SR 11-28-2017 3K
City Council Report
City Council Meeting: November 28, 2017
Agenda Item: 3.K
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To: Mayor and City Council
From: Susan Cline, Director, Public Works, Office of Sustainability & the
Environment
Subject: First Contract Modification with DNV-GL for Professional Service to Develop
the Climate Action & Adaptation Plan
Recommended Action
Staff recommends that the City Council authorize the City Manager to negotiate and
execute a first modification to agreement #3286 in the amount of $34,000 with DNV-GL,
a Norway-based company with offices in California, for Climate Action & Adaptation
Plan development services. This will result in a three-year amended agreement with a
new total amount not to exceed $260,578, with future year funding contingent on
Council budget approval.
Executive Summary
The Climate Action & Adaptation Plan will provide a vision and strategic plan for
achieving a low-carbon future by reducing emissions from our buildings and vehicles,
while also increasing community resilience and use of beneficial ecosystems. On
February 23, 2016, the City awarded contract #3286 in the amount of $226,578 to DNV-
GL to provide professional consulting services to develop the City’s next Climate Action
& Adaptation Plan. City staff convened a stakeholder committee that requested
additional quantitative analysis be conducted to help understand the scale of impact and
prioritize actions in the plan. In order to complete the analysis for the plan and have a
robust stakeholder engagement process, staff recommends a first modification to
contract #3286 in the amount of $34,000 with DNV-GL. This would result in in a three-
year amended contract with a new total amount not to exceed $260,578.
Background
On February 26, 2013, Council adopted the 15x15 Climate Action Plan with a goal to
reduce Santa Monica’s emissions 15% below 1990 levels by 2015 (Attachment A).
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On September 13, 2016, staff provided Council with a Climate Action update, reporting
that Santa Monica’s 2015 emissions had decreased 20% below 1990 levels, 5% beyond
its original goal. Council directed staff to assess the feasibility and financial impact of
achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 or sooner (Attachment B). With this directive, staff
began the process of developing the City’s next Climate Action & Adaptation Plan,
which would also address the known impacts of climate change.
In late 2015, the Office of Sustainability & the Environment issued a Request for
Proposals (RFP) for consultant services to develop the City’s next Climate Action &
Adaptation Plan. Staff selected DNV-GL (DNV) based on its qualifications, proposal and
approach. On January 26, 2016, Council approved the selection of DNV for a total
amount not to exceed $226,578, including contingency (Attachment C). The City
entered into a three-year agreement with DNV on June 30, 2016 for an amount not to
exceed $226,578. DNV’s scope of work includes reviewing existing and pending
policies, forecasting greenhouse gas emissions, developing and quantifying strategies
to reduce greenhouse gases, convening stakeholder and public meetings, preparing a
vulnerability assessment to climate change impacts and drafting the climate action plan.
On July 28, 2016, DNV and staff convened a steering and stakeholder committee of city
staff and community key stakeholders to advise the technical development of the plan.
Throughout 2017, staff and DNV have worked with stakeholders and City divisions to
project emissions scenarios and emission reduction strategies.
On October 29, 2016, the City held its first Community Climate Action Summit, inviting
the public to participate in the climate action planning process. The Summit also
provided an outreach opportunity for the Downtown Community Plan, which includes
measures and concepts that should be adopted citywide to reduce emissions from
vehicle transportation and land use.
Discussion
Throughout the planning process for the Climate Action & Adaptation Plan, the project
team facilitated robust engagement during stakeholder meetings. At the most recent
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stakeholder meeting, participants requested that additional analysis be conducted to
better facilitate understanding of the scale of impact and prioritization of actions. The
project team also spent additional time and effort – more than what was previously
budgeted for – analyzing various emissions reduction scenarios based on mobility goals
and measures.
Going forward, staff require additional budget to ensure support is available during the
public release of the draft plan which will include a comment period, public workshops
and revision of the draft. Staff is requesting a modification to increase the budget by
$34,000 for a new total not to exceed amount $260,578 over the current three-year
term.
Vendor/Consultant Selection
On October 21, 2015, the City issued a Request for Proposals (RFP) to provide
consulting services to develop a Climate Action & Adaptation Plan as required by the
Office of Sustainability and the Environment, which is responsible for the policy,
programs and reporting of carbon emissions and planning for climate change. The RFP
was posted on the City's on-line bidding site, and notices were advertised in the Santa
Monica Daily Press in accordance with City Charter and Municipal Code provisions. A
total of 31 vendors downloaded the RFP documents. Five firms responded: DNV-GL,
AECOM, Michael Baker International, PWC and Rincon Consultants.
A selection committee consisting of representatives from the Office of Sustainability and
the Environment (now part of the Public Works Department), the Public Works
Department and the Planning and Community Development Department reviewed the
responses to the RFP and interviewed all five firms on December 4, 2015. The final
scores were averaged and then used to select the best qualified firm.
Evaluation was based on the following selection criteria: expertise, experience, project
understanding and approach, adherence to project timeline, innovative planning
experience. Based on the criteria set forth in SMMC 2.24.073, staff recommended DNV-
GL as the best qualified firm to undertake this project based on the team’s
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demonstrated technical expertise, thought leadership in climate action planning and
familiarity with Santa Monica’s local context. The lead members of the DNV-GL team
were involved in the City of New York’s climate action projects and pilots, and more
recently, the City of Palo Alto’s Climate Action Plan which investigated three aggressive
targets including the goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2025. DNV-GL leads a team
composed of Raimi & Associates, Fehr & Peers and Global Green USA. All of the sub-
consultants have experience developing plans and working with communities, including
Santa Monica.
Financial Impacts and Budget Actions
The contract modification to be awarded to DNV-GL is $34,000, for an amended
contract total not to exceed $260,578. Funds are available in the FY 2017-18 budget in
the Public Works Department. The contract will be charged to
account 014261.555060.99544. Future-year funding is contingent on Council budget
approval.
Prepared By: Garrett Wong, Senior Sustainability Analyst
Approved
Forwarded to Council
Attachments:
A. February 26, 2013 Staff Report
B. September 13, 2016 Staff Report
C. January 26, 2016 Staff Report
D. 2017 OAKS INITIATIVE FORM DNVGL
City Council Report
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City Council Meeting: February 26, 2013
Agenda Item: 8-A
To: Mayor and City Council
From: Dean Kubani, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
Subject: Santa Monica’s 15x15 Climate Action Plan
Recommended Action
Staff recommends that the City Council:
1) Adopt the 15x15 Climate Action Plan
2) Establish additional community greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets of
30% reduction of emissions below 1990 by the year 2030 and 80% reduction
below 1990 levels by 2050
3) Direct staff to analyze the feasibility and cost of reducing greenhouse gas
emissions in municipal operations
Executive Summary
In 2006 Council adopted a goal for reducing community greenhouse gas emissions 15
percent below 1990 levels by the year 2015. Given projected population and economic
growth, 29,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions would need to be eliminated
throughout the community in order to achieve the target reductions by the end of 2015.
The 15 x 15 Climate Action Plan includes 15 measures that if completed would allow
the City to meet this goal. Some of the measures have already begun as a result of
previous Council direction to staff.
Background
Council adopted the Sustainable City Plan (SCP) in 1994 to protect natural resources,
prevent harm to the natural environment, enhance human health, and improve the
social and economic well-being of the community for current and future generations. It
was updated in 2003 and revised again in 2006. The 2006 revision included targets for
the Greenhouse Gas Emissions indicator which had not previously been set. The
targets established were a 15 percent reduction below 1990 levels by 2015
communitywide and a 30 percent reduction below 1990 levels by 2015 for Municipal
Operations. In 2010, Council adopted the Land Use and Circulation Element (LUCE).
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Chapter 3 of the LUCE, Sustainability and Climate Change, specifically calls for the
preparation of a Climate Action Plan with periodic monitoring to evaluate progress.
Santa Monica’s 2007 greenhouse gas emissions inventory revealed that
communitywide emissions had been reduced to 7 percent below 1990 levels. Between
2007 and 2012, communitywide emissions decreased another 7 percent, resulting in a
total reduction of 14 percent below 1990 levels.
Since 1990, per capita emissions in Santa Monica have dropped from 10.64 MTCO2e
per resident to less than 8.8 metric tons, significantly lower than the state’s 2009 per
capita average of 13.1.1 Although per capita emissions offer a valuable context for
Santa Monica’s emissions relative to other municipalities, the community greenhouse
gas emissions target, community inventory and 15X15 Climate Action Plan reflect
absolute emissions reductions.
Projected population and economic growth factors identified in the LUCE suggest an
overall increase in greenhouse gas emissions by 2015. Because of this, a 3 percent
reduction in greenhouse gas emissions needs to be achieved by the end of 2015 to
meet the 15 percent reduction below 1990 levels. This 3 percent reduction represents
an additional 29,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide that will need to be reduced
throughout the community. In order to achieve these reductions by the end of 2015, the
15X15 Climate Action Plan was developed.
Discussion
15X15 Climate Action Plan
Programs and policies that reduce emissions have been included in the Sustainable
City Plan, the Urban Forest Master Plan and the Bicycle Action Plan. They are also
being integrated into the Water Self Sufficiency Plan and the Zero Waste Strategic Plan
which are currently in development. Santa Monica’s 15x15 Climate Action Plan brings
1 Source: California Air Resources Board California Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: 2000-2009
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together the climate-related efforts of these plans, amongst others, to prioritize actions
for implementation through the end of 2015.
The 15x15 Climate Action Plan is a short-term, action-oriented document that identifies
15 measures that, if completed by the end of 2015, would achieve the City’s
greenhouse gas emission reduction goal. The 15 measures and associated actions are
grouped in the following eight categories: Energy Use and Generation, Waste
Reduction and Recycling, Transportation and Mobility, Water Conservation and
Efficiency, Open Space and Land Use, Local Food and Agriculture, Municipal
Operations, and Climate Mitigation and Adaptation.
The reductions associated with each measure and related actions were derived using
calculators and methodologies provided by the International Council for Local
Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) and the Statewide Energy Efficiency Collaborative
(SEEC). Key criteria used in developing the measures and actions include the
magnitude of emissions reductions, the scale of economic and community benefits, and
the ability of the City to facilitate their implementation. These measures and associated
actions will serve as a checklist to be completed by the end of 2015 and, if
implemented, are anticipated to result in greenhouse gas emissions reductions
sufficient to meet the 2015 target.
The 15X15 Climate Action Plan was developed based on the results of Santa’s
Monica’s 2007 sector-based greenhouse gas emissions inventory.
The inventory includes emissions associated with:
• Electricity
• Natural gas
• Fuel oil (distillate and residual)
• Propane
• Gasoline
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• Diesel
• Solid waste disposal
Emissions and emissions reductions not included in the inventory are:
• Santa Monica Airport aviation fuel
• Byproducts of industrial processes
• Emissions from goods and food manufactured and produced elsewhere
• Sequestration by the existing urban forest*
• Offsets*
*Although the impacts associated with urban forest sequestration and carbon offsets are
not included in the community inventory, they are identified in the 15X15 Climate Action
Plan as activities to undertake to achieve the 15 percent reduction target. The
reductions associated with some of the measures and actions in the 15X15 Climate
Action Plan will be directly represented in a traditional sector-based inventory while the
emissions reductions associated with other activities come from climate calculators and
software provided by ICLEI.
The 15 measures and the anticipated emission reductions identified in the 15X15
Climate Action Plan are identified below. The individual actions associated with each of
the 15 measures are detailed in the attached 15X15 Climate Action Plan.
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15 Measures
Associated
Emission
Reduction
(MTCO2e)
%
Contribution
to Achieve
Target
Reduction
(1) Increase energy efficiency of new buildings to perform 10%
better than 2013 Title 24 Standards - -
(2) Reduce energy use citywide in existing buildings by 1 million
kWh annually 2,357 8.2%
(3) Increase total citywide solar capacity by 500 kW annually 723 2.5%
(4) Divert 80% of waste from landfills 6,319 21.9%
(5) Reduce daily vehicle miles traveled within the city by 13,000 4,782 16.6%
(6) Increase biking and walking mode share to 15% 3,720 12.9%
(7) Expand public and private infrastructure to support electric
vehicle technology 1,349 4.7%
(8) Create vibrant mixed use villages that enhance neighborhoods 2,658 9.2%
(9) Expand the age, diversity and number of trees in the urban
forest 240 .8%
(10) Reduce water demand by 200,000 gallons per day 2,531 8.8%
(11) Reduce consumption of carbon intensive foods 500 1.7%
(12) Increase the production and consumption of local food - -
(13) Monitor greenhouse gas emissions - -
(14) Adapt to the effects of climate change and global warming - -
(15) Reduce municipal greenhouse gas emissions 3,633 12.6%
Community TOTAL 28,812 100%
Community TARGET 28,812
Future Targets
There is general scientific agreement that greenhouse gas emissions generated globally
must decline to 80 percent below 2000 levels by 2050 in order to avoid potentially
catastrophic climate change. The cities of Berkeley, Chicago, Seattle and Portland, as
well as the State of California, have established the target to reduce emissions 80
percent below 1990 levels by 2050. Currently, Santa Monica does not have greenhouse
gas emissions reduction targets beyond 2015. In order to maintain momentum and
continuity of effort, staff recommends that Council adopt new community greenhouse
gas emissions reduction targets of 30 percent reduction of emissions below 1990 by the
year 2030 and 80 percent reduction below 1990 levels by 2050. After the completion of
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the 15X15 Climate Action Plan, a new greenhouse gas emissions inventory will be
performed and an updated Climate Action Plan will be developed in order to identify the
measures and actions necessary to achieve the 2030 and 2050 targets.
Municipal Operations
The Sustainable City Plan also established a target to reduce emissions from municipal
operations 30 percent below 1990 levels by 2015. The greenhouse gas emissions
inventory for municipal operations accounts for energy use in buildings and facilities,
which include streetlights, traffic signals and water delivery systems, and fuel use by the
City fleet and Big Blue Bus. Since 1990, emissions have increased by nearly 60
percent, mirroring the trend of increased services and square footage operated by the
City. The Big Blue Bus has increased the size of its fleet by over 30 vehicles and
significantly expanded its services since 1990, which has increased fuel use and
emissions. Also during this period the City has added a new Public Safety Facility,
expanded the Main Library, built the Annenberg Beach House and a new Big Blue Bus
campus, and expanded parks, street lighting and other infrastructure which has
significantly increased the overall energy used by the City. The City purchases green
power in order to offset emissions and to support growth in the renewable energy
market. Without the consistent investments that the City has made in green
infrastructure and sustainable practices such as LED streetlights, alternative fuel fleet
and Big Blue Bus vehicles, solar energy and green buildings, the increases in municipal
emissions would be even more significant.
The 15X15 Climate Action Plan was developed to achieve Santa Monica’s community
greenhouse gas emissions reduction target. It includes a category that addresses
Municipal Operations, but it is not a municipal operations climate action plan. The
15X15 Climate Action Plan includes measures that reduce municipal emissions, but the
15X15 Climate Action Plan is not intended to achieve the municipal greenhouse gas
emissions reduction target. In order to achieve the City’s target to reduce municipal
emissions 30 percent below 1990 levels, Santa Monica will need to reduce its emissions
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by more than 6,700 metric tons. The measures and actions included in the
communitywide 15X15 Climate Action Plan are expected to reduce municipal emissions
total about 3,600 metric tons. There are potentially significant costs associated with
reducing the City’s municipal greenhouse gas emissions further. Therefore, the 15X15
Climate Action Plan focuses on reducing communitywide emissions that can be
achieved within existing budgets and work plans. At the direction of Council, staff can
analyze the feasibility and cost of further reducing greenhouse gas emissions in
municipal operations.
Monitoring and Evaluation
In order to achieve the projected emissions reductions associated with measures and
actions in the 15X15 Climate Action Plan, staff will monitor community greenhouse gas
emissions, evaluate progress, and identify new measures and re-examine associated
actions every three years to ensure significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions
are being achieved in accordance with the targets established in this Plan.
Financial Impacts & Budget Actions
There are no immediate financial impacts or budget actions associated with the
adoption of the communitywide 15X15 Climate Action Plan.
The majority of the measures and associated actions reflected in the 15X15 Climate
Action Plan have been included in the Sustainable City Plan, Urban Forest Master Plan,
Bicycle Action Plan and the Land Use and Circulation Element (LUCE). They are also
being integrated into the Water Self Sufficiency Plan, Pedestrian Action Plan and the
Zero Waste Strategic Plan, which are currently in development. With the exception of
three actions, the measures and associated actions included in the Climate Action Plan
can be accomplished within the framework of the City’s current Maintenance of Effort
(MOE) budget or the proposed budgets for FY 2013/14 and 2014/15.
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The three actions that are not currently covered by MOE or proposed budgets are 1) the
implementation of a Pedestrian Action Plan, 2) the installation of 500 kW of solar
capacity on city facilities and 3) the installation of solar thermal systems at the Santa
Monica Swim Center and city fire stations. There is not enough information currently
available to project the costs for these three actions. When these projects related to the
15X15 Climate Action Plan are advanced, the financial impacts and budget actions will
be reported to Council.
Prepared by: Shannon Parry, Principal Environmental Analyst
Approved: Forwarded to Council:
Dean Kubani
Director, Office of Sustainability and the
Environment
Rod Gould
City Manager
Attachments:
Attachment 1: 15X15 Climate Action Plan
Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
SANTA MONICA’S GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND FORECAST
SANTA MONICA’S 15X15 CLIMATE ACTION PLAN AND BEYOND
ENERGY USE & GENERATION
WASTE REDUCTION & RECYCLING
TRANSPORTATION & MOBILITY
OPEN SPACE & LAND USE
WATER CONSERVATION AND EFFICIENCY
LOCAL FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
MUNICIPAL OPERATIONS
CLIMATE MITIGATION & ADAPTATION
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
27
Santa Monica developed the 15x15 Climate Action Plan
to reach the goal of reducing community greenhouse gas
emissions 15 percent below 1990 levels by 2015.
3 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
Contents
Locals promote Solar Santa Monica on the 4th of July
eXeCUtIVe sUMMARY
In 1994, the Sustainable City Plan was created to
protect natural resources, prevent harm to the
natural environment, enhance human health, and
improve the social and economic well-being of the
community for current and future generations. In
2006, an updated Sustainable City Plan established
a goal for reducing community greenhouse gas
emissions 15 percent below 1990 levels by the
year 2015. By 2007, Santa Monica had reduced its
emissions to 7 percent below 1990 levels. Between
2007 and 2012, emissions decreased by another 7
percent, resulting in a total reduction of 14 percent
below 1990 levels.
Although we have achieved a 14 percent reduction
below 1990 levels in 2012, projected population and
economic growth factors identified in the Land Use and
Circulation Element (LUCE) suggest an overall increase
in greenhouse gas emissions between 2012 and 2015.
Because of this, an additional 3 percent reduction in
greenhouse gas emissions needs to be achieved by the
end of 2015 in order to meet the 15 percent reduction
below 1990 levels. This 3 percent reduction represents
almost 29,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide that will
need to be reduced throughout the community. To reach
this goal, Santa Monica developed the 15x15 Climate
Action Plan. It is a short-term, action-oriented plan
identifying fifteen measures that, when completed,
will achieve our community greenhouse gas emission
reduction goal.
IntRoDUCtIon
The world’s leading scientists agree that human activity
has irreversibly affected the Earth’s climate and is
responsible for global warming. Evidence of this has
manifested itself in extreme weather events occurring in
greater frequency around the world. For Santa Monica,
a changing climate will affect temperature, precipitation
patterns, and sea level rise.
Addressing climate change and mitigating the impacts
of future global warming activity is the defining
challenge of the 21st century and beyond. Almost three
quarters of climate changing emissions originate from
urban and suburban areas.1 Because of this, cities are
uniquely positioned to take a leading role in reducing
emissions by delivering policies and programs that help
residents and businesses minimize emissions, preparing
the community for the effects of climate change, and
reducing emissions from municipal operations.
The challenge of climate change is not new, and
addressing it has long been a priority for our community.
For almost two decades, Santa Monica’s Sustainable
City Plan (SCP) has guided programs and policies that
enhance our resources, prevent harm to the natural
environment and human health, and improve the social
and economic well-being of the community for the sake
of current and future generations. The SCP established
the target of reducing community greenhouse gas
emissions to 15 percent below 1990 levels by the end
of 2015, an interim achievement of a longer term goal
to reduce emissions by 80 percent reduction below
1990 levels by 2050. Since 1990, Santa Monica has seen
a consistent decrease in community greenhouse gas
emissions.
Emission-reducing programs and policies have
been included in the Sustainable City Plan, Urban
Forest Master Plan, Bicycle Action Plan and the Land
Use and Circulation Element (LUCE) of the General
Plan. They are also being integrated into the Water
Self Sufficiency Plan and the Zero Waste Strategic
Plan, which are currently in development. Santa
Monica’s 15x15 Climate Action Plan brings together
the climate-related efforts of these plans, amongst
others, to provide a broad vision of the city’s
endeavors to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions
and improve quality of life.
Fifteen measures have been identified that will help
Santa Monica achieve its short-term climate goal.
Each measure is to be achieved through a set of
specific actions that can be completed by the end
of 2015. Most of these actions will have measurable
reductions in carbon emissions, while others are
more difficult to quantify. Many of these actions are
intended to achieve broader sustainability objectives,
like improving water self-sufficiency and community
accessibility. When taken together, these actions
create a Santa Monica that is healthy, vibrant and
resilient.
Combatting and adapting to climate change
presents opportunities as well as challenges. Taking
action on climate change means creating local
jobs in renewable energy, energy efficiency and
transportation infrastructure. While Santa Monica
alone cannot prevent global warming and mitigate
global climate change, the city’s leadership and
responsible action can help engender a movement
toward a sustainable future.
1Source: UN Habitat. 2011. Cities and Climate Change: Global Report on Human Settlements
5 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1990 baseline
15% below 1990
Total GHG
80% below 1990
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
santa Monica’s Greenhouse Gas emissions and Reduction Goals
Santa Monica LEED-Certified Civic Center
parking structure
Santa Monica’s LEED Gold Annenberg Community
Beach House
Me
t
r
i
c
t on
s
C
o 2 e
City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan | DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 6
sAntA MonICA’s GReenhoUse GAs eMIssIons InVentoRY
Santa Monica’s community greenhouse gas emissions inventory captures emissions generated from energy
consumption in homes and buildings, fossil fuels in transportation and methane emissions from waste disposal.
This sector-based method of inventorying carbon emissions is widely used by state and local governments
throughout California and the United States. It does not account for the upstream emissions associated with
the consumption of goods. The methodology follows the protocol and guidelines developed by ICLEI – Local
Governments for Sustainability (ICLEI) and uses the software developed by ICLEI and the California Statewide
Energy Efficiency Collaborative (SEEC).
Santa Monica’s inventory includes emissions associated with:
• Electricity
• Natural gas
• Gasoline
• Diesel
• Solid waste disposal
Emissions not included in the inventory are:
• Santa Monica Airport aviation fuel
• Byproducts of industrial processes
• Emissions from goods and food manufactured
and produced elsewhere
• Sequestration by the existing urban forest*
• Carbon Offsets*
*Although the impacts associated with urban forest sequestration and
carbon offsets are not included in the community inventory, they are
identified in the 15X15 Climate Action Plan as actions to undertake to
achieve the 15 percent reduction target.
In 1990, Santa Monica emitted a total of 924,293 metric
tons of carbon dioxide (MTCO2e). By 2007, Santa Monica
had reduced emissions to 7 percent below the 1990
emissions baseline. By 2012, communitywide emissions
had decreased by an additional 7 percent, amounting to
a total reduction of 14 percent below the 1990 baseline.
Although we have achieved a 14 percent reduction
below 1990 levels in 2012, projected population and
economic growth factors identified in the Land Use and
Circulation Element (LUCE) suggest an overall increase
in greenhouse gas emissions between 2012 and 2015.
Because of this a 3 percent reduction in greenhouse gas
emissions needs to be achieved by the end of 2015 to
meet the 15 percent reduction below 1990 levels. This 3
percent reduction represents an additional 29,000 metric
tons of carbon dioxide that will need to be reduced
throughout the community.
Since 1990, per capita emissions in Santa Monica have
dropped from 10.64 MTCO2e per resident to less than
8.8 metric tons, significantly lower than the state’s
2009 per capita average of 13.1.2 Although per
capita emissions offer a valuable context for Santa
Monica’s emissions relative to other municipalities,
the community greenhouse gas emissions target,
community inventory and 15X15 Climate Action Plan
reflect absolute emissions reductions.
Santa Monica’s resident and working population
are expected to grow slightly by 2015 along with
an improving economy. In a business-as-usual
scenario in which no action is taken, greenhouse
gas emissions associated with this growth are also
expected to increase. In order to achieve the 15x15
Climate Action Plan goal, Santa Monica will need to
take aggressive action to reduce its community-wide
emissions by an additional 29,000 metric tons of
carbon dioxide.
2Source: California Air Resources Board California Greenhouse
Gas Emissions Inventory: 2000-2009
Transportation
Waste
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
38%
5%
21%
30%6%
Community sources of emissions (2011)
City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan | DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 8
• energy Use and Generation
• Waste Reduction and Recycling
• transportation and Mobility
• open space and Land Use
• Water Conservation and efficiency
• Local Food and Agriculture
• Municipal operations
• Climate Mitigation and Adaptation
The 15 measures and associated actions are grouped in the following categories:
Every three years the city will monitor community greenhouse gas emissions, evaluate progress, identify new
measures and re-examine associated actions to ensure progress to meet the emission reduction goals is maintained.
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4
5 6 7
8 9
10
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13
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sAntA MonICA’s 15X15 CLIMAte ACtIon PLAn AnD BeYonD
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
estimates that to avoid potentially catastrophic climate
change, greenhouse gas emissions generated globally
must decline to 80 percent below 2000 levels by 2050. In
an effort to move towards this goal, the 2006 update of
the Sustainable City Plan established a short-term target
of reducing emissions 15 percent below 1990 levels by
2015.
This 15X15 Climate Action Plan identifies the actions
Santa Monica can take to achieve substantial emission
reductions by 2015 and contribute to the long-term
sustainability of the community. Key criteria in
developing the actions were the magnitude of
emissions reductions, the scale of economic and
community benefits, and the ability of the city to
facilitate their implementation. The reductions
associated with some of the measures and actions will
be directly represented in a traditional sector-based
inventory while the emissions reductions associated
with other activities come from climate calculators
and software provided by ICLEI. Fifteen measures and
corresponding actions have been identified to help
the city meet and exceed its 2015 target.
Bulding Energy Ecienc y – 5%
Renewable Energy – 3%
Urban Forest – 1%
Transit Oriented
Development – 9%
Increased Recycling
Rate – 9%
Residential Organics
Recycling – 4%
C & D Recycling – 5%
Transportation Demand
Management – 14%
Car Sharing – 1%
Safe Routes to Schools – 1%
Bike Infrastructure– 12%
Pedestrian
Infrastructure– 1%
Increased
Bus Ridership– .4%
EV Charging
Stations– 5%
Water Conservation
and Ecienc y– 12%
Food Purchasing– 2%
BBB 100% CNG – 2%
LED Streetlights – 3%
City Solar – 1%
City Energy Ecienc y – 5%
Contribution of actions in the 15x15 Climate Action Plan
to the total emissions reduction target
Solar panels and LED lights help reduce emissions
from Santa Monica’s world famous pier.
eneRGY Use AnD GeneRAtIon
Energy use in buildings is responsible for more than half
of Santa Monica’s greenhouse gas emissions. To reduce
energy consumption and the emissions associated with
the supply of energy, Santa Monica is taking a three-
pronged approach that focuses on energy efficiency in
existing buildings, construction of high performance new
buildings and renewable energy generation.
Saving energy in the city’s existing buildings is critical
to reducing emissions. Statewide programs, like Energy
Upgrade California, will facilitate residential participation
in improving energy efficiency. For commercial buildings,
establishing policies that require large buildings to
disclose energy use will be the first step to encouraging
conservation and efficiency by enhancing market
transparency.
Santa Monica’s Green Building Ordinance, which exceeds
state performance requirements, requires new buildings,
including transit-oriented developments expected to be
built around Expo Line Light Rail stations, to meet strict
energy efficiency standards. Maintaining a high bar for
energy performance will enable the city to reach the
statewide Zero Net Energy goals for new commercial
buildings by 2020 and residential buildings by 2030.
Solar Santa Monica continues to promote energy
efficiency and solar power in the community. To date,
there are over 400 grid connected solar projects
in the city providing more than three megawatts
of solar capacity. By 2020, 33% of utility-supplied
electricity will come from renewable resources. While
Santa Monica receives this benefit in the form of
reduced emissions from cleaner energy, increasing
locally-generated electricity is essential for energy
independence and community sustainability.
Promoting solar power and energy efficiency lays the
groundwork for the green economy of the future.
Jobs in solar and energy efficiency are inherently
local and cannot be outsourced. Money saved by
reducing power bills is available to be spent on local
goods and services, further enhancing the economic
sustainability of our community.
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Total Solar Capacity Installed (kW)
11 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
Citywide solar Capacity and Projection
1. Increase energy efficiency of new buildings to perform 10% better than
2013 Title 24 Standards
Update and adopt a new Green Building Ordinance
Require energy efficiency, onsite energy generation and electric vehicle charging infrastructure
in large developments
2. Reduce energy use citywide in existing buildings by 1 million kWh annually
Require buildings over 25,000 square feet to participate in energy benchmarking
and disclosure program
Launch a residential Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) program
3. Increase total citywide solar capacity by 500 kW annually
Require onsite generation of renewable energy on all new commercial buildings
Promote solar installation through the Solar Santa Monica program
Work with utilities to allow community solar installations in Santa Monica
t ot
a
l
s ol
a
r
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
I
n
s
t
a
l
l
e
d
(
k
W
)
eneRGY Use AnD GeneRAtIon
21 3MEASURES
City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan | DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 12
Santa Monica Waste Disposal and Recycling Truck
WAste ReDUCtIon AnD ReCYCLInG
Managing waste responsibly is the first step to
improve the efficiency of our materials cycle, avoid
exceeding the local landfill capacity and reduce the
environmental damage associated with raw material
extraction.
According to the US Environmental Protection
Agency, the lifecycle of goods other than food
accounts for one third of all carbon emissions.3
From extraction and processing of raw materials
to manufacturing, distribution, use and disposal,
emissions occur at every stage of a product’s life.
Solid waste accounts for almost 5 percent of Santa
Monica’s total greenhouse gas emissions.
Santa Monica currently diverts more than 70 percent
of its waste from the landfill, exceeding the target
established in the Sustainable City Plan and the state’s
diversion rate of 65 percent.4 To continue this success
and further increase recycling and composting, Santa
Monica is developing a Zero Waste Strategic Plan to
reach a diversion goal of 90 percent.
Beyond waste management, a comprehensive
approach that addresses the full lifecycle of goods
and services will also result in emission reductions.
Santa Monica has been a leader in eliminating the
harmful waste associated with non-recyclable food
service containers and single use bags and continues
to advocate for product take-back programs and
extended producer responsibility.
3Source: CalRecycle: California’s 2011 Per Capita Disposal Rate 4Source: CalRecycle: California’s Estimated Statewide
Diversion Rates Since 1989
Mixed Residue – 0.6%
Special Waste – 3.9%
HHW – 0.3%
Inerts and
Other – 26.9%
Organic – 34.2%
Paper – 19.2%
Glass – 1.7%
Metals – 4.0%
Electronics – 0.1%
Plastics – 9.0%
13 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
santa Monica’s Waste stream
4. Divert 80% of waste from landfills
Complete and implement the Zero Waste Strategic Plan
Implement short and medium term programs to increase recycling rates
Provide food waste collection for all single family residents, multi-family residents,
restaurants and grocery stores
Adopt a mandatory 75% diversion rate for construction and demolition projects
WAste ReDUCtIon AnD ReCYCLInG
4MEASURE
City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan | DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 14
Low-emission bus powered by natural gas Electric vehicle charging station on the Santa Monica Pier
Santa Monica Bike Center providers bike rentals,
storage and shower facilities in downtown
Big Blue Bus Transit Store
tRAnsPoRtAtIon AnD MoBILItY
Approximately one-third of the city’s carbon
emissions come from the transportation sector, 70
percent of which are attributed to personal driving.
Congestion from seasonal and daily traffic places
increased pressure on the city’s transportation
infrastructure, reduces mobility and increases
emissions.
Getting people out of their single occupancy vehicles
is key to reducing congestion and carbon emissions.
Transportation demand management programs
targeting large employers have been successful in
increasing average vehicle ridership to 1.67 through
carpool and vanpool, and will continue to be a
primary strategy to reduce vehicle miles traveled in
the city.
Enhancing infrastructure to promote alternative
modes such as biking and walking will also reduce
emissions. By 2015, Santa Monica will complete the
5-Year Implementation Plan set out by the Bicycle
Action Plan, adding almost 70 miles of bicycle lanes,
routes and sharrows. The city has also initiated the
creation of a Pedestrian Action Plan to improve
pedestrian safety and upgrade its walking network in
anticipation of Expo Light Rail arrival in Santa Monica
in 2016.
As personal vehicles will continue to be the primary
mode of transportation, encouraging cleaner,
alternative fuels will help reduce pollution and
promote a growing market for low-emission vehicles.
Santa Monica’s network of electric vehicle charging
stations includes more than 125 chargers. These
private and publically accessible locations include
municipal facilities, parking lots and private homes.
Additional locations will encourage electric vehicle
ownership and reduce tailpipe emissions.
Baseline
(2010)
3.4%
0
20
40
60
80
100
12%
25%
37.0
69.0
88.7
20-Year Vision
(2030)
5-Year Implementation Plan
(2015)
Bikeway Lane Mileage
Bicycle Commuting
15 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
Anticipated shift in Bikeway Mileage and Bicycle Commuting (BAP)
5. Reduce daily vehicle miles traveled within the city by 13,000
Expand transportation demand management programs to increase Average Vehicle Ridership
to 1.7
Pilot and implement a car-sharing network by dedicating at least 10 city owned parking spaces
Increase ridership on Big Blue Bus by an additional 200,000 annual boardings
6. Increase biking and walking mode share to 15 percent
Complete 5-year Implementation Plan of the Bicycle Action Plan by establishing a bike-sharing
program and expanding bike network to 69 miles of bike lanes, sharrows and routes
Complete and implement Pedestrian Action Plan
Expand Safe Routes to Schools to include all Santa Monica schools
7. Expand public and private infrastructure to support electric vehicle technology
Update the city’s Building and Zoning Codes and utilize Development Agreements to facilitate
charging station installations
Provide outreach, education and incentives to increase residential infrastructure to 500
220-V chargers
Add 200 publicly accessible electric vehicle chargers at locations communitywide
Chart source: Bike Action PlantRAnsPoRtAtIon AnD MoBILItY
5 6 7MEASURES
oPen sPACe AnD LAnD Use
Land use decisions impact our daily lives by connecting
us to where we go to learn, work and play, thus affecting
greenhouse gas emissions. Santa Monica has a strong
history of balancing the built environment and open
space to satisfy the needs of a changing population,
economic development and a healthy natural ecosystem.
Careful planning can ensure that Santa Monica’s citizens
have easy access to essential services, nature and
recreational opportunities that are distributed equitably
throughout the community.
By focusing growth on local-serving uses and housing,
Santa Monica seeks to promote walkable and bikeable
neighborhoods. Despite projected future growth,
Santa Monica has committed to avoid an increase in
evening rush hour trips in and out of the city. New
development will be served by transit, including the
Expo Line Light Rail, Metro Rapid Bus, and Big Blue
Bus service.
Santa Monica’s urban forest provides valuable
ecosystem services. Trees clean the air, absorb storm
water, save energy and enhance property value.
Increasing the city’s biomass and canopy coverage,
in accordance with the Urban Forest Master Plan, as
well as improving access to active and passive open
space, will enhance the character and aesthetics of
our neighborhoods while eliminating harmful carbon
emissions.
the Value of trees
Trees beautify neighborhoods, increase property
values, reduce noise and air pollution, reduce
urban runoff, create privacy, and establish
bird habitats. They also are a great economic
investment! Santa Monica’s urban forest, totaling
over 34,500 public trees, is the City’s only capital
asset that actually increases in value as it ages
and is valued at well over $159 million dollars!
To better understand the value of trees, Santa
Monica is participating in a first-ever pilot study of
the ability of the City’s urban forest to sequester
carbon. 1,000 newly planted trees will be
monitored over the course of 100 years to measure
the project’s carbon benefit. These trees will
contribute to an effort by the city’s urban forest
that has already stored more than 2 million metric
tons of carbon dioxide and - retained roughly 21
million gallons of stormwater.
17 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
8. Create vibrant mixed use villages that enhance neighborhoods
Focus new development within a ¼ mile of transit-oriented activity centers, open space and
grocery stores
Adopt a Complete Green Streets policy that requires amenities for pedestrians and bicyclists,
promotes walkable neighborhoods and green spaces and calms traffic
9. Expand the age, diversity and number of trees in the urban forest
Plant at least 600 net new trees on public property and encourage planting trees on
private property
Complete the initial phase of the city’s carbon offset pilot project, the first-ever under
the California Air Resources Board’s new urban forest protocol
oPen sPACe AnD LAnD Use
8 9MEASURES
Artistic rendering of mixed-used development at Bergamot Station
*Represents the average amount of electricity used in supply & conveyance, treatment, distribution and wastewater treatment
Without Wastewater
Treatment (outdoor)
With Wastewater
Treatment (indoor)
kWh Per Million
Gallons Produced SM - Treated Water Imported Water
4,419
5,530
11,111
13,022
(Imported water data from California Energy Commission)
Energy Intensity of Water
WAteR ConseRVAtIon AnD eFFICIenCY
Water is a carbon-intensive resource that requires
significant amounts of energy to pump, treat, distribute,
heat for use and treat again as wastewater. In 2012 Santa
Monica’s Council adopted a goal to become 100 percent
water self-sufficient by 2020, ending the use of imported
water during periods of normal, regular demand.
Since 2010, Santa Monica has been able to supply over
50 percent of its water needs locally with the opening
of the remediated Charnock Wells and the Arcadia
Water Treatment Plant, reducing the need to import
energy-intensive water from Northern California and the
Colorado River. This achievement marks a milestone in
the city’s efforts to ensure a steady supply and achieve
water self-sufficiency.
Reducing demand is critical, not only to conserve
a precious resource, but also to avoid the energy
associated with supply and management.
Per capita water use in Santa Monica has decreased
by 14 gallons per person per day since 2010, resulting
in almost 3,400 metric tons of carbon dioxide
emissions avoided annually. As a part of its efforts to
achieve water self-sufficiency by 2020, Santa Monica
will continue to promote water conservation and
efficiency for both indoor and outdoor uses.
25%
43%
27%
5%
Single Family
Residential
Public Landscape
Irrigation
Commercial / Institutional
Multi-Family
Residential
19 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
10MEASURE
WAteR ConseRVAtIon AnD eFFICIenCY
10. Reduce water demand by 200,000 gallons per day
Complete and implement the Water Self-Sufficiency Plan
Implement education and outreach programs and provide rebates for water saving fixtures
and water efficient landscaping to reduce water use by 2 gallons per person per day
santa Monica Water Usage by sector
City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan | DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 20
Santa Monica was the first
city to sign on to the Cool
Foods Pledge, and had
elevated food sustainability
as a priority focus within the
Sustainable City Plan.
LoCAL FooD AnD AGRICULtURe
Conventional food production is recognized as one
of the nation’s largest sources of environmental
degradation. Globally, one-third of greenhouse gas
emissions result from the food system, when accounting
for importation, soil degradation and deforestation.5
While not captured in a traditional sector-based
greenhouse gas emissions inventory, choosing more
sustainable and less-carbon intensive food yields
significant individual and collective benefit.
How we spend our food dollars, as individuals,
businesses, and as a city, can improve the quality of life in
our community, and in the communities where our food
comes from. Eating locally produced, fresh food, and
choosing grains, fruits, and vegetables instead of
meat, has the dual benefits of lowering greenhouse
gas emissions associated with food production and
improving public health.
Santa Monica is committed to supporting
sustainable, local, and organic food through its own
purchasing, and by helping to make sustainable
food more accessible to its residents. The city can
reduce carbon emissions from food by promoting its
four thriving Farmers Markets and limiting municipal
purchasing of meat and dairy products.
5Source: Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research. 2012. Recalibrating Food Production in the Developing World.
Transport
Production
Wholesale / Retail
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
Climate impact (metric tons CO2e/household year) Source: WWF
Red Meat
Dairy Products
Cereals/Carbs
Fruit/Vegetables
Chicken/Fish
Other Misc.
Beverages
Oils/Sweets
21 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
Climate Impact of Food and Agriculture
In 2012, the Santa Monica Farmers’ Markets celebrated their 30th anniversary. Sales are up 5% at four thriving
farmers’ markets that provide access to fresh, locally grown produce to nearly 1,000,000 visitors annually.
11. Reduce consumption of carbon intensive foods
Encourage community to reduce meat and dairy consumption citywide by promoting
Meatless Mondays and the Cool Foods pledge
Commit to reducing meat and dairy purchases by 15% and encourage large institutions
to participate
12. Increase the production and consumption of local food
Increase sales at city-operated farmers markets by 2% annually
11 12
LoCAL FooD AnD AGRICULtURe
MEASURES
Santa Monica is working toward climate
solutions with its municipal vehicle fleet.
MUnICIPAL oPeRAtIons
The city’s operations account for almost 7 percent of all
carbon emissions in the community. Reducing emissions
from its operations presents an opportunity for the city
to lead by example.
Over 70 percent of Santa Monica’s vehicle fleet,
including the Big Blue Bus, Public Works vehicles and
non-emergency police and fire vehicles, are alternatively
fueled. Big Blue Bus, which accounts for close to half of
the city’s municipal emissions, will be run completely on
natural gas by the end of 2013. The city’s fleet continues
to go green as new technology is adopted and older
vehicles are replaced.
Buildings represent the next largest component of
the city’s municipal emissions after its vehicle fleet.
Increases in energy consumption and costs are due
in large part to expansion of facilities operated by
the city. Santa Monica’s Land Use and Circulation
Element recommends achieving Leadership in
Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Gold for all
of its newly constructed buildings. Aggressive efforts
in energy efficiency and conservation will reduce
energy use in existing facilities.
Big Blue Bus
Buildings and
Facilities
Streetlights and
Trac Signals
Water Delivery
Vehicle Fleet
43%
25%
7%
13%
12%
23 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
13MEASURE
MUnICIPAL oPeRAtIons
emission sources from Municipal operations
13. Reduce municipal greenhouse gas emissions
Reduce greenhouse gas emissions from municipal fleet fuel use
i. Convert the Big Blue Bus fleet to 100% natural gas
ii. Implement a car sharing program that will reduce the size of the city’s vehicle fleet
Save one million kWh from buildings and facilities annually through
energy efficiency and conservation
i. Update and adopt a new energy efficiency plan for municipal facilities
ii. Construct all new municipal buildings to achieve LEED Gold level certification or higher
iii. Create a revolving fund program to finance energy efficiency retrofits
iv. Retrofit at 100% of streetlights and traffic signals using LED or induction technology
v. Implement a strategy to reduce energy from electronic equipment, like office printer reductions
Increase use of solar technology on city facilities
i. Install solar thermal systems on the Santa Monica Swim Center and all city fire stations
ii. Install an additional 500 kW of solar photovoltaic capacity on city buildings
CLIMAte MItIGAtIon AnD ADAPtAtIon
Scientific evidence indicates that even if we could halt
greenhouse gas emissions today, the world will still
experience a warming climate for decades to come.
In recent years, California has seen increased average
temperatures, more extreme hot days, fewer cold nights,
longer growing seasons, less winter precipitation and
both snowmelt and rainwater running off sooner in the
year. These climate driven changes will affect resources
critical to the health and prosperity of Santa Monica.
A ground-breaking study on the impacts of climate
change specific to the Los Angeles region revealed that
temperatures are expected to increase 3 to 4 degrees on
average over the next 30 to 50 years in Santa Monica.
The number of hot days experienced throughout
the year is expected to increase as well. The study –
produced by the University of California Los Angeles
for the Los Angeles Regional Collaborative for Climate
Action and Sustainability (LARC), of which Santa
Monica is a member – will continue to analyze other
potential impacts of climate change, including sea
level rise, snowpack and precipitation patterns. As
these scenarios become illuminated, Santa Monica
must understand its current and future vulnerabilities
and create a plan that will prepare the community for
the new realities of a warming planet.
Additionally, the city will periodically monitor
community greenhouse gas emissions, evaluate
progress, and identify new measures and re-examine
associated actions to ensure significant reductions
in greenhouse gas emissions reductions are being
achieved in accordance with the targets established
in the 15x15 Climate Action Plan.
25 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
14 15MEASURES
CLIMAte MItIGAtIon AnD ADAPtAtIon
14. Monitor greenhouse gas emissions
Conduct a greenhouse gas emissions inventory every three years
Develop and implement a data management protocol for greenhouse gas emissions indicators
15. Adapt to the effects of climate change
Conduct a vulnerability assessment evaluating potential threats to the public, environmental
and economic health of the city
Develop a strategic adaptation plan to mitigate the potential negative effects of climate change
Temperatures are expected to increase
3 to 4 degrees on average over
the next 30 to 50 years in Santa Monica.
Source: LARC
We can all do our part!
ConCLUsIon
This Climate Action Plan has laid out 15 measures to be
accomplished by 2015 to reduce emissions 15 percent
below 1990 levels. Santa Monica’s demonstrated success
and ambitious plans for a more sustainable future will
ensure that the City meets and exceeds its target with
momentum to take action beyond 2015.
Setting goals and achieving targets relies on a
willingness to consistently monitor progress and evaluate
effectiveness. While the programs and policies detailed
in this document are projected to collectively achieve
the City’s greenhouse gas reduction target by 2015, their
success remains contingent on a variety of factors like
funding, degree of implementation and community
participation. Monitoring the outcomes of these
activities, in addition to conducting periodic inventories,
will enable the City to reflect upon and adjust its
approach effectively.
Santa Monica will continue to engage the community
by providing educational workshops and rebates,
greening local businesses, hosting community
events, promoting a local economy and establishing
progressive policies. A fully engaged community is
the key to addressing climate change.
Reducing greenhouse gases and becoming more
sustainable is not a singular effort, nor will it happen
quickly. As new technologies develop and as we
learn more about our impact and our ability to
reduce it, we will be able to make choices that will
not only limit carbon emissions but improve our
quality of life.
While governmental agencies can plan for tomorrow,
as individuals we can act today. Our choices to be
healthier, more active, and less dependent on fossil
fuel technology will be the deciding factor in our
ability to avoid a climate catastrophe and ensure a
sustainable future.
Take action.
27 DRAFT FINAL FEBRUARY 2013 | City of Santa Monica | 15x15 | Climate Action Plan
The City of Santa Monica would like to thank the following community members, organizations,
and staff for their contributions in developing this Climate Action Plan.
ACKnoWLeDGeMents
Mark Gold (Chair), UCLA Institute of the Environment and Sustainability
David Hertz, Studio of Environmental Architecture
Robert Lempert, The Rand Corporation
Susan Mearns, Mearns Consulting
Erik Neandross, Glandstein, Neandross and Associates
Bill Selby, Santa Monica College
task Force on the environment
Russell Ackerman, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
Andrew Basmajian, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
James Conway, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
Dean Kubani, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
Susan Munves, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
Brenden McEneaney, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
Kim O’Cain, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
Jaqueline Brooks, Planning and Community Development
Lucy Dyke, Planning and Community Development
Peter Dzewaltowski, Planning and Community Development
Peter James, Planning and Community Development
Rachel Kwok, Planning and Community Development
Judi Masuda, Planning and Community Development
Contributing City staff
Luis Morris, Planning and Community Development
Jory Philips, Planning and Community Development
Beth Rolandson, Planning and Community Development
Francie Stefan, Planning and Community Development
Kim Braun, Resource Recovery and Recycling
Wes Thompson, Resource Recovery and Recycling
Ryan Kraemer, Street and Fleet Services
Carlos Rosales, Engineering Services
Chris Dishlip, Architecture Services
Rick Sikes, Fleet Management
Randy Little, Public Landscape Urban Forest & Community Open Space
Walt Warriner, Public Landscape Urban Forest & Community Open Space
Patrick Campbell, Big Blue Bus
David Cowan, Cowan Communication Arts
Monica Gilchrest, ICLEI
Amruta Sudhalkar, ICLEI
Sally Livingston, Livingston Consulting
(Affiliations of the Task Force members are provided for identification purposes only and are not
intended to represent the endorsement of their organizations.)
Shannon Parry, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
Matt Henigan, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
Garrett Wong, Office of Sustainability and the Environment
Principal Authors
City of Santa Monica
Office of Sustainability and the Environment
200 Santa Monica Pier
Santa Monica, California 90401
sustainablesm.org
CITY OF SANTA MONICA
OAKS INITIATIVE NOTICE
NOTICE TO APPLICANTS, BIDDERS, PROPOSERS
AND OTHERS SEEKING DISCRETIONARY PERMITS, CONTRACTS,
OR OTHER BENEFITS FROM THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA
Santa Monica’s voters adopted a City Charter amendment commonly known as
the Oaks Initiative. The Oaks Initiative requires the City to provide this notice and
information about the Initiative’s requirements. You may obtain a full copy of the Initiative’s
text from the City Clerk.
This information is required by City Charter Article XXII—Taxpayer Protection. It
prohibits a public official from receiving, and a person or entity from conferring, specified
personal benefits or campaign advantages from a person or entity after the official votes,
or otherwise takes official action, to award a “public benefit” to that person or entity. The
prohibition applies within and outside of the geographical boundaries of Santa Monica.
All persons or entities applying or receiving public benefits from the City of Santa
Monica shall provide the names of trustees, directors, partners, and officers, and names
of persons with more than a 10% equity, participation or revenue interest. An exception
exists for persons serving in those capacities as volunteers, without compensation, for
organizations exempt from income taxes under Section 501(c)(3), (4), or (6), of the
Internal Revenue Code. However, this exception does not apply if the organization is a
political committee or controls political committees. Examples of a “public benefit” include
public contracts to provide goods or services worth more than $25,000 or a land use
approval worth more than $25,000 over a 12-month period.
In order to facilitate compliance with the requirements of the Oaks Initiative, the City
compiles and maintains certain information. That information includes the name of any
person or persons who is seeking a “public benefit.” If the “public benefit” is sought by an
entity, rather than an individual person, the information includes the name of every person
who is: (a) trustee, (b) director, (c) partner, (d) officer, or has (e) more than a ten percent
interest in the entity. Therefore, if you are seeking a “public benefit” covered by the Oaks
Initiative, you must supply that information on the Oaks Initiative Disclosure Form. This
information must be updated and supplied every 12 months.
CITY OF SANTA MONICA
OAKS INITIATIVE DISCLOSURE FORM
In order to facilitate compliance with the requirements of the Oaks Initiative, the City
compiles and maintains certain information. That information includes the name of any
person or persons who is seeking a “public benefit.” If the “public benefit” is sought by
an entity, rather than an individual person, the information includes the name of every
person who is: (a) trustee, (b) director, (c) partner, (d) officer, or has (e) more than a ten
percent interest in the entity.
Public benefits include:
1.Personal services contracts in excess of $25,000 over any 12-month period;
2.Sale of material, equipment or supplies to the City in excess of $25,000 over a 12-
month period;
3.Purchase, sale or lease of real property to or from the City in excess of $25,000
over a 12- month period;
4.Non-competitive franchise awards with gross revenue of $50,000 or more in any
12-month period;
5.Land use variance, special use permit, or other exception to an established land
use plan, where the decision has a value in excess of $25,000;
6.Tax “abatement, exception, or benefit” of a value in excess of $5,000 in any 12-
month period; or
7.Payment of “cash or specie” of a net value to the recipient of $10,000 in any 12-
month period.
Name(s) of persons or entities receiving public benefit:
Name(s) of trustees, directors, partners, and officers:
Name(s) of persons with more than a 10% equity, participation, or revenue interest:
Prepared by: ____________________________Title: _____________
Signature: ______________________________________ Date: ________________
Email: ____________________________________ Phone: ____________________
FOR CITY USE ONLY:
Bid/PO/Contract # ____________________________ Permit # ___________________________
DNV GL Energy Services USA, Inc.
Rich Barnes and Xander van der Meijden, Directors
Wendy Tobiasson, President
Xander van der Meijden, Treasurer
Gary Ciavola, Secretary
There are no persons/individuals who own any share of DNV GL Energy Services USA Inc
Xander van der Meijden Treasurer
Xander.vanderMeijden@dnvgl.com 510-891-0446
6/29/2017
REFERENCE –
AGREEMENT NO.
10591 (CCS)