% and 45%, respectively, from 2010 to 2015. Because much of Southern California relies heavily on imported water, the continued development of local water resources provides water service reliability and resiliency to the City and the region. A summary of the City’s water supply make-up from 2010 through 2020 is provided in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1. Summary of Santa Monica’s Water Supply Make-Up from 2010-2020
TIME PERIOD MWD (AF) % OF TOTAL GROUND (AF) % OF TOTAL RECYCLED (AF) % OF TOTAL 2016-2020 35% 64% 1% 2010-2015 45% 54% 1% While the city is completely built out, population growth is expected in the near- and long-term. Over the last 5 years, the City has managed to offset water demand increases typical of population growth through conservation measures, including the City’s Water Neutrality Ordinance. As conservation programs become more established, however, the City understands that a multifaceted approach is needed to help ensure water service reliability. This point is further emphasized when considering other factors that have the potential to impact water supply, including climate change, aging infrastructure, and evolving regulations. To face these challenges, the City recently updated its Sustainable Water Master Plan (SWMP) that was adopted by City Council in November 2018. The intent of the 2018 SWMP update was to refine the pathway from the 2014 SWMP effort for the City to reach its goal
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of becoming water self-sufficient on local water resources and reducing its use of imported water. The refined pathway to achieve water self-sufficiency by 2023 in the 2018 SWMP also considered impacts of on-going drought conditions as well as new regulations that required additional treatment for restoring local groundwater supplies. The SWMP builds on the City’s previous successes by continuing to develop projects and programs at the local level to enhance the reliability and resiliency of the City’s water supply. When fully implemented, the projects outlined in the 2018 SWMP will provide a diversified, drought-resilient water supply portfolio that leverages all available water resources to the City. The key components of the SWMP are listed below and shown in Figure 1-1.
Component 1 – Increasing water conservation efforts to permanently reduce water demand.
Component 2 – Developing sustainable and drought resilient alternative water supplies.
Component 3 – Expanding local groundwater production within sustainable yield limits.
Figure 1-1. Overview of Key Components in the City’s 2018 Sustainable Water Master Plan
Update
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As part of the reliability assessments performed in Section 7, water supply availability was established for three scenarios: normal, single-dry, and five consecutive dry years. The period from 2010 through 2020 was selected for the assessment period since it is more representative of the City’s water supply reliability and drought risk going forward with the completion of the Charnock Well Field Restoration Project in 2010. In addition, the 2010-2020 time period also included one of the most severe single-year drought as well as five-consecutive-year drought conditions in the Southern California region. The assessment found that even under a five consecutive dry year scenario, the City maintains adequate water supplies to meet projected water demand through 2040. A summary of the five consecutive dry year scenario is provided in Table 1-2. Details regarding the assessment are provided in Section 7.2.
Table 1-2. Water Supply Availability and Demand for Five Consecutive Dry Years (Acre-Feet) 2025 2030 2035 2040
FIRST YEAR Supply totals 17,640 17,640 17,640 17,640 Demand totals 12,631 13,442 13,517 13,602 Difference 5,009 4,198 4,123 4,038
SECOND YEAR Supply totals 16,787 16,787 16,787 16,787 Demand totals 12,631 13,442 13,517 13,602 Difference 4,156 3,345 3,270 3,185
THIRD YEAR Supply totals 16,893 16,893 16,893 16,893 Demand totals 12,631 13,442 13,517 13,602 Difference 4,262 3,451 3,376 3,291
FOURTH YEAR Supply totals 17,000 17,000 17,000 17,000 Demand totals 12,631 13,442 13,517 13,602 Difference 4,369 3,558 3,483 3,398
FIFTH YEAR Supply totals 15,508 15,508 15,508 15,508 Demand totals 12,631 13,442 13,517 13,602 Difference 2,877 2,066 1,991 1,906
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1.3 ORGANIZATION OF 2020 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN The City’s 2020 UWMP is organized into the following sections:
Section 1 - Introduction Section 1 describes the UWMP Act and updates since 2015. It also provides an overview of the City’s 2020 UWMP, including a lay description of the factors considered in the development of the UWMP and reliability assessments.
Section 2 – Plan Preparation Section 2 describes the process used to prepare the UWMP. Plan development included coordination and outreach to local and regional stakeholders, notifications to the public of plan preparation, and a City Council meeting hearing to solicit comments from the public.
Section 3 – System Description This section provides a description of the City’s service area and other characteristics that influence the water system including climate and population.
Section 4 – Water Use Characterization Section 4 describes past, current, and projected future water use within the City’s service area. Water use trends in the City are analyzed and factors considered to project future water use are discussed.
Section 5 – SBX7-7 Baseline and Targets This section addresses requirements of the Water Conservation Act of 2009 (referred to as SBx7-7). In particular, information in this section demonstrates the City’s compliance with the Water Conservation Act of 2009, which requires a 20 percent reduction in urban per capita water use by 2020.
Section 6 – Water Supply Characterization Section 6 describes the City’s past, current, and projected future water supply. This section also discusses water supply challenges and actions the City is taking to enhance supply reliability and resiliency.
Section 7 – Water Service Reliability and Drought Risk Assessment This section presents an assessment of the reliability of the City’s water supplies by performing two assessments: a Water Service Reliability assessment and a Drought Risk Assessment (DRA). The Water Service Reliability assessment compares projected future water demands from Section 4 with expected water supplies from Section 6 under three different hydrologic conditions: a normal year; a single dry year; and multiple dry years.
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The DRA looks at the City’s water supply reliability under drought conditions for the years 2021 to 2025. Findings from the assessment concludes that if projected imported and local supplies are developed or maintained as anticipated, no water shortages are anticipated in the City’s service area during the planning period.
Section 8 – Water Shortage Contingency Plan Section 8 provides an overview of the City’s Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP). The WSCP serves as the City’s action plan for actual or anticipated water shortage conditions. The WSCP is a standalone document, included as Appendix B of this UWMP.
Section 9 – Demand Management Measures This section describes the City’s current and future conservation efforts to reduce water demand.
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2 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN PREPARATION California Water Code Section 10617 requires urban water suppliers providing water for municipal purposes to more than 3,000 customers or serving more than 3,000 AF annually to prepare and adopt an UWMP every five years. The City currently provides over 10,500 AF of water annually to approximately 18,400 service connections and therefore must meet this requirement (Table 2-1). The most recent UWMP was submitted by the City in June 2016.
Table 2-1. Retail – Public Water Systems
PUBLIC WATER
SYSTEM NUMBER
PUBLIC WATER
SYSTEM NAME
NUMBER OF
MUNICIPAL
CONNECTIONS 2020
VOLUME OF
WATER SUPPLIED
2020 CA1910146 SANTA MONICA-CITY, WATER DIVISION 18,398 10,514
2.1 LOCAL AND REGIONAL COORDINATION While this UWMP is specific to Santa Monica, the City recognizes the importance of regional coordination and collaboration. As such, the City has encouraged broad participation in the development of the 2020 UWMP. Please refer to Table 2-2 for a summary of regional coordination in preparing this UWMP. Copies of the City’s draft plan were made available for public review at City Hall, local public libraries in the City, and on the City’s Public Works/Water Resources website. The City also presented UWMP findings to the Task Force on the Environment, established by the Santa Monica City Council to advise City Council on environmental program and policy issues. The City noticed a public hearing to review and accept comments on the draft plan with more than 7 weeks in advance of the hearing. The notice of the public hearing was published in the local press on May 12, 2021 and May 20, 2021 and mailed to the City Clerk. On June 8, 2021, the City held a noticed public hearing to review and accept comments on the draft plan. Following the consideration of public comments received at the public hearing (Appendix C), the City adopted the 2020 UWMP on June 8, 2021. A copy of the City Council resolution approving the 2020 UWMP is included in Appendix C. As required by the Act, the 2020 UWMP is being provided by the City to DWR, the California State Library, and the public within 30 days of the City’s adoption.
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Table 2-2. Summary of Regional Coordination for Development of the 2025 UWMP
NOTIFIED OF PLAN
PREPARATION
CONTACTED FOR
ASSISTANCE
COMMENTED
ON DRAFT
NOTIFIED OF PUBLIC
HEARING
ATTENDED PUBLIC
HEARING
City Water Resources Division x x x x x
City Public Works
Department x x x x x
City Task Force on the Environment x x
City Manager's Office x x x
Santa Monica City Council x x x
The Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California
x x x
Santa Monica
Basin Groundwater Sustainability Agency (SMBGSA)
x x x x
CA Department of
Water Resources x
Los Angeles Department of Water and Power x x
Los Angeles
County x x
Santa Monica Neighborhood Organizations x x
Interested
General Public x x x
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3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
3.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The City of Santa Monica was founded in 1875 on the site of a land grant by Don Francisco Sepulveda and occupies 8.3 square miles (5,312 acres). The City started primarily as a seaside resort (see photo in Figure 3-1) and gradually became integrated into the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area as development in the Los Angeles Basin grew. During the first half of the twentieth century, Santa Monica’s population (along with most of California) grew quickly. To meet the needs of the expanding population, the City of Los Angeles constructed aqueducts to bring water from the Owens Valley to supply the needs of Los Angeles. Much of the western Los Angeles area was unincorporated around the early part of the twentieth century, which prompted the City of Los Angeles to offer a reliable water supply as an incentive for annexation to the City of Los Angeles. For many areas, this was a welcomed opportunity; however, the City desired to remain independent and purchased several existing small water purveyors, such as the Arcadia Water Company and the Venice Water Company, to create its own water supply and administrative agency in 1916.
Figure 3-1. City of Santa Monica (Circa 1920) The City, along with 12 other local governments, formed the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD) in 1928. MWD was originally created to build the Colorado River Aqueduct to supplement the water supplies of the original founding members in Southern California. Water was first delivered to the City in 1941 via the Colorado River Aqueduct. In 1972, MWD augmented its supply sources to include deliveries from the State Water Project via the California Aqueduct. Today, MWD serves more than 145 cities and 94 unincorporated communities across Southern California. The City continues to purchase MWD water to supplement its local water supply. From 1960 to 1980, Santa Monica’s
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population growth slowed dramatically, with the City experiencing a small decline in population from 1980 to 1990. This slow growth rate was largely due to Santa Monica’s limited size and the limited availability of land to be developed (see photo of Santa Monica today in Figure 3-2).
Figure 3-2. City of Santa Monica Today
3.2 SERVICE AREA BOUNDARY MAPS The City is an urban coastal community, bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean and the City of Los Angeles to the north, east, and south. The City's water service area consists entirely of the City of Santa Monica with limited service in the City of Los Angeles (Figure 3-3).
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Figure 3-3. City of Santa Monica Potable Water System
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3.3 SERVICE AREA CLIMATE The City experiences a Mediterranean climate, ranging from warm and generally dry summers to cool, relatively wet winters. Water usage in the City varies with changes in temperature and rainfall throughout the year. Historical weather information for the City was obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Network ID: GHCND:USW00093197. Summaries of the City’s monthly climate and rainfall from 2010 to 2020 are provided below in Table 3-1 and Table 3-2, respectively.
Table 3-1. City of Santa Monica Average High Temperature, 2010-2020 (Degrees Fahrenheit)
MONTH 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 AVERAGE
January 68 68 69 66 72 71 64 63 70 68 66 68
February 65 63 66 65 67 71 74 62 66 61 67 66
March 69 65 65 66 71 75 68 69 65 67 63 68
April 66 68 68 69 72 72 71 71 67 69 67 69
May 67 69 69 72 78 68 68 68 67 66 71 69
June 70 69 70 73 74 72 74 72 71 70 73 72
July 71 74 72 74 79 75 77 77 79 75 73 75
August 72 74 79 74 78 79 76 77 81 76 78 77
September 72 73 80 77 80 82 77 78 78 78 79 78
October 71 72 77 73 79 81 75 79 78 78 77 76
November 70 68 70 73 75 72 74 73 76 69 69 72
December 64 64 63 70 67 66 66 71 70 64 69 67
Table 3-2. City of Santa Monica Precipitation, 2010-2020 (Inches of Rainfall)
MONTH 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 AVERAGE
January 5.2 0.8 1.2 1.5 0.0 1.2 2.3 7.8 1.5 6.3 0.5 2.6
February 5.1 2.4 0.1 0.1 3.5 0.3 0.6 4.2 0.1 5.0 0.1 2.0
March 0.3 4.6 1.2 1.0 0.5 2.6 1.9 0.2 4.1 2.5 4.6 2.1
April 1.2 0.0 1.4 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 2.2 0.5
May 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.4 0.2 0.3
June 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
July 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
August 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
September 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2
October 1.8 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.4
November 0.7 1.6 1.5 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.9 0.1 1.9 1.5 0.1 0.8
December 9.6 0.7 2.9 0.1 3.5 1.1 4.2 0.0 2.1 4.7 1.3 2.7
Totals 24.1 12.1 8.4 3.3 8.5 8.6 10.6 12.7 10.4 21.4 8.9 11.7
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From 2010 to 2020, the City’s warmest months were generally from July through October. It is common for water demand to increase as the days get warmer and decrease as the weather cools down. During warmer months, the increase in water usage arise primarily from outdoor irrigation but swimming pools and consumption also plays a factor. A typical water usage pattern through the year, by month is given in Figure 3-4. Historical weather information was obtained from the NOAA and shows the correlation in demand and temperature.
Figure 3-4. Typical Average Monthly Temperature and Water Use Like temperature, rainfall also affects water usage. During rainy periods users tend to use less water, particularly for outdoor irrigation, thereby reducing water use during these times. From 2010 to 2020, the City received most of its rainfall during the months of November through March. During these wetter months, water usage in the City was less, on average, compared to other months as indicated in Figure 3-5.
400500600700800900100011001200
20304050607080 Volume (AF)Temperature (F)Demand Temp
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Figure 3-5. City of Santa Monica Average Monthly Water Use and Average Monthly Rainfall
3.4 CLIMATE CHANGE INFLUENCES Climate change models for Southern California forecast continued increases in ambient temperature, with a possible shift in precipitation events towards later in the regional wet season of October to April. Sea level and storm wave run up are also predicted to increase, with 12 – 61 cm (5-24 inches) of sea level rise expected by 2050 along the southern California coast. Knowing these factors will affect long-term water resource planning and existing coastal water infrastructure vulnerability, the City has implemented a review of climate change factors for new water utility capital projects. To further refine its evaluation of potential climate change impacts to its water supply, the City is exploring robust decision-making methods to model a focused suite of likely climate change scenarios, developed in consultation with the City’s Office of Sustainability and Environment and recognized climate change experts with local knowledge. The City, along with other members of the Santa Monica Basin Groundwater Sustainability Agency (SMBGSA), is also preparing a Groundwater Sustainability Plan (GSP) to comply with the California Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) of 2014. As part of the GSP development, various climate change scenarios, based on DWR guidance, will be modeled for the Santa Monica Groundwater Basin. These scenarios will be utilized to assess how to best ensure the sustainability and resiliency of the City’s water supply.
3.4.1 Climate Change Vulnerability Climate change in the coming decades is expected to test the City’s ability to sustainably manage its water resources, in particular its groundwater supply. However, along with
400500600700800900100011001200
0.000.501.001.502.002.503.003.50
Volume (AF)Rainfall (in.)Demand Rainfall
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these challenges come the opportunities for the City to apply innovative thinking and solutions to mitigate those components of climate change that most directly affect having a sustainable water supply. Chief among these are greenhouse gas emissions/energy, drought, temperature rise, sea level rise, saltwater intrusion/water quality, and flooding/storm surges that are discussed below.
3.4.1.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions/Energy Water, and especially imported water from the State Water Project or the Colorado River, is a carbon intensive resource. In 2010, the Santa Monica City Council adopted the objective of the City achieving water sustainability by eliminating its dependence on environmentally costly imported water for use as a potable supply. Currently, the City produces approximately 60 to 70 percent of its water supply from local groundwater. By using local groundwater, the City is offsetting the energy and emissions typically associated with water imported from Northern California and the Colorado River. To further reduce its water-related carbon footprint, the City has implemented various water conservation programs all designed to permanently reduce demand. The City has audited its water infrastructure to ensure it is energy efficient by upgrading equipment and selecting energy efficient pumps. In addition, the City is applying innovative approaches to water and wastewater infrastructure such as below grade construction of critical treatment facilities to allow for alternative uses for surface areas such as parks, and the inclusion of solar panels to projects in order to reduce energy consumption.
3.4.1.2 Drought and Temperature Rise As previously discussed, increased seasonal temperatures and cyclical periods of drought of varying duration are expected to have a measurable influence on the City’s water supply strategy and long-term demand. As currently evident in summer months, warmer temperatures typically give rise to increased water demands. Accordingly, further city-wide reductions in water demand through water conservation programs will greatly assist the City in maintaining its water use at levels which will support water self-sufficiency. Further assistance in meeting this challenge is the City’s broadening of its water supply portfolio to include alternative water supplies to enhance reliability and resiliency. The City is currently developing additional local water supplies with advanced treatment facilities for dry weather runoff, stormwater, municipal wastewater, and impaired/contaminated groundwater sources. By not relying on any one source of water and reducing its reliance on imported water supplies, the City will lower its vulnerability to drought and other natural disasters as it moves to meet its sustainability goal of becoming water self-sufficient.
3.4.1.3 Sea Level Rise Per the recommendations of the 2015 California Coastal Commission Sea Level Policy Guidance, the City considered the findings of the National Resource Council (NRC) 2012
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report, Sea-Level Rise for the Coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington: Past, Present and Future. According to the 2012 NRC report, for the California coast south of Cape Mendocino, and the separate projections for the Los Angeles region, sea level rise is expected to be on the order of 12 - 61cm (5 - 24 inches) by 2050, and 42-167 cm (1.4 ft. - 5.5 ft.) by 2100. The projection for the Los Angeles coast is 29 ± 9 cm (11 ± 4 inches) by 2050 and 93 ± 25 cm (3 ft. ± 10 inches) by 2100. Other recent studies propose alternative sea level rise with the average rise for the Pacific Coast estimated to be between 0.6 - 1.0 m (2.0 - 3.3 ft.) by 2100. If sea level rises as predicted by the currently available studies, the City would have ample time to adapt to the potential risk to any water-related infrastructure near the beach by implementing mitigation measures such as natural dune barriers, engineered hardening of some infrastructure, or by implementing adaptive retreat from areas of higher risk whereby infrastructure would be relocated landward.
3.4.1.4 Saltwater Intrusion/Water Quality If current NRC sea level projections are proven to be accurate, saltwater intrusion may be expected to change the quality of the shallow groundwater zones immediately adjacent to the coast and those low-lying areas where wave run-up would likely be higher. A recent 2017 exploratory boring drilled at Santa Monica City Hall, located approximately 1,200 feet northeast of the Santa Monica Pier, determined that highly brackish-saline groundwater conditions do not occur at that location until approximately 540 feet below ground surface. Future changes to water quality from the groundwater zones the City currently pumps from are not expected through 2050. This is primarily because the City’s principal water supply wellfields are located inland and remote from the coast. Overall, salinity intrusion due to climate change is expected to be gradual, allowing enough time to adjust groundwater extraction and modify the City’s reverse osmosis (RO) treatment facility in response. As part of the City’s participation in the SMBGSA, the GSP being developed will also model the potential of seawater intrusion, as a function of climate change and pumping practices, into the groundwater basin and develop sustainability criteria to prevent seawater intrusion. Therefore, vulnerability to saltwater intrusion is considered to be low as various sustainable management strategies and adaptive engineering measures are available for the local groundwater basin.
3.4.1.5 Flooding/Storm Surges With increases in sea level, an increased vulnerability to flooding and storm surges can be expected. Along the coast, flooding and storm surge can be exacerbated by sea level rise attributed to poor drainage conveyance systems, melting continental and sea ice, and volume expansion of the oceans due to thermal warming, winds, and tides. To assess for such vulnerability, the City consulted the USGS Coastal Storm Modeling System 3.0 (CoSMoS 3.0) during its Sustainable Water Master Plan development process. The CoSMoS 3.0 has generated a series of figures showing potential impact to various coastal areas, including the Santa Monica Beach and Pier, caused by varying increases in sea level rise
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and a coinciding 100-year storm event. As with the general effects of expected sea level rise, the City can adapt to the potential increase in storm surge or flooding attributable to the predicted gradual rise of sea level by implementing engineering mitigation measures. Based on this intrinsic ability, City topography, and the CoSMoS 3.0 modeling output, the risk of flooding or a storm surge adversely impacting water related infrastructure, including the Clean Beaches Initiative (CBI) Project and the Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project (SWIP), is considered to be low. However, the City simultaneously recognizes that large rogue storm events are possible.
3.5 SERVICE AREA POPULATION Figure 3-6 shows the City’s population from 2010 to 2020. The population data was obtained from the State of California Department of Finance. From 2010 to 2017, the City’s population grew from 89,736 to 92,995 and leveled off at an average of about 92,600 from 2018 to 2020. Typically, population growth increases water demand, however, new water conservation programs and policies implemented by the City’s Water Conservation Unit in 2015 have managed to offset the potential for impact by population growth as shown in Figure 3-6.
Figure 3-6. City of Santa Monica Annual Water Use and Population (2010-2020) It is important to note that as the City’s water conservation programs become more established, there will be correspondingly fewer opportunities for further conservation-based savings. In effect, future population growth may result in a measurable increase in water demand. To mitigate increases in water demands resulting from new developments,
89,736 90,317 90,608 91,352 92,002 92,706 92,773 92,995 92,790 92,480 92,357
88,000
89,000
90,000
91,000
92,000
93,000
94,000
- 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 PopulationWater Usage (Acre-Feet)Water Use (AF)Population
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the City recently enacted a Water Neutrality Ordinance1 in May 2017 where new developments are to maintain water neutral from its previous baseline water demand (average potable water use from the previous five years). A recent development that was not included in the City’s 2018 SWMP is the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) targets set by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) in 2020. The RHNA targets require the City to plan for 8,873 new housing units over the 2021 to 2029 planning period. After 2029, the City is expected to experience minimal population growth as the City will be considered built out. Based on the average household size of 1.9, the expected population with the additional housing units over the next 20 years is summarized in Table 3-3.
Table 3-3: City of Santa Monica Population Projection, 2020-2040
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 Population 92,357 100,305 109,243 109,573 109,903 Notes: Population data from City Planning Department, consistent with 2018 Sustainable Water Master Plan (City of Santa Monica - Water Resources Division, 2018)
3.5.1 Other Social, Economic, and Demographic Factors It is not unusual, during poor economic conditions and increased unemployment rates, to see a reduction in water demand. When the economy recovers and employment levels increase, there is generally a rebound in water use. The City’s average annual unemployment rates and corresponding water demands from 2010 to 2020 are summarized in Figure 3-7. Unemployment rates were obtained from the United States Bureau of Labor and Statistics. In 2010, average annual unemployment in the City was 10.7 percent following the recession from 2007 to 2009. As the economy recovered from 2011 to 2014, the economy improved (based on unemployment), and annual water demand increased.
1 https://www.qcode.us/codes/santamonica/view.php?topic=7-7_16-7_16_050&frames=on
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Figure 3-7. City of Santa Monica Yearly Water Use and Unemployment Rate As mentioned previously, the noticeable decrease in water demand starting in 2015 was due to the establishment of the City’s Water Conservation Unit. From 2016 to 2019 water use continued to stay below 2015 levels, and the community continued to conserve even with the improving economy, suggesting a sustained behavioral change in the City with regards to water conservation. The relationship between water use and economic activity is also illustrated by considering the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic that started in early 2020. In 2020 unemployment jumped to 11% due to the pandemic. Overall water used in 2020 was approximately 10,514 AF, the lowest of the years analyzed (2010 to 2020) despite lower than average rainfall and about average temperature and population compared to 2015 to 2019. Under normal circumstances, these factors would typically result in higher water usage. Instead, water use dropped by 8% when compared to the previous five-year average (2015-2019) indicating the decrease was likely due to economic impacts of the pandemic as the City has a strong tourism economy.
3.5.2 Land Uses within Service Area Land use in the City is principally composed of single and multi-family residences, a centralized business and commercial district, and some institutional and industrial areas. In 2020, 177 multi-family and 252 single-family account were enrolled in the City’s low-income assistance program. Since the area is mostly built-out, changes in land use types will result from re-development of existing lots. A districting map from the City’s planning department is provided in Figure 3-8.
12181 12401 12758 13015 13036 11352 11464 11502 11651 11030 1051410.7%10.4%
9.3%
8.3%
7.0%
5.6%5.0%4.5%4.4%4.2%
11.0%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
02000400060008000100001200014000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Unemployment Rate (%)Water Demand (AF)Water Demand Unemployment Rate
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Figure 3-8. City of Santa Monica Official Districting Map
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4 WATER USE CHARACTERIZATION A thorough analysis of historical water use provides valuable insights that are a vital part of water resource planning. This section analyzes water use by sector to gain a more detailed understanding of water use trends in the City. Trends discerned from the analysis are then considered in the context of other factors that affect water usage, such as land use, population change, and conservation, to project future water use. In Section 7, these projections are compared with water supply projections made in Section 6 to assess the reliability of the City’s water service.
4.1 OVERVIEW OF PAST WATER USE Billing data for the period 2010 to 2020 were compiled to analyze past water use in the City. This time frame was chosen to understand recent historical water use patterns in the City. It also includes water use data during one of the most severe droughts in the state’s history, which allows some understanding of usage during multi-year drought conditions (see Figure 4-1 for drought periods from the past two decades).
Historical Drought Conditions – Los Angeles County; D0-Abnormally Dry; D1-Moderate Drought; D2-Severe Drought; D3-Extreme Drought;
D4-Exceptional Drought (Source: https://www.drought.gov/states/california/county/Los%20Angeles)
Figure 4-1. Summary of Drought Conditions from 2000-2020 The period from 2010 to 2020 also provides a useful contrast of water usage just before and after 2015, when the City established its Water Conservation Unit (WCU) and entered Stage 2 of its Water Shortage Response Plan (WSRP). Stage 2 of the WSRP established mandatory water use restrictions including a Water Use Allowance (WUA) for each water customer. The WUA is calculated as a percentage of the baseline year’s (calendar year 2013) water usage. The calculated WUA for Stage 2 is 20 percent of calendar year 2013’s usage. Since groundwater is a big part of the City’s water supply and the effects of drought
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are long term, the City continues to remain in Stage 2 despite Governor Brown declaring an end to the drought in April 2017.
4.1.1 Water Use Sectors The City categorizes water billing data by different uses. By doing so, billing data provides valuable water use information including which sectors consume the most water and how policies, such as implementation of water conservation programs, affect usage. The sectors analyzed are consistent with those found in the State’s Water Code and are defined below. Some sectors listed in the Water Code, such as agricultural, are not used in the City but are described for clarification, rather than being left out of this UWMP. The complete list of water use sectors can be found in Section 10631(d) of the Water Code. Water use sectors listed in the Water Code include the following:
• Single-Family Residential. A single-family dwelling unit. A lot with a free-standing building containing one dwelling unit that may include a detached secondary dwelling. This is a retail demand.
• Multi-Family. Multiple dwelling units contained within one building or several buildings within one complex.
• Commercial. A water user that provides or distributes a product or service.
• Industrial. A water user that is primarily a manufacturer or processor of materials as defined by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code sectors 31 to 33, inclusive, or an entity that is a water user primarily engaged in research and development. It should be noted that the industrial sector makes up a very small percentage of water use in the City (less than 1.5 % of total commercial use). As a result, industrial and commercial usage were combined for the purposes of analysis and discussion in this UWMP update.
• Institutional. A water user dedicated to public service. This type of user includes, among other users, higher-education institutions, schools, courts, churches, hospitals, government facilities, and nonprofit research institutions.
• Landscape. Water connections supplying water solely for landscape irrigation. Such landscapes may be associated with multi-family, commercial, industrial, or institutional/governmental sites, but are considered a separate water use sector if the connection is solely for landscape irrigation.
• Sales to Other Agencies. These are water sales made to another agency. The City does not sell water to any other agency.
• Groundwater Recharge. The managed and intentional replenishment of natural groundwater supplies using man-made conveyances such as infiltration basins or
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injection wells. The City currently does not perform groundwater recharge but plans to in the near future.
• Saline Water Intrusion Barriers. Injection of water into a freshwater aquifer to prevent the intrusion of saltwater. The City does not use water for saline water intrusion barriers.
• Agricultural Water. Water used for commercial agricultural irrigation. There are no agricultural water users in the City.
• Distribution System Losses. Water losses from the water distribution system.
• Other (Fire). Water used for the maintenance and testing of fire suppression systems, hydrant flushing, etc.
4.1.2 Past Water Use by Sector (Potable) Water usage for the City is tracked by six of the water sectors described above, including Single Family Residential, Multi-Family Residential, Commercial/Industrial, Institutional, Landscape, and Other (Fire). Trends for these sectors from 2010 to 2020 are shown in Figure 4-2.
Figure 4-2. Summary of Water Use Trends by Sector in the City of Santa Monica The predominate water usage within the City is by residential users, which account for more than two-thirds of the City’s total water consumption. Total water usage in the Multi-Family Residential category is about double compared to the Single-Family Residential. Over the last five years, there was a significant decrease in usage when compared to the period prior to 2015, which illustrates residents’ response to calls for conservation during
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the prolonged drought from 2012 to 2016. Over the last five years, water usage for Multi-Family and Single-Family Residential users remained static from 2016 to 2017, however, Single-Family usage went up slightly in 2018. This slight uptick, which was common across the state, was likely due to the announcement ending the drought emergency in April 2017 and lower rainfall experienced in 2018. In 2019, the City received abnormally high rainfall, which resulted in a noticeable decrease in residential water usage. This was followed by a slight increase in usage in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic which resulted in individuals working from home and following stay at home orders. Overall, while there were moderate fluctuations in water use since 2015, residents have sustained conservation reductions despite the end of the drought emergency in 2017. Commercial/Industrial water consumption is similar in magnitude to the Single-Family Residential sector and is approximately 25% of the total water usage within the City. The water usage by the Commercial/Industrial sector also saw a noticeable decrease after 2015 and was relatively static from 2016 to 2019. During 2020, however, the City saw a substantial decrease of about 30% by Commercial/Industrial users compared to 2016 to 2019. This was attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic which included mandated business closures and many employees working from home. The Landscape sector accounts for about 4% of water use in the City. Like Single-Family Residential, the Landscape sector usage increased slightly in 2018, followed by a decrease in 2019, and slightly below average use in 2020. Institutional water use accounts for approximately 3% of total water usage in the City. Similar to the Commercial/Industrial sector, the Institutional sector was relatively static from 2016 to 2019 and saw a significant decrease of about 34% in 2020, due to mandated closures resulting from COVID-19. The fire use sector includes water used for the maintenance and testing of fire suppression systems and hydrant flushing. This sector makes up less than 1% of the total water use in the City and has remained about the same over the last five years. Overall water usage in 2020 totaled 10,542 AF, the lowest in the last five years. When compared to the average use from 2016 to 2019, 2020 water use was about 8% lower. As discussed in Section 3, 2020 saw less than average rainfall, experienced about average temperature, and the population was about average compared to 2015 to 2019 levels. Under normal circumstances, these factors tend to result in higher water usage. As described above, this indicates that the significant decrease in water usage seen in 2020 was likely due to impacts related to the COVID-19 pandemic. A summary of the water consumption by sector from 2016 through 2020 is provided in Table 4-1.
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Table 4-1. Summary of Water Use by Sector in Santa Monica (2016-2020)
SECTOR 2016 2017 2018 2019 ‘16 – ‘19 AVERAGE 2020 Single Family Residential 2,656 2,641 2,773 2,556 2,657 2,756 Multi-Family Residential 4,970 4,987 4,917 4,752 4,906 4,944 Commercial/Industrial 2,974 3,030 3,028 2,914 2,986 2,100 Institutional 414 399 474 356 411 273 Landscape Irrigation 447 440 456 450 448 438 Fire 3 5 3 3 3 2
Total 11,464 11,502 11,651 11,030 11,431 10,542
4.1.3 Non-Potable Water Use The City has a dedicated recycled water system that provides service to 30 metered locations. The primary use of recycled water is for landscape irrigation, but it is also used for street sweeping, sewer jetting, and for lavatories at two facilities. Recycled water is distributed from the Santa Monica Urban Runoff Recycling Facility (SMURRF), which captures and treats urban runoff from the storm drain system. Prior to SMURRF operations, the runoff discharged to Santa Monica Bay and adversely impacted water quality. The SMURRF has a treatment capacity of up to 560 AFY, however, production is currently limited due to scarce runoff supply to the facility. Non-potable use from 2016 to 2020 is provided in Table 4-2.
Table 4-2. Summary of Non-Potable Water Produced at SMURRF (2016-2020) 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Non-Potable Use (AF) 89 98 95 71 57
Construction of the City’s Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project (SWIP) commenced in 2020 and will increase available recycled water supply to the City. Details regarding the SWIP are provided in Section 6.
4.1.4 Distribution System Water Losses Distribution system water loss, defined as the difference between water supplied to the system less authorized consumption, has declined linearly during this entire reporting period. The City meets the Water Loss Audit Standard through its participation in annual water audits. The audits are validated by an independent third-party according to American Water Works Association (AWWA) standards. In 2015 the total water loss was 3.8% and in 2016 it was 1.6%. Subsequent years to date have yielded water consumption exceeding water supplied (Appendix F, Table 4-4).
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The discrepancy has been attributed to several factors. First, there is a timing issue with the manual meter reading. The City maintains a 60-day billing cycle so there is a lag in consumption data relative to source water entering the system. Second, the metering of the source water entering the City’s distribution system are in multiple locations. The City’s water system has four sources entering the system; two MWD feeder services, Santa Monica Well 1 and the Arcadia Water Treatment Plant. MWD’s two feeder service lines both have meters and are maintained by MWD. Santa Monica Well 1 has a dedicated magmeter. The Arcadia Water Treatment Plant does not have a single flowmeter for the potable water produced. Rather, potable water effluent flow from the Arcadia Water Treatment Plant is a composite of multiple internal plant flowmeters. These internal flows originate from internal bypass flows and reverse osmosis product flows. It is likely that the discrepancies in reporting are due to variations in accuracy from the various flow meters.
4.2 PROJECTED WATER USE CONSIDERATIONS The previous sections in this Section detailed historical water consumption, which serves as the basis for understanding water use patterns in the City. While historical data provides valuable insight into water use trends, additional factors including anticipated changes in land use, climate, and water use codes, standards, and ordinances are also important factors that should be considered when projecting future water use. To this end, the City’s Planning Division was consulted to incorporate land use planning data such as population growth into future water use projections. The City’s WCU provided projections of how conservation programs, and water use codes, standards, and ordinances may impact future water consumption in the City. The Water Resources Division also aligned climate change assumptions used for this UWMP with those used for a GSP being developed for the Santa Monica Groundwater Basin (SMGB).
4.2.1 Coordination with Planning Division The City’s Planning Division is currently working on a Housing Element Update for 2021-2029, which requires the City to plan for 8,873 new housing units in the 8-year period. The housing unit allocation is based on the 2020 Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA), developed by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). Based on the average household size of 1.9, the City estimates that the additional units will result in a total population of 109,497 people in 2030 or an increase of 15-20% from the population projections in the 2018 SWMP. Most of this growth envisioned will be multifamily residential units, 69% of which would be affordable units. The City also anticipates that a very small percentage of the additional units (about 500-800 units) will be Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs), while the single-family residential sector will likely remain unchanged. The City is completely built out with very little (less than 0.05%) undeveloped area. These undeveloped areas are limited to the beach and public open spaces, such as parks. It is
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likely that much of the residential growth will occur within existing developed properties near transit, including downtown and major boulevards. To accommodate this growth, existing commercial/industrial land uses would likely be redeveloped into residential or mixed uses. Hence, only minimal to moderate growth is anticipated for the commercial/industrial water use sectors.
4.2.2 Water Use Ordinances, Codes, Standards, and Conservation Programs The City has a long history of promoting water conservation. In 2002, the City initiated its Water Efficiency Strategic Plan and in 2004 began implementing various conservation programs including the No Water Waste and Green Building Ordinances. In 2014, City Council authorized the significant expansion of staffing and funding to augment the City’s water conservation efforts to address the state-wide drought and help the City meet its self-sufficiency goal. This contributed to a water demand reduction of approximately 20 percent from 2015–2020, which equates to savings of approximately 2,500 AFY. Current water conservation programs and ordinances in the City are provided in Table 4-3.
Table 4-3. Summary of Santa Monica’s Water Conservation Program and Ordinances
CURRENT WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAMS
(See Section 9 for Additional Details)
2015 - Ongoing • Water Use Allowances • Water Use Allowance Exceedance Citations • Water School • Water Use Consultations • Enhanced Landscape Rebate Program • Landscape Consultations • Sustainable Landscape Trainings • Enhanced Water Waste Patrols • Enhanced MWD Water Conservation Rebate Incentive Program • Free Water Saving Items • Marketing and Outreach (see Section 9.2.4) • Customer Support
2015-2018 • Multi-Family Toilet Direct Install Program
2016 – Ongoing • Water Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards (WELIS) (SMMC 8.108)
2017-2020 • School District (K-12) Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to Fund Water Conservation
2017 – Ongoing • Water Neutrality Ordinance (SMMC 7.16.050) • Water Neutrality Direct Install Program
2018 – 2019 • School Education Pilot Program
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The City evaluated the potential for further water efficiency and conservation in all customer sectors as part of its 2018 SWMP. This included an assessment of the current level of water fixtures, as well as identifying where the greatest opportunities for reducing water consumption existed. Based on this analysis, a plan was developed to reach the City’s long-term objectives via existing and new conservation programs. City staff modeled three conservation plans: Optimal, Enhanced, and 90 gallons per capita per day (GPCD). Staff met with industry experts to review and receive input on the modeling effort and the proposed conservation programs. A panel of outside experts supported both the Optimal and Enhanced conservation plans and the proposed programs that comprise them. Based on the assessment, the City selected the Optimal conservation plan, which continues the successful ongoing programs and increases water conservation in untapped areas summarized in Table 4-4. These areas include funding of retrofits in Santa Monica-Malibu Unified School District facilities and landscapes, commercial sector fixture retrofits and enhanced rebates, coin-operated laundry machine retrofits, increase in Water Neutrality offsets and direct installation of water efficient fixtures, rebates for new technologies, enhanced water conservation education and enforcement, additional sustainable landscape conversions, additional outreach to assist customers, new marketing and outreach programs, and incorporating limited-term employees as part of the water conservation team. The Optimal Conservation Plan was revised and its timeline updated to reflect the impacts that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on staffing levels to administer the water conservation program as well as available funding.
Table 4-4. Key Components of the Optimal Conservation Program OPTIMAL WATER CONSERVATION PLAN: FUTURE, ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS Revised due to COVID-19 staff and budget reductions (See Section 9 for Additional Details)
2021 – 2025 (Pending budget approvals) • Develop Water Conservation Programs Master Plan • Marketing/Messaging Program for “Conservation as a Way of Life” and Potential Drought Resurgence • Targeted Commercial Sector Programs: Expanded School Education Program • Performance Pays • School District Retrofits via Water Neutrality Direct Install Program • Greywater System Permitting Guidebook • Flow Measuring and Irrigation Controller Devices Incentives • Clothes Washer Incentive for Multi-Family • Irrigation System Audit and Repair
Implementation of the existing conservation programs with the addition of supplemental conservation efforts is expected to continue water demand reductions through 2040.
2020 – Present • Spray to Drip Irrigation Conversion Rebate
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Conservation will play a critical role in the City’s march toward water self-sufficiency by continuing to reduce overall use even in the face of demand from new housing and from the commercial and institutional sectors of the local economy.
4.2.3 Climate Change Climate change considerations for the 2020 UWMP were aligned with those being used to develop the GSP for the SMBGSA. The GSP is using climate change datasets provided by DWR that were originally developed for the Water Storage Investment Program (DWR 2018). These datasets were derived from a collection of 20 global climate projections. The central tendency of each of the 20 projections was used to establish projected climate conditions. Using DWR climate change factors, temperature in the Santa Monica Groundwater Subbasin is expected to increase, while average annual precipitation is projected to remain relatively constant. The timing of the precipitation is, however, projected to change with more precipitation received in January and February, and less precipitation received in October, November, and December. Overall, evapotranspiration is projected to increase relative to historical rates, which reflects the projected increases in temperature.
4.3 PROJECTED WATER USE Projected water use in five-year increments up to 2040 are summarized in Table 4-5 and shown in Figure 4-3. These projections reflect the City’s estimated water use by sector considering the analysis and considerations described in the previous sections. It should be noted that although there is a Water Neutrality Ordinance in place for the City, as a conservative planning approach, the water use projections do not assume water neutrality for the projected increase in housing units from the 2020 Regional Housing Needs Assessment.
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Table 4-5 Summary of Water Use Projections for Santa Monica (2025 – 2040 in 5 Year Increments) 2025 2030 2035 2040 Population 100,305 109,243 109,573 109,903 Single Family Residential 2,646 2,646 2,646 2,646 Multi-Family Residential 5,533 6,261 6,288 6,324 Commercial and Industrial 2,992 3,036 3,081 3,126 Institutional and Governmental 409 409 409 409 Landscape 446 446 446 446 Other (Fire) 3 3 3 3 Subtotal 12,029 12,802 12,874 12,954 Distribution Loss (Estimated 5%) 601 640 644 648
Total 12,631 13,442 13,517 13,602
Total w/Additional Conservation 11,867 11,809 11,711 11,650
Figure 4-3. Projected Water Use Trends (2025 – 2040 in 5 Year Increments)
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5 SBX7-7 BASELINE AND TARGETS
5.1 INTRODUCTION With the adoption of the Water Conservation Act of 2009, also known as the SBX7-7, the State of California required urban per capita water use be reduced by 20 percent by the year 2020. To meet this objective, each retail urban water supplier was required to develop and meet an urban water use target for the year 2020. The City of Santa Monica has achieved its water use reduction target and the 2020 UWMP provides the Verification and Compliance forms (Appendix D and Appendix E, respectively) demonstrating the agency’s compliance with SBX7-7.
5.2 BASELINES AND TARGETS (SBX7-7 VERIFICATION FORM, APPENDIX D) The City determined its SBX7-7 baseline and target in the 2015 UWMP and is not revising these calculations for demonstrating compliance in the 2020 UWMP. The State provided multiple methodologies to achieve compliance. In the 2015 UWMP, the City chose the most aggressive water conservation method (Target Method 1), which requires a 20% reduction from a ten-year baseline (measured in GPCD). The baseline for the City for the ten-year period 1996-2005 is 154 GPCD (see SBX7-7 Table 5 in Appendix D SBX7-7 Verification Form). As a result, the 2020 Target is 123 GPCD. (see SBX7-7 Table 7-A in Appendix D, SBX7-7 Verification Form). The data and calculations used in the 2015 UWMP for Target Method 1 are reproduced in the applicable tables that comprise the SBX7-7 Verification Form (see Appendix D). A summary of the Verification Form is provided below in Submittal Table 5-1. (Note: All retail suppliers are required to submit the standardized tables in the SBX7-7 Verification Form with their 2020 UWMPs. These standardized tables were available in 2015 and are required again in 2020 to demonstrate compliance with SBX7-7).
SUBMITTAL TABLE 5-1 BASELINES AND TARGETS SUMMARY
FROM SB X7-7 VERIFICATION FORM (RETAIL SUPPLIER OR REGIONAL ALLIANCE ONLY)
Baseline Period Start Year * End Year * Average Baseline GPCD* Confirmed 2020 Target*
10-15 year 1996 2005 154 123 5 Year 2003 2007 148
*All cells in this table should be populated manually from the supplier's SBX7-7 Verification Form and reported in Gallons per Capita per Day (GPCD) Notes: Please see Appendix D for the complete SBX7-7 Verification Form.
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5.3 COMPLIANCE (SBX7-7 COMPLIANCE FORM, APPENDIX E) In the 2020 UWMP, each retail supplier must demonstrate compliance with SBX7-7 by determining the actual 2020 GPCD from the gross water volume of water into the distribution system and the population served in 2020. These values and calculations are summarized in Table 5 of the SBX7-7 Compliance Form (see Appendix E) which has been copied below for convenience.
SB X7-7 TABLE 5: 2020 GALLONS PER CAPITA PER DAY (GPCD)
2020 Gross Water Fm SB X7-7 Table 4 2020 Population Fm SB X7-7 Table 3 2020 GPCD
10,662 92,357 103 Notes: See Table 3 and Table 4 in the Compliance Form for details. In similar fashion to the SBX7-7 Verification Form, all retail suppliers are required to submit the applicable standardized tables of the SBX7-7 Compliance Form with their 2020 UWMPs. Please see Appendix E for the City’s completed Compliance Form. A summary of the Compliance Form is provided below in Submittal Table 5-2.
SUBMITTAL TABLE 5-2: 2020 COMPLIANCE
FROM SB X7-7 2020 COMPLIANCE FORM (RETAIL SUPPLIER OR REGIONAL ALLIANCE ONLY) 2020 GPCD 2020 Confirmed Target GPCD* Did Supplier Achieve Targeted Reduction for 2020? Y/N Actual 2020 GPCD* 2020 TOTAL Adjustments* Adjusted 2020 GPCD* (Adjusted if applicable) 103 0 103 123 YES
*All cells in this table should be populated manually from the supplier's SBX7-7 2020 Compliance Form and reported in Gallons per Capita per Day (GPCD) NOTES: Please see Appendix E for the complete SBX7-7 Compliance Form.
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6 WATER SUPPLY CHARACTERIZATION
6.1 WATER SUPPLY ANALYSIS OVERVIEW The City supplies potable water through a combination of local groundwater from the Santa Monica Groundwater Basin (SMGB) and water purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD) that is imported from the Colorado River or the State Water Project. The City’s local groundwater supply provides, on average, approximately 60-70 percent of the total water supply and is supplemented by imported water purchased from MWD to meet the City’s water demands, approximately 30-40 percent of the total water supply. A small amount of non-potable water, less than 1 percent of the total water supply, is available to the City. The City’s local groundwater is replenished by percolation from precipitation and mountain front recharge from the Santa Monica Mountains. Groundwater supply has historically been impacted by third-party contamination that limited groundwater production. In recent years, groundwater usage has also been limited by aging infrastructure, particularly groundwater production wells operating beyond the typical useful life. To help ameliorate these impacts, the City conducts extensive groundwater monitoring programs and is working to proactively replace aging infrastructure. MWD imports water from Northern California and the Colorado River, which depend heavily on hydrologic conditions (e.g., snowpack in the Sierra Nevada in Northern California). Varying hydrologic conditions have led to wide variability in MWD’s water storage reserves in recent years. For instance, the recent drought from 2012 to 2016 depleted MWD’s dry year storage reserves. This was followed by the wettest year on record in 2017 and another wet year in 2019 that filled up MWD’s storage reservoirs. As a result, MWD ended 2019 with a record 3.1 million acre-feet (MAF) in dry year storage reserves (Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, 2020)2, however, 2020 saw the return of another dry year. The City is working towards reducing its reliance on imported water supplies by developing local water resources. These projects are described in detail in Section 6.3.6. A small amount of non-potable water (less than one percent of total water supply) is available from the City’s Santa Monica Urban Runoff Recycling Facility (SMURRF). The SMURRF provides non-potable water for uses such as irrigation, toilet flushing, and street sweeping. Additional projects are currently in progress to expand the City’s use of recycled water and increase local supply to help achieve the City’s goal of water self-sufficiency. A brief summary of the City’s water supply components is provided in Table 6-1 and anticipated supply availability from each source is summarized in Table 6-2. The City used 2 http://www1.mwdh2o.com/DocSvcsPubs/mwd_newsletter/Jan2020/email.html
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the time period between 2010 and 2020 to establish the Normal, Single Dry, and Five-Consecutive Year drought for available treated water supply. This time period is more representative of the City’s water supply reliability and drought risk going forward as 2010 established the new baseline for local water supplies when the City restored its major groundwater well field back to full production. In addition, the time period also includes one of the single worst drought year in recorded history in 2014 where it registered as the hottest year in California in 1,200 years according to the National Weather Service.
Table 6-1. Summary of Existing Water Supplies
WATER
SUPPLY DESCRIPTION Local Groundwater Basins Charnock, Arcadia, and Olympic Sub-basins Major sources of local groundwater is provided through ten (10) groundwater wells. Five groundwater wells at the Charnock Well Field (Charnock 13, 16, 18, 19 and 20), three groundwater wells in the Arcadia Well Field (Arcadia 4, Arcadia 5, and Santa Monica 1), and two groundwater wells in the Olympic Well Field (Santa Monica 3 and Santa Monica 4). The local groundwater treatment facilities currently consist of:
Charnock Treatment Unit - Provides biological granular activated carbon (GAC) treatment for contaminated wells, followed by additional treatment at Arcadia.
Arcadia Water Treatment Plant (WTP) - Provides reverse osmosis (RO) treatment to soften the City’s groundwater supply.
Other Sub-basins The Coastal sub-basin will be maintained as a water supply reliability reserve. Initial exploration and investigation efforts to quantify water quality and yield for the Coastal sub-basin is being conducted.
Key Considerations From 1997 – 2010, the City’s largest groundwater wellfield, Charnock wellfield, was shut down due to third party contamination. An agreement with the responsible parties provided settlement funds, which to date have funded an upgrade to the Arcadia WTP and new treatment facility at Charnock. Production from the Olympic Sub-basin is currently limited due to contamination by a third party. Imported Water MWD Connections The City receives imported water at two connections with MWD, turnouts capable of delivering up to 100 percent of the local water needs.
Key Considerations Imported surface water supply from MWD is used to supplement the City’s local water supplies in order to meet overall water demands in the City. The Tier 1 allotment for the City is approximately 7,406 AFY.
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WATER SUPPLY DESCRIPTION Conservation Local Conservation Efforts In response to state-wide drought conditions in 2015, the City implemented various water conservation measures that resulted in a permanent water demand reduction of approximately 18 percent or approximately 2,500 acre-feet per year (AFY). The average annual water consumption was reduced from 140 gallons per capita per day (GPCD) to 110 GPCD. Recycled Water Recycled Water (Alternative Water supply) The City currently captures and treats dry weather urban runoff at the SMURRF to produce non-potable water that is used for irrigation and toilet flushing to offset potable water demand.
Table 6-2. Summary of Treated Water Supply Availability for Each Water Supply
SOURCE NORMAL YEAR1 SINGLE DRY YEAR AVERAGE FIVE-YEAR CONSECUTIVE DROUGHT Local Groundwater 7,121 AFY 5,181 AFY 7,203 AFY Imported Water Supply 7,406 AFY2 7,406 AFY2 7,406 AFY2 Total 14,527 AFY 12,587 AFY 14,609 AFY 1The normal year is estimated using the average of total water supply available from 2010 through 2020 2Lowest MWD Tier 1 allotment was assumed
6.2 WATER SUPPLY CHARACTERIZATION A detailed description for each water supply available to the City currently is provided in this section and organized as follows:
• Local Groundwater
• Purchased/Imported Water
• Non-Potable Water
6.2.1 Groundwater Groundwater from the SMB is the primary source of water supply for the City. The basin is unadjudicated and encompasses an area of 50.2 square miles in western Los Angeles County and overlies the entire City of Santa Monica, Culver City, Beverly Hills, and portions of western Los Angeles. Currently the City is the sole municipal-supply producer of groundwater from the SMB. The only other existing groundwater withdrawals are from one privately-owned residential irrigation well, and irrigation wells at three golf courses, namely the Brentwood Country Club, the Riviera Country Club, and the Los Angeles Country Club. To comply with the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act of 2014, the City along with the City of Beverly Hills, Culver City, City of Los Angeles, and the Los
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Angeles County has formed the SMBGSA to develop a Groundwater Sustainability Plan to manage the SMB. The SMB is bounded by impermeable rocks of the Santa Monica Mountains to the north, the Ballona Escarpment to the south, the Newport-Inglewood fault to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. In 2007, MWD published a study describing the numerous groundwater basins within its large service area. In that study, MWD delineated five separate sub-basins within the SMB, namely the Arcadia, Charnock, Coastal, Crestal, and Olympic sub-basins as indicated in Figure 6-1 (Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, 2007).
Figure 6-1. Santa Monica Basin and Sub-Basin Boundaries Currently, the City obtains its local groundwater via the Charnock, Olympic, and Arcadia sub-basins. Table 6-3 below provides the total raw groundwater pumped from the
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respective sub-basins from 2016 to 2020. Please note the groundwater production figures summarized in Table 6-3 are for raw groundwater extracted for treatment. A brief description of each groundwater sub-basin is provided in the subsequent sections below.
Table 6-3. Summary of Groundwater Volume Pumped (Acre-Feet)1
GROUNDWATER SUB-BASIN 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Arcadia 698 707 514 697 366 Charnock 8,311 7,585 7,993 7,882 5,442 Olympic 1,992 1,720 1,487 1,463 568
Total 11,001 10,013 9,994 10,042 6,4002 1Numbers summarized below are for raw groundwater extracted for treatment at the City’s water treatment facility, which has a recovery of 75-80 precent. 2Local groundwater production in 2020 was impacted by unforeseen outages in four groundwater wells that accounted for approximately 40% of the total capacity and supply chain issues as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
6.2.1.1 Charnock Sub-basin (Charnock Well Field) The Charnock well field, located in the Charnock Sub-basin, consists of five groundwater wells: Charnock 13, Charnock 16, Charnock 18, Charnock 19, and Charnock 20. The well field is the most productive of the City’s three well fields and majority of the current operating groundwater wells were installed in the 1980s, with the exception of Charnock 20 which was replaced in 2012. The Charnock Well Field is located in the City of Los Angeles and is the site of the Windward School, a private school which leases the property from the City of Santa Monica. Under normal operating conditions, groundwater production from the Charnock well field averages approximately 8,000 AFY. Minimum and maximum groundwater withdrawals have been: 0 AFY in the 13-year period 1997-2009, inclusive, which was caused by problems relating to third party groundwater contamination at and near this well field; and 8,377 AF in 2014. In the mid-1990s, while testing its groundwater, the City discovered contamination of its groundwater in the form of the gasoline additive Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE). Years earlier, MTBE had been added to gasoline as part of the state of California’s Clean Air Act. As a result, in 1996 the City shut down its Charnock wells while an investigation into MTBE began. After some investigation, the City discovered that MTBE added to gasoline had leaked from underground storage tanks at gas stations and from gasoline pipelines. Many gas stations and pipelines surrounded the City’s water wells, which provided numerous potential sources for MTBE leaks. Once it escaped, MTBE readily traveled through soil and into the groundwater aquifers where it bonded almost completely with the water. Under natural
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conditions, MTBE biodegrades slowly, if at all. Eventually, MTBE was banned as a gasoline additive in California at the end of 2002. In 2006, the City reached an agreement with the parties responsible for the MTBE contamination to restore the Charnock well field so that it could once again be a viable drinking water source. This restoration came in 2010 in the form of a new Charnock Water Treatment Facility and upgrades to the City’s existing Arcadia Water Treatment Plant. The Charnock Water Treatment Facility uses greensand filtration and granular activated carbon (GAC) to treat water from three contaminated wells and blended with the two non-contaminated wells in the Charnock well field. Treated water from the Charnock Water Treatment Facility is then sent approximately 3.5 miles through a pipeline to the Arcadia Water Treatment Plant for additional treatment including RO and aeration as part of the multi-barrier treatment process to produce high quality drinking water. The City continues to monitor water quality in the Charnock well field through a groundwater monitoring program under the oversight of the Division of Drinking Water (DDW). Since 2016, the average groundwater extracted from the Charnock well field was about 7,440 AFY, below the average 8,000 AFY under normal operating conditions. This decrease was due to groundwater wells being placed offline for maintenance. Four out of the five wells are over 30 years old, two of which have liners installed to prevent sand migration into the wells which adversely impacts water quality. While effective in keeping sand out of the well, installation of a screen also decreases a well’s pumping capacity. To help increase groundwater production capacity from the well field, the City is considering replacing two of the wells to provide added supply reliability and resiliency in the near future.
6.2.1.2 Olympic Sub-basin (Olympic Well field) The Olympic well field is located in the Olympic Sub-basin along Olympic Boulevard at the eastern end of the City. There are currently two groundwater production wells operating in the well field: Santa Monica 3 (SM-3) and Santa Monica 4 (SM-4). The well field is the second most productive of the City’s three well fields. Under normal operating conditions, groundwater production from the Olympic well field averages about 2,500 AFY. The minimum annual groundwater production from this well field was 385 AF in 2004, when it was limited due to third-party contamination; its largest annual production volume was 3,176 AF in 1995. Like Charnock, the Olympic well field has also experienced periods of regulatory limitations and mechanical problems which have affected groundwater production rates and volumes. The well field is in an area previously occupied by several industries. Many of these industries used chlorinated solvents and other industrial chemicals. Releases from these industrial operations resulted in the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other organic compounds, including trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), and carbon tetrachloride (CTC), which have limited groundwater usage in the well field. Examples of operational limitations include restricted production in 2003-2004 due to
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nearby leaking underground fuel storage tanks. More recently, new regulations adopted in December 2017 for 1,2,3-trichloropropane (1,2,3-TCP) and notification levels for 1,4 Dioxane have also limited groundwater extractions from the well field. Since 2016, the average groundwater extracted from the Olympic well field was about 1,450 AFY, well below the 2,500 AFY average during normal operating conditions.
6.2.1.3 Arcadia Sub-basin The Arcadia sub-basin has historically been the least productive of the three sub-basins utilized by the City. There are currently three groundwater production wells in the Arcadia sub-basin: Arcadia 4, Arcadia 5, and Santa Monica 1 (SM-1). Arcadia 4 and 5 are located and treated at the Arcadia Water Treatment Plant. SM-1 is located in a median along San Vicente Boulevard and is sent directly into the distribution system after it is disinfected at the well head site. Under normal operating conditions, groundwater production from the Arcadia sub-basin averages about 700 AFY. By way of comparison, the normal operating averages for the Charnock and Olympic sub-basins are 8,000 and 2,500 AFY, respectively.
6.2.1.4 Coastal Sub-basin The Coastal sub-basin is not currently utilized by the City for its water supply and the available supply here is a part of the City’s groundwater resiliency reserves. The City completed an exploratory water supply well in the Coastal sub-basin at the Santa Monica Airport (Airport 1). The estimated production rate of this well is approximately 300 gpm. The exploratory well is not yet equipped for production and is undergoing water quality investigations and feasibility analysis. The City currently does not have a timeline to develop this sub-basin.
6.2.1.5 Crestal Sub-basin There are currently no plans to explore the Crestal sub-basin as it lies entirely outside of City limits, and the City does not have ownership or access to any potential well locations.
6.2.2 Sustainable Groundwater Management Act of 2014 Prior to 2014, there have been several scientific literature reviews performed to assess potential groundwater sustainable yield levels. In 2018, an Updated Preliminary Study of the Sustainable Yield of the Groundwater Sub-basins Within the Santa Monica Basin (Richard C. Slade & Associates LLC, June 2018) was performed utilizing additional data obtained from recently constructed wells and exploratory borings completed by the City. The study estimated the sustainable yield of the SMGB to be between 11,800 AFY and 14,725 AFY (see Table 6 4).
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Table 6-4. 2018 Sustainable Yield Estimate (Richard C. Slade & Associates LLC, June 2018)
GROUNDWATER SUBBASIN LOWER LIMIT
(AFY) UPPER LIMIT
(AFY) PREVIOUS STUDIES
(AFY) Arcadia 870 920 2,000 Charnock 6,410 8,080 4,420 to 8,200 Olympic 2,360 3,145 3,275 Coastal 1,160 1,450 4,225 Crestal NA NA 2,000
Subtotals: 10,800 13,595 15,920 to 19,700 ICF Recharge Factor: 1,000 1,130 NA
Total: 11,800 14,725 15,920 to 19,700 In May 2017, the Cities of Santa Monica, Los Angeles, Beverly Hills, Culver City, and Los Angeles County signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to form the SMBGSA. The SMBGSA is tasked with implementing an ongoing sustainable groundwater management program for the SMGB in conformance with California’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) of 2014. A key piece of this program is the development of a GSP. The GSP will be the first comprehensive groundwater assessment and management plan specific to the SMB, which has been identified as a medium-priority groundwater basin by the California DWR. The SMBGSA is required to provide a description of the sustainable management criteria that will be used for the basin. As part of the GSP development, sustainable management criteria (e.g., sustainable yield) and interfaces with neighboring groundwater basins (e.g., West Coast Basin and Central Basin) for the SMB will be assessed. The GSP will provide the City with a road map to refine sustainable management practices and identify future studies for the SMB. The SMBGSA must submit its GSP to the DWR by January 31, 2022. Even before the GSP effort began, the City realized the importance of having a strategy to provide a sustainable water supply. The City Council directed the development of a Sustainable Water Master Plan (SWMP) in 2011 and completed in 2014. The SWMP was recently updated in 2018 that refined the pathway for the City to achieve water self-sufficiency by leveraging conservation, alternative water supplies, and local groundwater supplies in a sustainable manner. The City is in the process of implementing various water supply projects identified in the 2018 SWMP that would provide additional water supply through a combination of alternative water resources and advanced treatment technologies. Additional details of these projects in provided in the Future Projects section below.
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6.2.3 Imported Water Supply The City currently purchases imported water from MWD to supplement its local water supplies. The City is one of the founding members of MWD and has access to imported water from the Colorado River and the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta in Northern California. These two water systems, own and operated by MWD, provide Southern California with over 2 MAF of water annually. A brief discussion on each of these two imported water sources and its delivery network is provided below. As a wholesale agency, MWD distributes imported water to its 26 member agencies throughout Southern California. The City is one of 15 Retail agencies served by MWD and receives imported water at two locations: the Arcadia WTP and the Charnock WTP. Both of these connections are 24 inches in size and are capable of serving 100 percent of the City's water needs. The connections maintain a hydraulic grade capable of direct service to all three (3) pressure zones within the City's service area. The City’s Tier 1 limit from MWD is 7,409 AFY for the past five years (2016-2020) and the City has been well under this limit in the past 10 years since the Charnock Well Field Restoration Project was completed in 2010 to restore local groundwater supplies. A brief overview of the source of the imported water supplies is provided below.
6.2.3.1 Colorado River The Colorado River supplies several states with a valuable source of water, including Colorado, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, & California. Approximately 40 million people are dependent on water from the Colorado River for agricultural, industrial, or domestic needs. From a State legislative act in 1929, California's allotment from the Colorado River is about 4.4 MAF annually and is used for agricultural and urban uses with approximately 3.85 MAF used for agriculture in Imperial and Riverside Counties. The remaining unused portion, about 600,000 - 800,000 AF, is used for urban purposes in MWD's service area. MWD was established to obtain an allotment of Colorado River water, and its first mission was to construct and operate the Colorado River Aqueduct. The Colorado River Basin has been experiencing a prolonged drought since 2000. During this time, the Colorado River Basin has experienced its lowest 16-year period inflow in over 100 years and storage in the system has declined from full to about half of capacity. While flows returned to near normal conditions during 2008-2010, drought returned in 2012 with flows in 2012 being among driest years in history.
6.2.3.2 Bay Delta In addition to the Colorado River, the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta provides a significant amount of supply annually to Southern California. The Delta is located at the confluence of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers east of the San Francisco Bay and is the West Coast's largest estuary.
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The Delta is often considered the nexus of California's statewide water system. About half the total river flow in the state passes through this region, from which water is exported to the San Joaquin Valley, Southern California and portions of the Bay area to supply some 1,130,000 acres of farmland and 23 million people in central and Southern California. The Delta provides an estimated 7 MAF of water per year, of which about 100,000 AF are exported to the San Francisco Bay Area, 1.7 MAF are used locally, and over 5 MAF are exported to the San Joaquin Valley, coastal Central and Southern California via the State Water Project.
6.2.4 Aqueduct Systems In order to provide Southern California imported water, two separate aqueduct systems (one for each source of supply) are utilized to obtain supplies. These two aqueduct systems convey water from each source into separate reservoirs whereupon the water is pumped to one of several treatment facilities before entering MWD's distribution system. One of these aqueduct systems is known as the Colorado River Aqueduct (CRA), and the other is known as the California Aqueduct or the State Water Project (SWP). The CRA is managed by MWD and the SWP is managed by DWR. The idea for the CRA initially began in the early 1920s. As a result of the growing water needs of the Los Angeles area, MWD was formed in 1928. The CRA was considered to be the first order of business shortly after MWD's incorporation. MWD initially considered eight different routes for the CRA, but ultimately the existing route was chosen since it was the safest and most economical. Construction began in 1933 after a $220 million bond was approved in 1931. The CRA is 242 miles long and consists of open channels, tunnels, pipeline, two reservoirs, and five pumping stations. At the pumping stations, water is lifted in some cases by over 400 feet in order to account for the elevation differences. The CRA carries water from the Colorado River at the Parker Dam to Lake Matthews. In addition to the CRA, MWD receives water from Northern California via the SWP. Operated by DWR, the SWP is 444 miles long water storage and delivery system of reservoirs, aqueducts, power-plants and pumping plants and carries water from the Delta to Southern California and is operated by DWR. Its main purpose is to store water and distribute it to 29 urban and agricultural water suppliers, also known as "contractors" in Northern California, the San Francisco Bay Area, the San Joaquin Valley, the Central Coast, and Southern California. Of the contracted water supply, 70 percent goes to urban users and 30 percent goes to agricultural users. The State of California DWR and MWD signed the first water supply contract in 1960. The first SWP water deliveries were made in 1962, two years after construction began. Today 29 agencies have long-term water supply contracts with DWR. The service areas of these long-term water supply contractors vary widely in size, location, climate, and population. The contractors’ uses for SWP water also differ. In the San Joaquin Valley, SWP water is used primarily for agriculture; in the Feather River area, San Francisco South Bay, the
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North Bay areas, and in Southern California, SWP water is used primarily for urban and industrial needs. Today, the SWP includes 34 storage facilities, reservoirs and lakes; 20 pumping plants; 4 pumping-generating plants; 5 hydroelectric power plants; and about 701 miles of open canals and pipelines. The previously mentioned aqueducts supply Southern California with a significant amount of its water and are crucial to its sustainability. In addition to these two water systems, there are also several other aqueducts that are vital to the State, including the Los Angeles Aqueduct (managed by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power).
6.3 OVERVIEW OF WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM AND RECYCLED WATER
SUPPLY The City’s current non-potable water supply is provided through dry weather urban runoff captured and treated at the SMURRF. The City is currently expanding its recycled water supply through the implementation of the Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project (SWIP) that will leverage municipal wastewater, dry weather urban runoff, and stormwater as supplies. A description of the City’s wastewater collection system, SMURRF, SWIP, recycled water distribution, and recycled water coordination efforts is provided below.
6.3.1 Wastewater Collection System The City’s wastewater system includes approximately 152 miles of pipelines, two flow monitoring and sampling stations and one 26 million gallon per day (MGD) pumping station. Net City flows average 12 MGD with total flow (including City of Los Angeles pass-through) averaging 15 MGD. Wastewater generated in the City is currently conveyed to the City of Los Angeles’ Hyperion Treatment Plant for treatment, please refer to Table 6-5 for wastewater collected within the City’s service area for 2020. The wastewater treatment system at the Hyperion Treatment Plant consists of primary sedimentation and high-purity oxygen secondary treatment and is operated by the City of Los Angeles, Bureau of Sanitation. A small tertiary treatment system is available at the Hyperion Treatment Plant that provide reuse water for in-plant use. The City of Los Angeles is currently working on upgrading the Hyperion Treatment Plant to recycle 100% of treated water by 2035.
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Table 6-5. Wastewater Collected Within Service Area in 2020 WASTEWATER COLLECTION RECIPIENT OF COLLECTED WASTEWATER
NAME OF WASTEWATER COLLECTION AGENCY
WASTEWATER VOLUME METERED OR ESTIMATED
VOLUME OF WASTEWATER COLLECTED FROM UWMP SERVICE AREA 2020
NAME OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT AGENCY RECEIVING COLLECTED WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT NAME IS WWTP LOCATED WITHIN UWMP AREA
IS WWTP OPERATION CONTRACTED TO A THIRD PARTY?
Add additional rows as needed City of Santa Monica Metered 11,064 AFY City of Los Angeles Hyperion Treatment Plant No No
Total Wastewater
Collected from Service
Area in 2020:
11,064 AFY
6.3.2 Santa Monica Urban Runoff Recycling Facility In 2001, the City began operating the SMURRF and treat dry-weather urban runoff that was previously discharged into Santa Monica Bay from the Pier and Pico-Kenter storm drains. The SMURRF was funded by the cities of Santa Monica and Los Angeles, a State Water Resources Control Board loan, the Metropolitan Water District Local Resources Program, and federal ISTEA and Los Angeles County Proposition “A” grants. It is operated by Santa Monica, though operating costs and revenues are shared jointly with the City of Los Angeles, as a Best Management Practice (BMP) facility. Treated water from SMURRF is sent through a City-wide non-potable water distribution system that serves parks, medians, Woodlawn Cemetery, and dual-plumbed buildings for toilet flushing. The non-potable water is also used by City operations for street sweeping, sewer jetting, and pressure washing. The non-potable water supply produced by SMURRF from 2016 to 2020 is summarized in Table 6-6. On average, the SMURRF provides about 95 AF of non-potable supply. Because SMURRF largely supplies non-potable water for landscape irrigation, lower usage in 2019 was likely due to higher than normal rainfall that year (over 21 inches), while the lower usage in 2020 was probably due to COVID-19 impacts.
Table 6-6. Summary of Non-Potable Water Use from SMURRF (2016-2020)
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Non-Potable Water Use (AF) 89 98 95 71 57 To further improve beach water quality near the Santa Monica Pier, the City recently completed a 1.6 million gallon (MG) stormwater harvesting tank to capture urban and stormwater runoff from the Pier storm drainage area in 2018. The tank, known as the CBI
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tank, is designed to capture up to an 85th percentile rain event. As a result, the CBI tank also allows for the beneficial reuse of stormwater that was previously wasted to the ocean and used as an additional source of supply to the SMURRF. Beneath the tank, there is also a network of brackish groundwater infiltration gallery that could provide additional supplemental source of supply to the SMURRF to maintain production capacity when urban and stormwater runoff is unavailable. With a maximum annual average production capacity of 560 AFY, the SMURRF has been operating well below capacity over the last five years due to limited and inconsistent urban and stormwater runoff supplies (see Table 6-7 for comparison). As the community has become more conscious about water use over the years and the City has stepped up its water waste enforcement, the amount of dry-weather urban runoff from activities such as over irrigation that supplies the SMURRF has also decreased. To help address this issue, the City has begun upgrades at the facility, including the addition of a reverse osmosis skid, as part of the SWIP described below. The reverse osmosis addition at SMURRF would provide treatment for the brackish groundwater beneath the CBI tank, thereby providing a consistent source of supplemental supply when dry weather runoff or stormwater is not available. Initially, treated water from the upgraded SMURRF would continue to be distributed for non-potable uses. Ultimately, the SMURRF would produce treated water to meet diluent water requirements outlined under Title 22 for a Groundwater Replenishment Reuse Project (GRRP) and would be injected to augment local groundwater supplies.
Table 6-7. 2015 UWMP Recycled Water Use Projection Compared to 2020 Actual
USE TYPE 2015 UWMP PROJECTION FOR 2020 2020 ACTUAL USE Landscape irrigation (excludes golf courses) 560 57 Total 560 57 Notes: Upgrades to the SMURRF are in progress, which will increase SMURRF usage. The upgrades are anticipated to be completed in 2022.
6.3.3 Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project (SWIP) In 2020, the City began construction of the Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project (SWIP). The SWIP has three basic elements all designed to function as a cohesive and integrated system for the harvesting, treatment and conjunctive reuse of alternative water resources available to the City including stormwater, brackish groundwater, and municipal wastewater. The three SWIP elements include:
• SWIP Element 1: upgrade the above-mentioned SMURRF with a reverse osmosis unit capable of treating both captured stormwater and brackish groundwater from the CBI tank for non-potable and future potable reuse (diluent water per Title 22 Groundwater Replenishment Reuse Project requirements).
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• SWIP Element 2 is a new below ground 1 MGD Advanced Water Treatment Facility (AWTF). The AWTF would treat municipal wastewater and urban runoff, when available and up to 30% contribution to the feed water. Treatment will include membrane bioreactors, cartridge filtration, reverse osmosis, ultraviolet advanced oxidation process with chlorine, and chlorine disinfection.
• SWIP Element 3 is a 1.5 MG stormwater harvesting tank located below ground adjacent to the SWIP AWTF. The tank would capture both dry-weather and stormwater runoff from up to an 85th-percentile rain event. Captured runoff which would then be blended with wastewater for treatment at the SWIP AWTF (Element 2). The SWIP AWTF will be the City’s first wastewater treatment facility and will be able to produce up to 1 million MGD of advanced treated recycled water on average (approximately 10 percent of the City’s total wastewater flow). The SWIP AWTF would be a scalping plant that would treat, on average, 1.5 MGD of wastewater to produce advanced treated recycled water. The capacity of the SWIP AWTF is limited by available night-time wastewater flows to maintain production, which could fall under 1 MGD. The SWIP is anticipated to begin operations toward the end of 2022. Initially, advanced treated recycled water would be used to meet non-potable reuse demands. Ultimately the advanced treated recycled water would also be used to augment the groundwater aquifer at the Olympic well field, providing up to 1,100 AF of recharge capability to the City’s groundwater supply. A summary of the City’s plans to expand recycled water use is provided in Table 6-8. The City is also exploring the potential for direct potable reuse in the future when regulatory guidelines are available in 2023.
Table 6-8. Methods to Expand Future Recycled Water Use NAME OF ACTION DESCRIPTION PLANNED IMPLEMENTATION YEAR EXPECTED INCREASE IN RECYCLED WATER USE New construction Construction of a new 1 MGD SWIP AWTF 2022 1,100 AFY Facility upgrade Upgrade to the existing SMURRF 2022 450 AFY1
Total 1,550 AFY NOTES: 1 The upgrades at SMURRF will provide a reliable raw water supply for consistent production at the facility’s original design capacity (560 AFY).
6.3.4 Recycled Water Distribution System The City’s existing non-potable water distribution system consists of approximately 2.5 miles of recycled water pipeline, which varies from 4 to 12 inches in size. Treated urban runoff from the SMURRF is currently the City’s only source of non-potable water and is
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used for irrigation at various public parks, including Tongva Park, Memorial Park and Palisades Park, as well as at landscaped areas on City-owned properties, such as Woodlawn Cemetery, City Hall, and various street medians and parkways. Besides irrigation, SMURRF recycled water is also used for toilet flushing at the City’s only dual-plumbed building, the Public Safety Facility. In addition, there are four locations used as fill stations for street sweepers, pressure washers and sewer jetting trucks. These fill stations are only available to the City’s Operations staff. The non-potable water distribution will be expanded in the future once the SWIP is completed and more recycled water customers could be added as the SWIP will be operating under a Regional Water Quality Control Board Permit for Waste Discharge and Water Reclamation. At which point, the advanced treated recycled water and diluent water from SMURRF will be used for non-potable and potable reuse – groundwater augmentation via direct injection.
6.3.5 Recycled Water Coordination The City’s existing SMURRF is a joint project between the City and the City of Los Angeles where both parties share the operation cost as well as revenue. The City is also a part of the Greater Los Angeles County (GLAC) Integrated Regional Water Management (IRWM) Group. As part of the GLAC IRWM Plan, the SWIP also serves as a regional project for stormwater capture and treatment as it captures water from a larger tributary area beyond Santa Monica. The SWIP’s stormwater harvesting tank would capture urban runoff/stormwater to reduce discharges and improve water quality in the Santa Monica Bay. The City is also a contracting agency to the City of Los Angeles and with plans to increase recycled water production at the Hyperion Treatment Plant, there could be the potential for the City to coordinate with the City of Los Angeles on future recycled water use from the Hyperion Treatment Plan.
6.3.6 Future Water Projects On January 25, 2011, Santa Monica City Council directed City staff to develop a SWMP with the goal of meeting 100% of Santa Monica’s water demand using local water sources to achieve water self-sufficiency. Recognizing that the City’s existing local water source is 100% groundwater and the need to develop a sustainable management strategy, the original 2014 SWMP highlighted the need to develop alternative water supplies in order to manage its groundwater supply in a sustainable manner. The SWMP Update in 2018 refined the pathway to achieve water self-sufficiency and identified various alternative water supply projects to diversify the City’s water supply portfolio. To achieve water self-sufficiency, the SWMP proposes replacing imported water purchases through three key components:
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Component 1 – Increasing water conservation efforts to permanently reduce water demand.
Component 2 – Developing sustainable and drought resilient alternative water supplies.
Component 3 – Expanding local groundwater production within sustainable yield limits. With respective to water supply projects (Component 2 and 3 in the SWMP), the following projects are currently being implemented to increase local water supply. Alternative Water Supply Projects (Component 2)
• Increase Recycled Water Production. Upgrade the existing SMURRF as part of the SWIP project to increase recycled water production for non-potable uses in the City and offset imported water purchases from MWD.
• Recharge Local Groundwater Aquifers. The SWIP project will provide a sustainable and drought resilient water supply by providing advanced treated recycled water (approximately 1,100 AFY) through a new AWTF to recharge local groundwater aquifers. In return, the aquifer recharge that will be provided by the SWIP will allow the City to maximize groundwater pumping, within sustainable yield limits, from the Olympic Sub-basin.
• Production Efficiency Enhancement at Arcadia WTP. Increase overall treated water production through implementation of new high recovery reverse osmosis technology to increase treatment efficiency to greater than 90 percent, adding up to an additional 1,200 AFY of potable water. This will also result in a reduction of RO concentrate discharge to the sewer system. Expanding Local Groundwater (Component 3)
• Olympic Well Field Restoration. The Olympic sub-basin will be restored to full pumping capacity with a new well head treatment system to remove the contaminants (e.g., 1,2,3-TCP, 1,4 Dioxane, TCE, and PCE) that is limiting current production. The Olympic Well Field Restoration consists of: 1) Equipping two new groundwater wells, 2) construction of a new pipeline to convey the groundwater to the well head treatment facility, and 3) construction of a new Olympic AWTF to remove contaminants from the Olympic Well Field before it is sent to the City’s Arcadia WTP.
• Arcadia WTP Expansion. The City’s Arcadia WTP is a brackish groundwater desalter that currently has a rated raw water treatment capacity of 11,300 AFY or 10 MGD and produces approximately 9,900 AFY (8.9 MGD) of treated water. To accommodate the production efficiency enhancement project additional groundwater flows from the Olympic Well Field Restoration Project, the Arcadia WTP will be expanded to its ultimate raw water treatment capacity of 14,700 AFY or approximately 13 MGD. These local water supply projects, as outlined in the 2018 SWMP Update, was intended to replace imported water use within the City and is not to increase the overall water supply.
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A summary of the expected increase in water supply from these projects are summarized in Table 6-9 and total supply availability is summarized in Table 6-10. In addition to the water supply projects summarized in Table 6-9, other considerations on future water supply projects are listed below.
• Direct Potable Reuse. The City will be assessing the feasibility of implementing direct potable reuse – raw water augmentation in the future once guidelines from the Division of Drinking Water is made available in 2023.
• Seawater Desalination. Although the City is in close proximity to seawater, the City does not have any plans currently for seawater desalination.
• Climate Change Impact Analysis. One of the key objectives in the City’s SWMP was to develop a diverse and drought resilient water supply to address climate change impacts on the City’s water supply. In addition to the SWMP, the City is currently refining its sustainable yield analysis and climate change impact analysis on its groundwater supply through the GSP effort discussed previously in this Section.
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Table 6-9. Expected Future Water Supply Projects or Programs
NAME OF FUTURE
PROJECTS OR PROGRAMS
JOINT
PROJECT WITH OTHER SUPPLIERS?
DESCRIPTION
PLANNED
IMPLEMENTATION YEAR
PLANNED FOR
USE IN YEAR TYPE
EXPECTED
INCREASE IN WATER SUPPLY TO SUPPLIER
SWIP No Advanced treated recycled water from the SWIP will be used for non-potable and potable reuse - groundwater augmentation via direct injection. 2022 All Year Types 1,100 AFY
Olympic Well Field Restoration No A new advanced water treatment facility will allow for increased production from the Olympic Well Field. Total production will be approximately 3,100 AFY. 2023 All Year Types 1,000 AFY1
Production Efficiency Enhancement of Arcadia WTP No New high recovery reverse osmosis retrofit will increase the overall production efficiency of the brackish groundwater desalter from about 80% currently to 90% or greater. 2023 All Year Types 900 – 1,200
Arcadia WTP Expansion No Existing treatment equipment will be upgraded to increase the treatment capacity of the Arcadia Water Treatment Plant. 2023 All Year Types N/A2
Notes: 1 The Olympic Well Field Restoration Project will increase overall pumping to 3,200 AFY. The City currently pumps approximately 1,100 AFY and the increase in water supply is partially captured in the SWIP groundwater recharge. 2 Increase in total water supply has already been accounted for in the Olympic Well Field Restoration and Production Efficiency Enhancement Projects
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Table 6-10: Summary of Projected Available Water Supply
WATER SUPPLY ADDITIONAL DETAIL
ON WATER SUPPLY
PROJECTED WATER SUPPLY
(ACRE-FEET)
2025 2030 2035 2040
REASONABLY AVAILABLE
VOLUME
REASONABLY AVAILABLE
VOLUME
REASONABLY AVAILABLE
VOLUME
REASONABLY AVAILABLE
VOLUME Groundwater (not desalinated) SM-1 400 400 400 400 Desalinated Water - Groundwater Arcadia, Charnock, Olympic 10,260 10,260 10,260 10,260 Purchased Imported Water MWD 7,406 7,406 7,406 7,406 Recycled Water SMURRF 560 560 560 560
Total 18,626 18,626 18,626 18,626 Notes:The Purchased Imported Water supply is the City’s Tier 1 allotment with the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and is available to supplement the local water supply as needed (e.g., groundwater contamination, drought years, etc.). However, the City intends to maximize its local supplies first to be water self-sufficiency to the extent possible and minimize reliance on imported water supplies.
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6.4 ENERGY INTENSITY The City of Santa Monica is using the Total Utility Approach (B) to report the energy intensity of its potable water production operations using the 2019 calendar year as the Reporting Period. In 2019, the City’s electricity meters that serve the City’s water system totaled 16,015,500 kWh. Energy dedicated to potable water production totaled 14,924,506 kWh with 13,061 AF of water entering the potable water production process and being distributed for use. The estimated Energy Intensity is approximately 1,142.7 kWh/AF. Please see refer to Table 6-11 and Table 6-12 as well as narratives provided below for details on the City’s water supply Energy Intensity.
Table 6-11. Summary of Energy Intensity for Santa Monica (Appendix F, Table 0-1B)
Urban Water Supplier: City of Santa Monica
Water Delivery Product Retail Potable Deliveries
(If delivering more than one type of product use Table O-1C)
TABLE O-1B: RECOMMENDED ENERGY INTENSITY - TOTAL UTILITY APPROACH
Start Date for Reporting Period 1/1/2019 Urban Water Supplier Operational Control End Date 12/31/2019 Sum of All Water Management
Processes
Non-Consequential Hydropower TOTAL UTILITY HYDROPOWER NET UTILITY Volume of Water Entering Process (AF) 13061 0 10647 Energy Consumed (kWh) 14924506 0 14924506
Energy Intensity (kWh/AF) 1142.7 0.0 1142.7
Quantity of Self-Generated Renewable Energy
0 kWh
Data Quality (Estimate, Metered Data, Combination of Estimates and Metered Data)
Metered Data
Data Quality Narrative: See Section 6.4.1 below. DWR guidance: Provide brief narrative documenting the source and quality of the data entered in Table 0-1B. List assumptions and methods used to complete the energy intensity calculations.
Narrative: See Section 6.4.2 below. DWR guidance: Provide brief narrative for each water supply describing water management processes in which energy is consumed or produced.
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Table 6-12. 2019 Energy Data for Water Production
LOCATION UTILITY WATER PRODUCTION PROCESS(ES) WATER SUPPLY FACILITY DESCRIPTION KWH
11375 Westminster Ave LADWP Extract & Divert Treatment Conveyance Local Groundwater: Charnock Sub-basin Charnock: 5 groundwater wells with treatment plant 6,319,200
1252 Capri Dr (Riviera Reservoir) LADWP Place into Storage na Riviera Reservoir: Recirculation pump and valving 178,536
1228 S Bundy A LADWP Extract and Divert Treatment Distribution
Local Groundwater: Arcadia Sub-basin + Imported Arcadia: 2 groundwater wells + Arcadia Water Treatment Plant (brackish groundwater desalination facility with RO) 4,167,840
1228 S Bundy B LADWP 2,959,057
LADWP Water System SUBTOTAL 13,624,633
KWH UTILITY WATER PRODUCTION PROCESS(ES) WATER SUPPLY FACILITY DESCRIPTION
Ocean/Pacific SCE Extract & Divert na SM Well Salt Water: Pump station (no longer in operation but still connected to the grid) 2,158
1880 San Vicente Blvd. SCE Extract & Divert Distribution Local Groundwater: Arcadia Sub-basin Well SM-1: Pump station + fluoride station 163,935
Centinela/Olympic SCE Extract & Divert Conveyance Local Groundwater: Olympic Sub-Basin Well SM-3: Pump station + chlorine dosing 372,139
2930 Olympic Blvd. SCE Extract & Divert Conveyance Local Groundwater: Olympic Sub-Basin Well SM-4: Pump station + chlorine dosing 761,641
1898 Ocean Front Walk SCE Extract & Divert Recycled Runoff: SMURRF NON-POTABLE Pico Kenter Storm Drain: Pump station, stormwater diversion to SMURRF. 33,414
1623 Appian Way SCE Treatment Distribution Recycled Runoff: SMURRF NON-POTABLE Moss Ave. Pump Station: Wastewater (70%) + SMURRF (30%). 1,057,580
SCE Water System SUBTOTAL 2,390,867
Water System: Total Energy 16,015,500
Less Non-Potable (Pico Kenter & Moss Ave.) -1,090,994
POTABLE Water System: Total Energy 14,924,506
6.4.1 Energy Intensity Data
• Volume of Water Entering the Process (AF): The source of the water data entered in Table 6-11 is from flowmeter data recorded in operator logs and well reports for locally supplied groundwater. Please note the number presented represents the raw
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groundwater that is pumped and treated, some of which is not recovered as it makes its way through the multi-barrier treatment processes provided at the Charnock and Arcadia Water Treatment Plants. Imported water data was obtained for MWD invoices for purchased water. The total volume entered is a combination of Santa Monica’s local extracted groundwater volume (prior to entering the Arcadia treatment process) and imported water purchased from MWD for the calendar year 2019.
• Energy Consumed: The sources of the energy data entered in Table 6-11 are from the monthly invoices for 2019 sent to the City by two power utility providers: the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) and Southern California Edison (SCE). See Table 6-12 above for details. Having two power providers is the result of some production facilities located outside of Santa Monica (e.g., Arcadia Water Treatment Plant) and within the City of Los Angeles. The power consumed is measured by meters located at each of the water production facilities and read by their respective utility providers. Power meter numbers and account ID’s can be provided upon request.
6.4.2 Water Supply / Water Management Processes Consuming Energy Below is a summary of each water supply and their respective energy sources. Please see Section 6.2 in this Section for details of each water supply.
6.4.2.1 Groundwater
• Charnock Sub-basin (Charnock Well Field): The Charnock well field, located in the Charnock sub-basin, consists of five groundwater wells and is in the City of Los Angeles. Thus, power is provided by LADWP. Associated water management operations that require power include Extract and Divert, Treatment, and Conveyance (to the Arcadia Treatment Plant). Since 2016, the average groundwater extracted from the Charnock well field was about 7,440 AFY, below the average 8,000 AFY under normal operating conditions. This decrease was due to groundwater wells being offline for maintenance.
• Olympic Sub-basin (Olympic Well field): The Olympic well field is in the Olympic Sub-basin along Olympic Boulevard at the eastern end of the City. There are currently two groundwater production wells operating in the well field: Santa Monica 3 (SM-3) and Santa Monica 4 (SM-4). Water management operations requiring power (provided by SCE) include Extract and Divert, and Conveyance (to the Arcadia Treatment Plant). The Olympic well field could produce up to 2,500 AFY, but is currently limited due to groundwater contamination.
• Arcadia Sub-basin: There are currently three groundwater production wells in the Arcadia sub-basin: Arcadia 4, Arcadia 5, and Santa Monica 1 (SM-1). Arcadia 4 and 5 are located at the Arcadia Water Treatment Plant which is in the City of Los Angeles. Extract and Divert, Treatment, and Distribution operations for these wells and the
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treatment plant consume power provided by LADPW. Well SM-1 is located in the City within a median along San Vicente Boulevard and is sent directly into the distribution system after it is disinfected at the well head site. Power consumed is provide by SCE for Extract and Divert and Distribution operations. Under normal operating conditions, groundwater extraction from the Arcadia sub-basin averages about 700 AFY.
6.4.2.2 Imported Water
• MWD: The City currently purchases imported water from MWD to supplement its local groundwater supplies. In 2019, the City purchased approximately 3,020 AF of treated water from MWD. The imported water is received at two locations: the Arcadia Water Treatment Plant and the Charnock Well Field.
6.4.2.3 Recycled Water
• SMURRF: The City currently captures and treats dry weather urban runoff at the SMURRF to produce non-potable water that is used for irrigation, toilet flushing and City operations (street sweeping, sewer jetting, and pressure washing). Power, provide by SCE, is used to Extract and Divert stormwater from the Pico-Kenter storm drain, and at the SMURRF for Treatment and Distribution. SMURFF power usage is comingled on the same meter as the Moss Ave. Pump Station (MAPS) for wastewater. MAPS is a critical component of the Coastal Interceptor Sewer (CIS), which moves wastewater along the coast from northern Los Angeles, through Santa Monica, and eventually to the City of Los Angeles's treatment plant. Because SMURRF and MAPS do not contribute directly to potable water production, their water volumes and power consumption are not included in the totals for Energy Intensity.
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7 WATER SERVICE RELIABILITY
7.1 WATER SERVICE RELIABILITY AND DROUGHT RISK ASSESSMENT One of the fundamental purposes of preparing an UWMP is to assess a water supplier’s ability to reliably serve its customers. To this end, this Section includes two assessments: a Water Service Reliability Assessment and a Drought Risk Assessment (DRA). The Water Service Reliability Assessment looks at the City’s service capabilities over a 20-year planning period under three different scenarios: normal, single-dry year, and multiple dry years. In contrast, the DRA assumes a severe drought period lasting for the next five consecutive years (i.e. 2021 to 2025). Both assessments synthesize the analyses performed in previous Sections of the 2020 UWMP including factors affecting water use (Sections 4.1 and 4.2) and those that impact water supply (Sections 6.2.1 and 6.2.2).
7.2 WATER SERVICE RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT The City completed the 2018 Sustainable Water Master Plan (SWMP) update to enhance reliability and drought resiliency of the City’s water supply by developing local water supplies and reducing its reliance on imported water supplies. The water self-sufficiency projects outlined in the 2018 SMWP Update would increase local water supply to replace current imported water purchase (approximately 35% of the City’s water supply on average). As originally projected in the 2018 SWMP Update, the City would be able to meet up to 99% of its water demand through local water supplies in 2023 when water self-sufficiency projects are completed. However, a major development since the 2018 SWMP Update was the 2020 Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) developed by Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). The RHNA would require the City to plan for approximately 8,873 new housing units in the 8-year period of 2021-2029. The additional new housing units may impact the 2018 SWMP Update goal of achieving 99% water self-sufficiency for the City, due to increased population projects from the new housing units, and is considered below in the water service reliability assessment. The water service reliability is evaluated by analyzing a water system under the three scenarios below and within the assessment period of 2010 through 2020:
• Normal Year. This condition represents the water supplies a Supplier considers available during normal conditions. This could be a single year or averaged range of years that most closely represents the average water supply available to the Supplier.
• Single Dry Year. The single dry year is the year that represents the lowest water supply available to the Supplier.
• Five-Consecutive-Year Drought. The driest five-year historical sequence for the Supplier.
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The City obtains its potable water supply from a combination of local groundwater and imported water from MWD. The water service reliability assessment will first consider available imported water from MWD that could be used to supplement the City’s local water supplies. As a wholesale water supplier, MWD is also in the process of updating their UWMP, which includes projected water supply and demand. Based on their analysis, MWD is capable of meeting the City’s supplemental water demands for a normal water year, single dry-year, and five consecutive drought years. For the purposes of the Water Service Reliability and Drought Risk Assessments, the lowest MWD Tier 1 allotment (7,406 AFY) available to the City between 2010 and 2020 will be used. As the City moves towards reducing its reliance on imported water supplies, the City must provide expected water service reliability for a normal year, single-dry year, and five consecutive dry years over a twenty year period for 2025, 2030, 2035, and 2040. For the purpose of the Water Service Reliability and Drought Risk Assessments, the City used the time period of 2010 through 2020 to establish Normal Year, Single Dry-Year, and Multiple Dry-Year to demonstrate its reliability. Historically, the City’s available water supply has been less impacted by drought conditions but more by groundwater contamination. For example, the City’s lowest available local groundwater supply occurred in 2004, where only about 544 AF of local groundwater was available due to groundwater contamination at the City’s Charnock Well Field that resulted in the entire well field being taken out of production until it was restored in 2010. The City completed the Charnock Well Field Restoration Project in 2010, which included additional treatment processes such as biological GAC and reverse osmosis. As a result, the local groundwater supply was restored to approximately 8,000 to 10,000 AFY (depending on age and conditions of the wells). Therefore, the period from 2010 through 2020 was selected for the assessments since it is more representative of the City’s water supply reliability and drought risk going forward as 2010 established the new baseline for local water supplies. In addition, the 2010-2020 time period also included one of the most severe single-year drought as well as five-consecutive-year drought conditions in the Southern California region.
• Normal Year. The average of the years 2010 through 2020 was used to establish water supply conditions for a normal year.
• Single Dry Year. The year 2020 was used to represent a worst-case single dry year scenario as the groundwater supply available to the City was the lowest annual total during the period of 2010 through 2020.
• Five-Consecutive Dry Years. A running average between 2010 through 2020 was used to establish the five consecutive dry years, which was from 2016 through
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2020. The City will use this five-year period for both the Water Service Reliability and Drought Risk Assessments. A summary of the City’s current water supply availability for normal, single-dry, and five-consecutive dry years is provided in Table 7-1. Please note the water supply availability presented in Table 7-1 includes the entire MWD Tier 1 allotment for the City.
Table 7-1. Summary of Current Water Supply Availability for Normal, Single-Dry, and Five-Consecutive
Dry Years
YEAR TYPE BASE YEAR VOLUME AVAILABLE (ACRE-FEET) % OF AVERAGE SUPPLY
Normal Year 2010-2020 16,628 100%
Single-Dry Year 2020 12,587 76%
Consecutive Dry Years 1st Year 2016 15,948 96%
Consecutive Dry Years 2nd Year 2017 14,683 88%
Consecutive Dry Years 3rd Year 2018 14,796 89%
Consecutive Dry Years 4th Year 2019 15,034 90%
Consecutive Dry Years 5th Year 2020 12,587 76% Notes:MWD Tier 1 Allotment was 11,407 AF for 2010-2012, 11,110 AFY for 2013-2014, and 7,406 AFY for 2016-2020. The City is in the process of implementing additional water supply projects outlined in the 2018 SWMP (see Table 6-9). These projects are scheduled to be completed in 2023 and therefore were included in the water supply reliability assessment for the period 2025 through 2040. For planning purposes, the low-end of the estimated sustainable yield of the Santa Monica Groundwater Basin was also assumed (see Table 6-4). The average supply percentages established in Table 7-1 were then applied to the City’s future water supply to determine availability for the normal, single-dry, and multiple dry year scenarios (Table 7-2).
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Table 7-2. Summary of Future Water Supply Availability for Normal, Single Dry, and Five Consecutive
Dry Years
YEAR TYPE % OF AVERAGE
SUPPLY
GROUNDWATER1
(ACRE-FEET)
IMPORTED WATER2
(ACRE-FEET)
TOTAL
(ACRE-FEET) Normal 100% 10,660 7,406 18,066 Single Dry Year 76% 8,102 7,406 15,508 Dry Year 1 96% 10,234 7,406 17,640 Dry Year 2 88% 9,381 7,406 16,787 Dry Year 3 89% 9,487 7,406 16,893 Dry Year 4 90% 9,594 7,406 17,000 Dry Year 5 76% 8,102 7,406 15,508 1 Includes water loss due to treatment process (i.e. reverse osmosis process at the Arcadia WTP). 2 MWD Tier 1 Allotment was 11,407 AF for 2010-2012, 11,110 AFY for 2013-2014, and 7,406 AFY for 2016-2020. Results from the assessment indicate that the City’s water supply is capable of meeting potable and non-potable water demand for the normal (Table 7-3), single-dry (Table 7-4), and multiple-dry year scenarios (Table 7-5). A positive value in the “Difference” rows for the three tables indicate sufficient supply is available and a negative “Difference” value indicates a potential supply shortfall compared to demand.
Table 7-3. Projected Water Supply and Demand for Normal Year (Acre-Feet) 2025 2030 2035 2040 Supply totals 18,626 18,626 18,626 18,626 Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262 Difference 4,335 3,524 3,449 3,364
Table 7-4. Projected Water Supply and Demand for Single Dry Year (Acre-Feet) 2025 2030 2035 2040 Supply totals 15,508 15,508 15,508 15,508 Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262 Difference 1,217 406 331 246
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Table 7-5. Projected Water Supply and Demand for Five-Consecutive Dry Years (Acre-Feet) 2025 2030 2035 2040
FIRST YEAR Supply totals 17,640 17,640 17,640 17,640 Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262 Difference 3,349 2,538 2,463 2,378
SECOND YEAR Supply totals 16,787 16,787 16,787 16,787 Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262 Difference 2,496 1,685 1,610 1,525
THIRD YEAR Supply totals 16,893 16,893 16,893 16,893 Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262 Difference 2,602 1,791 1,716 1,631
FOURTH YEAR Supply totals 17,000 17,000 17,000 17,000 Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262 Difference 2,709 1,898 1,823 1,738
FIFTH YEAR Supply totals 15,508 15,508 15,508 15,508 Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262 Difference 1,217 406 331 246
7.3 DROUGHT RISK ASSESSMENT Proper water management is essential for safeguarding current and future water supplies and curbing demand especially with the uncertainties of climate change and recurring droughts. New provisions in the California Water Code require urban water suppliers to prepare a Drought Risk Assessment (DRA). While the DRA is based on historical droughts, other factors that may impact water service in the future, such as climate change and regulatory changes, were also considered for the assessment.
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7.3.1 Data, Methods, and Basis for Water Shortage Condition
7.3.1.1 Water Use To perform the DRA, water billing data from 2010 to 2020 were compiled and analyzed to quantify water consumption trends in the City. This timeframe was chosen because it provides insight into recent water use during one of the most severe droughts in the state’s history. It also contrasts water usage just before and after 2015, when the City established its Water Conservation Unit (WCU) and entered Stage 2 of its Water Shortage Response Plan (WSRP), and therefore gives a reasonable understanding of how water customers respond during drought conditions. As shown in Figure 7-1, water usage declined significantly following drought measures implemented in the City in 2015. Water customers in the City have sustained these lower levels despite higher population and the State declaring an end to the drought emergency in 2017. This suggests that the sustained reduction in demand could be attributed to enlightened behavioral changes regarding water conservation. Therefore, for the DRA, it is assumed that water use reductions observed after 2015 will continue over the next five years (i.e. 2021-2025).
Figure 7-1. Summary of the City’s Water Usage Trends from 2010-2020 As recommended by DWR, the City first projected its estimated expected gross water use for the next five years without water shortage actions (known as unconstrained demand). Past water use data shown in Figure 7-1, however, shows that the community is receptive to calls for reductions in water usage. These reductions are accounted as savings benefits in the DRA (Table 7-6).
7.3.1.2 Water Sources The City’s water supply consists of local water resources and imported water from MWD. For the DRA, the lowest MWD Tier 1 allotment for the City from 2010 to 2020, which has remained the same since 2016, is assumed (7,406 AF). This assumption is considered
88,000
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91,000
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93,000
94,000
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2,000
4,000
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8,000
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2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 PopulationWater Usage (Acre-Feet)Water Use (AF)Population
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reasonable due to large reserves MWD has accumulated as a result of regional conservation efforts and several above average wet seasons over the last five years. For local water resources, the lowest five-year running average for the current water supply from 2010 to 2020, will be used for years 2021-2022 (6,755 AF). This supply is reasonable based on expected operating and groundwater conditions. Starting in 2023, additional water supply from projects that are currently underway and are anticipated to be completed will also be included. For the DRA, the average availability over five dry years will be used (9,359 AF). The additional water supply projects include the following:
• Recharge Local Groundwater Aquifers. The Sustainable Water Infrastructure Project (SWIP) will provide a sustainable and drought resilient water supply by providing advanced treated recycled water (approximately 1,100 AFY) through a new AWTF to recharge local groundwater aquifers. In return, the aquifer recharge that will be provided by the SWIP will allow the City to maximize groundwater pumping, within sustainable yield limits, from the Olympic Sub-basin.
• Production Efficiency Enhancement at Arcadia WTP. Increase overall treated water production through implementation of new high recovery reverse osmosis technology to increase treatment efficiency to greater than 90 percent, adding up to an additional 1,200 AFY of potable water. This will also result in a reduction of RO concentrate discharge to the sewer system.
• Olympic Well Field Restoration. The Olympic sub-basin will be restored to full pumping capacity with a new well head treatment system to remove the contaminants (e.g., 1,2,3-TCP, 1,4 Dioxane, TCE, and PCE) that is limiting current production. The Olympic Well Field Restoration consists of: 1) Equipping two new groundwater wells, 2) construction of a new pipeline to convey the groundwater to the well head treatment facility, and 3) construction of a new Olympic AWTF to remove contaminants from the Olympic Well Field before it is sent to the City’s Arcadia WTP.
• Arcadia WTP Expansion. The City’s Arcadia WTP is a brackish groundwater desalter that currently has a rated raw water treatment capacity of 11,300 AFY or 10 MGD and produces approximately 9,900 AFY (8.9 MGD) of treated water. To accommodate the production efficiency enhancement project additional groundwater flows from the Olympic Well Field Restoration Project, the Arcadia WTP will be expanded to its ultimate raw water treatment capacity of 14,700 AFY or approximately 13 MGD.
7.3.2 Total Water Supply and Use Comparison As summarized in Table 7-6, the City’s water supplies are adequate to meet projected water use under drought conditions over the next five years.
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Table 7-6. DRA Projected Water Supplies and Use for 2021- 2025
2021 TOTAL Gross Water Use 14,345 Total Supplies 14,161 Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action (184)
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation) WSCP - supply augmentation benefit 0 WSCP - use reduction savings benefit 2,886 Revised Surplus/(shortfall) 2,702 Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action 20%
2022 TOTAL Gross Water Use [Use Worksheet] 15,357 Total Supplies [Supply Worksheet] 14,161 Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action (1,196)
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation) WSCP - supply augmentation benefit 0 WSCP - use reduction savings benefit 3,099 Revised Surplus/(shortfall) 1,903 Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action 20%
2023 TOTAL Gross Water Use [Use Worksheet] 17,000 Total Supplies [Supply Worksheet] 16,765 Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action (235)
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation) WSCP - supply augmentation benefit 0 WSCP - use reduction savings benefit 3,483 Revised Surplus/(shortfall) 3,248 Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action 20%
2024 TOTAL Gross Water Use [Use Worksheet] 17,233 Total Supplies [Supply Worksheet] 16,765 Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action (468)
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation) WSCP - supply augmentation benefit 0 WSCP - use reduction savings benefit 3,530 Revised Surplus/(shortfall) 3,062 Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action 20%
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2025 TOTAL Gross Water Use [Use Worksheet] 17,467 Total Supplies [Supply Worksheet] 16,765 Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action (702)
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation) WSCP - supply augmentation benefit 0 WSCP - use reduction savings benefit 3,576 Revised Surplus/(shortfall) 2,874 Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action 20%
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8 WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY PLAN In addition to the Water Service Reliability and Drought Risk Assessments conducted in Section 7, the City has prepared a Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP) pursuant to legislative changes to the California Water Code’s Urban Water Management Planning Act (Section 10632). The City previously prepared a Water Shortage Response Plan, adopted by Santa Monica City Council on January 13, 2015. For consistency with the DWR naming convention, the WSCP replaces the previously adopted Water Shortage Response Plan. New elements required in the WSCP include the following:
• Description of the key components of the City’s water supply reliability analysis
• Six standard water shortage levels corresponding to progressive ranges of up to 10-, 20-, 30-, 40-, and 50-percent shortages and greater than 50-percent shortage
• Locally appropriate “shortage response actions” for each shortage level, with a corresponding estimate of the extent the action will address the gap between supplies and demands. [Water Code Section 10632 (a)(4)]
• Procedures for conducting an annual water supply and demand assessment with prescribed elements. Under Water Code Section 10632.1, urban water Suppliers are required to submit, by July 1 of each year, beginning in the year following adoption of the 2020 UWMP, an annual water shortage assessment report to the California DWR. [Water Code Section 10632 (a)(2)]
• Communication protocols and procedures to inform customers, the public, and government entities of any current or predicted water shortages and associated response actions. [Water Code Section 10632 (a)(5)]
• Monitoring and reporting procedures to assure appropriate data is collected to monitor customer compliance and to respond to any state reporting requirements. [Water Code Section 10632(a)(9)]
• A reevaluation and improvement process to assess the functionality of its WSCP and to make appropriate adjustments as may be warranted. [Water Code Section 10632(a)(10)] The WSCP is a standalone document and is provided as Appendix B.
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9 DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES
9.1 EXISTING DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES The City has adopted several plans and ordinances to implement water conservation programs and policies including the Sustainable City Plan, the Sustainable Water Master Plan, the Water Shortage Response Plan, the Green Building Ordinance and the Water Conservation Ordinance. The City acknowledges that efficient water use is a vital component of its current and future water planning and operations policies. The following sections describes the conservation programs and policies implemented by the City.
9.1.1 Water Waste Ordinances Santa Monica has a long-standing (since 1993) “No Water Waste” Ordinance (SMMC 7.16.020) which prohibits irrigation between 10:00 am and 4:00 pm, prohibits the watering down of paved or hard-surfaced areas, prohibits irrigation runoff, prohibits the filling of decorative fountains, prohibits the draining and re-filling of pools, requires water leaks to be repaired immediately, prohibits the washing of vehicles with a running hose, and mandates that restaurants serve water only upon request. The Water Conservation Unit staff (see section 9.2.6) assesses penalties in accordance with provisions of the ordinance and assists residents with voluntary compliance. In addition, the City has a Bay Saver Fee Ordinance (SMMC 7.12.030), which assesses a conservation incentive fee on residential water bills until water wasting fixtures are replaced with water conserving fixtures. The WCU staff conducts a free water saving assessment to verify Bay Saver compliant water efficient fixtures have been installed prior to removing the fee from the customer’s water bill. (SMMC 7.12.030) Lastly, the City has a Good Housekeeping Ordinance (SMMC 7.10.040), which includes anti-runoff provisions for irrigation and a prohibition of washing down paved areas with potable water.
9.1.2 Metering The City has all service connections metered which includes residential, commercial, institutional, fire service and dedicated landscape irrigation. The City is fully metered and in compliance with Water Code Section 525. All of the meters are manually read on a maximum 60-day cycle. The City maintains a robust system of meter integrity by individually testing every meter, per AWWA guidelines, before being placed into service. The testing is conducted by the Water Resources Metering Group and all documentation is retained electronically. Any end user has the option of challenging the integrity of their water meter at a nominal cost for testing. In the event the meter is found to be out of specification the testing cost is waived.
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The Water Resources Metering Group has evaluated multiple Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) technologies which has included radio and cellular services. One pilot project included the installation of over 500 Aclara meter transmission units (MTU’s). The signals were transmitted via Sothern California Gas data collector units (DCU’s). The proof of concept showed that radio signals were a viable option and could be transmitted utilizing a shared network. Currently, the City is conducting field evaluations of cellular technology utilizing Badger MTU’s. The City is committed to moving forward with the implementation of AMI. Currently, approximately 25% of the installed meters are AMI ready. All new meters are sourced AMI ready and compatible for either radio or cellular technologies. The City’s meter replacement schedule for aging meters is approximately 30 years. The existing AMI compatible meters have been in service for less than six years. The implementation of AMI will accelerate the replacement schedule. There have been regulations enacted regarding the metering of landscape irrigation. New Residential development projects require dedicated landscape water meters on areas greater than five thousand square feet of irrigated landscape. New Commercial developments require dedicated water meters on landscape areas unless the area is completely contained in a planter(s) or containers. The City has imposed a water meter requirement for all new public landscaped areas. The City implemented a submetering requirement for all new multi-residential property developments. Currently the City does not monitor the submeters. The intent is to allow property managers the ability to locate and track high usage onsite.
9.1.3 Conservation Pricing The City adopted its most recent five-year rate structure on January 28, 2020 for years 2020 through 2024. The adopted five-year rate structure for 2020-2024 includes a drought rate structure that could be in effect should conservation increase beyond currently expected levels and the Water Enterprise Fund is still obligated to meet its annual revenue requirements to keep the utility operational and functional. The drought rate structure would only be in effect as directed by City Council when conservation is mandated. The level of conservation mandated will determine the adjusted three-tier water commodity rate structure for the City, which for all customers is summarized in Table 9 1.
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Table 9 1. Summary of the City’s Drought Rate Structure for 2020-2024.
PERCENT INCREASE TO REV. REQ’T
FY 2019/20 FY 2020/21 FY 2021/22 FY 2022/23 FY 2023/24
20.00% 18.00% 14.00% 14.00% 14.00%
10%
Tier 1 $3.90 $4.60 $5.24 $5.97 $6.81
Tier 2 $4.64 $5.48 $6.24 $7.12 $8.11
Tier 3 $6.80 $8.03 $9.15 $10.43 $11.89
20%
Tier 1 $4.18 $4.93 $5.62 $6.41 $7.31
Tier 2 $4.98 $5.88 $6.70 $7.64 $8.71
Tier 3 $7.30 $8.62 $9.82 $11.20 $12.76
30%
Tier 1 $4.55 $5.36 $6.12 $6.97 $7.95
Tier 2 $5.42 $6.39 $7.29 $8.31 $9.47
Tier 3 $7.94 $9.37 $10.68 $12.18 $13.88
40%
Tier 1 $5.03 $5.94 $6.77 $7.72 $8.80
Tier 2 $6.00 $7.08 $8.07 $9.20 $10.49
Tier 3 $8.79 $10.38 $11.83 $13.49 $15.37
50%
Tier 1 $5.70 $6.75 $7.69 $8.77 $10.00
Tier 2 $6.81 $8.04 $9.16 $10.45 $11.91
Tier 3 $9.99 $11.79 $13.43 $15.32 $17.46
60%
Tier 1 $6.74 $7.96 $9.07 $10.34 $11.79
Tier 2 $8.03 $9.48 $10.81 $12.32 $14.04
Tier 3 $11.78 $13.90 $15.84 $18.06 $20.59
9.1.4 Public Education and Outreach A summary of previous and current public education and outreach activities are listed below.
• Conservation Marketing Campaign: An informative, entertaining, and well-received marketing campaign featuring fun, whimsical ways to conserve water (e.g. “Doggy Dishwasher”) was created for the most recent drought and was launched in 2015. The campaign promoted the phrase “We Love Santa Monica: Save Water. Show Your Love.” on all print and digital collateral, bus banners and outdoor hanging banners. In addition, a water conservation website was created (smgov.net/water) to provide a one-stop online location for water conservation recommendations and all the information for the Sustainable Landscape Rebate program. Elements of this campaign are still in use to continue reinforcement of water conservation.
• Water Use Allowances: Every water customer in the City receives a Water Use Allowance (WUA) uniquely calculated for each billing period. The WUA is clearly indicated in tables and on a graph that compares their usage to the WUA. See Section 9.3.1 for details on the WUA.
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• Customer Engagement Online Portal: The City conducted a pilot program with the WaterSmart Customer Engagement online platform from 2017-2020. A new customer engagement portal (Eye on Water) and utility side portal (Badger Beacon) are being deployed as part of the City’s AMI pilot of the Badger cellular meter technology.
• Irrigation Reminder Phone Calls: Prior to and during wet weather automatic calls are made to customers encouraging them to turn off their sprinklers.
• Sustainability Digital Newsletters: Water conservation tips, rebates, programs and other water conservation items are communicated regularly through the Office of Sustainability’s monthly digital newsletter.
• Social Media: Water conservation is promoted regularly on the City’s various social media platforms including Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter.
• City’s Seascape Print Newsletters: One issue per year is devoted to Sustainability which highlights water conservation, rebates, programs, etc.
• Print Advertising: Water conservation events, ordinances, and messaging are announced and promoted via local print news outlets including the Santa Monica Daily Press, Santa Monica Observer, Santa Monica Mirror, and the Argonaut.
• Outdoor Banner Advertising: Water conservation events, ordinances, and messaging are announced and promoted via Big Blue Bus banners (inside and outside), bus stop displays, and Big Belly recycling receptacles.
• Water Bill Inserts: Water conservation messaging is occasionally included on inserts included with customer bills.
• Events: The Water Conservation staff “tables” at several public events throughout the year. Tabling involves engaging customers in person to discuss water conservation, provide information print materials and to give away free showerheads, faucet aerators, shower buckets, hose nozzles and toilet dye strips. Most notable of the events is the City’s annual Coast festival, an outdoor, open-streets event celebrating community sustainability.
• Donut Delivery: The Water Conservation Unit delivers bagged donuts with attached water conservation print materials to gardeners and landscapers about three times per year. The print materials describe watering restrictions and our landscape rebate programs. This direct contact activity with the people that are actually managing landscapes in the City not only delights, but builds trust and educates about water conservation to reduce water waste and increase participation in our landscape rebate programs.
• Sustainable Landscape Trainings: WCU staff coordinates with the City’s Public Works, Airport, and Public Landscape on the installation of sustainable landscapes
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and rock/rain gardens for yards and parkways. Trainings are conducted at the City’s Airport Demonstration Garden where hundreds of residents have participated in these sustainable landscape trainings since 2015.
• Customer Service: Water Conservation Unit staff engages with customers via phone and email every workday regarding water conservation questions and programs. Approximately 300 phone calls and emails from Santa Monica water customers are received and responded to each year. In addition to continuing the activities described above, the Water Conservation Unit intends to implement the following measures for future public education and outreach:
• Updated Marketing Campaign: Working with the Office of Sustainability’s contracted marketing agency, a new water conservation marketing campaign will be created with messaging aligned with the State’s “Making Water Conservation a California Way of Life.”
• Customer Engagement Portal: The Water Conservation Unit staff will be ramping up its outreach and support of the Badger Eye on Water customer portal used as the City’s AMI pilot program expands. In addition, other customer engagement platforms will be explored for potential implementation.
• AMI Support: The Water Conservation Unit will lead outreach and marketing efforts required for successful AMI implementation when/if this occurs.
9.1.5 Programs to Assess and Manage Distribution System Real Loss The City has approached managing system water loss by developing a capital improvement program for the replacement of water mains. The program is based on three factors which are used to assess the need for pipeline replacement. This includes the age of the water main, the prior history of water main failures on the individual segments of water mains throughout the City and inspections of the internal condition of water mains. The three factors are then used to prioritize annual water main replacements. The selection is reviewed and approved by both engineering and field operations staff. The first criteria considered, lifespan of the water main, has been selected as 100 years. There are approximately 200 miles of water main therefore City staff have budgeted in 2 miles of water main replacement annually. The second criteria is the historic records of water main leaks. This is documented in the City’s computerized maintenance management system, Infor Hansen. The documentation and field staff input provide recommendations for water main replacements. During water main repairs, observations are recorded regarding the condition of the main while exposed during the repair. This has been proven a valid approach when subsequent repairs have been required along segments that had previous failures. Lastly, the City contracted with an inspection service to perform visual inspections of the interior of suspect water mains and provide recommendations on
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replacements. This service was conducted while the water mains were pressurized using a camera system that was inserted via fire hydrants. The State’s proposed water loss performance standards will require the City to definitively identify the water losses. This will be accomplished by the installation of meters in the proper location for the City’s sourced water entering the distribution system. In addition, the City has implemented regulations that will provide the City the means to meet their urban water use objectives and allowed water use per AB 1668 and SB 606.
9.2 WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAM COORDINATION AND STAFFING
SUPPORT The City’s water conservation programs are developed, implemented and coordinated by a two-person Water Conservation Unit (WCU): Thomas Fleming: Sustainability Analyst (thomas.fleming@smgov.net) Salvador Gonzalez: Water Resources Specialist (salvador.gonzalez@smgov.net) To develop and coordinate the City’s water conservation programs, the WCU conducts ongoing assessments of the current level of water fixtures, as well as identifying the greatest opportunities for reducing water consumption. Based on this continual analysis, programs are developed and modified to reach the City’s long-term objectives via existing and new conservation programs. See sections 9.3.1 and 9.3.2 for details of the measures. In particular, in response to statewide drought conditions in 2015, the WCU augmented existing, and implemented additional, water conservation measures that has resulted in a permanent water demand reduction of 21 percent, or approximately 3,000 acre-feet per year (AFY). The average annual water consumption has been reduced from 135 GPCD to 102 GPCD. Existing conservation efforts will be enhanced through a new Water Conservation Master Plan to reduce water demand by an additional 785 AFY by 2025. The WCU continues to implement the City’s overall water conservation strategies, policies, incentives and programs to assist in achieving – and sustaining – water self-sufficiency (see Section 9.2.7 below). The WCU is also charged with permanently establishing water conservation as the new normal in the City along with implementing and meeting the AB 1668/SB 606 legislative requirements being developed for the State’s mandated water conservation framework (“Making Water Conservation a California Way of Life”, Executive Order B-37-16).
9.3 WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES, IMPLEMENTATION TO
ACHIEVE WATER USE TARGETS, AND WATER USE OBJECTIVES (FUTURE
REQUIREMENTS) Water Demand Management is achieved through implementation of various water conservation and efficiency programs designed to permanently reduce residential and
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commercial potable water use. The City has been actively implementing water conservation programs since 1988 and initiated its Water Efficiency Strategic Plan in 2002. Continuation of existing, and implementation of proposed, conservation measures are essential for the City to eliminate reliance on imported water to achieve water self-sufficiency and to reduce overall use in the face of increased demand pressures from new housing and from the commercial and institutional sectors of the local economy.
9.3.1 Ongoing
• Water Use Allowances (WUAs): The WUA is a component of the WSCP and is the mechanism to implement the mandatory reduction required by a Water Supply Shortage. WUAs represent the amount of water that can be used by a water customer without risk of receiving an exceedance citation (see below). The WUA for the current Stage 2 Water Supply Shortage is 20% below the amount of water used in 2013. Every water customer in the City receives a WUA uniquely calculated for each billing period.
• Water Use Allowance Exceedance Citations: A water customer can receive an administrative citation for exceeding their WUA for any given billing period. Citation fees are $250 for the first exceedance, $500 for the second exceedance (within 12 months of the first) and $1,000 for the third exceedance (within 12 months of the second). Since 2015, over 1,300 WUA Exceedance Citations have been issued.
• Water School: A water customer can have their WUA Exceedance citation fee waived for the first exceedance by completing either an online or in-person Water School. The online Water School, created and maintained by the WCU staff, is an educational course with quizzes on Santa Monica water along with indoor and outdoor water conservation. The in-person Water School is conducted onsite at the customer’s property by WCU staff, which includes an audit of indoor water fixtures, the outdoor irrigation system and leak detection using the water meter and toilet dye tabs. Note: The online Water School was eliminated in 2018 due to reduced staff, but the onsite audits continue. Since 2015, over 300 Water School session have been completed.
• Water Use Consultations: WCU staff make onsite visits to customers to comprehensively audit indoor water use (measuring flush and flow fixtures, appliances, checking for leaks, behaviors), outdoor water use (irrigation system, checking for leaks, behaviors), along with a meter check. Recommendations for saving water are documented and sent to the customer. Consultations have resulted in the discovery and repair of major leaks, adjustment of irrigation system timers, installation of low-flow devices (aerators and showerheads (free), toilets and urinals (rebates), and water-use behavior changes. This program is free of charge for any Santa Monica water customer. Since 2015, over 650 consultations have been provided to City water customers.
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• Enhanced Landscape Rebate Program: The City’s most successful rebate program provides rebates for customers that replace their turf grass and overhead spray irrigation with sustainable, drought tolerant, low-water using landscapes with no or drip irrigation only. Santa Monica’s unique landscape rebate requirements establish effective water conservation, provide successful and maintainable projects, and ensure an aesthetically pleasing landscape. Since 2015, over 675 rebate projects have been completed removing over 1.1 million square feet of turf at a program cost of $2.2 million.
• Landscape Consultants: The WCU has partnered with professional landscape professionals who meet with potential landscape rebate customers at their property and provide expert advice on sustainable landscaping and completing a rebate. This service is $50 for a two-hour consultation. Since 2015 over 600 Landscape Consultations have been completed. Since 2015, over 620 Landscape Consultations have been completed. Note: This program was temporarily halted in 2020 due to Covid-19 budget cuts.
• Sustainable Landscape Trainings: WCU staff coordinates with the City’s Public Works, Airport, and Public Landscape on the installation of sustainable landscapes and rock/rain gardens for yards and parkways. Trainings are conducted at the City’s Airport Demonstration Garden where hundreds of residents have participated in these sustainable landscape trainings since 2015.
• Water Waste Patrols: WCU staff enforces SMMC 7.16.020, the "No Water Waste” ordinance (see Section 9.2.1). Responses to inbound water waste complaints are handled immediately, and proactive patrols in the community provide on-site detection of water waste. Notices of Violations (NOVs) are issued to ensure resolution of water waste issues with Citations issued as needed. Since 2015, over 1,500 NOVs have been issued.
• Enhanced MWD Water Conservation Rebates: As a member-agency of the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD), the City of Santa Monica participates in their program to provide rebates for high efficiency toilets, urinals, clothes washers, restaurant appliances, irrigation devices and other devices. Since 2015, the WCU has increased the supplemental funding added to MWD’s base rebate amounts to further incentivize installation of these water-conserving devices. Since 2015, over 7,200 devices have been rebated at a cost to the City of $137,000.
• Free Water Saving Items: WCU staff has distributed thousands of water saving items to Santa Monica water customers since 2015. These items include low-flow faucet aerators, low-flow showerheads, automatic shut-off hose nozzles, toilet leak-detection dye tabs, shower buckets, flow-rate bags, and reusable canvas bags. The WCU also provides free tent cards and door hangers for hotels/motels to encourage water conservation by guests through reusing towels and sheets. These free items
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are available in the OSE office and are also distributed at outreach events. Since 2015, over 17,000 water saving devices have been distributed.
• Customer Support: WCU staff provides excellent customer phone and email support every workday regarding any water conservation issue or program. Approximately 300 phone calls and emails from Santa Monica water customers are received and responded to each year.
2015-2018 Multi-Family Toilet Direct Install Program: This program, a component of the City’s Sustainable Water Master Plan, facilitated the retrofitting of inefficient water-wasting toilets with water efficient, high-efficiency toilets in multi-family buildings. Toilets eligible for replacement included those using at least 1.6 gallons per flush (gpf), retrofitted with Premium High-Efficiency Toilets (PHETs) that use 0.8 gpf. 4,330 toilets were retrofitted at a total program cost of $1,367,514 for an average toilet retrofit cost of $316/toilet (includes fixture and accessories, labor, and administrative expenses).
2016 – Ongoing Water Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards (WELIS) (SMMC 8.108): WELIS is a component of the Green Building Ordinance which requires the most water-efficient plumbing fixtures, irrigation, and landscaping for new construction, major remodels, and new or remolded landscapes. In December 2016, the ordinance was significantly updated to ban overhead spray irrigation for all new developments and for new landscape on existing developments. In addition, turf grass is banned on new commercial developments and is limited to 20% of landscaped area for new residential developments.
2017-2020 MOU to Fund Water Conservation: Santa Monica City Council approved an MOU with Santa Monica-Malibu Unified School District (SMMUSD) to fund water conservation projects. The projects funded included professional indoor and outdoor water audits all schools and facilities in Santa Monica (to determine fixture retrofits via the Water Neutrality Ordinance...see Future Projects below) and smart irrigation controller upgrades at nine campus locations. The projects cost $373,191, with projected savings of 3.9 AFY. The program was defunded and closed due to Covid-19 related budget cuts.
2017 – Ongoing
• Water Neutrality Ordinance (SMMC 7.16.050): On July 1, 2017, the City’s Water Neutrality Ordinance went into effect and capped water use for new developments to the average five-year historical water use for that individual parcel. If the projected annual water use for the development is greater than existing parcel’s annual average over the past five years, the increased amount must be offset by funding water-efficient retrofits of existing buildings elsewhere in the City. Offset
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retrofits currently include low-flow indoor fixtures (toilets, urinals, showerheads, aerators). The ordinance applies to pools, ponds, spas and other water features as well. This ordinance was developed and is implemented by WCU staff. Implementation includes performing over 500 development project plan checks each year along with determining fees and managing a full-scale Water Neutrality Direct Install program (see below).
• Water Neutrality Direct Install Program: Implementation of the Water Neutrality Ordinance (above) requires the implementation and managing of a full-scale direct install program to retrofit water wasting fixtures with highly efficient water saving fixtures. Since 2017, the program has retrofitted 1,931 toilets, 44 urinals, 956 showerheads, and 2,083 faucet aerators. The cost of these retrofits through 2020 is $1.44 million, all provided by Water Neutrality Offset fees collected from developers when permits are pulled.
2018 – 2019
• School Education Pilot Program: The City partnered with the Discovery Science Center of Los Angeles to implement a pilot fifth-grade school program during the 2018-19 school year to educate Santa Monica-Malibu Unified School District students on the importance of water conservation and the impacts on our water supply and local watershed. Students participated in a grade-specific, standards-aligned assembly that focused on water use efficiency and conservation in an interactive and dynamic way. At the start and end of the assembly, students completed a quiz on their knowledge on water conservation, Santa Monica water supply, and our watershed. The City, with the Discovery Science Center, developed a Santa Monica specific booklet for students to take home and share with their family. Approximately 724 students went through the program at a City cost of $8,397.
2020 – Present
• Spray to Drip Irrigation Conversion Rebate: A new landscape rebate program provides for customers to replace operational sprinklers in planter beds and hedges with highly efficient drip irrigation that delivers water directly to the plants. This rebate does not apply to existing lawn areas.
9.3.2 Future (2021-2025, pending budget approvals)
• Water Conservation Programs Master Plan: An overall master plan will be developed to provide a more detailed water conservation framework and benefit/cost analysis of existing and proposed programs. An outside consultant will be retained to provide guidance and support for developing this plan.
• Marketing/Messaging Program for “Conservation as a Way of Life” and Potential Drought Resurgence: Working with the Office of Sustainability’s contracted marketing agency, a new water conservation marketing campaign will be created
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with messaging aligned with the State’s “Making Water Conservation a California Way of Life.” Depending on conditions, drought-related information this may also become part of the messaging.
• Targeted Commercial Sector Programs: Restaurants, hotels, and medical facilities are the highest commercial users of water in the City. As such, outreach and support program will be developed for one-on-one audits, evaluations, process recommendations, and rebate incentives for fixtures/devices to provide meaningful water savings in these specific sectors. An outside contractor may be used to develop and implement these programs.
• Expanded School Education Program: Building upon the pilot program described above, the City will again partner with the Discovery Science Center to expand the pilot school program to all fifth-grade Santa Monica students to provide education on water conservation and the impacts on our water supply and local watershed.
• Performance Pays: This effort will leverage Metropolitan Water District’s Water Savings Incentive Program (WSIP) for unique, innovative water conservation programs. Potential projects include pump pods for fire department trainings and cooling tower retrofits with new technology.
• School District Retrofits via Water Neutrality Direct Install Program: The scope of properties where the Water Neutrality Direct Install program retrofits fixtures will be expanded from residential and CII to include all City campuses of the Santa Monica-Malibu Unified School District.
• Greywater System Permitting Guidebook: The use of graywater onsite is less energy intensive than treating wastewater and can be a cost-effective alternative water supply for irrigation and other non-potable uses at the property. Santa Monica residents and businesses can currently install Laundry-to-Landscape greywater systems without a permit, but more complex systems require a permit. To assist those that would like to install advanced onsite greywater systems, the City intends to provide a guidebook to help developers navigate the permitting process to help incentive these systems.
• Flow Measuring and Irrigation Controller Devices Incentives: As a bridge to AMI, and to realize the potential water savings from customers having real-time water use data (including leak alerts), an incentive program will be developed for customers to obtain and install a flow measuring device on their water meter. In addition, incentives for installing and properly programming a smart irrigation controller will potentially be developed to address outdoor water efficiency.
• Clothes Washer Incentive for Multi-Family: Clothes washers are among the highest uses of indoor water. Typically, in multi-family shared laundry rooms, the machines are older, top-loading, water-inefficient models that use 25-40 gallons per load. A
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program will be developed to incentivize property owners to lease or purchase newer, high efficiency clothes washing machines that use approximately 15 gallons/load.
• Irrigation System Audit and Repair: Much of the outdoor water waste occurs due to incorrect watering schedules programmed in customer’s irrigation timers/controllers (i.e. overwatering). In addition, leaks and broken sprinklers heads go unnoticed as irrigation is typically run at night and not observed. This new program will utilize a contractor to provide extensive outdoor audits and make necessary timer adjustments and simple repairs to save water.
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APPENDICIES Page A 1
References California, M. W. (2020, January 23). Metropolitan Breaks Water Storage Records. Los Angeles, California , USA. Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. (2007, September). About Your Water -
Groundwater Assessment Study Report. Retrieved from mwdh20.com: http://www.mwdh2o.com/PDF_About_Your_Water/Groundwater_Assessment_Study_Report.pdf Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. (2020, January 23). Water Tomorrow -
Metropolitan's E-Newsletter. Retrieved from Water Tomorrow - Metropolitan's E-Newsletter: http://www1.mwdh2o.com/DocSvcsPubs/mwd_newsletter/Jan2020/email.html Richard C. Slade & Associates LLC. (June 2018). Updated Preliminary Study of the
Sustainable Yield of the Groundwater Subbasin Within the Santa Monica Basin Los
Angeles County, CA. City of Santa Monica.
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APPENDICIES Page A 1
Appendix A
California Water Code
Urban Water Management Planning
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10610.
10610.2.
10610.4.
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WATER CODE - WAT
DIVISION 6. CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND UTILIZATION OF STATE WATER RESOURCES [10000 - 12999] (
Heading of Division 6 amended by Stats. 1957, Ch. 1932. )
PART 2.6. URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANNING [10610 - 10657] ( Part 2.6 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec.
1. )
CHAPTER 1. General Declaration and Policy [10610 - 10610.4] ( Chapter 1 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1. )
This part shall be known and may be cited as the “Urban Water Management Planning Act.”
(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1.)
(a) The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:
(1) The waters of the state are a limited and renewable resource subject to ever-increasing demands.
(2) The conservation and efficient use of urban water supplies are of statewide concern; however, the planning for
that use and the implementation of those plans can best be accomplished at the local level.
(3) A long-term, reliable supply of water is essential to protect the productivity of California’s businesses and
economic climate, and increasing long-term water conservation among Californians, improving water use efficiency
within the state’s communities and agricultural production, and strengthening local and regional drought planning
are critical to California’s resilience to drought and climate change.
(4) As part of its long-range planning activities, every urban water supplier should make every effort to ensure the
appropriate level of reliability in its water service sufficient to meet the needs of its various categories of customers
during normal, dry, and multiple dry water years now and into the foreseeable future, and every urban water
supplier should collaborate closely with local land-use authorities to ensure water demand forecasts are consistent
with current land-use planning.
(5) Public health issues have been raised over a number of contaminants that have been identified in certain local
and imported water supplies.
(6) Implementing effective water management strategies, including groundwater storage projects and recycled
water projects, may require specific water quality and salinity targets for meeting groundwater basins water quality
objectives and promoting beneficial use of recycled water.
(7) Water quality regulations are becoming an increasingly important factor in water agencies’ selection of raw
water sources, treatment alternatives, and modifications to existing treatment facilities.
(8) Changes in drinking water quality standards may also impact the usefulness of water supplies and may
ultimately impact supply reliability.
(9) The quality of source supplies can have a significant impact on water management strategies and supply
reliability.
(b) This part is intended to provide assistance to water agencies in carrying out their long-term resource planning
responsibilities to ensure adequate water supplies to meet existing and future demands for water.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 18. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
The Legislature finds and declares that it is the policy of the state as follows:
(a) The management of urban water demands and efficient use of water shall be actively pursued to protect both
the people of the state and their water resources.
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(b) The management of urban water demands and efficient use of urban water supplies shall be a guiding criterion
in public decisions.
(c) Urban water suppliers shall be required to develop water management plans to achieve the efficient use of
available supplies and strengthen local drought planning.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 19. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
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10611.
10611.3.
10611.5.
10612.
10613.
10614.
10615.
10616.
10616.5.
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WATER CODE - WAT
DIVISION 6. CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND UTILIZATION OF STATE WATER RESOURCES [10000 - 12999] (
Heading of Division 6 amended by Stats. 1957, Ch. 1932. )
PART 2.6. URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANNING [10610 - 10657] ( Part 2.6 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec.
1. )
CHAPTER 2. Definitions [10611 - 10618] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1. )
Unless the context otherwise requires, the definitions of this chapter govern the construction of this part.
(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1.)
“Customer” means a purchaser of water from a water supplier who uses the water for municipal purposes,
including residential, commercial, governmental, and industrial uses.
(Added by renumbering Section 10612 by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 20. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
“Demand management” means those water conservation measures, programs, and incentives that prevent
the waste of water and promote the reasonable and efficient use and reuse of available supplies.
(Amended by Stats. 1995, Ch. 854, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 1996.)
“Drought risk assessment” means a method that examines water shortage risks based on the driest five-
year historic sequence for the agency’s water supply, as described in subdivision (b) of Section 10635.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 21. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
“Efficient use” means those management measures that result in the most effective use of water so as to
prevent its waste or unreasonable use or unreasonable method of use.
(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1.)
“Person” means any individual, firm, association, organization, partnership, business, trust, corporation,
company, public agency, or any agency of such an entity.
(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1.)
“Plan” means an urban water management plan prepared pursuant to this part. A plan shall describe and
evaluate sources of supply, reasonable and practical efficient uses, reclamation and demand management activities.
The components of the plan may vary according to an individual community or area’s characteristics and its
capabilities to efficiently use and conserve water. The plan shall address measures for residential, commercial,
governmental, and industrial water demand management as set forth in Article 2 (commencing with Section 10630)
of Chapter 3. In addition, a strategy and time schedule for implementation shall be included in the plan.
(Amended by Stats. 1995, Ch. 854, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1996.)
“Public agency” means any board, commission, county, city and county, city, regional agency, district, or
other public entity.
(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1.)
‛Recycled water” means the reclamation and reuse of wastewater for beneficial use.
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10617.
10617.5.
10618.
(Added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 854, Sec. 5. Effective January 1, 1996.)
“Urban water supplier” means a supplier, either publicly or privately owned, providing water for municipal
purposes either directly or indirectly to more than 3,000 customers or supplying more than 3,000 acre-feet of
water annually. An urban water supplier includes a supplier or contractor for water, regardless of the basis of right,
which distributes or sells for ultimate resale to customers. This part applies only to water supplied from public water
systems subject to Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 116275) of Part 12 of Division 104 of the Health and
Safety Code.
(Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 1023, Sec. 428. Effective September 29, 1996.)
“Water shortage contingency plan” means a document that incorporates the provisions detailed in
subdivision (a) of Section 10632 and is subsequently adopted by an urban water supplier pursuant to this article.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 22. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
“Water supply and demand assessment” means a method that looks at current year and one or more dry
year supplies and demands for determining water shortage risks, as described in Section 10632.1.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 23. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
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10620.
10621.
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WATER CODE - WAT
DIVISION 6. CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND UTILIZATION OF STATE WATER RESOURCES [10000 - 12999] (
Heading of Division 6 amended by Stats. 1957, Ch. 1932. )
PART 2.6. URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANNING [10610 - 10657] ( Part 2.6 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec.
1. )
CHAPTER 3. Urban Water Management Plans [10620 - 10645] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1. )
ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [10620 - 10621] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1. )
(a) Every urban water supplier shall prepare and adopt an urban water management plan in the manner set
forth in Article 3 (commencing with Section 10640).
(b) Every person that becomes an urban water supplier shall adopt an urban water management plan within one
year after it has become an urban water supplier.
(c) An urban water supplier indirectly providing water shall not include planning elements in its water management
plan as provided in Article 2 (commencing with Section 10630) that would be applicable to urban water suppliers or
public agencies directly providing water, or to their customers, without the consent of those suppliers or public
agencies.
(d) (1) An urban water supplier may satisfy the requirements of this part by participation in areawide, regional,
watershed, or basinwide urban water management planning where those plans will reduce preparation costs and
contribute to the achievement of conservation, efficient water use, and improved local drought resilience.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), each urban water supplier shall develop its own water shortage contingency
plan, but an urban water supplier may incorporate, collaborate, and otherwise share information with other urban
water suppliers or other governing entities participating in an areawide, regional, watershed, or basinwide urban
water management plan, an agricultural management plan, or groundwater sustainability plan development.
(3) Each urban water supplier shall coordinate the preparation of its plan with other appropriate agencies in the
area, including other water suppliers that share a common source, water management agencies, and relevant
public agencies, to the extent practicable.
(e) The urban water supplier may prepare the plan with its own staff, by contract, or in cooperation with other
governmental agencies.
(f) An urban water supplier shall describe in the plan water management tools and options used by that entity that
will maximize resources and minimize the need to import water from other regions.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 24. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
(a) Each urban water supplier shall update its plan at least once every five years on or before July 1, in
years ending in six and one, incorporating updated and new information from the five years preceding each update.
(b) Every urban water supplier required to prepare a plan pursuant to this part shall, at least 60 days before the
public hearing on the plan required by Section 10642, notify any city or county within which the supplier provides
water supplies that the urban water supplier will be reviewing the plan and considering amendments or changes to
the plan. The urban water supplier may consult with, and obtain comments from, any city or county that receives
notice pursuant to this subdivision.
(c) An urban water supplier regulated by the Public Utilities Commission shall include its most recent plan and water
shortage contingency plan as part of the supplier’s general rate case filings.
(d) The amendments to, or changes in, the plan shall be adopted and filed in the manner set forth in Article 3
(commencing with Section 10640).
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(e) Each urban water supplier shall update and submit its 2015 plan to the department by July 1, 2016.
(f) Each urban water supplier shall update and submit its 2020 plan to the department by July 1, 2021.
(Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 239, Sec. 7. (AB 1414) Effective January 1, 2020.)
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10630.
10630.5.
10631.
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WATER CODE - WAT
DIVISION 6. CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND UTILIZATION OF STATE WATER RESOURCES [10000 - 12999] (
Heading of Division 6 amended by Stats. 1957, Ch. 1932. )
PART 2.6. URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANNING [10610 - 10657] ( Part 2.6 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec.
1. )
CHAPTER 3. Urban Water Management Plans [10620 - 10645] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1. )
ARTICLE 2. Contents of Plans [10630 - 10634] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1. )
It is the intention of the Legislature, in enacting this part, to permit levels of water management planning
commensurate with the numbers of customers served and the volume of water supplied, while accounting for
impacts from climate change.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 26. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
Each plan shall include a simple lay description of how much water the agency has on a reliable basis, how
much it needs for the foreseeable future, what the agency’s strategy is for meeting its water needs, the challenges
facing the agency, and any other information necessary to provide a general understanding of the agency’s plan.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 27. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
A plan shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter that shall do all of the following:
(a) Describe the service area of the supplier, including current and projected population, climate, and other social,
economic, and demographic factors affecting the supplier’s water management planning. The projected population
estimates shall be based upon data from the state, regional, or local service agency population projections within
the service area of the urban water supplier and shall be in five-year increments to 20 years or as far as data is
available. The description shall include the current and projected land uses within the existing or anticipated service
area affecting the supplier’s water management planning. Urban water suppliers shall coordinate with local or
regional land use authorities to determine the most appropriate land use information, including, where appropriate,
land use information obtained from local or regional land use authorities, as developed pursuant to Article 5
(commencing with Section 65300) of Chapter 3 of Division 1 of Title 7 of the Government Code.
(b) Identify and quantify, to the extent practicable, the existing and planned sources of water available to the
supplier over the same five-year increments described in subdivision (a), providing supporting and related
information, including all of the following:
(1) A detailed discussion of anticipated supply availability under a normal water year, single dry year, and droughts
lasting at least five years, as well as more frequent and severe periods of drought, as described in the drought risk
assessment. For each source of water supply, consider any information pertinent to the reliability analysis
conducted pursuant to Section 10635, including changes in supply due to climate change.
(2) When multiple sources of water supply are identified, a description of the management of each supply in
correlation with the other identified supplies.
(3) For any planned sources of water supply, a description of the measures that are being undertaken to acquire
and develop those water supplies.
(4) If groundwater is identified as an existing or planned source of water available to the supplier, all of the
following information:
(A) The current version of any groundwater sustainability plan or alternative adopted pursuant to Part 2.74
(commencing with Section 10720), any groundwater management plan adopted by the urban water supplier,
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including plans adopted pursuant to Part 2.75 (commencing with Section 10750), or any other specific authorization
for groundwater management for basins underlying the urban water supplier’s service area.
(B) A description of any groundwater basin or basins from which the urban water supplier pumps groundwater. For
basins that a court or the board has adjudicated the rights to pump groundwater, a copy of the order or decree
adopted by the court or the board and a description of the amount of groundwater the urban water supplier has the
legal right to pump under the order or decree. For a basin that has not been adjudicated, information as to whether
the department has identified the basin as a high- or medium-priority basin in the most current official
departmental bulletin that characterizes the condition of the groundwater basin, and a detailed description of the
efforts being undertaken by the urban water supplier to coordinate with groundwater sustainability agencies or
groundwater management agencies listed in subdivision (c) of Section 10723 to maintain or achieve sustainable
groundwater conditions in accordance with a groundwater sustainability plan or alternative adopted pursuant to
Part 2.74 (commencing with Section 10720).
(C) A detailed description and analysis of the location, amount, and sufficiency of groundwater pumped by the
urban water supplier for the past five years. The description and analysis shall be based on information that is
reasonably available, including, but not limited to, historic use records.
(D) A detailed description and analysis of the amount and location of groundwater that is projected to be pumped
by the urban water supplier. The description and analysis shall be based on information that is reasonably available,
including, but not limited to, historic use records.
(c) Describe the opportunities for exchanges or transfers of water on a short-term or long-term basis.
(d) (1) For an urban retail water supplier, quantify, to the extent records are available, past and current water use,
over the same five-year increments described in subdivision (a), and projected water use, based upon information
developed pursuant to subdivision (a), identifying the uses among water use sectors, including, but not necessarily
limited to, all of the following:
(A) Single-family residential.
(B) Multifamily.
(C) Commercial.
(D) Industrial.
(E) Institutional and governmental.
(F) Landscape.
(G) Sales to other agencies.
(H) Saline water intrusion barriers, groundwater recharge, or conjunctive use, or any combination thereof.
(I) Agricultural.
(J) Distribution system water loss.
(2) The water use projections shall be in the same five-year increments described in subdivision (a).
(3) (A) The distribution system water loss shall be quantified for each of the five years preceding the plan update,
in accordance with rules adopted pursuant to Section 10608.34.
(B) The distribution system water loss quantification shall be reported in accordance with a worksheet approved or
developed by the department through a public process. The water loss quantification worksheet shall be based on
the water system balance methodology developed by the American Water Works Association.
(C) In the plan due July 1, 2021, and in each update thereafter, data shall be included to show whether the urban
retail water supplier met the distribution loss standards enacted by the board pursuant to Section 10608.34.
(4) (A) Water use projections, where available, shall display and account for the water savings estimated to result
from adopted codes, standards, ordinances, or transportation and land use plans identified by the urban water
supplier, as applicable to the service area.
(B) To the extent that an urban water supplier reports the information described in subparagraph (A), an urban
water supplier shall do both of the following:
(i) Provide citations of the various codes, standards, ordinances, or transportation and land use plans utilized in
making the projections.
(ii) Indicate the extent that the water use projections consider savings from codes, standards, ordinances, or
transportation and land use plans. Water use projections that do not account for these water savings shall be noted
of that fact.
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10631.1.
10631.2.
(e) Provide a description of the supplier’s water demand management measures. This description shall include all of
the following:
(1) (A) For an urban retail water supplier, as defined in Section 10608.12, a narrative description that addresses
the nature and extent of each water demand management measure implemented over the past five years. The
narrative shall describe the water demand management measures that the supplier plans to implement to achieve
its water use targets pursuant to Section 10608.20.
(B) The narrative pursuant to this paragraph shall include descriptions of the following water demand management
measures:
(i) Water waste prevention ordinances.
(ii) Metering.
(iii) Conservation pricing.
(iv) Public education and outreach.
(v) Programs to assess and manage distribution system real loss.
(vi) Water conservation program coordination and staffing support.
(vii) Other demand management measures that have a significant impact on water use as measured in gallons per
capita per day, including innovative measures, if implemented.
(2) For an urban wholesale water supplier, as defined in Section 10608.12, a narrative description of the items in
clauses (ii), (iv), (vi), and (vii) of subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1), and a narrative description of its distribution
system asset management and wholesale supplier assistance programs.
(f) Include a description of all water supply projects and water supply programs that may be undertaken by the
urban water supplier to meet the total projected water use, as established pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section
10635. The urban water supplier shall include a detailed description of expected future projects and programs that
the urban water supplier may implement to increase the amount of the water supply available to the urban water
supplier in normal and single-dry water years and for a period of drought lasting five consecutive water years. The
description shall identify specific projects and include a description of the increase in water supply that is expected
to be available from each project. The description shall include an estimate with regard to the implementation
timeline for each project or program.
(g) Describe the opportunities for development of desalinated water, including, but not limited to, ocean water,
brackish water, and groundwater, as a long-term supply.
(h) An urban water supplier that relies upon a wholesale agency for a source of water shall provide the wholesale
agency with water use projections from that agency for that source of water in five-year increments to 20 years or
as far as data is available. The wholesale agency shall provide information to the urban water supplier for inclusion
in the urban water supplier’s plan that identifies and quantifies, to the extent practicable, the existing and planned
sources of water as required by subdivision (b), available from the wholesale agency to the urban water supplier
over the same five-year increments, and during various water-year types in accordance with subdivision (f). An
urban water supplier may rely upon water supply information provided by the wholesale agency in fulfilling the plan
informational requirements of subdivisions (b) and (f).
(Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 239, Sec. 8. (AB 1414) Effective January 1, 2020.)
(a) The water use projections required by Section 10631 shall include projected water use for single-family
and multifamily residential housing needed for lower income households, as defined in Section 50079.5 of the
Health and Safety Code, as identified in the housing element of any city, county, or city and county in the service
area of the supplier.
(b) It is the intent of the Legislature that the identification of projected water use for single-family and multifamily
residential housing for lower income households will assist a supplier in complying with the requirement under
Section 65589.7 of the Government Code to grant a priority for the provision of service to housing units affordable
to lower income households.
(Added by Stats. 2005, Ch. 727, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2006.)
(a) In addition to the requirements of Section 10631, an urban water management plan shall include any
of the following information that the urban water supplier can readily obtain:
(1) An estimate of the amount of energy used to extract or divert water supplies.
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10632.
(2) An estimate of the amount of energy used to convey water supplies to the water treatment plants or
distribution systems.
(3) An estimate of the amount of energy used to treat water supplies.
(4) An estimate of the amount of energy used to distribute water supplies through its distribution systems.
(5) An estimate of the amount of energy used for treated water supplies in comparison to the amount used for
nontreated water supplies.
(6) An estimate of the amount of energy used to place water into or withdraw from storage.
(7) Any other energy-related information the urban water supplier deems appropriate.
(b) The department shall include in its guidance for the preparation of urban water management plans a
methodology for the voluntary calculation or estimation of the energy intensity of urban water systems. The
department may consider studies and calculations conducted by the Public Utilities Commission in developing the
methodology.
(c) The Legislature finds and declares that energy use is only one factor in water supply planning and shall not be
considered independently of other factors.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 29. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
(a) Every urban water supplier shall prepare and adopt a water shortage contingency plan as part of its
urban water management plan that consists of each of the following elements:
(1) The analysis of water supply reliability conducted pursuant to Section 10635.
(2) The procedures used in conducting an annual water supply and demand assessment that include, at a
minimum, both of the following:
(A) The written decisionmaking process that an urban water supplier will use each year to determine its water
supply reliability.
(B) The key data inputs and assessment methodology used to evaluate the urban water supplier’s water supply
reliability for the current year and one dry year, including all of the following:
(i) Current year unconstrained demand, considering weather, growth, and other influencing factors, such as policies
to manage current supplies to meet demand objectives in future years, as applicable.
(ii) Current year available supply, considering hydrological and regulatory conditions in the current year and one dry
year. The annual supply and demand assessment may consider more than one dry year solely at the discretion of
the urban water supplier.
(iii) Existing infrastructure capabilities and plausible constraints.
(iv) A defined set of locally applicable evaluation criteria that are consistently relied upon for each annual water
supply and demand assessment.
(v) A description and quantification of each source of water supply.
(3) (A) Six standard water shortage levels corresponding to progressive ranges of up to 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50
percent shortages and greater than 50 percent shortage. Urban water suppliers shall define these shortage levels
based on the suppliers’ water supply conditions, including percentage reductions in water supply, changes in
groundwater levels, changes in surface elevation or level of subsidence, or other changes in hydrological or other
local conditions indicative of the water supply available for use. Shortage levels shall also apply to catastrophic
interruption of water supplies, including, but not limited to, a regional power outage, an earthquake, and other
potential emergency events.
(B) An urban water supplier with an existing water shortage contingency plan that uses different water shortage
levels may comply with the requirement in subparagraph (A) by developing and including a cross-reference relating
its existing categories to the six standard water shortage levels.
(4) Shortage response actions that align with the defined shortage levels and include, at a minimum, all of the
following:
(A) Locally appropriate supply augmentation actions.
(B) Locally appropriate demand reduction actions to adequately respond to shortages.
(C) Locally appropriate operational changes.
(D) Additional, mandatory prohibitions against specific water use practices that are in addition to state-mandated
prohibitions and appropriate to the local conditions.
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10632.1.
10632.2.
(E) For each action, an estimate of the extent to which the gap between supplies and demand will be reduced by
implementation of the action.
(5) Communication protocols and procedures to inform customers, the public, interested parties, and local,
regional, and state governments, regarding, at a minimum, all of the following:
(A) Any current or predicted shortages as determined by the annual water supply and demand assessment
described pursuant to Section 10632.1.
(B) Any shortage response actions triggered or anticipated to be triggered by the annual water supply and demand
assessment described pursuant to Section 10632.1.
(C) Any other relevant communications.
(6) For an urban retail water supplier, customer compliance, enforcement, appeal, and exemption procedures for
triggered shortage response actions as determined pursuant to Section 10632.2.
(7) (A) A description of the legal authorities that empower the urban water supplier to implement and enforce its
shortage response actions specified in paragraph (4) that may include, but are not limited to, statutory authorities,
ordinances, resolutions, and contract provisions.
(B) A statement that an urban water supplier shall declare a water shortage emergency in accordance with Chapter
3 (commencing with Section 350) of Division 1.
(C) A statement that an urban water supplier shall coordinate with any city or county within which it provides water
supply services for the possible proclamation of a local emergency, as defined in Section 8558 of the Government
Code.
(8) A description of the financial consequences of, and responses for, drought conditions, including, but not limited
to, all of the following:
(A) A description of potential revenue reductions and expense increases associated with activated shortage
response actions described in paragraph (4).
(B) A description of mitigation actions needed to address revenue reductions and expense increases associated with
activated shortage response actions described in paragraph (4).
(C) A description of the cost of compliance with Chapter 3.3 (commencing with Section 365) of Division 1.
(9) For an urban retail water supplier, monitoring and reporting requirements and procedures that ensure
appropriate data is collected, tracked, and analyzed for purposes of monitoring customer compliance and to meet
state reporting requirements.
(10) Reevaluation and improvement procedures for systematically monitoring and evaluating the functionality of
the water shortage contingency plan in order to ensure shortage risk tolerance is adequate and appropriate water
shortage mitigation strategies are implemented as needed.
(b) For purposes of developing the water shortage contingency plan pursuant to subdivision (a), an urban water
supplier shall analyze and define water features that are artificially supplied with water, including ponds, lakes,
waterfalls, and fountains, separately from swimming pools and spas, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section
115921 of the Health and Safety Code.
(c) The urban water supplier shall make available the water shortage contingency plan prepared pursuant to this
article to its customers and any city or county within which it provides water supplies no later than 30 days after
adoption of the water shortage contingency plan.
(Repealed and added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 32. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
An urban water supplier shall conduct an annual water supply and demand assessment pursuant to
subdivision (a) of Section 10632 and, on or before July 1 of each year, submit an annual water shortage
assessment report to the department with information for anticipated shortage, triggered shortage response
actions, compliance and enforcement actions, and communication actions consistent with the supplier’s water
shortage contingency plan. An urban water supplier that relies on imported water from the State Water Project or
the Bureau of Reclamation shall submit its annual water supply and demand assessment within 14 days of receiving
its final allocations, or by July 1 of each year, whichever is later.
(Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 239, Sec. 9. (AB 1414) Effective January 1, 2020.)
An urban water supplier shall follow, where feasible and appropriate, the prescribed procedures and
implement determined shortage response actions in its water shortage contingency plan, as identified in subdivision
(a) of Section 10632, or reasonable alternative actions, provided that descriptions of the alternative actions are
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10632.3.
10632.5.
10633.
10634.
submitted with the annual water shortage assessment report pursuant to Section 10632.1. Nothing in this section
prohibits an urban water supplier from taking actions not specified in its water shortage contingency plan, if
needed, without having to formally amend its urban water management plan or water shortage contingency plan.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 34. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
It is the intent of the Legislature that, upon proclamation by the Governor of a state of emergency under
the California Emergency Services Act (Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 8550) of Division 1 of Title 2 of the
Government Code) based on drought conditions, the board defer to implementation of locally adopted water
shortage contingency plans to the extent practicable.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 35. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
(a) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 10632, beginning
January 1, 2020, the plan shall include a seismic risk assessment and mitigation plan to assess the vulnerability of
each of the various facilities of a water system and mitigate those vulnerabilities.
(b) An urban water supplier shall update the seismic risk assessment and mitigation plan when updating its urban
water management plan as required by Section 10621.
(c) An urban water supplier may comply with this section by submitting, pursuant to Section 10644, a copy of the
most recent adopted local hazard mitigation plan or multihazard mitigation plan under the federal Disaster
Mitigation Act of 2000 (Public Law 106-390) if the local hazard mitigation plan or multihazard mitigation plan
addresses seismic risk.
(Added by Stats. 2015, Ch. 681, Sec. 1. (SB 664) Effective January 1, 2016.)
The plan shall provide, to the extent available, information on recycled water and its potential for use as a
water source in the service area of the urban water supplier. The preparation of the plan shall be coordinated with
local water, wastewater, groundwater, and planning agencies that operate within the supplier’s service area, and
shall include all of the following:
(a) A description of the wastewater collection and treatment systems in the supplier’s service area, including a
quantification of the amount of wastewater collected and treated and the methods of wastewater disposal.
(b) A description of the quantity of treated wastewater that meets recycled water standards, is being discharged,
and is otherwise available for use in a recycled water project.
(c) A description of the recycled water currently being used in the supplier’s service area, including, but not limited
to, the type, place, and quantity of use.
(d) A description and quantification of the potential uses of recycled water, including, but not limited to, agricultural
irrigation, landscape irrigation, wildlife habitat enhancement, wetlands, industrial reuse, groundwater recharge,
indirect potable reuse, and other appropriate uses, and a determination with regard to the technical and economic
feasibility of serving those uses.
(e) The projected use of recycled water within the supplier’s service area at the end of 5, 10, 15, and 20 years, and
a description of the actual use of recycled water in comparison to uses previously projected pursuant to this
subdivision.
(f) A description of actions, including financial incentives, which may be taken to encourage the use of recycled
water, and the projected results of these actions in terms of acre-feet of recycled water used per year.
(g) A plan for optimizing the use of recycled water in the supplier’s service area, including actions to facilitate the
installation of dual distribution systems, to promote recirculating uses, to facilitate the increased use of treated
wastewater that meets recycled water standards, and to overcome any obstacles to achieving that increased use.
(Amended by Stats. 2009, Ch. 534, Sec. 2. (AB 1465) Effective January 1, 2010.)
The plan shall include information, to the extent practicable, relating to the quality of existing sources of
water available to the supplier over the same five-year increments as described in subdivision (a) of Section 10631,
and the manner in which water quality affects water management strategies and supply reliability.
(Added by Stats. 2001, Ch. 644, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 2002.)
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10635.
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WATER CODE - WAT
DIVISION 6. CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND UTILIZATION OF STATE WATER RESOURCES [10000 - 12999] (
Heading of Division 6 amended by Stats. 1957, Ch. 1932. )
PART 2.6. URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANNING [10610 - 10657] ( Part 2.6 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec.
1. )
CHAPTER 3. Urban Water Management Plans [10620 - 10645] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1. )
ARTICLE 2.5. Water Service Reliability [10635- 10635.] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 854, Sec. 11. )
(a) Every urban water supplier shall include, as part of its urban water management plan, an assessment of
the reliability of its water service to its customers during normal, dry, and multiple dry water years. This water
supply and demand assessment shall compare the total water supply sources available to the water supplier with
the long-term total projected water use over the next 20 years, in five-year increments, for a normal water year, a
single dry water year, and a drought lasting five consecutive water years. The water service reliability assessment
shall be based upon the information compiled pursuant to Section 10631, including available data from state,
regional, or local agency population projections within the service area of the urban water supplier.
(b) Every urban water supplier shall include, as part of its urban water management plan, a drought risk
assessment for its water service to its customers as part of information considered in developing the demand
management measures and water supply projects and programs to be included in the urban water management
plan. The urban water supplier may conduct an interim update or updates to this drought risk assessment within
the five-year cycle of its urban water management plan update. The drought risk assessment shall include each of
the following:
(1) A description of the data, methodology, and basis for one or more supply shortage conditions that are
necessary to conduct a drought risk assessment for a drought period that lasts five consecutive water years,
starting from the year following when the assessment is conducted.
(2) A determination of the reliability of each source of supply under a variety of water shortage conditions. This
may include a determination that a particular source of water supply is fully reliable under most, if not all,
conditions.
(3) A comparison of the total water supply sources available to the water supplier with the total projected water use
for the drought period.
(4) Considerations of the historical drought hydrology, plausible changes on projected supplies and demands under
climate change conditions, anticipated regulatory changes, and other locally applicable criteria.
(c) The urban water supplier shall provide that portion of its urban water management plan prepared pursuant to
this article to any city or county within which it provides water supplies no later than 60 days after the submission
of its urban water management plan.
(d) Nothing in this article is intended to create a right or entitlement to water service or any specific level of water
service.
(e) Nothing in this article is intended to change existing law concerning an urban water supplier’s obligation to
provide water service to its existing customers or to any potential future customers.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 36. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
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Code:Select Code Section:1 or 2 or 1001 Search
10640.
10641.
10642.
10643.
10644.
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WATER CODE - WAT
DIVISION 6. CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND UTILIZATION OF STATE WATER RESOURCES [10000 - 12999] (
Heading of Division 6 amended by Stats. 1957, Ch. 1932. )
PART 2.6. URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANNING [10610 - 10657] ( Part 2.6 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec.
1. )
CHAPTER 3. Urban Water Management Plans [10620 - 10645] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1. )
ARTICLE 3. Adoption and Implementation of Plans [10640 - 10645] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1. )
(a) Every urban water supplier required to prepare a plan pursuant to this part shall prepare its plan
pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 10630). The supplier shall likewise periodically review the plan as
required by Section 10621, and any amendments or changes required as a result of that review shall be adopted
pursuant to this article.
(b) Every urban water supplier required to prepare a water shortage contingency plan shall prepare a water
shortage contingency plan pursuant to Section 10632. The supplier shall likewise periodically review the water
shortage contingency plan as required by paragraph (10) of subdivision (a) of Section 10632 and any amendments
or changes required as a result of that review shall be adopted pursuant to this article.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 37. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
An urban water supplier required to prepare a plan or a water shortage contingency plan may consult with,
and obtain comments from, any public agency or state agency or any person who has special expertise with respect
to water demand management methods and techniques.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 38. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
Each urban water supplier shall encourage the active involvement of diverse social, cultural, and economic
elements of the population within the service area prior to and during the preparation of both the plan and the
water shortage contingency plan. Prior to adopting either, the urban water supplier shall make both the plan and
the water shortage contingency plan available for public inspection and shall hold a public hearing or hearings
thereon. Prior to any of these hearings, notice of the time and place of the hearing shall be published within the
jurisdiction of the publicly owned water supplier pursuant to Section 6066 of the Government Code. The urban
water supplier shall provide notice of the time and place of a hearing to any city or county within which the supplier
provides water supplies. Notices by a local public agency pursuant to this section shall be provided pursuant to
Chapter 17.5 (commencing with Section 7290) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code. A privately owned
water supplier shall provide an equivalent notice within its service area. After the hearing or hearings, the plan or
water shortage contingency plan shall be adopted as prepared or as modified after the hearing or hearings.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 39. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
An urban water supplier shall implement its plan adopted pursuant to this chapter in accordance with the
schedule set forth in its plan.
(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1.)
(a) (1) An urban water supplier shall submit to the department, the California State Library, and any city or
county within which the supplier provides water supplies a copy of its plan no later than 30 days after adoption.
Copies of amendments or changes to the plans shall be submitted to the department, the California State Library,
and any city or county within which the supplier provides water supplies within 30 days after adoption.
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10645.
(2) The plan, or amendments to the plan, submitted to the department pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be
submitted electronically and shall include any standardized forms, tables, or displays specified by the department.
(b) If an urban water supplier revises its water shortage contingency plan, the supplier shall submit to the
department a copy of its water shortage contingency plan prepared pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 10632 no
later than 30 days after adoption, in accordance with protocols for submission and using electronic reporting tools
developed by the department.
(c) (1) (A) Notwithstanding Section 10231.5 of the Government Code, the department shall prepare and submit to
the Legislature, on or before July 1, in the years ending in seven and two, a report summarizing the status of the
plans and water shortage contingency plans adopted pursuant to this part. The report prepared by the department
shall identify the exemplary elements of the individual plans and water shortage contingency plans. The department
shall provide a copy of the report to each urban water supplier that has submitted its plan and water shortage
contingency plan to the department. The department shall also prepare reports and provide data for any legislative
hearings designed to consider the effectiveness of plans and water shortage contingency plans submitted pursuant
to this part.
(B) The department shall prepare and submit to the board, on or before September 30 of each year, a report
summarizing the submitted water supply and demand assessment results along with appropriate reported water
shortage conditions and the regional and statewide analysis of water supply conditions developed by the
department. As part of the report, the department shall provide a summary and, as appropriate, urban water
supplier specific information regarding various shortage response actions implemented as a result of annual
supplier-specific water supply and demand assessments performed pursuant to Section 10632.1.
(C) The department shall submit the report to the Legislature for the 2015 plans by July 1, 2017, and the report to
the Legislature for the 2020 plans and water shortage contingency plans by July 1, 2022.
(2) A report to be submitted pursuant to subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) shall be submitted in compliance with
Section 9795 of the Government Code.
(d) The department shall make available to the public the standard the department will use to identify exemplary
water demand management measures.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 40. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
(a) Not later than 30 days after filing a copy of its plan with the department, the urban water supplier and
the department shall make the plan available for public review during normal business hours.
(b) Not later than 30 days after filing a copy of its water shortage contingency plan with the department, the urban
water supplier and the department shall make the plan available for public review during normal business hours.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 41. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
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10650.
10651.
10652.
10653.
10654.
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DIVISION 6. CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND UTILIZATION OF STATE WATER RESOURCES [10000 - 12999] (
Heading of Division 6 amended by Stats. 1957, Ch. 1932. )
PART 2.6. URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANNING [10610 - 10657] ( Part 2.6 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec.
1. )
CHAPTER 4. Miscellaneous Provisions [10650 - 10657] ( Chapter 4 added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1. )
Any actions or proceedings, other than actions by the board, to attack, review, set aside, void, or annul the
acts or decisions of an urban water supplier on the grounds of noncompliance with this part shall be commenced as
follows:
(a) An action or proceeding alleging failure to adopt a plan or a water shortage contingency plan shall be
commenced within 18 months after that adoption is required by this part.
(b) Any action or proceeding alleging that a plan or water shortage contingency plan, or action taken pursuant to
either, does not comply with this part shall be commenced within 90 days after filing of the plan or water shortage
contingency plan or an amendment to either pursuant to Section 10644 or the taking of that action.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 42. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
In any action or proceeding to attack, review, set aside, void, or annul a plan or a water shortage
contingency plan, or an action taken pursuant to either by an urban water supplier on the grounds of
noncompliance with this part, the inquiry shall extend only to whether there was a prejudicial abuse of discretion.
Abuse of discretion is established if the supplier has not proceeded in a manner required by law or if the action by
the water supplier is not supported by substantial evidence.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 43. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
The California Environmental Quality Act (Division 13 (commencing with Section 21000) of the Public
Resources Code) does not apply to the preparation and adoption of plans pursuant to this part or to the
implementation of actions taken pursuant to Section 10632. Nothing in this part shall be interpreted as exempting
from the California Environmental Quality Act any project that would significantly affect water supplies for fish and
wildlife, or any project for implementation of the plan, other than projects implementing Section 10632, or any
project for expanded or additional water supplies.
(Amended by Stats. 1995, Ch. 854, Sec. 16. Effective January 1, 1996.)
The adoption of a plan shall satisfy any requirements of state law, regulation, or order, including those of
the board and the Public Utilities Commission, for the preparation of water management plans, water shortage
contingency plans, or conservation plans; provided, that if the board or the Public Utilities Commission requires
additional information concerning water conservation, drought response measures, or financial conditions to
implement its existing authority, nothing in this part shall be deemed to limit the board or the commission in
obtaining that information. The requirements of this part shall be satisfied by any urban water demand
management plan that complies with analogous federal laws or regulations after the effective date of this part, and
which substantially meets the requirements of this part, or by any existing urban water management plan which
includes the contents of a plan required under this part.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 44. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
An urban water supplier may recover in its rates the costs incurred in preparing its urban water
management plan, its drought risk assessment, its water supply and demand assessment, and its water shortage
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10655.
10656.
10657.
contingency plan and implementing the reasonable water conservation measures included in either of the plans.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 45. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
If any provision of this part or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, that
invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of this part which can be given effect without the invalid
provision or application thereof, and to this end the provisions of this part are severable.
(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1009, Sec. 1.)
An urban water supplier is not eligible for a water grant or loan awarded or administered by the state unless
the urban water supplier complies with this part.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 46. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
The department may adopt regulations regarding the definitions of water, water use, and reporting periods,
and may adopt any other regulations deemed necessary or desirable to implement this part. In developing
regulations pursuant to this section, the department shall solicit broad public participation from stakeholders and
other interested persons.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 14, Sec. 47. (SB 606) Effective January 1, 2019.)
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DIVISION 6. CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND UTILIZATION OF STATE WATER RESOURCES [10000 - 12999] (
Heading of Division 6 amended by Stats. 1957, Ch. 1932. )
PART 2.55. SUSTAINABLE WATER USE AND DEMAND REDUCTION [10608 - 10609.42] ( Part 2.55 added by Stats.
2009, 7th Ex. Sess., Ch. 4, Sec. 1. )
10608.
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CHAPTER 1. General Declarations and Policy [10608 - 10608.8] ( Chapter 1 added by Stats. 2009, 7th Ex. Sess., Ch. 4, Sec. 1.
)
The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:
(a) Water is a public resource that the California Constitution protects against waste and unreasonable use.
(b) Growing population, climate change, and the need to protect and grow California’s economy while protecting
and restoring our fish and wildlife habitats make it essential that the state manage its water resources as efficiently
as possible.
(c) Diverse regional water supply portfolios will increase water supply reliability and reduce dependence on the
Delta.
(d) Reduced water use through conservation provides significant energy and environmental benefits, and can help
protect water quality, improve streamflows, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
(e) The success of state and local water conservation programs to increase efficiency of water use is best
determined on the basis of measurable outcomes related to water use or efficiency.
(f) Improvements in technology and management practices offer the potential for increasing water efficiency in
California over time, providing an essential water management tool to meet the need for water for urban,
agricultural, and environmental uses.
(g) The Governor has called for a 20 percent per capita reduction in urban water use statewide by 2020.
(h) The factors used to formulate water use efficiency targets can vary significantly from location to location based
on factors including weather, patterns of urban and suburban development, and past efforts to enhance water use
efficiency.
(i) Per capita water use is a valid measure of a water provider’s efforts to reduce urban water use within its service
area. However, per capita water use is less useful for measuring relative water use efficiency between different
water providers. Differences in weather, historical patterns of urban and suburban development, and density of
housing in a particular location need to be considered when assessing per capita water use as a measure of
efficiency.
(Added by Stats. 2009, 7th Ex. Sess., Ch. 4, Sec. 1. (SB 7 7x) Effective February 3, 2010.)
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City of Santa Monica DRAFT 2020 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
APPENDICIES Page A 1
Appendix B
Water Shortage Contingency Plan
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City of Santa Monica DRAFT 2020 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
APPENDICIES Page A 1
Appendix C
City Council Resolutions
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City of Santa Monica DRAFT 2020 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
APPENDICIES Page A 1
Appendix D
SBX7-7 Verification Form
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SB X7‐7 Table 0: Units of Measure Used in UWMP* (select
one from the drop down list)
Acre Feet
*The unit of measure must be consistent with Submittal Table 2‐3
NOTES: DRAFT9.A.a
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ParameterValueUnits2008 total water deliveries14,383 Acre Feet2008 total volume of delivered recycled water107 Acre Feet2008 recycled water as a percent of total deliveries 1%See Note 1Number of years in baseline period1, 210YearsYear beginning baseline period range1996Year ending baseline period range32005Number of years in baseline period5YearsYear beginning baseline period range2003Year ending baseline period range420072 The Water Code requires that the baseline period is between 10 and 15 years. However, DWR recognizes that some water suppliers may not have the minimum 10 years of baseline data. SB X7‐7 Table‐1: Baseline Period Ranges1If the 2008 recycled water delivery is less than 10 percent of total water deliveries, then the 10‐15year baseline period is a continuous 10‐year period. If the amount of recycled water delivered in 2008 is 10 percent or greater of total deliveries, the 10‐15 year baseline period is a continuous 10‐ to 15‐year period. 3The ending year for the 10‐15 year baseline period must be between December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2010. 4The ending year for the 5 year baseline period must be between December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2010.5‐year baseline period Baseline10‐ to 15‐year baseline periodNOTES:DRAFT9.A.aPacket Pg. 1329Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30
X
NOTES:
SB X7‐7 Table 2: Method for Population Estimates
Method Used to Determine Population
(may check more than one)
1. Department of Finance (DOF) or American Community
Survey (ACS)
3. DWR Population Tool
4. Other
DWR recommends pre‐review
2. Persons‐per‐Connection Method
DRAFT9.A.a
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Population
Year Total Consumption (AF) Per Capita (GPCD) Population
Year 1 1996 82,496 1996 14,970 162 82496
Year 2 1997 82,044 1997 14,888 162 82044
Year 3 1998 82,161 1998 14,081 153 82161
Year 4 1999 82,199 1999 14,732 160 82199
Year 5 2000 83,851 2000 15,028 160 83851
Year 6 2001 85,358 2001 14,342 150 85358
Year 7 2002 87,724 2002 14,936 152 87724
Year 8 2003 89,178 2003 14,884 149 89178
Year 9 2004 90,471 2004 15,201 150 90471
Year 10 2005 90,904 2005 14,561 143 90904
Year 11 2006 14,967 148 90282
Year 12 2007 15,009 148 90535
Year 13 2008 14,383 141 91066
Year 14 2009 13,748 133 92281
Year 15 2010 13,040 130 89549
2011 13,065 129 90416
Year 1 2003 89,178 2012 14,831 146 90687
Year 2 2004 90,471 2013 14,078 138 91073
Year 3 2005 90,904 2014 13,987 135 92495
Year 4 2006 90,282 2015 11,837 113 93517
Year 5 2007 90,535 154
148
180
SB X7‐7 Table 3: Service Area Population
10 to 15 Year Baseline Population
5 Year Baseline Population
NOTES: Population data from 2015 UWMP.
Year
2015 UWMP Table 4.6
Recent & Past GPCPD Water Use + Calculated Population
10‐yr. Baseline (1996‐2005) (SB7: 10608.20)
5‐yr. Baseline (2003‐2007) (SB7: 10608.22)
South Coast HR:DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1331 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Acre FeetExported Water Change in Dist. System Storage(+/‐) Indirect Recycled WaterThis column will remain blank until SB X7‐7 Table 4‐B is completed. Water Delivered for Agricultural Use Process WaterThis column will remain blank until SB X7‐7 Table 4‐D is completed. Annual Gross Water Use Year 1 199614,970 ‐ ‐ 14,970 Year 2 199714,888 ‐ ‐ 14,888 Year 3 199814,081 ‐ ‐ 14,081 Year 4 199914,732 ‐ ‐ 14,732 Year 5 200015,028 ‐ ‐ 15,028 Year 6 200114,342 ‐ ‐ 14,342 Year 7 200214,936 ‐ ‐ 14,936 Year 8 200314,884 ‐ ‐ 14,884 Year 9 200415,201 ‐ ‐ 15,201 Year 10 200514,561 ‐ ‐ 14,561 Year 110‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Year 120‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Year 130‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Year 140‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Year 150‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 14,762Year 1 2003 14,884 ‐ ‐ 14,884 Year 2 2004 15,201 ‐ ‐ 15,201 Year 3 2005 14,561 ‐ ‐ 14,561 Year 4 2006 14,967 ‐ ‐ 14,967 Year 5 2007 15,009 ‐ ‐ 15,009 14,924* Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as reported in Table 2‐3.NOTES:SB X7‐7 Table 4: Annual Gross Water Use * 10 to 15 Year Baseline ‐ Gross Water Use 10 ‐ 15 year baseline average gross water use 5 Year Baseline ‐ Gross Water Use 5 year baseline average gross water useBaseline YearFm SB X7‐7 Table 3Volume Into Distribution SystemThis column will remain blank until SB X7‐7 Table 4‐A is completed. DeductionsDRAFT9.A.aPacket Pg. 1332Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30
X
X
Volume Entering
Distribution
System1
Meter Error
Adjustment 2
Optional
(+/‐)
Corrected Volume
Entering Distribution
System
Year 1 1996 14,970 14,970
Year 2 1997 14,888 14,888
Year 3 1998 14,081 14,081
Year 4 1999 14,732 14,732
Year 5 2000 15,028 15,028
Year 6 2001 14,342 14,342
Year 7 2002 14,936 14,936
Year 8 2003 14,884 14,884
Year 9 2004 15,201 15,201
Year 10 2005 14,561 14,561
Year 11 0 ‐
Year 12 0 ‐
Year 13 0 ‐
Year 14 0 ‐
Year 15 0 ‐
Year 1 2003 14,884 14,884
Year 2 2004 15,201 15,201
Year 3 2005 14,561 14,561
Year 4 2006 14,967 14,967
Year 5 2007 15,009 15,009
SB X7‐7 Table 4‐A: Volume Entering the Distribution System(s)
Complete one table for each source.
10 to 15 Year Baseline ‐ Water into Distribution System
5 Year Baseline ‐ Water into Distribution System
Name of Source
Baseline Year
Fm SB X7‐7 Table 3
1 Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as reported in
Table 2‐3. 2
Meter Error Adjustment ‐ See guidance in Methodology 1, Step 3 of Methodologies Document
NOTES:
This water source is:
The supplier's own water source
A purchased or imported source
Groundwater (local), MWD (imported), SMURRF (recycled)DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1333 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Service Area
Population
Fm SB X7‐7
Table 3
Annual Gross
Water Use
Fm SB X7‐7
Table 4
Daily Per
Capita Water
Use (GPCD)
Year 1 1996 82,496 14,970 162
Year 2 1997 82,044 14,888 162
Year 3 1998 82,161 14,081 153
Year 4 1999 82,199 14,732 160
Year 5 2000 83,851 15,028 160
Year 6 2001 85,358 14,342 150
Year 7 2002 87,724 14,936 152
Year 8 2003 89,178 14,884 149
Year 9 2004 90,471 15,201 150
Year 10 2005 90,904 14,561 143
Year 11 0 ‐ ‐
Year 12 0 ‐ ‐
Year 13 0 ‐ ‐
Year 14 0 ‐ ‐
Year 15 0 ‐ ‐
154
Service Area
Population
Fm SB X7‐7
Table 3
Gross Water Use
Fm SB X7‐7
Table 4
Daily Per
Capita Water
Use
Year 1 2003 89,178 14,884 149
Year 2 2004 90,471 15,201 150
Year 3 2005 90,904 14,561 143
Year 4 2006 90,282 14,967 148
Year 5 2007 90,535 15,009 148
148
NOTES:
5 Year Average Baseline GPCD
Baseline Year
Fm SB X7‐7 Table 3
SB X7‐7 Table 5: Baseline Gallons Per Capita Per Day (GPCD)
Baseline Year
Fm SB X7‐7 Table 3
10 to 15 Year Baseline GPCD
10‐15 Year Average Baseline GPCD
5 Year Baseline GPCD
DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1334 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
154
148
SB X7‐7 Table 6: Baseline GPCD Summary
From Table SB X7‐7 Table 5
10‐15 Year Baseline GPCD
5 Year Baseline GPCD
NOTES:DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1335 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Supporting Tables
X Method 1SB X7‐7 Table 7A
Method 2SB X7‐7 Tables 7B, 7C, and 7D
Method 3SB X7‐7 Table 7‐E
Method 4
Method 4 Calculator Located
in the WUE Data Portal at
wuedata.water.ca.gov Resources
button
SB X7‐7 Table 7: 2020 Target Method
Select Only One
Target Method
NOTES:DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1336 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
10‐15 Year Baseline
GPCD
2020 Target
GPCD
154 123
SB X7‐7 Table 7‐A: Target Method 1
20% Reduction
NOTES:DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1337 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Prorated 2020
Target
Population
Weighted
Average
2020 Target
148 140 123 123
SB X7‐7 Table 7‐F: Confirm Minimum Reduction for 2020 Target
NOTES:
1 Maximum 2020 Target is 95% of the 5 Year Baseline GPCD except for suppliers at or below 100 GPCD.
2 Calculated 2020 Target is the target calculated by the Supplier based on the selected Target Method, see SB X7‐7 Table 7 and
corresponding tables for agency's calculated target. Supplier may only enter one calculated target.
3 Prorated targets and population weighted target are allowed for special situations only. These situations are described in
Appendix P, Section P.3 4
Confirmed Target is the lesser of the Calculated 2020 Target (C5, D5, or E5) or the Maximum 2020 Target (Cell B5)
Maximum 2020
Target1
5 Year
Baseline GPCD
From SB X7‐7
Table 5
Calculated
2020 Target 2
Special Situations3 Confirmed 2020
Target4
As calculated by
supplier in this
SB X7‐7
Verification
Form
DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1338 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica DRAFT 2020 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
APPENDICIES Page A 1
Appendix E
SBX7-7 Compliance Form
9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1339 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
SB X7‐7 Table 0: Units of Measure Used in 2020 UWMP*
(select one from the drop down list)
Acre Feet
*The unit of measure must be consistent throughout the UWMP, as
reported in Submittal Table 2‐3.
NOTES: DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1340 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
SB X7‐7 Table 1 pertains to baselines and targets and is not used in the SB X7‐7 2020 Compliance Form.DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1341 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
X
NOTES:
SB X7‐7 Table 2: Method for 2020 Population Estimate
Method Used to Determine 2020 Population
(may check more than one)
1. Department of Finance (DOF) or
American Community Survey (ACS)
3. DWR Population Tool
4. Other
DWR recommends pre‐review
2. Persons‐per‐Connection Method
DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1342 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
92,357 2020
SB X7‐7 Table 3: 2020 Service Area Population
2020 Compliance Year Population
NOTES:DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1343 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Exported
Water *
Change in
Dist. System
Storage*
(+/‐)
Indirect
Recycled
Water
This column will
remain blank
until SB X7‐7
Table 4‐B is
completed.
Water
Delivered
for
Agricultural
Use*
Process Water
This column will
remain blank
until SB X7‐7
Table 4‐D is
completed.
10,662 ‐ ‐ 10,662
NOTES:
SB X7‐7 Table 4: 2020 Gross Water Use
2020 Volume
Into
Distribution
System
This column will
remain blank until
SB X7‐7 Table 4‐A
is completed.
2020 Gross Water
Use
2020 Deductions
* Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as reported in SB X7‐7 Table 0 and
Submittal Table 2‐3.
Compliance
Year 2020
DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1344 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
X
Volume Entering
Distribution System 1
Meter Error
Adjustment 2
Optional
(+/‐)
Corrected Volume
Entering
Distribution System
5,181 ‐ 5,181
X
Volume Entering
Distribution System 1
Meter Error
Adjustment 2
Optional
(+/‐)
Corrected Volume
Entering
Distribution System
5,424 5,424
This water source is (check one):
The supplier's own water source
NOTES:
SB X7‐7 Table 4‐A: 2020 Volume Entering the Distribution System(s), Meter
Error Adjustment
Complete one table for each source.
Name of Source
SB X7‐7 Table 4‐A: 2020 Volume Entering the Distribution System(s), Meter
Error Adjustment
Complete one table for each source.
Name of Source MWD (imported)
Name of Source
SB X7‐7 Table 4‐A: 2020 Volume Entering the Distribution System(s) Meter
Error Adjustment
Complete one table for each source.
1 Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as reported in
SB X7‐7 Table 0 and Submittal Table 2‐3. 2
Meter Error Adjustment ‐ See guidance in Methodology 1, Step 3 of Methodologies Document
NOTES
This water source is (check one):
The supplier's own water source
A purchased or imported source
Groundwater (local)
Compliance Year
2020
A purchased or imported source
1 Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as reported in
SB X7‐7 Table 0 and Submittal Table 2‐3. 2 Meter Error
Adjustment ‐ See guidance in Methodology 1, Step 3 of Methodologies Document
SMURRF (recycled)
Compliance Year
2020 DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1345 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
X
Volume Entering
Distribution System 1
Meter Error
Adjustment 2
Optional
(+/‐)
Corrected Volume
Entering
Distribution System
57 57
The supplier's own water source
A purchased or imported source
This water source is (check one):
1 Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as reported in
SB X7‐7 Table 0 and Submittal Table 2‐3. 2 Meter Error
Adjustment ‐ See guidance in Methodology 1, Step 3 of Methodologies Document
NOTES:
Compliance Year
2020
DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1346 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
2020 Gross Water
Fm SB X7‐7 Table 4
2020 Population Fm
SB X7‐7 Table 3 2020 GPCD
10,662 92,357 103
SB X7‐7 Table 5: 2020 Gallons Per Capita Per Day
(GPCD)
NOTES:DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1347 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Extraordinary
Events1
Weather
Normalization1
Economic
Adjustment1
103 - - - - 103 123 YES
NOTES:
1 All values are reported in GPCD
2 2020 Confirmed Target GPCD is taken from the Supplier's SB X7-7 Verification Form Table SB X7-7, 7-F.
SB X7-7 Table 9: 2020 Compliance
Optional Adjustments to 2020 GPCD Did Supplier
Achieve
Targeted
Reduction for
2020?
Actual 2020
GPCD1
2020 Confirmed
Target GPCD 1, 2TOTAL
Adjustments1
Adjusted 2020
GPCD 1
(Adjusted if
applicable)
Enter "0" if Adjustment Not Used
DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1348 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica DRAFT 2020 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
APPENDICIES Page A 1
Appendix F
UWMP Submittal Tables
9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1349 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Public Water System
Number
Public Water System
Name
Number of Municipal
Connections 2020
Volume of
Water Supplied
2020 *
CA1910146 SANTA MONICA‐CITY,
WATER DIVISION 18,398 10,514
18,398 10,514
Submittal Table 2‐1 Retail Only: Public Water Systems
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
TOTAL
Add additional rows as needed
* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in
Table 2‐3.DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1350 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Water Supplier is also a member
of a RUWMP
Water Supplier is also a member
of a Regional Alliance
Regional Urban Water Management Plan
(RUWMP)
Submittal Table 2‐2: Plan Identification
NOTES:
Individual UWMP
Name of RUWMP or Regional Alliance
if applicable
(select from drop down list)
Select
Only One Type of Plan
DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1351 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Supplier is a wholesaler
Supplier is a retailer
UWMP Tables are in calendar years
UWMP Tables are in fiscal years
Unit AF
NOTES:
Submittal Table 2‐3: Supplier Identification
Type of Supplier (select one or both)
Fiscal or Calendar Year (select one)
If using fiscal years provide month and date that the
fiscal year begins (mm/dd)
Units of measure used in UWMP * (select
from drop down)
* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent
throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3.DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1352 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Submittal Table 2‐4 Retail: Water Supplier Information Exchange
The retail Supplier has informed the following wholesale supplier(s) of projected
water use in accordance with Water Code Section 10631.
Wholesale Water Supplier Name
Add additional rows as needed
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
NOTES:DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1353 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045(opt)
92,357 100,305 109,243 109,573 109,903
Submittal Table 3‐1 Retail: Population ‐ Current and Projected
Population
Served
NOTES: 2020 estimate is from the Department of Finance. Population estimates for 2025
through 2040 are based on projections from the City's Planning Department.DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1354 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Use Type
Drop down list
May select each use multiple times
These are the only Use Types that will be
recognized by the WUEdata online
submittal tool
Additional Description
(as needed)
Level of Treatment
When Delivered
Drop down list
Volume2
Single Family Drinking Water 2,756
Multi‐Family Drinking Water 4,944
Commercial Includes Industrial Drinking Water 2,100
Institutional/Governmental Drinking Water 273
Landscape Drinking Water 438
Other Potable Fire Drinking Water 2
Losses Drinking Water 66
10,580
Submittal Table 4‐1 Retail: Demands for Potable and Non‐Potable1 Water ‐ Actual
2020 Actual
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
TOTAL
Add additional rows as needed
1 Recycled water demands are NOT reported in this table. Recycled water demands are reported in Table 6‐4. 2
Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3.DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1355 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Use Type
Drop down list
May select each use multiple times
These are the only Use Types that will be recognized by the
WUEdata online submittal tool
2025 2030 2035 2040
2045
(opt)
Single Family 2646 2,646 2,646 2,646
Multi‐Family 5,533 6,261 6,288 6,324
Commercial 2,992 3,036 3,081 3,126
Industrial Combined with Commercial
Institutional/Governmental 409 409 409 409
Landscape 446 446 446 446
Other Potable 3333
Losses 601 640 644 648
12,631 13,442 13,517 13,602 0
Projected Water Use2
Report To the Extent that Records are Available
Submittal Table 4‐2 Retail: Use for Potable and Non‐Potable1 Water ‐ Projected
Additional Description
(as needed)
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF. Water loss is estimated to be about 5%.
TOTAL
Add additional rows as needed
1 Recycled water demands are NOT reported in this table. Recycled water demands are reported in Table 6‐4. 2 Units of
measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3.DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1356 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (opt)
Potable Water, Raw, Other
Non‐potable
From Tables 4‐1R and 4‐2 R
10,580 12,631 13,442 13,517 13,602 0
Recycled Water Demand1
From Table 6‐4 57 1,660 1,660 1,660 1,660 0
Optional Deduction of Recycled
Water Put Into Long‐Term
Storage2
TOTAL WATER USE 10,637 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262 0
Submittal Table 4‐3 Retail: Total Water Use (Potable and Non‐Potable)
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
1 Recycled water demand fields will be blank until Table 6‐4 is complete 2
Long term storage means water placed into groundwater or surface storage that is not removed from
storage in the same year. Supplier may deduct recycled water placed in long‐term storage from their
reported demand. This value is manually entered into Table 4‐3. DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1357 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Reporting Period Start Date
(mm/yyyy) Volume of Water Loss 1,2
01/2020 66.22
01/2019 ‐412.774
01/2018 ‐311.27
01/2017 ‐109.08
01/2016 188.19
Submittal Table 4‐4 Retail: Last Five Years of Water Loss
Audit Reporting
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF. The City participates in annual
audits, which are validated by an outside auditor according to
1 Taken from the field "Water Losses" (a combination of apparent losses
and real losses) from the AWWA worksheet. 2
Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the
UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3.DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1358 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Are Future Water Savings Included in Projections?
(Refer to Appendix K of UWMP Guidebook)
Drop down list (y/n) Yes
If "Yes" to above, state the section or page number, in the cell to the right,
where citations of the codes, ordinances, or otherwise are utilized in
demand projections are found.
Sections 4.2.2
and 9.3
Are Lower Income Residential Demands Included In Projections?
Drop down list (y/n)Yes
Submittal Table 4‐5 Retail Only: Inclusion in Water Use Projections
NOTES: DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1359 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
10‐15
year
SB X7‐7
Table 1
SB X7‐7
Table 1
SB X7‐7
Table 5
5 Year SB X7‐7
Table 1
SB X7‐7
Table 1
SB X7‐7
Table 5
Submittal Table 5‐1 Baselines and Targets Summary
From SB X7‐7 Verification Form
Retail Supplier or Regional Alliance Only
*All cells in this table should be populated manually from the supplier's SBX7‐7
Verification Form and reported in Gallons per Capita per Day (GPCD)
NOTES:
SB X7‐7
Table 7‐F
Baseline
Period Start Year * End Year *
Average
Baseline
GPCD*
Confirmed
2020 Target*DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1360 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Actual
2020 GPCD*
2020 TOTAL
Adjustments*
Adjusted 2020
GPCD*
(Adjusted if
applicable)
SB X7‐7 Table
9 SB X7‐7 Table 9SB X7‐7 Table 9SB X7‐7 Table 9SB X7‐7 Table 9
NOTES:
2020 Confirmed
Target GPCD*
Did Supplier
Achieve
Targeted
Reduction for
2020? Y/N
2020 GPCD
Submittal Table 5‐2: 2020 Compliance From
SB X7‐7 2020 Compliance Form
Retail Supplier or Regional Alliance Only
*All cells in this table should be populated manually from the supplier's SBX7‐7 2020
Compliance Form and reported in Gallons per Capita per Day (GPCD) DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1361 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
x
Groundwater Type
Drop Down List
May use each category
multiple times
Location or Basin Name 2016* 2017* 2018* 2019* 2020*
Alluvial Basin Santa Monica Groundwater
Basin 11001 10013 9994 10042 6400
11,001 10,013 9,994 10,042 6,400
Add additional rows as needed
Submittal Table 6‐1 Retail: Groundwater Volume Pumped
Supplier does not pump groundwater.
The supplier will not complete the table below.
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
TOTAL
All or part of the groundwater described below is desalinated.
* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3.DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1362 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Name of
Wastewater
Collection
Agency
Wastewater
Volume Metered
or Estimated?
Drop Down List
Volume of
Wastewater
Collected from
UWMP Service
Area 2020 *
Name of
Wastewater
Treatment
Agency Receiving
Collected
Wastewater
Treatment Plant
Name
Is WWTP Located
Within UWMP
Area?
Drop Down List
Is WWTP
Operation
Contracted to a
Third Party?
(optional)
Drop Down List
City of Santa
Monica Metered 11,064
City of Los
Angeles
Hyperion Water
Reclamation
Plant
No No
11,064Total Wastewater Collected from
Service Area in 2020:
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3.
Submittal Table 6‐2 Retail: Wastewater Collected Within Service Area in 2020
There is no wastewater collection system. The supplier will not complete the table below.
Percentage of 2020 service area covered by wastewater collection system (optional)
Percentage of 2020 service area population covered by wastewater collection system (optional)
Wastewater Collection Recipient of Collected Wastewater
DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1363 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
x
Wastewater
Treated
Discharged
Treated
Wastewater
Recycled
Within Service
Area
Recycled
Outside of
Service Area
Instream Flow
Permit
Requirement
Total 00 00 0
1 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3.
2 If the Wastewater Discharge ID Number is not available to the UWMP preparer, access the SWRCB CIWQS regulated facility website at
https://ciwqs.waterboards.ca.gov/ciwqs/readOnly/CiwqsReportServlet?inCommand=reset&reportName=RegulatedFacility
NOTES: Not applicable. The City of Santa Monica does not currently have a wastewater treatment plant within its service area.
Submittal Table 6‐3 Retail: Wastewater Treatment and Discharge Within Service Area in 2020
No wastewater is treated or disposed of within the UWMP service area. The supplier will not complete the table below.
Wastewater
Treatment Plant
Name
Discharge
Location
Name or
Identifier
Discharge
Location
Description
Wastewater
Discharge ID
Number
(optional) 2
Method of
Disposal
Drop down list
Does This
Plant Treat
Wastewater
Generated
Outside the
Service Area?
Drop down list
Treatment
Level
Drop down list
2020 volumes 1
DRAFT9.A.a
Packet Pg. 1364 Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Potential Beneficial
Uses of Recycled
Water (Describe)
Amount of Potential
Uses of Recycled Water
(Quantity)
Include volume units1
General Description
of 2020 Uses
Level of
Treatment
Drop down list
2020 1 2025 1 20301 20351 20401 20451 (opt)
landscape, water
features, toilet
flushing
57 560 560 560 560
groundwater recharge
via direct injection 500 500 500 500
raw water
augmentation 600 600 600 600
Total:57 1,660 1,660 1,660 1,660 0
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF. Supplemental water used to supply recycled water customers while the Santa Monica Urban Runoff Recycling Facility was offline for maintenance.
4.7 AF
Potable Water
Agricultural irrigationLandscape irrigation (exc golf courses)
Commercial use
Golf course irrigation
Supplemental Water Added in 2020 (volume) Include units
Source of 2020 Supplemental Water
Beneficial Use Type
Insert additional rows if needed.
Geothermal and other energy production
Other (Description Required)
2020 Internal Reuse
1 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3.
Reservoir water augmentation (IPR)
Direct potable reuse
Submittal Table 6‐4 Retail: Recycled Water Direct Beneficial Uses Within Service Area
Recycled water is not used and is not planned for use within the service area of the supplier.
The supplier will not complete the table below.
Name of Supplier Producing (Treating) the Recycled Water:
Name of Supplier Operating the Recycled Water Distribution System:
City of Santa Monica
City of Santa Monica
Wetlands or wildlife habitat
Groundwater recharge (IPR)
Industrial use
Seawater intrusion barrier
Recreational impoundment
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2015 Projection for
2020 1 2020 Actual Use1
560 57
560 57
Submittal Table 6‐5 Retail: 2015 UWMP Recycled Water Use Projection Compared to 2020
Actual
Recycled water was not used in 2015 nor projected for use in 2020.
The supplier will not complete the table below. If recycled water was not used in
2020, and was not predicted to be in 2015, then check the box and do not complete the
table.
Beneficial Use Type
Agricultural irrigation
Reservoir water augmentation (IPR)
Landscape irrigation (exc golf courses)
Insert additional rows as needed.
Golf course irrigation
Commercial use
Industrial use
Geothermal and other energy production
Seawater intrusion barrier
Recreational impoundment
Wetlands or wildlife habitat
Groundwater recharge (IPR)
Total
Other (Description Required)
Direct potable reuse
NOTE: Unit of measure in AF. Upgrades to the Santa Monica Urban Runoff Recycling Facility (SMURRF)
are in progress, which will increase SMURRF usage. The upgrades are anticipated to be completed in
2022.
1 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3. DRAFT9.A.a
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pg. 6‐12 to 6‐17
Name of Action Description
Planned
Implementation
Year
Expected Increase in
Recycled Water Use *
New construction Construction of a new 1 MGD advanced
wastewater treatment facility 2022 1,100
Facility upgrade Upgrade to the existing Santa Monica
Urban Runoff Recycling Facility (SMURRF)2022 450
1,550
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
Submittal Table 6‐6 Retail: Methods to Expand Future Recycled Water Use
Supplier does not plan to expand recycled water use in the future. Supplier will not complete
the table below but will provide narrative explanation.
Provide page location of narrative in UWMP
Add additional rows as needed
Total
*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3. DRAFT9.A.a
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pg. 6‐15 to 6‐17
Drop Down List (y/n)If Yes, Supplier Name
SWIP No
Advanced treated
water from the
SWIP will be used
for groundwater
recharge via
aquifer injection.
2022 All Year Types 1,100
Olympic Well Field
Restoration No
A new advanced
water treatment
facility will allow
for increased
production from
the Olympic Well
Field.
2023 All Year Types 1,000
Production Efficiency
Enhancement No
New reverse
osmosis treatment
technology will
increase the
treatment
efficiency from
about 80%
currently to an
estimated 90%.
2023 All Year Types 900‐1200
Arcadia WTP Expansion No
Existing treatment
equipment will be
upgraded to
increase the
treatment
capacity of the
Arcadia Water
Treatment Plant.
2023 All Year Types N/A
No expected future water supply projects or programs that provide a quantifiable increase to the agency's water
supply. Supplier will not complete the table below.
Some or all of the supplier's future water supply projects or programs are not compatible with this table and are
described in a narrative format.
Submittal Table 6‐7 Retail: Expected Future Water Supply Projects or Programs
Joint Project with other suppliers?
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
The Olympic Well Field Restoration Project will increase overall pumping to 3,200 AFY. The City currently pumps approximately 1,100 AFY and
the increase in water supply is partially captured in the SWIP groundwater recharge. Incresae in total water supply for the Arcadia WTP
Expansion has already been accounted for in the Olympic Well Field Restoration and Production Efficiency Enhancement Projects.
Name of Future Projects
or Programs
Description
(if needed)
Planned
Implementation
Year
Expected Increase
in Water Supply
to Supplier*
This may be a range
Planned for Use in
Year Type
Drop Down List
Provide page location of narrative in the UWMP
Add additional rows as needed
*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3. DRAFT9.A.a
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Water Supply
Drop down list
May use each category multiple
times.These are the only water supply
categories that will be recognized by
the WUEdata online submittal tool
Actual Volume*Water Quality
Drop Down List
Total Right or Safe
Yield* (optional)
Purchased or Imported Water 5,424 Drinking Water
Groundwater (not desalinated)127 Drinking Water
Desalinated Water ‐
Groundwater 5,053 Drinking Water
Stormwater Use SMURRF 57 Other Non‐
Potable Water
10,661 0
Submittal Table 6‐8 Retail: Water Supplies — Actual
Additional Detail on
Water Supply
2020
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
Add additional rows as needed
Total
*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3. DRAFT9.A.a
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Water Supply
Reasonably
Available
Volume
Total Right or
Safe Yield
(optional)
Reasonably
Available
Volume
Total Right or
Safe Yield
(optional)
Reasonably
Available
Volume
Total Right or
Safe Yield
(optional)
Reasonably
Available
Volume
Total Right or
Safe Yield
(optional)
Reasonably
Available
Volume
Total Right or
Safe Yield
(optional)
Groundwater (not desalinated) SM‐1 400 400 400 400
Desalinated Water ‐
Groundwater
Arcadia, Charnock,
Olympic 10,260 10,260 10,260 10,260
Purchased or Imported Water MWD 7,406 7,406 7,406 7,406
Recycled Water SMURRF 560 560 560 560
18,626 0 18,626 0 18,626 0 18,626 0 0 0
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
Submittal Table 6‐9 Retail: Water Supplies — Projected
Additional Detail on
Water Supply
Projected Water Supply *
Report To the Extent Practicable
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (opt)
Total
Drop down list
May use each category multiple
times. These are the only water
supply categories that will be
recognized by the WUEdata online
submittal tool
Add additional rows as needed
*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3. DRAFT9.A.a
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Urban Water Supplier:
Water Delivery Product (If delivering more than one type of product use Table O‐1C)
Retail Potable Deliveries
Table O‐1B: Recommended Energy Reporting ‐ Total Utility Approach
Enter Start Date for Reporting Period 1/1/2019
End Date 12/31/2019
Is upstream embedded in the values
reported?
Sum of All
Water
Management
Processes
Water Volume Units Used AF Total Utility Hydropower Net Utility
Volume of Water Entering Process (volume unit)13061 0 13061
Energy Consumed (kWh)14924506 0 14924506
Energy Intensity (kWh/volume)1142.7 0.0 1142.7
Quantity of Self‐Generated Renewable Energy
0 kWh
Data Quality (Estimate, Metered Data, Combination of Estimates and Metered Data)
Metered Data
Data Quality Narrative:
Narrative:
City of Santa Monica
Urban Water Supplier Operational Control
Non‐Consequential Hydropower
See Chaper 6.4 in the main body of the UWMP.
DWR guidance: Provide brief narrative for each water supply describing water management processes in which energy is consumed or
produced.
See Chapers 6.2 and 6.4 in the main body of the UWMP.
DWR guidance: Provide brief narrative for each water supply describing water management processes in which energy is consumed or
produced. DRAFT9.A.a
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x
x
% of Average Supply
Average Year 2010‐2020 16628 100%
Single‐Dry Year 2020 76%
Consecutive Dry Years 1st Year 2016 96%
Consecutive Dry Years 2nd Year 2017 88%
Consecutive Dry Years 3rd Year 2018 89%
Consecutive Dry Years 4th Year 2019 90%
Consecutive Dry Years 5th Year 2020 76%
15948
12587
14683
Submittal Table 7‐1 Retail: Basis of Water Year Data (Reliability Assessment)
Year Type
Base Year
If not using a calendar
year, type in the last
year of the fiscal,
water year, or range
of years, for example,
water year 2019‐
2020, use 2020
Available Supplies if
Year Type Repeats
Quantification of available supplies is not
compatible with this table and is provided
elsewhere in the UWMP.
Location: Section 7.2
Quantification of available supplies is provided in
this table as either volume only, percent only, or
both.
Volume Available *
14796
15034
12587
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
Supplier may use multiple versions of Table 7‐1 if different water sources have different base years and the
supplier chooses to report the base years for each water source separately. If a Supplier uses multiple versions
of Table 7‐1, in the "Note" section of each table, state that multiple versions of Table 7‐1 are being used and
identify the particular water source that is being reported in each table.
*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG ) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3. DRAFT9.A.a
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2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (Opt)
Supply totals
(autofill from Table 6‐9)18,626 18,626 18,626 18,626 0
Demand totals
(autofill from Table 4‐3)14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262 0
Difference 4,335 3,524 3,449 3,364 0
Submittal Table 7‐2 Retail: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.DRAFT9.A.a
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2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (Opt)
Supply totals*15,508 15,508 15,508 15,508
Demand totals*14,291 15102 15,177 15,262
Difference 1,217 406 331 246 0
Submittal Table 7‐3 Retail: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in
Table 2‐3. DRAFT9.A.a
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2025* 2030* 2035* 2040* 2045* (Opt)
Supply totals 17,640 17,640 17,640 17,640
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 3,349 2,538 2,463 2,378 0
Supply totals 16,787 16,787 16,787 16,787
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 2,496 1,685 1,610 1,525 0
Supply totals 16,893 16,893 16,893 16,893
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 2,602 1,791 1,716 1,631 0
Supply totals 17,000 17,000 17,000 17,000
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 2,709 1,898 1,823 1,738 0
Supply totals 15,508 15,508 15,508 15,508
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 1,217 406 331 246 0
Supply totals
Demand totals
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Submittal Table 7‐4 Retail: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison
First year
Second year
Third year
NOTES: Unit of measure in AF.
Fourth year
Fifth year
Sixth year
(optional)
*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2‐3. DRAFT9.A.a
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2021 Total
Total Water Use 14,345
Total Supplies 14,161
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action (184)
WSCP ‐ supply augmentation benefit
WSCP ‐ use reduction savings benefit 2,886
Revised Surplus/(shortfall)2,702
Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action 20%
2022 Total
Total Water Use 15,357
Total Supplies 14,161
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action (1,196)
WSCP ‐ supply augmentation benefit
WSCP ‐ use reduction savings benefit 3,099
Revised Surplus/(shortfall)1,903
Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action 20%
2023 Total
Total Water Use 17,000
Total Supplies 16,765
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action (235)
WSCP ‐ supply augmentation benefit
WSCP ‐ use reduction savings benefit 3,483
Revised Surplus/(shortfall)3,248
Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action 20%
2024 Total
Total Water Use 17,233
Total Supplies 16,765
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action (468)
WSCP ‐ supply augmentation benefit
WSCP ‐ use reduction savings benefit 3,530
Revised Surplus/(shortfall)3,062
Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action 20%
Submittal Table 7‐5: Five‐Year Drought Risk Assessment Tables to address
Water Code Section 10635(b)
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)DRAFT9.A.a
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2025 Total
Total Water Use 17,467
Total Supplies 16,765
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action (702)
WSCP ‐ supply augmentation benefit
WSCP ‐ use reduction savings benefit 3,576
Revised Surplus/(shortfall)2,874
Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action 20%
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)DRAFT9.A.a
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Shortage
Level
Percent Shortage
Range
Shortage Response Actions
(Narrative description)
1Up to 10%Using more than 50% of MWD Tier 1 allowance for imported/purchased
water and/or MINIMAL decrease in local ground water supply.
2Up to 20%Using more than 60% of MWD Tier 1 allowance for imported/purchased
water and/or MODERATE decrease in local ground water supply.
3Up to 30%Using more than 70% of MWD Tier 1 allowance for imported/purchased
water and/or SIGNIFICANT decrease in local ground water supply.
4Up to 40%Using more than 80% of MWD Tier 1 allowance for imported/purchased
water and/or ADVANCED decrease in local ground water supply.
5Up to 50%
Using more than 90% of MWD Tier 1 allowance for imported/purchased water and/or SEVERE decrease in local ground water supply.
6 >50%
Exceeding MWD Tier 1 allowance for imported/purchased water and/or CATASTROPHIC decrease in local ground water supply.
NOTES:
Submittal Table 8‐1
Water Shortage Contingency Plan Levels
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ShortageLevel Demand Reduction ActionsDrop down listThese are the only categories that will be accepted by the WUEdata online submittal tool. Select those that apply.How much is this going to reduce the shortage gap? Include units used (volume type or percentage)Additional Explanation or Reference(optional)Penalty, Charge, or Other Enforcement? For Retail Suppliers Only Drop Down ListStage 1 Offer Water Use Surveys1% - 2%WCU staff visits customers to audit indoor water use, outdoor water use, along with a meter check.NoStage 1 Provide Rebates on Plumbing Fixtures and Devices 1% - 2%As a member-agency of the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD), the City participates in their program to provide rebates for high efficiency toilets, urinals, clothes washers, restaurant appliances, irrigation devices and other devices.NoStage 1 Provide Rebates for Landscape Irrigation Efficiency1% - 2%Spray to Drip Irrigation Conversion Rebate provides for customers to replace operational sprinklers in planter beds and hedges with highly efficient drip irrigation.NoStage 1 Provide Rebates for Turf Replacement 1% - 2%Landscape Rebate Program provides rebates for customers that replace their turf grass and overhead spray irrigation with sustainable, drought tolerant, low-water using landscapes with no or drip irrigation only.NoStage 1 Landscape - Restrict or prohibit runoff from landscape irrigation 1% - 2%The City's “No Water Waste” Ordinance (SMMC 7.16.020) prohibits prohibits irrigation runoff.YesStage 1 Landscape - Limit landscape irrigation to specific times 1% - 2%The City's “No Water Waste” Ordinance (SMMC 7.16.020) prohibits irrigation between 10:00 am and 4:00 pm.YesStage 1 CII - Restaurants may only serve water upon request 1% - 2%The City's “No Water Waste” Ordinance (SMMC 7.16.020) mandates that restaurants serve water only upon request.YesStage 1Water Features - Restrict water use for decorative water features, such as fountains1% - 2%The City's “No Water Waste” Ordinance (SMMC 7.16.020(c)(1)) requires water features be constructed with a water recycling system. Water Features are defined in the Water Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards.YesSubmittal Table 8‐2: Demand Reduction ActionsAdd additional rows as neededDRAFT9.A.aPacket Pg. 1379Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30
Stage 1 Pools and Spas - Require covers for pools and spas1% - 2%The City's “No Water Waste” Ordinance (SMMC 7.16.020(c)(2)) requires pools and spas be constructed, installed or equipped with a cover to reduce water loss due to evaporation.YesStage 1Other - Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and malfunctions in a timely manner1% - 2%The City's “No Water Waste” Ordinance (SMMC 7.16.020) requires water leaks to be repaired immediately.YesStage 1 Other1% - 2%City staff will be informed of the water supply shortage. Each staff member will be expected to use water efficiently. NoStage 1 Other1% - 2%The City’s landscaped areas will be efficiently irrigated based on the Irrigation Association’s Best Management Practices. NoStage 1 Other1% - 2%Each staff member will be expected to notify the appropriate City department immediately of any leaks seen on City property or private property. NoStage 2 Other10% - 20%Continued program execution and enforcement of all Demand Reduction Actions specified for the Stage 1 Shortage Level.YesStage 2 Other10% - 20%Implement Water Use Allowances (WUAs) for a 20% reduction from the amount of water used in 2013. Every water customer in the City receives a WUA uniquely calculated for each billing period. YesStage 2 Expand Public Information Campaign1% - 10%Work with the City's communication department to increase water conservation messaging via all platforms (print newsletter, digital newsletter, social media, outdoor banners, bus ads, tabling at events).NoDRAFT9.A.aPacket Pg. 1380Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30
Stage 2 Increase Water Waste Patrols1% - 10%WCU staff enforces SMMC 7.16.020, the "No Water Waste” ordinance. Responses to inbound water waste complaints are handled immediately, and proactive patrols in the community provide on-site detection of water waste. Notices of Violations (NOVs) are issued ensure resolution of water waste issues with Citations issued as needed.YesStage 3 Other20% - 30%Continued program execution and enforcement of all Demand Reduction Actions specified for the Stage 2 Shortage Level.YesStage 3 Other10% - 30%Implement Water Use Allowances (WUAs) for a 30% reduction from the amount of water used in 2013. Every water customer in the City receives a WUA uniquely calculated for each billing period. YesStage 3 Implement or Modify Drought Rate Structure or Surcharge1% - 10%Implement Drought Rate Structure approved as part of the current Water Rates.YesStage 4 Other20% - 30%Continued program execution and enforcement of all Demand Reduction Actions specified for the Stage 3 Shortage Level.YesStage 4 Other20% - 40%Implement Water Use Allowances (WUAs) for a 40% reduction from the amount of water used in 2013. Every water customer in the City receives a WUA uniquely calculated for each billing period. YesStage 4 Implement or Modify Drought Rate Structure or Surcharge1% - 10%Implement Drought Rate Structure approved as part of the current Water Rates.YesStage 5 Other30% - 40%Continued program execution and enforcement of all Demand Reduction Actions specified for the Stage 1 Shortage Level.YesStage 5 Other20% - 50%Implement Water Use Allowances (WUAs) for a 50% reduction from the amount of water used in 2013. Every water customer in the City receives a WUA uniquely calculated for each billing period.YesStage 5 Implement or Modify Drought Rate Structure or Surcharge1% - 10%Implement Drought Rate Structure approved as part of the current Water Rates.YesDRAFT9.A.aPacket Pg. 1381Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30
Stage 6 Other40% - 50%Continued program execution and enforcement of all Demand Reduction Actions specified for the Stage 1 Shortage Level.YesStage 6 Other20% - 55%Implement Water Use Allowances (WUAs) for a 55% reduction from the amount of water used in 2013. Every water customer in the City receives a WUA uniquely calculated for each billing period. YesStage 6 Implement or Modify Drought Rate Structure or Surcharge1% - 10%Implement Drought Rate Structure approved as part of the current Water Rates.YesNOTES:DRAFT9.A.aPacket Pg. 1382Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30
Shortage LevelSupply Augmentation Methods and Other Actions by Water Supplier Drop down list These are the only categories that will be accepted by the WUEdata online submittal tool How much is this going to reduce the shortage gap? Include units used (volume type or percentage)Additional Explanation or Reference (optional)Submittal Table 8‐3: Supply Augmentation and Other ActionsAdd additional rows as neededNOTES: The City does not participate in listed actions such as transfers or exchanges. Other supply augmentation methods listed including public information campaigns and implementing a drought rate structure are accounted for in Table 8‐2.DRAFT9.A.aPacket Pg. 1383Attachment: Draft 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30
City Name 60 Day Notice Notice of Public
Hearing
Santa Monica Yes Yes
Beverly Hills Yes Yes
Culver City Yes Yes
Los Angeles Yes Yes
County Name
Drop Down List 60 Day Notice Notice of Public
Hearing
Los Angeles
County Yes Yes
NOTES:
Submittal Table 10‐1 Retail: Notification to Cities and
Counties
Add additional rows as needed
Add additional rows as needed
DRAFT9.A.a
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City of Santa Monica DRAFT 2020 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
APPENDICIES Page A 1
Appendix G
Public Comments
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9.A.a
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CITY OF SANTA MONICA
DRAFT
WATER SHORTAGE
CONTINGENCY PLAN
Department of Public Works
Water Resources Division
2500 Michigan Avenue Building 1
Santa Monica, CA 90404
(310) 458-8975
www.smgov.net/water
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City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
i
Table of Contents
Section 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1
Section 2: Water Supply Reliability Assessments ...................................................................... 2
Section 3: Annual Water Supply and Demand Assessment ...................................................... 6
Section 4: Stages of Water Supply Shortages ........................................................................... 8
Section 5: Shortage Response Actions ................................................................................... 10
Section 6: Communication Protocols ....................................................................................... 12
Section 7: Compliance and Enforcement ................................................................................. 14
Section 8: Legal Authorities ..................................................................................................... 16
Section 9: Financial Consequences of WSCP ......................................................................... 17
Section 10: Monitoring and Reporting ..................................................................................... 17
Section 11: Emergency Response Planning ............................................................................ 19
Section 12: WSCP Refinement Procedures ............................................................................ 20
Section 13: Special Water Feature Distinction ......................................................................... 21
Section 14: Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Availability ............................................................. 22
Appendix A: Definitions
Appendix B: Water Use Allowances, Penalties, and Adjustments
Appendix C: Multi-hazard Functional Plan
Appendix D: All Hazards Mitigation Plan
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City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
1
Section 1: Introduction
Legislative changes to the California Water Code’s Urban Water Management Planning Act
(Section 10632) require the City of Santa Monica (City) to prepare and adopt a Water Shortage
Contingency Plan (WSCP). This WSCP replaces the WSCP adopted by Santa Monica City
Council on January 13, 2015. The WSCP serves as both an action plan during water shortage
conditions and as the implementing regulations for water conservation as authorized by Santa
Monica Municipal Code (SMMC) section 7.16.030.
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City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
2
Section 2: Water Supply Reliability Assessments
The City assessed its water supply reliability as part of the 2020 Urban Water Management
Plan (UWMP). Two assessments were performed: a water service reliability assessment and a
drought risk assessment (DRA). The water service reliability assessment analyzed the City’s
water supply availability compared to long-term water use projections through 2040 in five-year
increments under three scenarios: a normal year, a single-dry year, and multiple dry years.
The DRA assessed the City’s water supplies over the subsequent five years (2021-2025)
under severe drought conditions. Key factors considered in both assessments included
projected population growth, climate change, and implementation of a Groundwater
Sustainability Plan (GSP) as required by the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act
(SGMA). A summary of the assessments is provided below.
Currently, the City obtains its potable water supply from a combination of local groundwater
and imported water from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD). In
2011, Santa Monica City Council set a goal to obtain water self-sufficiency utilizing local water
resources. The City is currently implementing water supply projects to reach this goal, which
would provide additional resiliency to the water supply.
Historically, the City’s available groundwater supply has been less impacted by drought
conditions but more by contamination. For example, the City’s lowest available local
groundwater supply occurred in 2004, when only about 544 acre-feet (AF) of local groundwater
was available due to groundwater contamination at the City’s Charnock Well Field. The City
completed the Charnock Well Field Restoration Project in 2010, which included additional
treatment processes such as biological granular activated carbon (GAC) and reverse osmosis
(RO). As a result, the local groundwater supply was restored to approximately 8,000 to 10,000
acre-feet per year (AFY) (depending on age and conditions of the wells).
For the purpose of the water service reliability assessment and the DRA, the time period of
2010 through 2020 was used to establish Normal Year, Single Dry-Year, and Multiple Dry-Year
to demonstrate its reliability. The period from 2010 through 2020 was selected for the
assessments since it is more representative of the City’s water supply reliability and drought
risk going forward as 2010 established the new baseline for local water supplies. In addition,
the 2010-2020 time period also included one of the most severe single-year droughts as well
as five-consecutive-year drought conditions in the Southern California region.
The City also analyzed imported supply from MWD as part of the reliability assessments. MWD
imports water from Northern California and the Colorado River, which depend heavily on
hydrologic conditions (e.g., snow pack in the Sierra Nevada in Northern California). Varying
hydrologic conditions have led to wide variability in MWD’s water storage reserves in recent
years. For instance, the recent drought from 2012 to 2016 depleted MWD’s dry year storage
reserves. This was followed by the wettest year on record in 2017 and another wet year in
2019 that filled up MWD’s storage reservoirs. For the purposes of the Water Service Reliability
and Drought Risk Assessments, the lowest MWD Tier 1 allotment (7,406 AFY) available to the
City between 2010 and 2020 was used. This assumption was considered reasonable due to
large reserves MWD accumulated as a result of regional conservation efforts and several
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above average wet seasons over the previous five years.
Based on the assessments, the City’s current and planned water supply portfolio is sufficient to
meet the existing and projected potable and non-potable water use under all of the scenarios
analyzed. The assessment findings from the 2020 UWMP are summarized in the tables below.
Table 1: Projected Water Supply and Demand for Normal Year (Acre-Feet)
2025 2030 2035 2040
Supply totals 18,626 18,626 18,626 18,626
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 4,335 3,524 3,449 3,364
Table 2: Projected Water Supply and Demand for Single Dry Year (Acre-Feet)
2025 2030 2035 2040
Supply totals 15,508 15,508 15,508 15,508
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 1,217 406 331 246
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Table 3: Projected Water Supply and Demand for Multiple Dry Years (Acre-Feet)
2025 2030 2035 2040
FIRST YEAR
Supply totals 17,640 17,640 17,640 17,640
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 3,349 2,538 2,463 2,378
SECOND YEAR
Supply totals 16,787 16,787 16,787 16,787
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 2,496 1,685 1,610 1,525
THIRD YEAR
Supply totals 16,893 16,893 16,893 16,893
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 2,602 1,791 1,716 1,631
FOURTH YEAR
Supply totals 17,000 17,000 17,000 17,000
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 2,709 1,898 1,823 1,738
FIFTH YEAR
Supply totals 15,508 15,508 15,508 15,508
Demand totals 14,291 15,102 15,177 15,262
Difference 1,217 406 331 246
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Table 4: Drought Risk Assessment (2021 - 2025)
Calendar Year Water Demand
and Supply Projections
(Acre‐Feet)
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Gross Water Use 14,345 15,357 17,000 17,233 17,467
Total Supplies 14,161 14,161 16,765 16,765 16,765
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP
Action (184) (1,196) (235) (468) (702)
Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)
WSCP - supply augmentation
benefit 0 0 0 0 0
WSCP - use reduction savings
benefit 2,886 3,099 3,483 3,530 3,576
Revised Surplus/(shortfall) 2,702 1,903 3,248 3,062 2,874
Resulting % Use Reduction from
WSCP action 20% 20% 20% 20% 20%
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Section 3: Annual Water Supply and Demand Assessment
Data Inputs
Water Code Section 10632(a)(2) requires water supply and demand assessments to be
conducted annually. Beginning in 2022, water shortage assessment reports must be submitted
to the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) on or before July 1st each year.
The annual assessments will be conducted by staff from the City’s Water Resources Division
(WRD) and Water Conservation Unit (WCU). For consistency, the approach used for the
assessments described in Section 2 (Water Supply Reliability Assessments) will also be used
to evaluate the water system reliability for the coming year, while considering that the year to
follow would be considered dry. A summary of key tasks, data inputs, and roles for the
assessments are provided in Table 5.
Table 5: Summary of Tasks for the Annual Water Supply and Demand Assessment
Task Description Conducted By
Quantification of water supplies: groundwater pumping,
imported water and potable water production volumes
Arcadia Water Treatment Plant
Quantification of groundwater injection, and non-potable
treatment production volumes
Water Distribution
Wastewater Treatment
Identification of events that significantly impacted each
water supply source during the current year
Arcadia Water Treatment Plant
Identification of anticipated events that have the
potential to impact each water supply source in
subsequent years
Arcadia Water Treatment Plant
Analysis of potential regulatory changes and possible
impacts on each water supply
Arcadia Water Treatment Plant
Assessment of infrastructure capabilities and plausible
constraints
Arcadia Water Treatment Plant
Water Distribution
Description and quantification of annual water use
utilizing water billing data and water loss audit reports.
Water Distribution
Analysis and projection of how climate, population, the
economy, and any applicable policies impacts water
demand.
Water Conservation Unit
Summary of water conservation activities and results for
the current year.
Water Conservation Unit
Description of existing and planned water use policies to
meet demand objectives in future years.
Water Conservation Unit
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Decision Making Process
Following the initial assessment, findings will be presented to the City’s Task Force on the
Environment for input on a proposed water shortage stage for the following fiscal year. WRD
will then prepare a water shortage assessment report for approval by the Public Works
Department. Formal approval of the water shortage assessment report will be made by City
Council through adoption of a resolution after a hearing presenting staff’s findings and
recommendations and receiving public comments. A timeline for the decision-making process
is provided in Table 6.
Table 6: Proposed Timeline for Annual Water Shortage Assessment
Activity
January WRD and WCU commence the annual water supply and demand
assessment
February
WRD and WCU present annual assessment findings and
proposed water supply shortage stage to the Task Force on the
Environment
March
WRD and WCU prepare an annual water shortage assessment
report and proposed water supply shortage stage, if any, to the
Public Works Department Head for approval
April
Public notification regarding proposed water supply shortage
stage, water shortage response actions, and upcoming City
Council meeting
May
WRD and WCU present annual water shortage assessment
report findings and proposed water supply shortage stage to City
Council for formal adoption by resolution
On or before
July 1st
WRD submits a final water shortage assessment report to the
State of California Department of Water Resources
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Section 4: Stages of Water Supply Shortages
The WSCP establishes six standard water shortage supply shortage stages required by the
Water Code. The stages are based on predicted or actual water shortage conditions. Each
stage establishes water use reductions either through voluntary or mandatory measures.
Mandatory water restrictions include water use allowances for each water customer category.
The City Council may declare by resolution that a Stage 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 water supply
shortage exists and that the actions outlined in this WSCP are necessary. Upon Council
adoption by resolution, any Water Shortage Stage may be rescinded. The type of event which
may prompt the City Council to declare a water supply shortage may include, among other
factors:
Drought;
State or local emergency;
A natural disaster that critically impacts the water treatment or water distribution system;
A localized event that critically impacts the water supply, water quality, water treatment
or water distribution system;
The City’s wholesale water agency requests extraordinary water conservation efforts in
order to avoid mandatory water allocations;
The City’s wholesale water agency implements a water allocation.
Table 7 and Table 8 below outline the Water Supply Shortage Stages, water use reduction
targets, and the conditions that will be used to guide the determination of water shortage levels
Table 7: Water Shortage Stages and Reduction Targets
Water
Shortage
Stage
Shortage
Level
Water Shortage
Condition
Water Use
Restrictions
City-wide Use
Reduction Goal
Stage 1 ≤10% Minimal Voluntary 10%
Stage 2 10-20% Moderate Mandatory 20%
Stage 3 20-30% Significant Mandatory 30%
Stage 4 30-40% Severe Mandatory 40%
Stage 5 40-50% Critical Mandatory 50%
Stage 6 >50% Catastrophic Mandatory >50%
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Table 8: Summary of Water Shortage Stages and Conditions
Water
Shortage
Stage
Shortage Levels Water Shortage Condition
1 Up to 10% Using more than 50% of MWD Tier 1 allowance
for imported/purchased water and/or MINIMAL
decrease in local ground water supply.
2 Up to 20%
Using more than 60% of MWD Tier 1 allowance
for imported/purchased water and/or
MODERATE decrease in local ground water
supply.
3 Up to 30%
Using more than 70% of MWD Tier 1 allowance
for imported/purchased water and/or
SIGNIFICANT decrease in local ground water
supply.
4 Up to 40%
Using more than 80% of MWD Tier 1 allowance
for imported/purchased water and/or
ADVANCED decrease in local ground water
supply.
5 Up to 50% Using more than 90% of MWD Tier 1 allowance
for imported/purchased water and/or SEVERE
decrease in local ground water supply.
6 >50%
Exceeding MWD Tier 1 allowance for
imported/purchased water and/or
CATASTROPHIC decrease in local ground
water supply.
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Section 5: Shortage Response Actions
California Water Code requires water shortage response actions for each Water
Shortage Stage. The response actions are provided in Table 9.
Table 9: Summary of Water Shortage Response Actions
Water
Shortage
Stage
Action Estimated
Reduction
Stage 1 Offer Water Use Surveys 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Provide Rebates on Plumbing Fixtures and Devices 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Provide Rebates for Landscape Irrigation Efficiency 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Provide Rebates for Turf Replacement 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Landscape - Restrict or prohibit runoff from landscape
irrigation 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Landscape - Limit landscape irrigation to specific times 1% - 2%
Stage 1 CII - Restaurants may only serve water upon request 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Water Features - Restrict water use for decorative
water features, such as fountains 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Pools and Spas - Require covers for pools and spas 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Other - Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and
malfunctions in a timely manner 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Other - additional conservation measures by City staff 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Other - Irrigation Association’s Best Management
Practices for all City landscaped areas 1% - 2%
Stage 1 Other – immediate notification by City staff of any leaks
seen on City property or private property 1% - 2%
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Stage 2 Other – continued implementation of Stage 1 actions 10% - 20%
Stage 2 Other - Implement Water Use Allowances (WUAs) for a
20% reduction from the amount of water used in 2013. 10% - 20%
Stage 2 Expand Public Information Campaign 1% - 10%
Stage 2 Increase Water Waste Patrols 1% - 10%
Stage 3 Other - continued implementation of Stage 2 actions 20% - 30%
Stage 3 Other - Implement Water Use Allowances (WUAs) for a
30% reduction from the amount of water used in 2013. 10% - 30%
Stage 3 Implement or Modify Drought Rate Structure or
Surcharge 1% - 10%
Stage 4 Other - continued implementation of Stage 3 actions 20% - 30%
Stage 4 Other - Implement Water Use Allowances (WUAs) for a
40% reduction from the amount of water used in 2013. 20% - 40%
Stage 4 Implement or Modify Drought Rate Structure or
Surcharge 1% - 10%
Stage 5 Other- continued implementation of Stage 4 actions 30% - 40%
Stage 5 Other - Implement Water Use Allowances (WUAs) for a
50% reduction from the amount of water used in 2013. 20% - 50%
Stage 5 Implement or Modify Drought Rate Structure or
Surcharge 1% - 10%
Stage 6 Other- continued implementation of Stage 5 actions 40% - 50%
Stage 6 Other - Implement Water Use Allowances (WUAs) for a
55% reduction from the amount of water used in 2013. 20% - 55%
Stage 6 Implement or Modify Drought Rate Structure or
Surcharge 1% - 10%
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Section 6: Communication Protocols
Public notification will be provided for any current or predicted shortage and for any shortage
response actions triggered or anticipated by the annual demand and supply assessment.
Communication will be coordinated and conducted by the Water Resources Division, the Office
of Sustainability and the Environment, and the Office of Communications using the protocols in
Table 10. To ensure regional coordination, the City will also communicate with regional
partners including surrounding cities, Los Angeles County, and MWD, regarding shortage
emergencies.
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Table 10: Summary of Communication Protocol for Water Shortages
What When Frequency Communication
Method Audience
Water
Shortage
Declaration
At time of
Declaration Once City Council Meeting
- Customers
- General Public
- Public Entities
- Public Officials
- Interested Parties
Water
Shortage
Announcement
Following
Declaration
of a Water
Shortage
Once each
minimum
City Council Meeting
Press Release
Websites
Social Media
Digital Newsletter,
Seascape Newsletter,
Print Advertising
- Customers
- General Public
- Public Entities
- Public Officials
‐ Interested Parties
Once each
minimum
Mass Phone Calls
Emails
Water Bill Inserts
- Customers
Water
Shortage
Actions
Following
Declaration
of a Water
Shortage
Ongoing
Conservation
Marketing Campaign,
Websites, Social
Media, Sustainability
Digital Newsletter,
City’s Seascape Print
Newsletter, Outdoor
Banner Advertising,
Print Advertising
- Customers
- General Public
- Interested Parties
Ongoing
Water Use
Allowances (WUAs),
Mass Phone Calls /
Emails, Water Bill
Inserts, Customer
Service
- Customers
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Section 7: Compliance and Enforcement
Compliance with this WSCP will be achieved primarily through the permanent and increased
(as necessary) enforcement of the existing water conservation codes contained in Chapter
7.16 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code (SMMC) and Chapter 8.108 (Subpart A - Landscape
and Water Conservation).
SMMC 7.16.020 Water Conservation Requirements
What: This code defines core water conservation requirements:
- Prohibits irrigation between 10:00am and 4:00pm.
- Prohibits the watering down of paved or hard-surfaced areas.
- Prohibits irrigation runoff.
- Prohibits the filling of decorative fountains.
- Prohibits the draining and re-filling of pools.
- Requires water leaks to be repaired immediately.
- Prohibits the washing of vehicles with a running hose.
- Mandates that restaurants serve water only upon request.
Enforcement: The Water Conservation Unit staff enforces SMMC 7.16.020 as follows:
- Water Waste Patrols: Proactive patrols in the community provide on-site detection of
water waste. Notices of Violations (NOVs) are issued to ensure resolution of water
waste issues with Citations issued as justified.
- Responses to inbound water waste reports: These community-submitted reports are
handled immediately by contacting the responsible party(s) to notify them of the
situation and assist with voluntary compliance of the ordinance.
SMMC 7.16.030(c) Water Consumption Limits
What: Paragraph (c) of SMMC 7.16.030 authorizes the WSCP to implement Water Use
Allowances aligned with a declared Water Shortage Stage. The Water Use Allowance consists
of the following components. Please see Appendix B (Water Use Allowances, Penalties, and
Adjustments) in this WSCP for complete details.
- Water use limitations, i.e. Water Use Allowances
- Administrative penalties for non-compliance
- Adjustment process
Enforcement: The Water Conservation Unit staff enforces SMMC 7.16.030(c) by:
- Weekly reviews of billed water usage.
- Determining and issuing administrative citations for customers that exceed their Water
Use Allowance.
- Conducting on-site audits to waive the penalty fee for first-time recipients of
administrative citations for exceeding the Water Use Allowance.
- Receiving Water Use Allowance adjustment requests and determining adjustments.
- Providing requested information for the appeal process.
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SMMC 7.16.050 Water consumption limits and in-lieu fees for new development
What: This code implements the City’s Water Neutrality program which:
- Caps water use for new developments to the average five-year historical water use for
that individual parcel.
- Requires projected water use for the development that is greater than existing parcel’s
usage (i.e. New Water Demand) to be offset by funding water-efficient retrofits of
existing buildings elsewhere in the City.
Enforcement: The code is enforced by the Water Conservation Unit staff as follows:
- Plan checks: Development project plans are reviewed annually to calculate New Water
Demand, and, if any, determine the offset fees.
- Direct Installs: Water wasting fixtures are retrofitted with highly efficient water saving
fixtures to offset the New Water Demand.
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Section 8: Legal Authorities
SMMC 7.16.030 authorizes City Council by resolution to require reductions in the use of water
if such reductions are necessary in order for the City to comply with water use restrictions
imposed by Federal, State or regional water agencies or to respond to emergency water
shortage conditions. SMMC 7.16.030 also authorizes City Council to declare a water shortage
advisory or water shortage emergency based on the actual or projected shortage of available
potable water supplies for domestic, sanitary and public safety uses, and by resolution may
adopt a Water Supply Shortage Response Plan. The City Council adopted the last Water
Supply Shortage Response Plan on January 13, 2015, which also served as the last adopted
WSCP.
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Section 9: Financial Consequences of WSCP
Should conservation increase beyond currently expected levels (e.g., Statewide conservation
mandate), the City is still obligated to meet its annual net revenue requirements to keep the
utility operating and functional. As part of the 2019 water rate study, drought rates were
developed so that if total consumption should decrease further due to an increase in
conservation required by the state, another regulatory agency, or if the City Council declares
that it is in more severe drought stages, the City’s Water Utility would still be kept whole,
financially. In the event that consumption decreases beyond projected baseline consumption
levels, some costs will also decrease, and the proposed drought rates have taken this reduced
revenue need into consideration. In addition, the 2019 water rate study also recommended the
City increase its reserve policy to maintain 90-days of operation (minimum of 60-day to be met
at all times) and 3% of net capital assets.
The new rates that were adopted will be closely monitored over the next several years to
ensure the revenue generated is sufficient to meet the annual revenue requirements.
Changing economic and water consumption patterns underscore the need for continued
monitoring, as well as potential and unseen changing revenue requirements — particularly
those related to environmental regulations that can significantly affect capital improvement
projects as well as repair and replacement costs.
Section 10: Monitoring and Reporting
The City will monitor and report on water production and demand to ensure that WSCP
response actions are achieving their intended water reductions. The following mechanisms
provide the data and processes required to do so:
Monthly Monitoring and Reporting: State Water Resources Control Board
The City of Santa Monica has been providing monthly water production and conservation
reports to the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) since July 2014 as required by
the statewide drought emergency water conservation regulation. The emergency regulation
expired in November 2017 and, since then, the City has continued to report voluntarily.
Monthly reports became mandatory again in October 2020 after the SWRCB adopted a new
regulation on Monthly Urban Water Conservation Reporting. The new reporting regulation
requires monthly reporting of key elements and additional information during water shortages.
The reports, compiled by the City’s Water Resources Division and the Office of Sustainability
and the Environment, include information on residential water use, total potable water
production, measures implemented to conserve water and improve efficiency, and local
enforcement actions. The reports are submitted to the SWRCB’s Drinking Water Information
Clearinghouse (DRINC) online portal.
Monthly Monitoring and Reporting: Internal
The City’s Water Resources Division provides monthly water production reports to interested
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parties within the City. The reports, compiled by the City’s Water Resources Division, includes
information on well production, finished local water, imported water, and million gallons per day
(MGD) usage for the month.
Compliance Tracking
Agency Compliance Tracking: Using the above reports, water production and demand are
tracked agency-wide. Water savings are calculated using 2013 as a baseline (to align with
Water Use Allowances) to ensure reductions as specified by the WSCP are being achieved.
Customer Compliance Tracking: Using utility billing data, weekly reports are generated to
identify those customers that exceeded their Water Use Allowance during the most recent
billing period (as specified by the WSCP for a given Water Shortage Stage). Administrative
citations may be issued to those customers that are consistently and significantly exceeding
their Water Use Allowance. See Appendix B for details.
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Section 11: Emergency Response Planning
As the City receives imported water from MWD and extracts groundwater from the Santa
Monica Basin, the City's response to an emergency will be a coordinated effort of its own staff
in conjunction with other local and regional water agencies. During water shortage
emergencies, the City will implement its WSCP, which may impose more than a 50 percent
reduction in total water use for catastrophic disruptions to the water supply (Water Shortage
Stage 6). The City’s Water Resources Division maintains an Emergency Response Plan (ERP)
to respond to situations adversely impacting water supply, including catastrophic water
shortages. The ERP is used in conjunction with the City of Santa Monica Standardized
Emergency Management Systems (SEMS) Multi-hazard Functional Plan (Appendix C).
The City will also work in conjunction with MWD to implement water shortage plans on a
regional level within the framework of MWD's Water Surplus and Drought Management
(WSDM) Plan. The WSDM Plan was developed in 1999 by MWD with assistance and input
from its member agencies. The plan addresses both surplus and shortage contingencies.
The WSDM Plan guiding principle is to minimize adverse impacts of water shortage and
ensure regional reliability. The plan guides the operations of water resources to ensure
regional reliability. It identifies the expected sequence of resource management actions MWD
will take during surpluses and shortages of water to minimize the probability of severe
shortages that require curtailment of full-service demands. Mandatory allocations are avoided
to the extent practicable; however, in the event of an extreme shortage, an allocation plan will
be adopted in accordance with the principles of the WSDM Plan.
Seismic Risk Assessment and Mitigation Plan
Water Code Section 10632.5 requires water suppliers to assess seismic risk to water supplies
as part of their WSCP. A seismic risk assessment for the City’s water system was performed
as part of the City’s All Hazards Mitigation Plan (AHMP). The AHMP addresses numerous
hazards including landslides, flooding, tsunamis, wildfires, severe windstorms/thunderstorms,
and earthquakes. The AHMP is provided in Appendix D.
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Section 12: WSCP Refinement Procedures
As an adaptive management plan, the WSRP will be refined as needed to ensure it continues
to effectively address potential water shortage conditions. On an ongoing basis, using the
reports and compliance tracking process described in Section 10, any necessary changes to
the WSRP will be identified. In addition, as a part of the annual demand and supply
assessment, the WSCP will be reviewed with refinements identified as needed.
Updates to the WSRP will be incorporated via the following steps:
1. Identify updates
2. Create draft of updated WSRP
3. Release draft of updated WSRP for public review and comments
4. Present proposed updated WSRP to City Council
5. City Council approves updated WSRP
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Section 13: Special Water Feature Distinction
WSCP water shortage actions are analyzed and enforced distinctly for Water Features. Water
Features are defined in the City’s Water Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards (WELIS)
as follows:
Water Feature. A design element in which open water performs an aesthetic or recreational
function. Water features may include waterfalls, fountains, and streams, where water is
artificially supplied. Constructed wetlands used for on-site wastewater treatment or stormwater
best management practices that are not irrigated and are used solely for water treatment or
stormwater retention are not water features. Ponds, hot tubs, spas, permanent swimming or
wading pools are not considered water features.
The unique demand reduction actions for Water Features compared to Pools and Spas are as
follows:
Water Features
SMMC 7.16.020(c)(1) requires Water Features be constructed with a water recycling
system.
WELIS requirements include the following:
- Must use a water recirculation system (same as SMMC 7.16.020(c)(1)).
- Must not have any water that is sprayed into the air visibly land outside the water
features.
- Must not have any water spray or run onto surrounding landscape or impermeable
hardscape areas.
- The total cumulative surface area of all water features on a site may not exceed 25
square feet unless the feature uses water from an approved alternative water source
and delivery system.
- Existing water features may be repaired but the cumulative surface area may not
increase.
Pools and Spas
SMMC 7.16.020(c)(2) requires pools and spas be constructed, installed or equipped
with a cover to reduce water loss due to evaporation.
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Section 14: Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Availability
Per Water Code Section 10632 (a)(c), the City shall make the WSCP available to its customers
and any city or county within which it provides water supplies no later than 30 days after the
submission of the WSCP to DWR. Should the WSCP be revised, the City shall hold a public
hearing and provide notification at least 60 days prior to the hearing as required by California
Water Code.
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Appendix A: Definitions
Billing Period. The billing period is approximately 60 days between water meter readings.
Commercial Water Customer. Any water customer whose property is not designated as single
family, multi-family or landscape only. This may include mixed-use properties, schools,
businesses.
HCF. The billing measurement for water in hundred cubic feet. One HCF is equal to 748
gallons.
Irrigation. Any system for distribution of pressurized water in the landscape, including but not
limited to any system in which any portion is installed below grade or affixed to any structure.
Landscape. Modification of the ground surface with live planting materials such as trees,
shrubs, turf, groundcover or other horticultural materials; as well as non-living materials such
as mulch, synthetic turf, hardscape, or stone.
Landscape Only Account. Any water meter installed to measure the flow of water for
irrigation and landscape purposes only.
Master Meter Account. A meter that serves multiple tenants in a building and may include but
is not limited to water used for common areas such as toilets, urinals, laundry, irrigation
equipment and pools.
Multi-Family. A residential property with two or more units on the premises. This may include
master metered or individually metered units.
Multi-Family Individual Meter Account. A meter that serves only one unit and does not
include outdoor or landscape water use.
New Water Account. A new water service connection where one was not previously installed.
Responsible Person or Party. Also referred to as the water customer or any other party
responsible for the violation.
Potable Water. Water suitable or intended for human consumption.
Single-Family. A residential property with one unit.
Shortage. The actual or projected demand for water placed upon the water supply system by
water customers which exceeds the actual supply, where the actual supply of water is the
amount of water available for delivery from the municipal water supply system for subsequent
delivery to water customers.
Water: All potable water supplied from the municipal water supply system to any water
customer. Non-potable water that is metered separately is excluded.
9.A.b
Packet Pg. 1411 Attachment: Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
A-2
Water Customer. The person designated on the water account records maintained by
the City as the person responsible for payment of charges incurred for the use of the
water supply system.
Water Demand. The amount of water used by water customers.
Water Feature. A design element in which open water performs an aesthetic or
recreational function. Water features may include waterfalls, fountains, and streams,
where water is artificially supplied. Constructed wetlands used for on-site wastewater
treatment or stormwater best management practices that are not irrigated and are used
solely for water treatment or stormwater retention are not water features. Ponds, hot
tubs, spas, permanent swimming or wading pools are not considered water features.
Water Use Allowance. The amount of water assigned to water customers based on
a percentage of the baseline water usage.
9.A.b
Packet Pg. 1412 Attachment: Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
B-1
Appendix B: Water Use Allowances, Penalties, and Adjustments
Summary of Allowances
A Water Use Allowance (WUA) is the maximum allowable amount of water that could be used
by a water customer and it is calculated as a percent reduction in the amount of water
available for each water customer in the City of Santa Monica for the duration of a declared
water shortage.
The WUA is calculated as a percentage of the baseline year’s water usage. The baseline is
calendar year 2013. Each water customer will receive a WUA for each billing period. A billing
period is approximately 60-days.
Public agency, including but not limited to the City of Santa Monica, Caltrans, Santa Monica-
Malibu Unified School District, individual landscape only accounts may be combined and
receive one WUA. Water Use Allowances for new water accounts, new water customers,
properties vacant in 2013, and water accounts with zero usage in 2013 will be based on the
average usage of water customers in the same water customer class (single-family, multi-
family, mixed-use, commercial, industrial, landscape, etc.) with the same meter size.
For example a single-family water customer whose home was vacant due to a remodel in 2013
and as a result of the remodel their meter size increased from ¾ inch to two inch because the
house size increased significantly, shall get a WUA that is the average of other single-family
homes with a two inch meter.
Applicability of Water Allowances for Stages 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
A Water Use Allowance (WUA) is established for each water customer. The WUA shall not
apply to:
(A) Any water customer of the City of Santa Monica during a Stage 1 (Voluntary) water
supply shortage stage.
(B) Any water customer account designated for municipal non-potable water.
Water Use Allowance Formulas
The Water Use Allowance formula for residential water customers is:
The average daily baseline use per billing period x the % of water available or the
residential threshold; whichever is higher
The Water Use Allowance formula for commercial and landscape water customers is:
The average daily baseline use per billing period x the % of Water Available
Water Available corresponds to the maximum shortage percent for each water shortage Stage.
For example, Stage 2 is for a shortage level of 10%-20%, so the Water Available is 80%.
9.A.b
Packet Pg. 1413 Attachment: Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
B-2
Table B-1: Water Use Allowances for all Water Customers (Per Billing Period) *
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5 Stage 6
90%
Water
Available
Per
Customer
80%
Water
Available
Per
Customer
70%
Water
Available
Per
Customer
60%
Water
Available
Per
Customer
50%
Water
Available
Per
Customer
45%
Water
Available
Per
Customer
Single-
Family
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.9
or 22
HCF;
whichever
is higher
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.8
or 22
HCF;
whichever
is higher
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.7
or 22
HCF;
whichever
is higher
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.6
or 16
HCF;
whichever
is higher
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.5
or 16
HCF;
whichever
is higher
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.45
or 16
HCF;
whichever is
higher
Multi-
Family
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.9
or 11 HCF
per unit;
whichever
is higher
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.8
or 11 HCF
per unit;
whichever
is higher
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.7
or 11 HCF
per unit;
whichever
is higher
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.6
or 8 HCF
per unit;
whichever
is higher
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.5
or 8 HCF
per unit;
whichever
is higher
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.45
or 8 HCF
per unit;
whichever
is higher
Commercial
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.9
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.8
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.7
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.6
Ave. daily
baseline x
0.5
Ave. daily
baseline
use x
0.45
Landscape
Ave. daily
baseline
use x 0.9
Ave. daily
baseline
use x 0.8
Ave. daily
baseline
use x 0.7
Ave. daily
baseline
use x 0.6
Ave. daily
baseline
use x 0.5
Ave. daily
baseline
use x
0.45
*HCF is hundred cubic feet
Residential Water Conservation Thresholds
Thresholds for Water Shortage Supply Stages 2 & 3
Penalties will not be imposed for single family customers using less than 22 HCF per bi-
monthly billing period and each multi-family unit per building using less than 11 HCF per
bi-monthly billing period.
Thresholds for Water Shortage Supply Stages 4, 5 & 6
Penalties will not be imposed for single family customers using less than 16 HCF per bi-
monthly billing period and each multi-family unit per building using less than 8 HCF per
bi-monthly billing period.
9.A.b
Packet Pg. 1414 Attachment: Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
B-3
Water Use Allowance Exceedance Penalties
When a Responsible Party exceeds the applicable WUA during a billing period, a Penalty may
be imposed through the issuance of an administrative citation. The citation fine amount will be
calculated as set forth below.
First violation penalty: $250
Second violation penalty (within twelve months of the first violation): $500
Third violation penalty (within twelve months of the second violation): $1,000
Any Responsible party that exceed the WUA three times may be required to have a water
audit performed by a licensed engineering firm having water audit experience and all related
expenses paid by the Responsible Party. The audit must be performed and a full report
submitted to the City of Santa Monica within 30-days of notice. The audit report must include
how the audit was administered, list all interior and exterior uses of domestic and non-domestic
water uses, results of the audit, recommendations, and return on investment calculations. The
City may require the implementation of the audit recommendations as a precondition to
granting any request for a WUA Adjustment.
Any Responsible Party that exceed the WUA seven or more times may have a flow restrictor
installed in the meter which restricts the flow of water going into the building, be charged with a
Civil Penalty, and/or be charged with a criminal penalty.
Waiver of Penalty
Any Responsible Party that receives a first violation WUA exceedance penalty may choose to
have a water use audit conducted by the City. Upon successful completion of the audit, the
penalties associated with the first violation shall be waived. The City Manager or his or her
designee is authorized to develop regulations to implement the audits consistent with the
policies, objectives and priorities of this Plan.
Water Use Allowance Adjustment
Application for Water Use Allowance Adjustment
Comply with requirements listed under Required Finding for an Adjustment.
Fill out a Water Use Allowance Adjustment Application available at 1685 Main Street,
City Hall East, Santa Monica, CA 90401.
Submit completed application and required supporting documentation (such as
photographs, itemized receipts, maps, drawings, engineering reports, water audit
reports, utility bill showing participation in any low income assistance program, or other
pertinent information) by mail or in-person at 1685 Main Street, City Hall East, Santa
Monica, CA 90401.
9.A.b
Packet Pg. 1415 Attachment: Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
B-4
Approval Authority
The Adjustment Administrator will exercise approval authority and act upon any completed
Water Use Allowance Adjustment Application after submittal and may approve, conditionally
approve, or deny the adjustment request. The applicant requesting the adjustment will be
notified in writing of any action taken.
The decision of the Adjustment Administrator shall be issued within sixty days after the
conclusion of the hearing or the submission of all written materials if no hearing is conducted.
The applicant may appeal any such decision pursuant to Chapter 7.16.060 of the Santa
Monica Municipal Code. Unless specified otherwise at the time the adjustment is approved, the
adjustment applies to the subject property during the term of the applicable stage of the
WSRP.
Required Findings for an Adjustment
An application for an adjustment will be denied unless the approving authority finds, based on
the information provided in the application, supporting documentation, and/or such additional
information as may be requested, and on water use information for the property as shown by
the records of the City of Santa Monica, all the following:
1) The subject property has implemented all practical water saving measures at minimum,
unless unique circumstances that makes meeting these requirements impossible:
a) High-efficiency toilets (uses1.28 gallons per flush or less)
b) High-efficiency urinals (uses 0.125 gallons or less per flush or is waterless)
c) High-efficiency showerheads (uses 1.8 gallons per minute or less)
d) High-efficiency faucets (uses 1.2 gallons per minute or less for residential or guest
rooms; uses 0.5 gallons per minute or less for commercial)
e) No leaks anywhere on the property
f) No irrigation runoff and overspray
2) That the adjustment does not constitute a grant of special privilege inconsistent with the
limitations placed upon other City of Santa Monica water customers.
3) That because of special circumstances applicable to the property or its use, the
requirements of the Water Shortage Response Plan would have a disproportionate
impact on the property or use that exceeds the impacts to customers generally.
4) That the adjustment will not materially affect the ability of the City of Santa Monica to
effectuate the purpose of the Water Shortage Response Plan and will not be detrimental
to the public interest.
9.A.b
Packet Pg. 1416 Attachment: Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
B-5
Residential Water Conservation Threshold Assumptions
The water use allowance is a percentage of 2013 water usage. Each water customer will
receive a WUA for each billing period. Residential water customers that are at or below the
residential water conservation threshold will not need to reduce water use.
Assumptions for Calculating the Residential Water Conservation Thresholds:
Number of Single Family Residents per Home = 4 (based on 2010 Census data)
Number of Multi-Family Residents per Unit = 2 (based on 2010 Census data)
Gallons Per Capita per Day (GPCD) water usage (see tables below)
Table B-2: Water Use Gallons Per Capita per Day Assumptions Stage 2 &3
(based on AWWA Residential End Uses Report and pre-2013 plumbing code standards)
Allocated water use is 68 gallons GPCD
Toilets 5 flushes x 1.6 gallons per flush 8.0
Shower/bath 5 min x 2.5 gallons per minute 12.5
Clothes Washer 1/3 load 6.0
Kitchen/Dishwasher 4 GPCD 4.0
Bathroom Sinks 4 GPCD 4.0
Inside Total (GPCD) 34.5
Cleaning/outdoor Use 33.5
TOTAL 68.0 GPCD
Table B-3: Water Use Gallons Per Capita per Day Assumptions Stage 4, 5, & 6
(based on AWWA Residential End Uses Report and pre-2013 plumbing code standards)
Allocated water use is 50 gallons per capita per day (GPCD)
Toilets 5 flushes x 1.6 gallons per flush 8.0
Shower/bath 5 min x 2.5 gallons per minute 12.5
Clothes Washer 1/3 load 6.0
Kitchen/Dishwasher 4 GPCD 4.0
Bathroom Sinks 4 GPCD 4.0
Inside Total (GPCD) 34.5
Cleaning/outdoor Use 15.5
TOTAL 50.0 GPCD
9.A.b
Packet Pg. 1417 Attachment: Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
B-6
Water Conservation Threshold Calculations
Single-family
Stage 2 & 3:
68 gallons GPCD x 4 people x 60 days (bi-monthly billing period) / 748 gallons (HCF) = 22 HCF
Stage 4, 5 & 6:
50 gallons GPCD x 4 people x 60 days (bi-monthly billing period) / 748 gallons (HCF) = 16 HCF
Multi-family:
Stage 2 & 3:
68 gallons GPCD x 2 people x 60 days (bi-monthly billing period) / 748 gallons (HCF) = 11 HCF
Stage 4, 5 & 6:
50 gallons GPCD x 2 people x 60 days (bi-monthly billing period) / 748 gallons (HCF) = 8 HCF
Table B-4: Threshold Water Use Billing Unit (HCF) Summary
Stage 2 & 3 Stages 4, 5 & 6
Single Family Water Account 22 HCF/bi-monthly billing
period
16 HCF / bi-monthly billing
period
Multi-Family Master Meter
Water Account
11 HCF//unit/ bi-monthly
billing period
8 HCF / unit / bi-monthly
billing period
9.A.b
Packet Pg. 1418 Attachment: Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
Appendix C: Multi-hazard Functional Plan
https://www.smgov.net/Departments/OEM/Preparedness/Multi-Hazard_Plan.aspx
9.A.b
Packet Pg. 1419 Attachment: Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
City of Santa Monica – DRAFT Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP)
Appendix D: All Hazards Mitigation Plan
https://www.smgov.net/uploadedFiles/Departments/Public_Works/Water/SantaMonica_
AHMP_FINAL_8May2014(1).pdf
9.A.b
Packet Pg. 1420 Attachment: Draft 2020 Water Shortage Contingency Plan (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Page 1 of 3
City Council Meeting: June 8, 2021 Santa Monica, California
RESOLUTION NUMBER ____________ (CCS)
(City Council Series)
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL
OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA ADOPTING THE 2020 URBAN WATER
MANAGEMENT PLAN AND WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY PLAN
WHEREAS, the California Legislature enacted Assembly Bill 797 (Water
Code Sections 10610 et seq.), known as the Urban Water Management Planning Act
(the "Act") during the 1983-84 Regular Session; and
WHEREAS, the Act requires every supplier providing water for municipal
purposes to more than 3,000 customers or supplying more than 3,000 acre-feet of
water annually to prepare an Urban Water Management Plan (the “Plan”), the
primary objective of which is to maximize water resources and minimize the need to
import water from other regions; and
WHEREAS, the City of Santa Monica is an urban supplier of water to a
population of over 90,000; and
WHEREAS, the Act requires the Plan to be reviewed at least once every five
years, and requires the City to make any amendments or changes to the Plan which
are indicated by the review; and
WHEREAS, the City adopted its 2015 Plan on May 24, 2016, before the July 1,
2016 deadline; and
WHEREAS, amendments to the Act mandate that the City must also prepare a
Water Shortage Contingency Plan (the “WSCP”) and submit both the WSCP and 2020
Plan to the California Department of Water Resources; and
9.A.h
Packet Pg. 1421 Attachment: Proposed Resolution (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Page 2 of 3
WHEREAS, the 2020 Plan and WSCP must be adopted by the Council, after
public review and hearing, and filed with the California Department of Water Resources
by July 1, 2021; and
WHEREAS, the City of Santa Monica has prepared and circulated for public review
the draft 2020 Plan and WSCP, and a properly noticed public hearing regarding both
plans was held by the City Council on June 8, 2021; and
WHEREAS, the Council has reviewed and considered the contents of the draft
2020 Plan and WSCP, and determined that both comply with the Act.
NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA DOES
HEREBY RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. The Recitals, above, are incorporated herein by this reference.
SECTION 2. The City Council finds that the City is in conformance with all
applicable requirements of the Act.
SECTION 3. The City Council hereby adopts the City's 2020 Plan and WSCP
and orders that they be kept on file in the office of the City Clerk.
SECTION 4. The Water Resources Manager is hereby authorized and directed to
file the 2020 Plan and WSCP with the California Department of Water Resources by
July 1, 2021.
///
///
9.A.h
Packet Pg. 1422 Attachment: Proposed Resolution (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))
Page 3 of 3
SECTION 5. The City Clerk shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution of
the City Council, and thenceforth and thereafter the same shall be in full force and
effect.
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
_________________________
GEORGE S. CARDONA
Interim City Attorney
9.A.h
Packet Pg. 1423 Attachment: Proposed Resolution (4566 : 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (30 mins))