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SR 03-05-2019 3B (2) City Council Report City Council Meeting: March 5, 2019 Agenda Item: 3.B 1 of 4 To: Mayor and City Council From: Karen Ginsberg, Director, Community & Cultural Services Subject: Approval of City Services Building Artwork Fabrication Contract Recommended Action Staff recommends that the City Council: 1. Award Susan Narduli, a California-based artist, the fabrication contract of the artwork to be installed at City Services Building; 2. Authorize the City Manager to negotiate and execute an agreement with Susan Narduli, in an amount not to exceed $525,000. Summary The City Services Building (CSB) is an architectural addition to the City of Santa Monica’s historic City Hall that will house a consolidated permit center and 240 staff members. The CSB represents a major step in completing the vision adopted in the Civic Center Specific Plan that will provide better service to our citizens, more efficient workspaces for our workforce and provide long-term savings in leasing and utility costs. The design and construction of this major addition to the Civic Center has been designed to complement the historic City Hall and to meet the Living Building Challenge (LBC) as administered through the International Living Future Institute. The CSB will be the largest and first municipal project to meet the Challenge , which is internationally the most rigorous sustainability certification program. In accordance with the City’s Percent for Art ordinance, the project will include two public art elements that also meet the LBC standards. The City Services Building gives form to the long-held community and civic values of the City of Santa Monica. Susan Narduli designed two art elements, “Light Paintings,” for the CSB. Staff recommends the Council authorize a contract with Susan Narduli in an amount not to exceed $525,000 for art fabrication funded by the Percent- For-Art (PFA) allocation generated by the CSB Capital Project. 2 of 4 Discussion In 1986, the City of Santa Monica adopted Resolution Number 7231(CCS) to establish a Percent for Art (PFA) Program to enrich the lives of all residents of and visitors to the City of Santa Monica by providing funding for various forms of public art. The PFA Program requires that eligible Capital Improvement Projects set aside a budget of an amount equal to at least one percent of the total project budget for public art. The CSB project is a qualifying Percent for Art project. In early 2017, staff met with the project manager within the Architectural and Engineering Division of the City to streamline the process for integrating artwork into the building and address the importance of our natural setting and environmental sustainability as values for our community and city government. As part of this project, staff developed a selection panel that included two local artist professionals, a representative from the architecture firm Frederick Fisher and Partners (FFP) and one member of the Public Art Committee. An invitational request for qualifications was published in February 2018. Following a competitive panel selection process that considered five possible artists for the project, in May 2018, Los Angeles artist Susan Narduli was selected by the artist selection panel to receive the commission based on having the strongest presentation, submission, and portfolio of previous public artworks. In July 2018, she was awarded a design contract (contract #3390) in the amount of $75,000 for the delivery of an artwork proposal. In August 2018, Ms. Narduli presented her preliminary concept to the Public Art Committee and the Arts Commission (PAC and AC). Subsequently, on January 28, 2019, the PAC and AC approved Ms. Narduli’s “Light Paintings” proposal. The design contract has concluded and has been closed, which requires a new contract to be created for the fabrication of the art pieces. In accordance with the best practice for the public art field, Ms. Narduli and her engineers will be fabricating the artworks, based on the work completed as part of the design contract, to maintain quality and design standards. The Artworks Ms. Narduli’s proposal, “Light Paintings,” are inspired by and are unique to the City of Santa Monica, existing in two forms sited in separate areas of the building. Both 3 of 4 artworks respond to our community’s unique and spectacular natural setting and the “biophilic environment” that has been honored by inhabitants dating back to the indigenous Tongva people. Through a shifting palette of light and color, the art brings the dance of nature into the building to create an experience that reflects site, time and the spirit of Santa Monica (attachment B and C - the artists’ presentation and narrative). The stairwell artwork is sited in the most visible exterior site -line, within the 3-story stairwell that faces the public spaces and pedestrian and vehicular traffic along Olympic Drive. The stairwell brings natural light into the building throughout the day. The permit counter partition artwork is a three-part translucent glass mural that separates the public space and employee space of the CSB first level. It is visible from the permit counter, the courtyard and the open work area. Conceptually, the mural is inspired by the Santa Monica sky and vistas. Since Ms. Narduli’s August 2018 presentation to a joint meeting of the Public Art Committee (PAC) and Arts Commission (AC), she has met several times with the project architect, general contractor, and public art supervisor for the project to further develop her concepts. These artworks will be a significant addition to the City’s Public Art Collection and an engaging feature of the City’s newest and most environmentally sustainable building, respecting the history and setting of the Civic Center. All materials and processes associated with the artworks meet the established criteria of the Living Building Challenge. The budget allocation outlining the project scope (the stairwell and the permit counter partition), was approved by the PAC and AC in November 2018. On January 28, 2019, the PAC and AC approved Ms. Narduli’s “Light Paintings” proposal. Ms. Narduli will be responsible for all fabrication as part of the contract. Past Council Actions Meeting Date Description 08/08/2017 (attachment A) Staff report to City Council for the CSB Budget, including the Percent for Art allocation. Financial Impacts and Budget Actions Staff seeks authority to negotiate and execute an agreement with Susan Narduli, for the fabrication of the artworks to be installed at the City Services Building. Contract/Agreement/Purchase Order Request 4 of 4 Prepared By: Chris Guerra, Cultural Affairs Supervisor Approved Forwarded to Council Attachments: A. Attachment A - Aug 8, 2017 Staff Report (Web Link) B. Attachment B - CSB Artworks Presentation _01.28.19.pdf C. Attachment C - Artworks Narrative D. Attachment D: Oaks - Narduli E. Attachment E: Staff report to AC/PAC for CSB - Project Background F. Written Comments Request Amount Budget Department/CIP Account # Total Contract Amount $525,000 C0104530.689710 $525,000 CITY SERVICES BUILDING ARTWORK: Initial Concept Studies EARTH CONCEPT STUDYSOLAR CONCEPT STUDY ENERGY CONCEPT STUDY 6 16 It will take its life from the path of the sun. JANUARY 9 AM - 3 PM TRANSMITTED LIGHT STUDIES 23 NIGHTTIME EXPERIENCE Data Controls: Animation time span 12 hours Dynamic Lighting recalls the suns movement to make the art visible at night 30 Excess energy collected from the building photovoltaics during the day will be used to drive vivid color animations seen through the curtain wall. CITY OF SANTA MONICA CITY SERVICES BUILDING ARTWORKS LIGHT PAINTINGS (working title) Artwork Concept Narrative “Imagine a building designed and constructed to function as elegantly and efficiently as a flower.” Living Building Challenge 3.0 I have drawn my inspiration for this project from the City Services Building itself. The City Services Building gives form not only to the Living Building Challenge but to the long held community and civic values of the City of Santa Monica. The artwork exists in two forms sited in separate areas of the building. They are formally separate but conceptually linked. Both artworks respond to the basic tenants of the Living Building Challenge with a focus on the “Biophilic Environment” related to the building. All materials and processes associated with the artworks meet the established criteria of the Living Building Challenge. LIGHT PAINTINGS was inspired by and is unique to the City of Santa Monica. Through a shifting palette of light and color it brings the dance of nature into the building to create an experience that reflects site, time and the spirit of place. Stairwell: The artwork is sited within the 3-story stairwell fronting the public spaces and pedestrian and vehicular traffic along Olympic Drive. Enclosed with glass on two exterior walls, the stairwell brings natural light into the space throughout the day. The artwork will take its life from the path of the sun. The interactive 36 foot high LIGHT PAINTING will be activated by sunlight as it passes through a field of dichroic glass installed in the north wall of the stairwell. A dichroic lens causes visible light to be split up into distinct beams by their wavelengths. Light projected through dichroic glass is the opposite (complimentary) color frequency of the reflected light. Just like a sundial, dichroic glass can reflect the movement of the sun. Here, the LIGHT PAINTING tracks the sun ’s path, creating ever- changing patterns of color tied to time of day and season. We will use Sun Data Specific to Santa Monica which will be translated into Patterns to inform the layout for the dichroic field. We have developed a custom software that will read this data, analyze the text file and translate it into patterns. The final pattern for the artwork will be created from the library of patterns generated by the software. There’s a constancy to the way the sun moves over the course of the day, season and year and that is reflected in the sun data. So the layout of the dichroic field will reflect that constancy. It will also reinforce the orthogonal design of the building facade and the horizontal patterns of the curtain wall frit. But the ever-changing geometries and shifts of color fueled by the shifting sun will speak of the expressiveness of nature. At night excess energy collected from the building photovoltaics during the day will be used to drive vivid color animations seen from the promenade through the curtain wall. - an interactive wall painting that uses the sun to activate an ever -changing artwork. The Art Screen Wall is a three part translucent glass mural that separates the Public Space and Private Space of the CSB first level. It is visible from the Permit Counter, the Courtyard and the open W ork Area. The challenge was to create an artwork that allowed for natural ventilation from the courtyard windows to pass through but at the same time offered privacy to the work area beyond. Conceptually, the mural is inspired by the Santa Monica Sky. We created a digital rendering that evokes the changing shifts in color from sunrise to sunset. Formally, the artwork consists of 96 glass fins, each 1’ wide. Set into a 3’-6” low wall, the glass fins create a 6’ high screen. The diagonal orientation of the glass fins allows for both privacy and ventilation. Form and Materials The building architect has been fully supportive with integration into the building. Working together with the architect, we have developed digital models, renderings, samples and onsite mockup studies to accomplish the intent and needs for the City Services Building. Stairwell: The entire artwork is composed of dichroic glass that will activate the stairwell over three floors in height, and is integrated onto one wall of the stairwell with direct natural sunlight. The overall dimensions of the artwork are 14’-4” wide by 36’-0” high by 3” deep. Dichroic glass has unique properties that reflects light of one color and transmits light of other colors, which will create beautiful patterned compositions on the wall. During the day natural sunlight will activate the dichroic glass creating captivating color patterns that change with the movement of the sun, while at night, artificial lights powered by residual solar energy from the building will be programmed to create varying experiential patterns and animations. The dichroic glass with polished edges will have a 3M safety film applied onto its surface as the project requires. The colors used for the dichroic art glass are silica colors, coated on the glass in a pressurized vacuum chamber at 260°C, and are permanent and 100% UV resistant. The dichroic glass pieces of various sizes will be mounted perpendicular to, and protruding from, powder coated metal panels. LED light fixtures will be mounted along top and bottom edges of the artwork, and at intermediary locations determined by the adjacent staircase structure. Glass dimensions, pattern, specifications, fabrication and installation plans are being developed in close collaboration with the architect, engineer, lighting consultant, glass vendor and panel fabricator. Art Screen Wall: The artwork will be part of a screen which creates privacy between office spaces and the public area at the permit counter. Staff and visitors will be able to see a stunning glass mural that spans over 100 feet, illustrating a color gradient derived from the natural colors of the sky from sunset to sunrise. The artwork will become a cohesive graphic as it is viewed as a whole piece from either side. The graphics will add luminosity and color to the area, enhancing the work environment with natural light while providing a pleasing sight for building staff and visitors. The glass mural screen is composed of 96 glass panels mounted on the three pony walls at the permit counter. Each glass panel is 1’-0” x 2’-6” visible and have a slight overlap. The art glass panels are tempered “safety glass” with polished edges as the project requires. A thin film with a custom printed color gradient will be applied to the glass to create the artwork graphic with smooth transitions on adjacent panels. The glass is arranged in a manner to allow airflow between office a nd public space while maintaining privacy. Glass dimensions, layout, and other specifications are being developed in close collaboration with the architect, engineer, glass vendor and film vendor/installer. Installation and Maintenance Stairwell: Metal Panels with Dichroic Glass and Light Fixtures The dichroic glass will be attached to a metal panel assembly and delivered to site ready for installation, to be performed by the building contractor in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. Light fixtures will also be delivered to site to be installed by contractor. The artwork will require maintenance as noted per manufacturer’s specifications. Regular cleaning of metal panels required at least once a year. For maintenance of the glass and panels clean with non-solvent based or mild soap cleaner and anti-static or lint free cloth as needed. Light fixtures will require minimal maintenance with over 50,000-hour lamp life. Fabricators: Dichroic: Highend Systems (512) 836-2242 Panel System & Assembly: Arktura (310) 532-1050 Art Screen Wall: Glass Panels with Color Gradient Film The glass panels and specified hardware assembly will be delivered to site ready for installation, to be performed by the building contractor per manufacturer’s specifications. The color gradient film will be installed by the film vendor’s installer onsite after the glass panels are in place and field conditions verified. For maintenance of the glass clean with non-solvent based or mild soap cleaner and anti-static or lint free cloth as needed. Fabricators: Glass: Swartz Glass Co. (310) 392-0001 Color Gradient Film: Metropolitan West (562) 426-7701 Milestones 1. Artwork Fabrication & Installation: a)Stairwell: Artwork Files Completed March 2019 Dichroic Glass Fabrication (10 weeks) April 2019 – May 2019 Edge Polishing (4 weeks) Jul 2019 Safety Film Application (4 weeks) Aug 2019 50 % Fabrication Documentation Sep 2019 Panel Assembly Fabrication (20 weeks) Sep 2019 – Jan 2020 100% Fabrication Documentation Jan 2020 Delivery to site (1 Week) Jan 2020 Install (1 Week) Feb 2020 b)Art Screen Wall: Artwork Files Completed Oct 2019 – Jan 2020 Glass Panel Fabrication (8 weeks) Nov 2019 – Dec 2019 50 % Fabrication Documentation Dec 2019 Color Gradient Film Fabrication (2 -3 weeks) Jan 2020 100% Fabrication Documentation Jan 2020 Delivery to site (1 Week) Jan 2020 Install (1 Week) Feb 2020 2. Acceptance of artwork:Feb 2020 Budget Design Development Drawings Stairwell: PAGE #: AUTHOR / DATE: CHECKED BY / DATE: PROJECT: DESCRIPTION: Design Development Drawings Art Screen Wall: PAGE #: AUTHOR / DATE: CHECKED BY / DATE: PROJECT: DESCRIPTION: Cultural Affairs Division 1437 4th Street Suit 310 Santa Monica, CA 90401 1 Cultural Affairs Division | 1437 4th Street Suite 310 | Santa Monica, CA 90401 Date: January 28, 2018 To: Santa Monica Arts Commission and Public Art Committee From: Shannon Daut, Cultural Affairs Manager & Chris Guerra, Public Art Supervisor Subject: City Services Building – Percent for Art projects INTRODUCTION In May 2018 the artist selection panel unanimously selected Los Angeles artist Susan Narduli as the artist to receive the City Services Building commission. Ms. Narduli presented her preliminary concept to the Public Art Committee and the Arts Commission (PAC and AC) in August 2018. The Budget allocation outlining the project scope (the stairwell and the permit counter partition), was approving by the PAC and AC in November 2018. Since Ms. Narduli’s August 2018 meeting, she has met several times with the project architect, general contractor, and public art supervisor for the project to further develop her concepts. The final design concept for the project will be presented to the PAC and AC for approval on Monday, January 28. CITY SERVICES BUILDING BACKGROUND The City Services Building (CSB) is an addition to the City of Santa Monica’s historic City Hall that will house a consolidated permit center and 240 staff members, to facilitate public services in one location and realize cost efficiencies due to eliminating off-site City office leasing expenses. The approximately 50,000 SF structure will include a basement and three floors above grade, have an entrance through the City Hall courtyard and an entrance on the south end of the building on Olympic Drive. As an addition to a historic structure, the CSB design will meet the U.S. Department of the Interior’s technical guidelines for an addition to a historic structure. The CSB will be placed at the rear of City Hall and be compatible with the massing, size and scale of the historic building; the materials of the new building will be compatible but differentiated. The City of Santa Monica is internationally recognized for its commitment to sustainability, particularly for early adoption of leading-edge green-building systems. The CSB design and construction will endeavor to meet the Living Building Challenge (LBC) as administered through the International Living Future Institute. Internationally the most rigorous sustainability certification program, there are currently only 15 fully certified LBC buildings in the world. The CSB would be the largest and first municipal project to meet the Challenge. To meet the challenge, the building will operate like a living organism including harvesting all its energy from the sun, collecting and reusing all its water from site precipitation and processing all its waste onsite. In 2014, the City Council selected Hathaway Dinwiddie as the Design-Builder to conduct a Feasibility Analysis and subsequently to provide Design Services for the 2 Cultural Affairs Division | 1437 4th Street Suite 310 | Santa Monica, CA 90401 project. Hathaway Dinwiddie has contracted for architectural services with Frederick Fisher and Partners Architects (FFP) who are working with a team of consultants including Buro Happold - Sustainability and MEP Engineers, John A. Martin Structural Engineers, KPFF Consulting Engineers and the Historic Research Group. The resulting project will be a beautiful addition to the historic City Hall, and an efficient model of public service and sustainability. The City Services Building is currently in the construction phase. Construction is scheduled to span from 2017 through the spring of 2020. ARTIST SELECTION PROCESS In early 2017, staff met with the project manager within the Architectural and Engineering Division of the City. To streamline the process for integrating artwork into the building and address the importance of the Living Building Challenge. As part of this project, staff developed a selection panel that included two local artist professionals, a representative from the FFP and one member of the Public Art Committee. These panelists worked with staff to develop an invitational list of artists located in the United Sates who had demonstrated experience in public art. The selection panel was comprised of the following four voting members:  Grace Ramirez-Gaston, Civic Art Director, Los Angeles County Arts Commission  Vida Brown, Curator, California African American Museum  Fred Fisher/Joe Coriaty, Project Architects, Frederick Fisher and Partners  Gwynne Pugh, Public Art Committee Member & Principal of Gwynne Pugh Urban Studio Non-voting members were added to the selection panel to assist the group with technical issues, provide the shortlisted artists with a review of drawings prepared for the project and address questions related to the LBC goals of the building. In February of 2018, the invitational call was issued to 57 artist or teams. Of the 57 invited to submit qualifications, 33 responded. On April 9, 2018 the selection panel reviewed qualifications from the 33 candidates. Qualifications from each candidate included a resume, images of previous projects completed, three professional references and a letter of interest. The initial review of the candidates was based on the scoring criteria listed in the RFQ. This was as follows:  High quality, innovation, and creativity of past work  Strength of articulated interest in this opportunity and relevance to Santa Monica  Demonstrated ability to produce and present work  Clarity of vision in relation to art in public spaces  Understanding of materials and techniques  Demonstrated ability to meet deadlines and produce work on an established timeline  Demonstrated ability to work collaboratively with others Based on a review of all submissions, the panel selected these four finalists for further consideration.  Elizabeth Turk, Newport Beach, CA 3 Cultural Affairs Division | 1437 4th Street Suite 310 | Santa Monica, CA 90401  Susan Narduli, Los Angeles, CA  Peter Shelton, Venice, CA  Lead Pencil Studio, Seattle, WA In mid-April, each finalist was invited to join the project team for a conference call to review drawings and discuss opportunities identified for the project. This conference call include the project architect (FFP) and Joel Cesar from the Architectural and Engineering Division of the City. All finalists were told that the design budget for this project would be $75,000 for the design phase. Finalists were paid an honorarium fee of $1,000 to develop a presentation on their previous completed projects, a statement of how they would approach developing a concept for the site, a preliminary concept for any or all opportunities proposed for the project and a rough project budget. On May 30, 2018, the selection panel met again to hear all the finalist presentations. The criteria developed for the assessment of the presentations was as follows:  (25%) Has the artist sufficiently demonstrated to the panel their ability to work collaboratively with the design team by presenting work on other complex projects?  (25%) Does the proposal respond to the opportunities and limitations of the Living Building Challenge?  (25%) Does the proposal reflect artwork that will enhance the use of the building for staff and visitors?  (25%) Does the proposal budget reflect an accurate review of costs associated with the project proposed? The selection panel unanimously selected Los Angeles artist Susan Narduli as the artist to receive the commission. Ms. Narduli has received a $75,000 artist design contract to create artworks that will be integrated into the stairwell and permit areas of the building. FY 18-19 PERCENT FOR ART BUDGET ALLOCATION The total percent for art budget for the new City Services Building is $596,015. $525,000 has been allocated for the permanent public artwork and $71,015.00 for the purchase of a curated collection that will become part of the Art Bank. In a change from the original budget, $25,000 has been moved from the Art Bank line item to the Permanent Public Art line item. This increase reflects the need to add to the contract amount to allow the artist to also design a “screen” that will be placed behind the public permitting counter at the site. In November 2018, the PAC and AC approved the City Services Building Art Bank allocation to be used to address the Macdonald-Wright murals in City Hall. The five-part holistic approach will be used to address the McDonald Wright murals is as follows: 1. A subcommittee will be formed consisting of five members that represent a mix of PAC and AC members. The subcommittee will inform and guide the planning process managed by city staff 4 Cultural Affairs Division | 1437 4th Street Suite 310 | Santa Monica, CA 90401 2. Coordinate a panel discussion series that will host open public dialogues with experts from diverse perspectives including Indigenous Peoples, History, and Art 3. Commission a temporary participatory artwork in City Hall to collect community voices 4. Informed by the community engagement and panels series, commission a permanent educational panel or other artistic interpretation at City Hall to recontextualize the Macdonald-Wright murals. 5. Issue an Art Bank call specifically requesting artworks that respond to Indigenous or other often overlooked histories of Santa Monica. From:The SEO Doctors To:Clerk Mailbox Subject:SM Council 3/5/19 - Item 3B Date:Tuesday, March 5, 2019 7:46:36 AM City Services Artwork Yes. Item 3-B 3/05/2019 1 of 3 Item 3-B 3/05/2019 From:Ann Maggio To:councilmtgitems Cc:Clerk Mailbox Subject:Consent Calendar Item 3B - REJECT the Stairwell Piece - IT IS NOT PUBLIC ART Date:Tuesday, March 5, 2019 11:56:16 AM Dear City Council, Please reject the Stairwell piece and send it back through the review process. The Stairwell Piece, described as a LIGHT PAINTING, is an ORIGINAL, PRIVATE, Site- specific WORK. (Site-specific art is defined as artwork created to exist in a certain place.) The intended location is a private stairwell within the City Services Building. One Art Commissioner emailed me to say "when the piece is completed and the annex opened to the public, the Commission will explore ways to provide some direct access to the piece from within the building." THIS IS UNACCEPTABLE and Identifies a FAILED PROCESS. Public Access is the GOAL for PUBLIC ART. It is NEVER an after thought or an assumption that it might be "fixed" later on. The LIGHT PAINTING employs NATURAL SUNLIGHT, the PRIMARY MEDIUM, in a Site-specific location (the stairwell), providing an EXPERIENTIAL interaction with for those ascending and descending through this intimate and private space. Natural sunlight is CRITICAL to achieving the "Light" painting. The dichroic glass in this case, is simply used as the color field through which the sunlight can pass in order to activate the work. Therefore, the dichroic glass is the passive medium whereas the natural sunlight is the active ingredient the artist uses to achieve the intent of the work as described, a "Light Painting". This is NOT a PUBLIC Work - The use of Artificial Lights to create nighttime views for the public fails the intent of the original work because it lacks the primary ingredient - Natural Sunlight. The public will not settle for artificial views from the street. Any Claim that, "the piece will be viewed 24 hours each day and 365 days each year" is grossly inept. Q: "WHO has access to view the original site-specific work?" A: Not the public. The artist is investing substantial time on the prep work by collecting and translating data about site- specific natural light to achieve the desired results of the "Light Painting'". . "We will use Sun Data Specific to Santa Monica which will be translated into Patterns to inform the layout for the dichroic field. We have developed a custom software that reads this data, such as Solar Elevation Angleor Extraterrestrial Global Horizontal Solar Item 3-B 3/05/2019 2 of 3 Item 3-B 3/05/2019 Irradiance analyses the text file, and translates it into patterns. This becomes the library from which we create the final design." Day View - Private Viewing Hours City Staff will experience three dimensional views of this site specific art piece located in the privatestairwell of the City Services Building. The work is to be experienced as sunlight enters the easternand southern three story glass windows and penetrates dichroic glass design, installed on the north wall of the stairwell as described... "pieces of various sizes will be mounted perpendicular to, and protruding from, powder coatedmetal panels. The overall dimensions of the artwork are 14’-4” wide by 36’-0” high by 3” deep. Light fixtures will be mounted along top and bottom edges, and atintermediary locations determined by the staircase structure" Night View - Public Viewing Hours after dark - who visits then? At some point after sunset, the public will have a view, through a curtain wall, of a 14'4" wide art piece that isexternally and artificially illuminated and anticipated to produce "vivid color animations seen from the promenade through the curtain wall." The vantage point exists from what is a brief walkway and a short municipal block of Olympic Blvd. The street is overwhelmingly traversed by cars and pedestrians for municipal business during business hours. An optimal seasonal view, during the winter months, will coincide with closing timefor workers at City Hall and the new City Services Building. While waiting for a light change in orderto access the Civic Center parking structure on the other side of Olympic, no need to stand idle whenafforded a second opportunity to compare and contrast the internal and external intrinsic value of thiswork. Thank you, Ann Maggio Thanawalla Formerly with the magazines ARTNews, Art + Auction, Modern Painters, Culture & Travel, GalleryGuide Item 3-B 3/05/2019 3 of 3 Item 3-B 3/05/2019 REFERENCE: Agreement No. 10812 (CCS)