SR 10-25-2016 3L
Ci ty Council
Report
City Council Meeting : October 25, 2016
Agenda Item: 3.L
1 of 7
To: Mayor and City Council
From: Dean Kubani, Assistant Director , Office of Sustainability & the Environment
Subject: Modification to the Water -efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards
Recommended Action
Staff recommends that the City Council adopt the Resolution Updating Water -Efficient
Landscape and Irrigation Standards referenced in Chapter 8.108 Subpart A to
implement new landscaping, irrigation and water conservation requirements .
Executive Summary
The Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation S tandards are a companion document to
the Green Building Ordinance and include prescriptive requirements for the design,
installation, and maintenance of landscapes to reduce water use. The current Green
Building Ordinance , Chapter 8.108 Subpart A and the a ttached proposed 2016 Water -
Efficient Landscape Standards (Standards) (Attachment A), exceed the State’s Model
Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance requirements in order to further reduce landscape
water use by as much as 30% in new development, re -landsca pe projects, and
maintenance of existing landscapes . These proposed changes would allow new
innovative irrigation devices, broaden the use of alternate water supplies , and clarify
specific requirements for the design, installation, and maintenance of publi c and private
landscaping and irrigation. T he companion resolution makes local climatic, geological or
topographical findings which support the adoption of the proposed Standards. These
updates will enable the City to meet established goals for climate an d sustainability
established in the Sustainable City Plan and the Sustainable Water Master Plan.
Background
The City of Santa Monica has a history of adopting local requirements to advance
sustainability in the built environment that exceed state minimum requirements. The
Green Building Ordinance, Subpart A sets definitions and applicability for landscaping
and irrigation regulations in new developments, re -landscape projects and existing
2 of 7
landscaping. The Standards are a companion document to the Green Bui lding
Ordinance and include prescriptive requirements for the design, installation, and
maintenance of landscapes to reduce water use.
On April 22, 2008 , Council adopted the Green Building Ordinance 8.108, Subpart B
relating to landscape and irrigation re gulations that promote the use of climate -
appropriate plants and water -efficient irrigation systems.
On September 10, 2009 , the State adopted the Model Water Efficient Landscape
Ordinance (MWELO) in Chapter 2.7 (commencing with Section 490) of Division 2 of the
Department of Water Resources Title 23 of the California Code of Regulations which
regulates the types of plants and irrigation equipment that can be installed in new or
modified private and public landscape projects that are 2,500 square feet or larger.
On December 8, 2009 , Council adopted modifications to that Ordinance and adopted
the Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards (Standards) to comply with the
State MWELO .
On December 13, 2011 , Council adopted modifications to the Green B uilding Ordinance
to include exemptions for landscapes in registered historical sites, botanical gardens,
and arboretums to clarify definitions and acceptable water -saving equipment.
On April 1, 2015 , the Governor’s Executive Action B -29 -15 required the D epartment of
Water Resources to update the State MWELO through an expedited process to limit the
amount of turf in landscapes and make landscapes more water -efficient.
On July 15, 2015 , the State MWELO was updated in compliance with the Governor’s
Executi ve Action B -29 -15. Santa Monica’s existing Water Efficient Landscape
Ordinance was already as effective as the updated State M WE LO.
On October 27, 2015 , Council adopted modifications to the Green Building Ordinance,
including changing the landscaping requ irements from Subpart B to Subpart A and t o
3 of 7
simplify plan check, ban new sprinkler systems, limit high and moderate water use
plants to no more than 40% of the total landscape area, require dedicated landscape
meters, and require specific types of leak det ection equipment and other irrigation
devices.
Discussion
Over the past year, several homeowners, landscape architects, landscape designers,
irrigation manufacturers, green roof manufactures, and City staff from Public
Landscaping and Engineering Division met with OSE staff to discuss various aspects of
the Standards. All of these individuals and companies wanted to provide solutions to
help themselves and/or others better comply with the intent of the Standards. The
discussions focused on clarification of definitions, applicability, plant choices, and/or
irrigation devices. As a result, OSE staff included their suggestions into an updated
draft . These recommendations were presented to the American Society of Landscape
Architects chapter meeting on July 28 , 2016 and to the Task Force on the Environment
on September 19, 2016. Feedback was incorporated into the proposed Standards found
in Attachment A.
S taff is now proposing minor changes to the Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation
Standards to clarify d efinitions, allow a broader range of new water -saving irrigation
devices, promote non -potable water supplies, and allow the installation of specific plants
and trees appropriate for the climate and local conditions. A landscape that is designed
using these new and existing prescriptive measures ensure that only the most water -
saving devices and climate -appropriate plants are installed. Landscape water budget
calculations based on these requirements show at minimum a 30% savings compared
to traditional lands capes. These changes will provide clear direction to individuals
designing landscapes and those checking plans, would allow for landscape design
flexibility, and encourage the use of innovative water -savings irrigation devices.
Proposed M odifications to t he Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards
Proposed Modification Reason For Proposed Modification
4 of 7
Clarify the water feature definition to
include non -submerged vertical surface
area as part of the 25 square feet
limitation calculation and inclu de pond s to
distinguish it from other water elements in
the landscape.
Clarifying the surface area of water
features provides clear direction to
designers submitting plans. Including
pond s in the definition of a water feature
will distinguish it from ot her water
elements in the landscape and will
eliminate the need for a cover, so that for
instance, a koi pond would not need a
cover to comply with safety regulations.
Allow alternative leak detection devices to
be used in lieu of master valves and flow
sensors for all public and private
landscaping.
New technologies are emerging that
provide effective leak detection
capabilities at lower costs than traditional
equipment currently required in the
Standards.
Require dedicated landscape meters for
all co mmercial landscapes and residential
landscapes with over 5,000 square feet of
irrigated landscape area.
Requiring dedicated landscape meters for
large projects with irrigation may
incentivize customers to save water by
designing landscapes that require l ess
irrigation ; thereby, eliminating the need
for a dedicated irrigation meter .
Dedicated irrigation meters cost about
$2,500.
Allow overhead irrigation for green roof
landscapes when using an approved
alternative water source.
Holistic landscaping incl uding green roofs
can provide multiple benefits such as
increased insulation and stormwater
5 of 7
retention. However, the additional water
use could be offset by using alternate
water supplies such as rainwater. These
systems typically function better with
spray irrigation compared to drip
irrigation.
Only ban locally invasive plant material
that presents a specific threat to Santa
Monica and its surrounding natural
environment.
There are some species of plants that are
listed as invasive plants but have not
proven to have an environmental impact
in Santa Monica, such as Mexican Fan
Palm which is a tree installed in many
public parks, open spaces, and parkways.
Remove ambiguous turf prohibition
language that applies to “narrow and
irregularly shaped” areas t en feet wide or
less.
Clarifies direction for the designer and
plan checker.
Remove precipitation rate limit on
irrigation emission devices for new Public
Landscape and Commercial projects.
Provides design flexibility to allow for
larger selection of h igh -efficiency nozzles
and potential rebate funding.
For trees only, allow stream bubbler
devices that pop up from underground
heads to deliver water at or near ground
level in order to assist tree feeder root
Provides design flexibility to a llow for
larger selection of irrigation devices that
are suited for watering trees efficiently
and effectively.
6 of 7
development.
The proposed modifications listed above would strengthen the ordinance by clarifying
requirements, allowing new and innovative technologies, p romoting alternate water
supplies, and providing clear direction to designers and plan checkers. Lastly, allowing
newer water -saving technologies will provide design, installation, and maintenance
flexibility. The updated Standards and plan submittal check list would be posted on the
City’s website. Training for City staff and landscape professionals would be conducted
after adoption of the Standards. These updates would also be included in the
installation guidelines for the sustainable landscape rebate pro gram.
The attached Green Building Ordinance Evidence of Record 2015 (Attachment B)
summarize s how the City’s Ordinance and Standards comply with the State MWELO
requirements. The Evidence of Record is required when modifications are made to the
Green Bui lding Ordinance, Subpart A and/or the Water -Efficient Landscape and
Irrigation Standards.
Policy Options
As an alternative to adopting these proposed modifications to the Standards, the City
could keep the current Standards or adopt the State Model Water Efficient Landscape
Ordinance. The MWELO includes many of the prescriptive measures in the current and
proposed Standards but sets a lower minimum water savings threshold. The
modifications proposed are minor and would not affect the efficacy of water -sav ings.
They are primarily intended to provide design flexibility and clarification of definitions.
Task Force on the Environment Action
On September 19, 2016, t he Task Force on the Environment unanimously approved the
recommendations listed in this staff report.
Financial Impacts and Budget Actions
There is no immediate financial impact or budget action necessary as a result of the
7 of 7
recommended action.
Prepared By: Kimberly O'Cain, Senior Sustainability Analyst
Approved
Forwarded to Council
Attach ments:
A. Attachment A - 2016 Water Efficient Landscape Standards
B. Attachment B - Green Building Ordinance Evidence of Record 2016 v1
C. Attachment C - Resolution Water Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards
Water -Efficient Landscape and
Irrigation Standards
Revised 10 /25 /2016
The following standards apply to the design, installation and maintenance of
landscape and irrigation systems in the City of Santa Monica per the Santa Monica
Municipal Code (SMMC) 8.108.
These requirements are based on the California Department of Water Resources
State Model W ater Efficient Landscape Ordinance and the Irrigation Association’s
Turf & Landscape Irrigation Best Management Practices , 2014 edition and tailored
to the ordinances, policies and climate of the City of Santa Monica.
Pu blished by the City of Santa Monica
Office of Sustainability and the Environment
www.sustainablesm.org/landscape
Photo by Amy Williams Photography of the Airport Demonstration Garden at 3200
Airport Avenue, Santa Monica, CA 90405
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 2
Contents
Title Page ....................................................................................................................... 1
Section 1: Definitions ................................................................................................ 3 -8
Section 2: New Development Project Plan Submittal Requirements ………….…9 -10
Section 3: New Development Project General Requirements……….………………11
Section 4: Water Feature Requirements ………………………...………………………12
Section 5 : Residential Landscapes ......................................................................... 13
Section 5A: Requirements for Residential New Development Projects……… 13 -18
Section 5B: Modifications to Existing Residential Landscaped Areas Excluding
New Development Projects………………………………………………………….… 19 -22
Section 5C: Maintenance Requi rements for Existing Residential Landscaped
Areas…………………………………………………………………….…………….……… 23
Section 6: Commercial Landscapes ........................................................................ 24
Section 6A: Requirements for Commercial New Development Projects …...…25 -33
Section 6B: Modifications to Existing Commercial Landscaped Areas Excluding
New Development Projects………………………………………………….……….…34 -39
Section 6C: Maintenance Requirements for Existing Commercial Landscaped
Areas………………………………………………………………………………..….………40
Section 7: City of Santa Monica Public Landscape……………………………………41
Section 7 A: Requirements for City of Santa Monica Public Landscape New
Development Projects ……………………………………………………………...……42 -48
Se ction 7 B: Modif ications to Existing City of Santa Monica Public Landscape
Areas Excluding New Development Projects ……………..………………….….…49 -52
Section 7 C: Maintenance Requirements for City of Santa Monica Public
Landscape Areas ……..………………………………………………………………………53
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 3
S ection 1: Definitions
For purposes of the Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards, the following
words or phra ses shall be defined as follows :
A. Alternate Water Supply or Source. Non -potable water supply such as, but not
limited to, graywater, municipal recycled water, rainwater, and urban runoff .
B. Anti -Siphon Valve. Backflow device configured with a single moving part, a float,
which moves up or down to allow atmospheric air into the piping system to prevent back
siphoning of water from irrigation lines into the drinking water . M ust be installed at least
six inches (6”) above the highest sprinkler, elevated piping or emission outlet.
C. Artificial turf. A surface of synthetic fibers made to look like natural grass.
D. As -builts . A set of reproducible drawings which show significant changes in the
work made during construction and which are usually based on drawings marked up in
the field and other information furnished by the contractor.
E. A utomatic I rrigation C ontroller . A n automatic timing device used to remotely
control valves that operate an irrigation system. Automatic irrigation controllers are able
to self -adjust and schedule irrigation events using either evapotranspiration (weather -
based) or soil moisture data.
F. B ackflow P revention D evice . A safety device used to prevent pollution or
contamination of the water supply due to the reverse flow of water from the irrigation
system.
G. Bubbler. Water emission device that tends to bubb le water directly to the ground
or that throw water a short distance, on the order of one foot, (300 mm) before water
contacts the ground surface at a flow rate of half gallon per minute (0.50 gpm) or less .
H. Certified I rrigation D esigner. A person certified to design irrigation systems by
an accredited academic institution, a professional trade organization or other program
such as , but not limited to, the US Environmental Protection Agency’s WaterSense
I rrigation D esigner C ertification prog ram and Irrigation Association’s Certified Irrigation
Designer program.
I. C heck V alve or A nti -drain V alve . A one -way valve located in an irrigation
system, including but not limited to, the lateral line, sprinkler head, or drip emitter ,
designed to hold water in the system to prevent drainage from the system when the
remote control valve is deactivated .
J. C ompost . T he safe and stable product of controlled biologic decomposition of
organic materials that is beneficial to plant growth .
K. Container Plant ing . Pots or containers, not permanently installed, containing soil
for growing plants.
L. Commercial Landscape . Landscapes associated with commercial, industrial, and
institutional properties , and mixed -use development projects.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 4
Section 1: Definitions
M. Drip Irrigation. Method of micro irrigation wherein water is applied to the soil
surface as drops or small streams through emitters on or within polyethylene tubing at a
rate of two (2 ) g allons p er h our or less .
N. Drip Irrigation Zone. The landscape area irrigated by a drip irrigation system.
O. Drip Irrigation System. All the equipment required to convey water to a drip
irrigation zone including but not limited to the backflow prevention assembly, valve, filter,
pressure regulator, pipe, lateral line, tubing, emitters, stakes a nd flushing mechanis m.
P. Edible P lants. Plants grown for the sole purpose of being consumed as food by
human beings.
Q. Emission outlet or emission device. A watering device or location where water
is discharging from an emitter or watering device .
R. E st ablishment P eriod. T he first six to eight weeks after installing p lant material in
the landscape area, containers, or planters .
S. Existing Landscapes. A landscape area in which the plant material ha s
developed significant root growth after one year.
T. Flow sensor. A n inline device installed at the supply point of the irrigation system
that produces a repeatable signal proportional to flow rate. Flow sensors must be
connected to an automatic irrigation controller, or flow monitor capable of receiving flo w
signals and operating master valves.
U. Graywater. U ntreated wastewater that has not been contaminated by any toilet
discharge, has not been affected by infectious, contaminated, or unhealthy bodily wastes,
and does not present a threat from contamination by unhealthful processing,
manufacturing, or operating wastes. Graywater includes, but is not limited to, wastewater
from bathtubs, showers, bathroom washbasins, clothes washing machines, and laundry
tubs, but does not include wastewater from kitchen sink s or dishwashers.
V. Green Roof. A roof of a building that is partially or completely covered with
vegetation and a growing medium planted over a waterproof membrane.
W. Hydrozone. A portion of the landscaped area having plants that are grouped
according to similar water needs based on microclimate, irrigation type , and plant water
requirements among other factors.
X. Impermeable Hardscape . Any form of pavement or other surface which is not
designed to permit water to pass through it to the soil below.
Y. Instituti onal Landscapes. Commercial l andscapes associated with a private
school, church, hospital or public institution.
Y.Z. Irrigated Landscape. Any portion of the landscape area that contains a water
emission outlet or emission device , such as sprinkler heads or drip irrigation systems , and
any area that receives water from such outlet or device .
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 5
Section 1: Definitions
Z.AA. Irrigation System. Any system, excluding water features , for distribution of water
through a pressurized system within the landscape area, including but not limited to any
system in which any portion is installed below grade or affixed to any structure.
AA. Landscape Area. Means all water features and the planting areas irrigated with a
permanent , temporary, or non -permanent irrigation system which could include turf areas,
planter beds, green roofs or walls, planters, raised beds and vegetated paths. It also
includes pervious hardscapes (sidewalks, driveways, decks , patios, gravel or stone walks )
and other non -irrigated areas designated for non -development (e.g., open spaces and
existing native vegetation). The landscape area does not include footprints of buildings or
structures, non -pervious sidewalks, driveways, parking lots, parkways, decks, patios,
walks, other non -pervious hardscapes.
BB. Landscape water service meter. A n inline device installed at the irrigation point of
connection that measures the flow of water into the irrigation system to record water use.
“Dedicated” landscape water service meters are installed and maintained by the City of
Santa Monica.
CC. Landscaping. Modification of the ground surface , planters, containers or raised
beds with live planting materials such as trees, shrubs, turf, groundcover or other
horticultural materials; as well as non -living materials such as , but not limited to, artificial
turf, mulch, permeable hardscape, or stone.
DD. Lateral line. T he water delivery pipeline that supplies water downstream from the
valve to the emitters or sprinklers.
EE. Maintenance. The upkeep of any landscaped area, landscaping or irrigation
system.
FF. Manual S hut -off Valve. A valve manually operated and installed at the irrigation
point of connection which controls water flow into the irrigation system and w hen closed ,
water will not be supplied to the irrigation system to minimize water loss in case of an
emergency (such as a main line break) or to perform repairs.
GG. Master S hut -off V alve . A n automatic valve installed at the irrigation point of
connection upstream from the remote control valves which controls water flow into the
irrigation system and w hen c losed , water will not be supplied to the remote control valves
to minimize water loss when excessive flow conditions from a leak or b roken emission
device are detected by a flow sensing device .
HH. Micro -Spray. Method of low pressure, low volume micro -irrigation in which water is
applied in a very fine spray or stream.
II. Mixed -Use Development. The development of a parcel or building with two or more
different land uses such as, but not limited to, a combination of residential, office,
manufacturing, retail, public or entertainment in a single or physically integrated group of
structures as defi ned by Section 9.04.02.030.500.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 6
Section 1: Definitions
JJ. Modifications. Replacement or addition to any existing landscaping or irrigation
system.
KK. Mulch . Any organic material such as leaves, bark, wood chips, straw, compost, or
inorganic mineral materials such as rocks, gravel, and decomposed granite left loose and
applied to the soil surface for the beneficial purposes of reducing evaporation, suppressing
weeds, moderating soil temperature, and preventing soil erosion.
LL. Multi Outlet Emitter. A point source emission device consisting of two or more
drip emitters connected to one quarter inch (1/4 ”) or one eighth inch (1/8 ”) distribution
tubing.
MM. New Development. New construction projects as defined by Article 9 of the Santa
Monica Municipal Code .
NN. Overhead Irrigation. Method of irrigation in which the water is sprayed, or
sprinkled, through the air to the ground surface , including but not limited to spray heads,
rotors, and micro -sprays .
OO. Parkway. The portion of the public right -of -way as defined by Section 7.24.030 of
this Code.
PP. Peak Demand Month . Month with highest reference evapotranspiration and least
amount of rainfall.
QQ. Permeable Hardscape. Any form of pavement or other surface that allows the
passage of water and air through the material and into the underlying soil, such as but
not limited to, driveways, walkways, patios, streets and alleys.
RR. Plant F actor or Plant W ater U se F actor . A factor , when multiplied by the
reference evapotranspiration (ETo ), estimates the amount of water needed by plants. For
purposes of th ese Standards , the plant factor range for very low water use plants is 0 to
0.1, the plant factor ran ge for low water use plants is 0.1 to 0.3, the plant factor range for
moderate water use plants is 0.4 to 0.6, and the plant factor range for high water use
plants is 0.7 to 1.0. Plant factors cited in this ordinance are derived from the California
Departm ent of Water Resources (DWR) publication Water Use Classification of
Landscape Species. Plant factors may also be obtained from horticultural researchers
from academic institutions or professional associati ons as approved by (DWR).
SS. Plant Material. Living p lants, trees, shrubs, groundcovers , grasses , bulbs and
edible plants excluding those made from plastic or man -made products .
TT. Planter. P ermanently installed p lanting structures with an impermeable bottom
and drain, excluding green roofs.
UU. Point of Connection . Location where irrig ation system is connected to the water
supply.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 7
Section 1: Definitions
VV. Pond. A human -controlled body of water , artificial lake, or reservoir used to provide
aquaculture purposes and is not intended for human swimming, wadding or body
emersion .
WW. Plantable Landscape Area. Any areas containing plant material wh ich could
include but is not limited to turf areas, planter beds, green roofs or walls, planters, raised
beds and vegetated paths. It also includes pervious hardscapes like sidewalks, driveways,
decks, patios, gravel or stone walks and other areas designated for non -development (e.g.,
open space s and existing native vegetation). The plantable landscape area does not
include pools, spas, ponds, and water features .
WW.XX. Precipitation Rate. The rate at which water is applied to a landscape area
by an irrigation system or watering device measured in inches per hour. Also known as
the application rate.
XX.YY. Public Right -of -Way. As defined by SMMC Section 6.28.020.
YY.ZZ. PVC. Polyvinyl chloride.
ZZ.AAA. Raised Be d. A planting bed that has been raised above the surface of the
ground, typically enclosed by some type of barrier such as wood or stones, for the intent
of growing edible plants.
AAA.BBB. R ecreational A rea . Landscape a r eas, excluding residential areas,
designated for active play, recreation , and public assembly such as in parks, sports fields,
picnic grounds, and amphitheaters .
BBB.CCC. Recreational Turfgrass. Landscape areas, excluding residential areas,
ded icated to active play such as courtyards, parks, sports fields , and golf courses where
turf provides a surface for active play and public assembly .
CCC.DDD. Remote Control Valve. Valve which is actuated by an automatic controller
by electric or hydraulic means.
DDD.EEE. Residential L andscape. L andsc apes associated with single and multi -family
homes or units .
EEE.FFF. Soil M oisture S ensing D evice or Soil M oisture S ensor. A device that
measures the amount of water in the soil. The device may also suspend or initiate an
irrigation event.
FFF.GGG. Soil T exture. The classification of soil based on its percent age of sand, silt,
and clay.
GGG.HHH. Spray H ead . A s prinkler head that does not rotate.
HHH.III. Sprinkler. Any watering device which distributes water by projecting it into
the air.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 8
Section 1: Definitions
III.JJJ. Sprinkler Irrigation Zone. The landscape area irrigated by a sprinkler irrigation
system.
JJJ.KKK. Sprinkler Irrigation System. All the equipment required to convey water
to a sprinkler irrigation zone including but not limited to the backflow prevention assembly,
valve, pipe, lateral line, risers, swing joint, and spri nkler or spray head.
KKK.LLL. Subsurface Drip Irrigation : Drip irrigation installed below grade.
LLL.MMM. Turfgrass. Also called turf or lawn. Any plant material listed as turf in
WUCOLS or a ground cover surface of mowed grass. Annual bluegrass, Kentucky
bluegrass, Perenni al ryegrass, Red fescue, and Tall fescue are cool -season grasses.
Bermudagrass, Kikuyugrass, Seashore Paspalum, St. Augustinegrass, Zoysiagrass, and
Buffalo grass are warm -season grasses.
MMM.NNN. Urban Runoff. Water and suspended or dissolved materials deposited on
surfaces and washed by storms or other sources of flowing water, through the flood
control system.
NNN.OOO. Water Feature. A design element in which open water performs an
aesthetic or recreational function. Water features may include waterfalls, fountains, and
streams, where water is artificially supplied. Constructed wetlands used for on -site
wastewater treatment or stormwater best management practices that are not irrigated and
are used solely for water tr eatment or stormwater retention are not water features. Ponds,
H h ot tub s , spa s , permanent swimming or wading pool s are not considered water features.
OOO.PPP. Watering Device. Any device for distribution of pressurized water to
landscaping.
PPP.QQQ. WUCOLS. Water Use Classification of Landscape Species , an evaluation
of the irrigation water use needs of select plants, published by the California Department
of Water Resources.
QQQ.RRR. Valve. A device that opens and closes to allow pressurized water to flow
through pipes.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 9
Section 2 : New Development Project Plan Submittal Requirements
The following items will be required prior to the issuance of a building permit for all new
development projects . Any revisions to the city -approved plans will require re -submittal
and approval. Do not include landscape plants, hardscape , or irrigation systems within
the parkway on the plan set .
A. General Plan requirements
a. Cover Sheet With Required Plan Submittal Notations *
Construction P lan *
b. Landscape Plan ting Plan with construction and planting details and
specifications *
Landscape Planting Detail and Specification Plan *
c. Landscape Elevation Drawings * (optional for Single Family Homes )
d. Hydrozone Matrix **
e. Irrigation Plan with details and specifications **
I rrigation D etail and S pecifications Plan **
* Must bear the signature of a licensed architect, licensed landscape architect, licensed
landscape contractor, licensed engineer or any other person authorized to design a
landscape. (See Sections 5500.1, 5615, 5641, 5641.1, 5641.2, 5641.3, 5641.4, 5641.5,
5641.6, 6701, 7027.5 of the Business and Professions Code, Section 832.27 of Title16
of the California Code of Regulations, and Section 6721 of the Food and Agriculture
Code.)
** Must bear the signature of a certified irrigation designer, licensed architect, licensed
landscape architect, licensed landscape contractor, licensed engineer or any other
person authorized to design a landscape. (See Sections 5500.1, 5615, 5641, 5641.1,
5641.2, 5641.3, 5641.4, 5641.5, 5641.6, 6701, 7027.5 of the Business and Professions
Code, Section 832.27 of Title 16 of the California Code of Regulations, and Section 6721
of the Food and Agricultural Code.)
B. Plan requirements for landscapes without permanent automated irrigation
systems
a. Lands capes installing new plant material but without a permanen t,
automated irrigation system , where water is accessed only through a hose
bib or quick coupler connection, are not required to submit a hydrozone
matrix , an irrigation plan, or an irrigation detail and specifications plan . On
the L andscape Planting Plan add this note : “No permanent, automated
irrigation system to be installed. Any f uture irrigation system installation
will require a full landscape plan submittal for City of Santa Monica review
and approval prior to installation .”
b. I ndividual single family dwellings installing no new landscaping, other than
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 10
Section 2: New Development Project Plan Submittal Requirements
mulch and artificial turf, and no new irrigation system, shall be required
only to submit a construction plan with this note: “No new permanent,
automated irrigation system to be installed. A minimum 3 inch (3”) layer
of mulch shall be applied on all exposed so il surfaces of existing planting
areas except in turf areas, over creeping or rooting groundcovers, or in
direct seeding applications , where mulch is not appropriate. Any revisions
to approved plans will require re -submittal and approval and must comply
wi th the current Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards. Call
(310) 458 -8405 to schedule an inspection .”
i. If designating insect habitat, up to five percent (5%) of the
landscape area may be left without mulch . Designated insect
habitat must be clearly identified on the construction plan .
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 11
Section 3: New Development Project General Requirements
A. Any revisions to approved plans will require re -submittal and approval by City
staff prior to installation .
B. Contact all appropriate utility companies prior to beginning installation, to locate
underground utilities including gas lines, electrical, telephone, cable, and so forth.
State laws require anyone who digs to notify utility companies before starting.
The installation should not be started until all underground utilities are located
and marked and plans have been approved.
C. Install the irrigation system according to the approved design, specifications and
manufacturer's published performance standards.
D. Open Trench Inspection
a. An open -trench inspection by City staff is required prior to covering below
grade pipes, laterals , and mains. The designer of the landscape , or their
designee, and general contractor performing the installation must attend
the open trench inspec tion.
E. Prior to Final Inspection
a. Installer shall test the irrigation system to verify that it meets the approved
design and specifications.
b. Installer must program the irrigation controller.
F. Final I nspection
a. A final inspection by City staff is required prior to C ertificate of O ccupancy
to ensure that the system was built to approved plans and specifications.
The following items will be required at final inspection prior to the issuance
of a Certificate of Occupancy:
i. Post -install ation s oil test results which must contain the percentage
(%) of organic matter ; may also include but is not limited to soil
texture; infiltration rate or soil texture infiltration rate table; pH; total
soluble salts; sodium; and recommendations determined by
laboratory test. Exception: Landscapes contained entirely in
planters are exempt from this requirement.
ii. A detailed irrigation controller map must be installed inside or near
the irrigation controller with at minimum a description for each zone
includi ng : plant material, watering device, valve or station num ber,
run time for peak demand month and precipitation rate.
iii. Irrigation schedules including establishment period start and end
dates, must be posted inside the irrigation controller housing unit by
the installer .
iv. Electronic submission of an As -Built set of plans to the City is
required if requested by City inspector.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 12
Section 4 Water Feature Requirements
A. Any outdoor water feature installed in any landscaped area after the effective
date of these Standards shall:
a. Use a water recirculation system;
b. Not have any water that is sprayed into the air visibly land outside the
water features; and
c. Not have any water spray or run onto surrounding landscape or
impermeable hardscape areas.
B. The total cumulative surface area of all water features on a site may not exceed
25 square feet unless the feature uses water from an approved alternative water
source and delivery system. The total cumulative surface area of all water
features includes both vertical and horizontal non -submerged surface areas of
the water features.
C. Existing water features may be repaired but the cumulative surface area may not
increase.
D. Public agencies shall be exempt from this requirement.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 13
Section 5 :
Residential Landscapes
Photo by Amy Williams Photography
Section 5 A: Residential Landscapes: Requirements for Residential N ew
Development Projects ………………………………………………………..….pgs 14 -1 9 8
Section 5 B: Residential Landscapes: Modifications to Existing Residential
Landscape Areas …….………………….…………………………………… pgs 20 19 -2 4 2
Section 5 C: Residential Landscapes: Maintenance Requirements for Existing
Residential Landscaped Areas.…………………………….………………… pg 2 5 3
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 14
Section 5 A : Residential Landscapes
Requirements for Residential New Development Projects
A. Plant Material Requirements
a. The total maximum area permitted for installation of turfgrass and high
water need plants defined for Region 3 in the current edition of the Water
Use Classification for Landscape Species (WUCOLS) issued by the
California Department of Water Resources (DWR) is twenty percent (20 %)
of the total plantable landscape d area , including existing plant material .
Alternative documentation of water use from horticultural researchers at
academic institutions or professional associations as approved by DWR
may be presented for plants not listed in WUCOLS.
b. The total cumulative landscape area of all high and moderate water using
plants , including existing plant material, shall not exceed forty percent
(40%) of the total plantable landscape area , excluding e dibles and areas
watered with an approved alternate water supply .
c. Turfgrass , including existing plant material, is not allowed on slopes
greater than twenty -five percent (25%) where the toe of the slope is
adjacent to an impermeable hardscape and where twenty -five percent
(25%) means one foot (1 ’) of vertical elevation change for every four feet
(4 ”) of horizontal length (rise divided by run x 100 = slope %).
Turfgrass , including existing plant material, is prohibited in narrow,
irregularly shaped spaces with an average width of ten feet (10’) or less.
d. Plant material categorized as ‘High’ listed in the current Invasive Plant
Inventory for the southwest region by the California Invasive Plant Council
or listed for the South Coast region by the PlantRight organization are
prohibited , including existing plant material, except for known non -fruiting,
non -invasive, sterile varieties , cultivars or selections . Plants listed as
noxious weeds by th e California Dept. of Food & Agriculture are
prohibited.
e. Plant material shall be grouped together into hydrozones based on similar
watering needs.
B. Amendments and Mulch Requirements
a. For landscape installations, compost at a rate of a minimum of four cubic
yards (4 yd 3 ) per one thousand square feet (1000 ft 2 ) of permeable area
shall be incorporated to a depth of six inches (6”) into the soil. Soils with
greater than six percent (6%) organic matter in the top six inches (6”) of
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 15
Section 5A: Residential Landscapes
Requirements for Residential New Development P rojects
soil are exempt from adding compost and tilling. A post installation soil test
must show a six percent (6%) organic matter content or greater.
b. A minimum three inch (3”) layer of mulch shall be applied on all exposed
soil surfaces of planting areas except in turf areas, over creeping or
rooting groundcovers, or in direct seeding applications where mulch is not
appropriate . To provide habitat for b eneficial insects and other wildlife, up
to five percent (5%) of the landscape area may be left without mulch.
Designated insect habitat must be clearly identified on the construction or
landscape plan.
c. No mu lch shall be applied within six inches (6 ”) of the base of trees .
d. No plant material shall be installed within twenty -four (24”) inches of the
base of a tree.
e. Areas designated as mulch on approved landscape plans, including areas
covered b y wood chips, gravel, stone, decomposed granite, and areas
designated as artificial turf on approved landscape plans cannot be
replaced with turfgrass or high water use plants as defined in the current
edition of WUCOLS , once mulch or artificial turf has been installed .
C. I rrigation System Requirements
a. General Irrigation Requirements
i. All existing sprinklers and spray heads shall be removed .
ii. The installation of new sprinkler irrigation systems are prohibited ,
including parkways . Exception: Micro -sprays not exceeding thirty
g allons per hour (30 gph) may be used on areas solely dedicated to
edible plants.
iii. Hoses used for irrigation shall be equipped with an automated, shut
off nozzle.
iv. H ose bibb s shall be equipped with cross -connection c ontrol a built -
in pressure vacuum breaker .
v. D rip irrigation and bubblers must be on separate valves.
vi. Design landscape and irrigation systems in parkways according to
all local, state, and federal laws and regulations . Installation of an
irrigation system within a parkway cannot result in the damage of
the roots of any existing street trees.
vii. Trees shall be irrigated on a separate valve unless the tree is
located in a planter.
viii. Graywater irrigation systems must conform to Chapter 16 of the
California Plumbing Code .
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 16
Section 5 A: Residential Landscapes
Requirements for Residential New Development Projects
ix. Root vegetables shall not be irrigated with graywater.
x. Alternate water supply irrigation systems must conform to all local,
state, and federal laws and regulations.
xi. Low -head drainage is prohibited. Anti -drain valves or check valves
in drip emitter devices are required to prevent low -head drainage.
xii. Static water pressure, dynamic or operating pressure and flow
reading of the water supply shall be measured at the point of
connection. These pressure and flow measurements shall be
conducted at the design stage. If the measurements are not
available at the design stage, the measurements shall be
conducted at installation.
xiii. Sp ecify pressure regulation to e nsure that the dynamic pressure at
each emission device is within the manufacturer’s recommended
pressure range for optimal performance. If the water pressure is
below the recommended pressure of the specified irrigation
devices, the installation of a pressure regulating device is not
required.
xiv. Pressure regulation may include a single master p ressure regulator
and may be used for the entir e system if the dynamic pressure at
each emission device has the same manufacturer’s recommended
pressure range for optimal performance. I t must be located after the
master backflow prevention device , if present .
xv. A single large capacity master filter may be used but must be
located after the master backflow prevention device and master
pressure regulator , if present .
b. Water Supply, Meter & Valve Requirements
i. Label all types of water proposed including potable and alternative
water supplies per local, state and federal laws and regulations .
ii. Manual shut -off valves (such as a gate valve, ball valve, or butterfly
valve) shall be required, as close as possible to the point of
connection of the water supply.
iii. A m aster shut -off valve is required f or all automatic irrigation
systems except in systems that make use of technologies that allow
for leak detection and control or the individual control of sprinklers
that are individually pressurized in a system equipped with low
pressure shut down features. A master shut off valve show be
installed as close as possible to the point of connection of the water
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 17
Section 5 A: Residential Landscapes
Requirements for Residential New Development Projects
supply but upstream from the remote control valve(s) which
control(s) water flow into the irrigation zones.
iii.iv. Cross -Connection Prevention (Backflow Prevention) as required by
SMMC Section 7.12.370.
iv.v. D edicated landscape water service meter s shall be installed on
residential landscape areas with greater than five thousand square
feet (5,000 ft 2 ) of irrigated landscape .
v.vi. A flow sensor that detects high flow conditions created by system
damage or malfunction is required for all automatic irrigation
systems except in systems that make use of technologies that allow
for leak detection and control .
vi.vii. All irrigation valves must be appropriately tagged and labelled in
accordance with all local, state , and federal laws and regulations .
vii.viii. Valve box es , if installed, must be large enough to service irrigation
equipment inside and be installed over a layer of coarse stone o r
gravel while maintaining an air space between valves and the layer
of stone.
c. Pipe Requirements
i. Specify main and lateral pipe sizes that will result in the velocity of
water moving through these pipes at a rate not exceeding five f eet
(5 ’) p er s econd for pipes under three inch (3”) in diameter and not
exceeding seven feet (7’) per second for pipes three inch (3”) or
greater in diameter .
ii. Use Schedule 40 or Class 315 solvent weld -type PVC pipe for
mains , below grade laterals, or piping under roadways. Class 125
pipe is not permitted.
iii. IPS f lexible PVC p ipe or flexible HDPE pipe may be substituted for
rigid PVC pipe below grade in lateral lines only to avoid
underground obstructions encountered during trenching or
tunneling.
iv. U se Schedule 40 UV resistant PVC , Schedule 80 PVC or metal
piping for all above grade pipes .
v. Pipe in the same trench must be laid side -by -side and not
overlapped. Provide three inch (3”) vertical and horizontal
clearance between irrigation lines and six inch (6”) clearance
between lines of other work. Do not install parallel lines directly
over any other line.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 18
Section 5 A: Residential Landscapes
Requirements for Residential New Development Projects
vi. PVC fittings must be of the same chemical compound as pipe on
which they are insta lled.
vii. PVC cement must be have the proper adhesive value for the pipe
on which it is used.
viii. Backfill shall not have rocks or debris greater than half inch (½”) in
size next to the pipe.
ix. Under vehicle paving or sidewalks, install a sleeve made of
permanent r igid material (PVC Sch 40 or Class 160) that is twice
the size of the pipe it will hold and should extend one foot (1’)
beyond the edge of the hard surfaces.
x. Properly i dentify any applicable alternative water supply discharge
piping, system components an d area(s) of distribution.
xi. Trench or tunnel depth must be sufficient to obtain a minimum
depth of cover over the installed pipe and control wire which
conforms to the follo wing dimensions. Where pipe and/or conduit
are placed below paving or hardscape , the minimum burial depths
are:
Pressure Lines ≤2 inches in landscaping 12 inch
Pressure Lines >2 inches in landscaping 18 inch
Pressure Lines under non -vehicular paving 18 inch
Pressure Lines under vehicular paving 24 inch
Non -pressure Lines ≤2 inches in landscaping 12 inch
Non -pressure Lines >2 inches in landscaping 12 inch
Non -pressure Lines under non -vehicular paving
12 inch
Non -pressure Lines under vehicular paving 18 inch
Conduit in landscaping 12 inch
Conduit under non -vehicular paving 18 inch
Conduit under vehicular paving 24 inch
d. Automatic Irrigation Controller Requirements
i. Refer to the California Green Building Standards Code (Cal Green)
e. Drip Irrigation Requirements
i. If installing new irrigation zones or systems, drip irrigation is
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 19
S ection 5 A: Residential Landscapes
Requirements for Residential New Development Projects
required for all plant material.
1. Exception:
a. Sub -surface tree bubblers or stream bubblers
installed on a pop -up spr inkler body emitting half a
gallon per minute (0.5 gpm) or less may be used for
trees of a size twenty -four inch (24”) box or larger. A
maximum of two (2) bubblers per tree . Bubblers must
have fixed emission outputs and cannot be variable or
adjustable.
a.b. Green roof landscape installation s may use
overhead irrigation with an alternative water source
authorized by law .
ii. Drip irrigation shall have a minimum operational emission uniformity
of eighty -one percent (81%).
iii. Drip irrigation emitters shall emit no more than two gallons per hour
(2 gph).
iv. Multi -outlet emitters are prohibited.
v. Only c ontainer p lantings , raised beds, and edible plant areas
irrigated with micro -spray may use one quarter inch (1/4 ”) or one -
eight h inch (1/8 ”) solid tubing (also referred to as “spagh etti tubing ”).
vi. Drip irrigation valve assemblies are required for each drip irrigation
zone and must include:
1. Anti -siphon valve , if a master backflow protection device is
not specified ;
2. In -line remote control valves only if there is a master
backflow prevention device at the p oint of c onnection ;
3. P ressure regulator , if a master pressure regulator for the
entire irrigation system is not specified ;
4. F ilter with a one hundred -fifty to two hund red (150 – 200 )
mesh, wye or tee filter , if a master filter for the entire
irrigation system is not specified ;
5. Pressure regulator and remote control valve must have a
minimum flow rate that is lower than the zone flow rate.
vii. A flushing mechanism for each drip irrigation zone is required .
viii. For sub -surface drip irrigation zones , an operational indicator is
required .
ix. Wire stakes shall be U -shaped galvanized steel wire stakes and
shall be installed at minimum every three feet (3’).
x. Drip tubing shall be made of polyethylene or PVC.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 20
Section 5 B : Residential Landscape s
Modifications to E xisting Residential L andscaped Areas Excluding New
Development Projects
There is no landscape permit or plan submittal requirement. The following
requirements apply when new plant materials and/or irrigation are installed on
existing landscapes or existing plant materials and/or irrigation are replaced :
A. Plant Material Requirements For Modified Lan d scaped Areas
i. The total square footage of turfgrass and high water need plants
defined for Region 3 in the current edition of the Water Use
Classification for Landscape Species (WUCOLS) issued by the
Department of Water Resources (DWR) shall not exceed eighty
percent (80%) of the plantable landscape area . Alternative
documentation of water use from horticultural researchers at
academic institutions or professional associations as approved by
DWR may be presented for plants not listed in WUCOLS.
ii. T urfgrass installations are not allowed on slopes greater than four
percent (4%) where the toe of the slope is adjacent to an
impermeable hardscape or property line and where four percent
(4%) means one foot (1’) of vertical elevation change for every
twenty -five feet (25 ’) of horiz ontal length (rise divided by run x 100
= slope %).
T urfgrass installations are prohibited in narrow, irregularly shaped
spaces with an average width of ten feet (10 ’) or less.
iii. Plant material categorized as ‘High’ listed in the current Invasive
Plant Inventory for the southwest region by the California Invasive
Plant Council or listed for the South Coast region by the PlantRight
organization are prohibited, except for known non -fruiting, non -
invasive, sterile varieties , c ultivars or selections . Plants listed as
noxious weeds by the California Dept. of Food & Agriculture are
prohibited.
iv. When replacing diseased or dead plant materials , these plants may
be replaced in kind or may be replaced with plant materials that
have low er water needs, as rated in the current edition of the Water
Use Classification of Landscape Species published by the
California Department of Water Resources, or equivalent
documentation.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 21
Section 5 B: Residential Landscape s
Modifications to Existing Residential Landscaped Areas Excluding New
Development Projects
B. Amendments and Mulch Requirements For Modified Landscaped Areas
i. A minimum three inch (3”) layer of mulch shall be applied on all
exposed soil surfaces of planting areas except in turf areas, over
creeping or rooting groundcovers, or in direct seeding applications
where mulch is not appropriate. To provide habitat for beneficial
insects and other wildlife, up to five percent (5%) of the landscape
area may be left without mulch.
ii. No mulch shall be applied within six inches (6 ”) of the base of trees.
iii. No plant material shall be installed within twenty -four (24”) inches of
the base of a tree.
C. Irrigation System Requirements For Modified Lan d scaped Areas
a. Requirements for New Irrigation Systems or Replacement of Existing
Irrigation Systems
i. The installation of new sprinkler irrigation systems are prohibited ,
including parkways. Exception: Micro -sprays not exceeding thirty
g allons p er h our (30 gph) may be used on areas solely dedicated to
edible plants.
ii. Hoses used for irrigation shall be equipped with an automated, shut
off nozzle.
iii. H ose bibbs shall be equipped with cross -connection control a built -
in pressure vacuum breaker .
iv. All new irrigation systems must conform to SMMC Section 7.12.370
Cross -Connection Prevention and SMMC Section 7.16.020 Water
Conservation Requirements.
v. Specify pressure regulation to e nsure that the dynamic pressure at
each emission device is within the manufacturer’s recommended
pressure range for optimal performance.
vi. Pressure regulation may include a single master pressure regulator
and may be used for the entire syste m if the dynamic pressure at
each emission device has the same manufacturer’s recommended
pressure range for optimal performance. It must be located after the
master backflow prevention device, if present.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 22
Section 5 B: Residential Landscape s
Modifications to Existing Residential Landscaped Areas Excluding New
Development Projects
vii. A single large capacity master filter may be used but must be
located after the master backflow prevention device and master
pressure regulator, if present.
viii. Low -h ead drainage is prohibited. Anti -drain valves or check valves
in sprinkler heads and drip emitter devices are required to prevent
low -head drainage.
ix. Design landscape and irrigation systems in parkways according to
all local, state, and federal laws and regulations . Installation of an
irrigation system within a parkway cannot result in the damage of
the roots of any existing street trees.
x. Alternate water supply irrigation systems must conform to all local,
state, and federal laws and regulations.
xi. Ro ot vegetables shall not be irrigated with graywater.
xii. For new plant material where a new irrigation system is installed for
that hydrozone, the irrigation system must be a drip irrigation
system.
1. E xception:
a. Sub -surface tree bubblers or stream bubblers
installed on a pop -up spr inkler body emitting half a
gallon per minute (0.5 gpm) or less may be used for
new tree sizes twenty -four inch (24”) box or larger. A
maximum of two (2) bubblers per tree. Bubblers must
have fixed emission outputs and cannot be variable or
adjustable.
b. Mi cro -sprays not exceeding thirty gallons per hour (30
gph) may be used on areas solely dedicated to new
edible plants.
b.c. Green roof landscape installations may use
overhead irrigation with an alternative water source
authorized by law .
xiii. For existing plant material where a new irrigation system is installed
for that hydrozone, the irrigation system must be a drip irrigation
system.
1. Exception:
a. Sub -surface tree bubblers or stream bubblers
installed on a pop -up sprinkler body emitting half a
gallon per minute (0.5 gpm) or less may be used for
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 23
Section 5B: Residential Landscapes
Modifications to Existing Residential Landscaped Areas Excluding New
Development Projects
tree sizes twenty -four inch (24”) box or larger. A
maximum of two (2) bubblers per tree. Bubblers must
have fixed emission outputs and cannot be variable or
adjustable. Micro -sprays not exceeding thirty gallons
per hour (30 gph) may be used on areas solely
dedicated to edible plants.
b. Green roof landscape installations may use overhead
irrigation with an alternative water source authorized
by law .
xiv. Newly planted trees shall be irrigated on a separate irrigation valve
unless in a planter or where the existing irrigation layout makes it
impractical. Sub -surface tree bubblers or stream bubblers installed
on a pop -up sprinkler body emitting half a gallon per
minute (0.5 gpm) or less may be used for tree sizes twenty -four
inch (24”) box or larger. A maximum of two (2) bubblers per tree.
Bubblers must have fixed emission outputs and cannot be variable
or adjustable.
xv. Drip Irrigation Zone :
1. The installation of new d rip irrigation systems require drip
valve assemblies for each drip irrigation zone and must
include:
a. Anti -siphon valve if a master backflow protection
device is not specified ;
b. In -line remote control valves only if there is a master
backflow prevention device at the P oint of connection ;
c. P ressure regulator if a master pressure regulator is
not specified for the entire irrigation system ;
d. Filter with a one hundred -fifty to two hundred (150 –
200) mesh, wye or tee fi lter, if a master filter for the
entire irrigation system is not specified ;
e. Pressure regulator and remote control valve must
have a minimum flow rate that is lower than the zone
flow rate.
2. A flushing mechanism for each new drip irrigation zone is
required.
3. For subsurface drip irrigation zones , an operational indicator
is required.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 24
Section 5B: Residential Landscapes
Modifications to Existing Residential Landscaped Areas Excluding New
Development Projects
xvi. Drip Tubing:
1. Drip tubing shall be made of polyethylene or PVC.
2. Drip irrigation emitters shall emit no more than two gallons per
hour (2gph).
3. Only c ontainer p lantings , raised b eds and edible plant areas
irrigated with micro -spray may use one quarter inch (1/4”) or
one e ight h inch (1 /8 ”) solid tubing (also referred to as
“spaghetti ” tubing).
4. Wire stakes shall be U -shaped galvanized steel w ire stakes
and installed every three feet (3’).
5. The installation of multi -outlet emitters is prohibited.
D. Automatic Irrigation Controller Requirements
Refer to the California Building Standards Code (Cal Green).
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 25
S ection 5 C : Residential Landscape s
Maintenance Requirements for Existing Residential Landscaped Areas
A. General Maintenance Requirements
a. Irrigation systems must be maintained according to the manufacturers’
specifications and in accordance with all local, state and federal laws and
regulations.
b. When replacing diseased or dead plant materials, replacements may be in
kind or may be replaced w ith plant materials that have low er water needs,
as rated in the current edition of the Water Use Classification of
Landscape Species published by the California Department of Water
Resources, or equivalent documentation.
B. Requirements for Replacement of E xisting Sprinkler Heads and Sprinkler
Systems
a. Individual s prinkler heads , nozzles or valves in need of repair may be
replaced ; however , t he installation of a new sprinkler irrigation system is
prohibited , including parkways . Exception: Micro -sprays not exceeding
thirty g allons p er h our (30gph) may be installed on areas solely dedicated
to edible plants.
b. All replaced sprinkler heads on the same valve shall have matched
precipitation rates.
c. Repaired s p rinkler irrigation zones shall have a minimum operational
lower quarter distribution uniformity of seventy -five percent (75 %).
d. Irrigation shall not runoff nor overspray onto impermeable surfaces
including but not limited to buildings, fencing, property line, public right -of -
way.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 26
Section 6 :
Commercial Landscapes
Photo by Amy Williams Photography
Section 6 A: Commercial Landscapes: Requirements for Commercial New
Development Projects …………………………………………………………pgs 2 7 6 -3 4 3
Se ction 6 B: Commercial Landscapes: Modif ications to Existing Commercial
Landscaped Areas Excluding New Development
Projects ……………………………………………………………………….… pgs 3 5 4 -40 3 9
Section 6 C: Commercial Landscapes: Maintenance Requirements for Existing
Commercial Landscaped
Areas …………………………………………………………………………………… pg 4 1 0
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 27
Section 6 A : Commercial Landscapes
Requirements for Commercial New Developments
A. Plant Material Requirements
a. Turfgrass and high water need plants , including existing plant material,
defined for Region 3 in the current edition of the Water Use Classification
for Landscape Species (WUCOLS) issued by the Department of Water
Resources (DWR) are prohibited , excluding areas watered by graywater ,
captured rain on site or other approved alte rnative water sources.
Alternative documentation of water use from horticultural researchers at
academic institutions or professional associations as approved by DWR
may be presented for plants not listed in WUCOLS.
i. Exception:
1. Institutional landscapes and M ixed -U se D evelopment
projects may install recreational turfgrass areas .
a. High water using turf grass as defined by WUCOLS is
not allowed on slopes greater than four percent (4%)
where the toe of the slope is adjacent to an
impermeable hardscape or pro perty line and where
four percent (4%) means one fo ot (1’) of vertical
elevation change for every twenty -five feet (25’) of
horizontal length (rise divided by run x 100 = slope
%).
b. Turfgrass is prohibited in narrow, irregularly shaped
spaces with an average width of ten feet (10’) or less.
b. The total maximum area permitted for installation of moderate water need
plants , including existing plant material, defined for Region 3 in the current
edition of the WUCOLS issued by the Department of Water Resources is
thirty percent (30 %) of the total plantable landscape d area, excluding
edibles and areas watered with recycled water or other approved
alternative water sources . Alternative documentation of water use from
horticultural researchers at academic institutions or professional
associations as approved by DWR may be presented for plants not listed
in WUCOLS.
c. Plant material categorized as ‘High’ listed in the current Invasive Plant
Inventory for the southwest region by the California Invasive Plant Council
or listed for the South Coast region by the PlantRight organization ,
including existing plant material, are prohibited, except for known non -
fruiting , non -invasive, sterile varieties or cultivars or selections. Plants
listed as noxious weeds by the California Dept. of Food & Agriculture are
prohibited.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 28
Section 6 A: Commercial Landscapes
Requirements for Commercial New Developments
d. Plant material shall be grouped together into hydrozones based on similar
watering needs.
B. Amendments and Mulch Requirements
a. For landscape installations, compost at a rate of a minimum of four cubic
yards (4 yd 3 ) per one thousand square feet (1,000 ft 2 ) of permeable area
shall be incorporated to a depth of six inches (6”) into the soil. Soils with
greater than six percent (6%) organic matter in the top six inches (6”) of
soil are exempt from adding compost and tilling. A post installation soil test
must show a six percent (6%) organic matter content or greater.
b. A minimum three inch (3”) layer of mulch shall be applied on all exposed
soil surfaces of planting areas except in turf areas, over creeping or
rooting groundcovers, or in direct seeding applications where mulch is not
appropriate. To provide habitat for beneficial insects and other wildlife, up
to five percent (5%) of the landscape area may be left without mulch.
Designated insect habitat must be clearly identified on the construction or
landscape plan.
c. No mulch shall be applied within six inches (6 ”) of the base of trees.
d. No plant material shall be installed within twenty -four (24”) inches of the
base of a tree.
e. Areas designated as mulch on approved landscape plans, including areas
covered by wood chips, gravel, stone and decomposed granite, and areas
designated as artificial turf on approved plans cannot be replaced with
turfgrass or high water use plants as defined in the current edition of
WUCOLS, once mulch or artificial turf has been installed.
C. Irrigation System Requirements
a. General Irrigation Requirements
i. All existing sprinklers and spray heads shall be removed.
ii. T he installation of new sprinkler irrigation system s are prohibited,
including parkways.
1. Exception s :
a. Micro -sprays not exceeding thir ty g allons p er h our
(30gph) may be used on areas solely dedicated to
edible plants.
b. R ecreational turfgrass areas for Institutional and
Mixed -Use Development project landscapes. Must be
designed and installed in such a manner that a
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 29
Section 6 A: Commercial Landscapes
Requirements for Commercial New Developments
precipitation rate of one inch (1”) per hour is not
exceeded unless using approved alternate water
supply irrigation system.
b.c. Green roof landscape installations may use
overhead irrigation with an alternative water source
authorized by law .
iii. Hoses used for irrigation shall be equipped with an automated, shut
off nozzle.
iv. Hose bibbs shall be equipped with cross -connection control a built -
in pressure vacuum breaker .
v. Sprinkler, drip irrigation , and bubblers must be on separate valves.
vi. Design landscape and irrigation systems in parkways according to
all local, state, and federal laws and regulations. Installation of an
irrigation system within a parkway cannot result in the damage of
the roots of any existing street trees.
vii. Trees shall be irrigated on a separate valve unless the tree is
located in a planter.
viii. Graywater irrigation systems must conform to Chapter 16 of the
California Plumbing Code .
ix. Root vegetables shall not be irrigated with graywater.
x. Alternative water supply irrigation systems must conform to all
local, state, and federal laws and regulations.
xi. Low -head drainage is prohibited. Anti -drain valves or check valves
in sprinkler heads and drip emitter devices are required to preven t
low -head drainage.
xii. Static water pressure, dynamic or operating pressure and flow
reading of the water supply shall be measured at the point of
connection. These pressure and flow measurements shall be
conducted at the design stage. If the measurements ar e not
available at the design stage, the measurements shall be
conducted at installation.
xiii. Specif y pressure regulation to e nsure that the dynamic pressure at
each emission device is within the manufacturer’s recommended
pressure range for optimal perform ance. If the water pressure is
below the recommended pressure of the specified irrigation
devices, the installation of a pressure regulating device is not
required.
xiv. Pressure regulation may include a single master pressure regulator
and may be used for the entire system if the dynamic pressure at
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 30
Section 6 A: Commercial Landscapes
Requirements for Commercial New Developments
each emission device has the same manufacturer’s recommended
pressure range for optimal performance. It must be located after the
master backflow device, if present.
xv. A single large capacity grade master filter may be used but must be
located after the master b ackflow device and master pressure
regulator, if present .
b. Water Supply , Meter & Valve Requirements
viii.ix. Label all types of water proposed including potable and alternative
water supplies per local, state and federal laws and regulations .
ix.x. Manual shut -off valves (such as a gate valve, ball valve, or butterfly
valve) shall be required, as close as possible to the point of
connection of the water supply.
x.xi. A master shut -off valve is required for all automatic irrigation
systems except in systems that make use of technologies that allow
for leak detection and control or the individual control of sprinklers
that are individually pressurized in a system equipped with low
pressure shut down features. A master shut off valve show be
installed as close as possible to the point of connection of the water
supply but upstream from the remote control valve(s) which
control(s) water flow into the irrigation zones.
i. Cross -Connection Prevention (Backflow Prevention) as required by
SMMC Section 7.12.370.
ii. Dedicated landscape w ater service meters shall be installed on
commercial landscape areas , unless landscape area is completely
contained in a planter(s) or containers .
iii. A flow sensor that detects high flow conditions is required for all
automatic irrigation systems except in systems that make use of
technologies that allow for leak detection and control .
iv. All irrigation valves must be appropriately tagged and labelled in
accordance with all local, county and state laws and regulations .
v. Any valve or set of valves i nstalled below grade shall be enclosed
in a valve box. Valve boxes must be large enough to service
irrigation equipment inside and be installed over a layer of coarse
stone or gravel while maintaining an air space between valves and
the layer of stone.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 31
S ection 6 A: Commercial Landscapes
Requirements for Commercial New Developments
c. Pipe Requirements
i. Specify main and lateral pipe sizes that will result in the velocity of
water moving through these pipes at a rate not exceeding five feet
(5’) per second for pipes under three inch (3”) in diameter and not
exceeding seven feet (7’) per second for pipes th ree inch (3”) or
greater in diameter.
ii. Use Schedule 40 or Class 315 solvent weld -type PVC pipe for
mains, below grade laterals, or piping under roadways. Class 125
pipe is not permitted.
iii. IPS flexible PVC pipe or flexible HDPE pipe may be substituted for
r igid PVC pipe below grade in lateral lines only to avoid
underground obstructions encountered during trenching or
tunneling.
iv. Use Schedule 40 UV resistant PVC , Schedule 80 PVC or metal
piping for all above grade pipes.
v. Pipe in the same trench must be laid s ide -by -side and not
overlapped. Provide three inch (3”) vertical and horizontal
clearance between irrigation lines and six inch (6”) clearance
between lines of other work. Do not install parallel lines directly
over any other line.
vi. PVC fittings must be of the same chemical compound as pipe on
which they are installed.
vii. PVC cement must have the proper adhesive value for the pipe on
which it is used.
viii. Backfill shall not have rocks or debris greater than half inch (½”) in
size next to the pipe.
ix. Under vehicle paving or sidewalks, install a sleeve made of
permanent rigid material (PVC Sch 40 or Class 160) that is twice
the size of the pipe it will hold and should extend one foot (1’)
beyond the edge of the hard surfaces.
x. Properly i dentify any appli cable alternative water supply discharge
piping, system components and area(s) of distribution;
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 32
S ection 6 A: Commercial Landscapes
Requirements for Commercial New Developments
xi. Trench or tunnel depth must be sufficient to obtain a minimum
depth of cover over the installed pipe and control wire which
conforms to the following dimensions. Where pipe and/or conduit
are placed below paving or hardscape the minimum burial depths
are:
Pressure Lines ≤2 inches in landscaping 12 inch
Pressure Lines >2 inches in landscaping 18 inch
Pressure Lines under non -vehicular paving 18 inch
Pressure Lines under vehicular paving 24 inch
Non -pressure Lines ≤2 inches in landscaping 12 inch
Non -pressure Lines >2 inches in landscaping 12 inch
Non -pressure Lines under non -vehicular paving
12 inch
Non -pressure Lines under vehicular paving 18 inch
Conduit in landscaping 12 inch
Conduit under non -vehicular paving 18 inch
Conduit under vehicular paving 24 inch
d. Automatic Irrigation Controller Requirements
i. Refer to the California Green Building Standards Code (Cal Green)
e. Sprinkler Irrigation Requirements for Institutional and Mixed Use
Development Landscapes with Recreational Turfgrass Areas
i. Must be designed and installed in such a manner that a
precipitation rate of one inch (1”) per hour is not exceeded unless
using approved alternate water supply irrigation system .
ii.i. Sprinklers shall have a minimum operational lower quarter
distribution uniformity of seventy -five percent (75 %).
iii.ii. No sprinklers shall be located within twenty -four inches (24 ”) of any
trees or impermeable hardscape, including but not limited to
sidewalks, driveways, alleys, streets, walkways, fencing .
Irrigation shall not runoff nor overspray onto impermeable surfaces
including but not limited to buildings, fencing, property line, public
right -of -way.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 33
Se ction 6 A: Commercial Landscapes
Requirements for Commercial New Developments
iv.iii. Sprinkler heads on the same valve shall have matched p recipitation
rates.
v.iv. Sprinkler heads with or without multi -stream, multi -trajectory
rotating nozzles, shall have built -in pressure regulation in the body
or stem or shall have pressure regulating swing joints.
vi.v. Sprinkle r heads shall have swing joints or other riser -protection
components.
vii.vi. Sprinkler heads must have a minimum of head -to -head coverage
(minimum of fifty percent (50%) of diameter). Wind de -rating, if
used, should be based on wind criteria for the time period t hat the
system is normally operated.
f. Drip Irrigation Requirements
i. If installing new irrigation zones or system , d rip irrigation is required
for all plant material .
1. Exceptions:
a. Sub -surface tree bubblers or stream bubblers
installed on a pop -up spr inkler body emitting half a
gallon per minute (0.5 gpm) or less may be used for
new trees of a size twenty -four inch (24 ”) box or
larger. A m aximum of two (2 ) bubblers per tree.
Bubblers must have fixed emission outputs and
cannot be variable or adjustable.
b. Recreational turfgrass in Institutional and Mixed -Use
Development project landscapes.
c. Micro -sprays not exceeding thirty gallons per hour
(30gph) may be used on areas solely dedicated to
new edible plants.
c.d. Green roof landscape installations may use
overhead irrigation with an alternative water source
authorized by law .
ii. Drip Irrigation Zone:
1. The installation of new drip irrigation systems require drip
valve assemblies for each drip zone and must include:
a. Anti -siphon valve if a master backflow pro tection
device is not specified;
b. In -line remote control valves only if there is a master
backflow prevention device at the Point of connection;
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 34
Section 6 A: Commercial Landscapes
Requirements for Commercial New Developments
c. Pressure regulator if a master pressure regulator is
not specified for the entire irrigation system;
d. Filter with a one hundred -fifty to two hundred (150 –
200 mesh ), wye or tee filter if a master filter for the
entire irrigation system is not specified;
e. Pressure regulator and remote co ntrol valve must
have a minimum flow rate that is lower than the zone
flow rate.
2. Drip irrigation shall have a minimum operational lower
quarter emission uniformity of eighty -one percent (81%).
3. A flushing mechanism for each new drip irrigation zone is
requi red.
4. For subsurface drip irrigation zones an operational indicator
is required.
iii. Drip Tubing:
1. Drip tubing shall be made of polyethylene or PVC .
1. Drip irrigation emitters shall emit no more than two gallons per
hour (2gph).
2. Only c ontainer p lantings , r aised b eds and edible plant areas
irrigated with micro -spray may use one quarter inch (1/4 ”) or
one eighth inch (1/8 ”) inch solid tubing (also referred to as
”spaghetti ” tubing).
3. Wire stakes shall be U -shaped galvanized steel wire stakes
and installed every thre e feet (3’).
4. M ulti -outlet emitters are prohibited.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 35
Section 6 B : Commercial Landscape s
Modifications to Existing Landscaped Areas Excluding Commercial New
Development
Permits and submittal of plans may be required under certain circumstances.
The following requirements apply when new plant materials or irrigation are
installed on an existing landscape or existing plant materials or irrigation are
replaced:
A. Plant Material Requirements For Modified Lan d scaped Areas
a. The installation of new t urfgrass and high water need plants defined for
Region 3 in the current edition of the Water Use Classification for
Landscape Species (WUCOLS) issued by the Department of Water
Resources (DWR) is prohibited , excluding areas watered by graywater,
captured rain on site or other approved alternative water sources.
Alternative documentation of water use from horticultural researchers at
academic institutions or professional associations as approved by DWR
may be p resented for plants not listed in WUCOLS.
i. Exception:
1. Institutional and Mixed -Use Development projects may
install new recreational turfgrass areas.
a. High water using turf grass as defined by WUCOLS is
not allowed on slopes greater than 4% where the toe
of the slope is adjacent to an impermeable hardscape
or property line and where four percent (4%) means
one foot (1’) of vertical elevation change for every
twenty -five feet (25’) of horizontal length (rise divided
by run x 100 = slope %).
b. Turfgrass is pro hibited in narrow, irregularly shaped
spaces with an average width of ten feet (10’) or less.
b. Plant material categorized as ‘High’ listed in the current Invasive Plant
Inventory for the southwest region by the California Invasive Plant Council
or listed for the South Coast region by the PlantRight organization are
prohibited, except for known non -fruiting, non -invasive, sterile varieties or
cultivars or selections. Plants listed as noxious weeds by t he California
Dept. of Food & Agriculture are prohibited.
c. Root vegetables shall not be irrigated with graywater .
d. When replacing diseased or dead plant materials, replacements may be in
kind or may be replaced with plant materials that have lower water needs,
as rated in the current edition of the Water Use Classification of
Landscape Species published by the California Department of Water
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 36
Section 6 B: Commercial Landscapes
Modifications to Exis ting Landscaped Areas Excluding Commercial New
Development
Resources, or equivalent documentation.
B. Amendments and Mulch Requirements For Modified Lan d scaped Areas
a. A minimum three inch (3”) layer of mulch shall be applied on all exposed
soil surfaces of planting areas except in turf areas, over creeping or
rooting groundcovers, or in direct seeding applications where mulch is not
appropriate. To provide habitat for b eneficial insects and other wildlife, up
to five percent (5%) of the landscape area may be left without mulch. No
mu lch shall be applied within six i nches (6 ”) of the base of trees.
b. No plant material shall be installed within twenty -four (24”) inches of the
base of a tree.
c. No mulch shall be applied within six inches (6”) of the base of trees.
C. Irrigation System Requirements For Modified Lan d scaped Areas
a. General Irrigation System Requirements
i. The installation of new sprinkler irrigation systems are prohibited ,
including parkways .
1. Exception:
a. Micro -sprays not exceeding thirty gallons per hour (30
gph) may be used on areas solely dedicated to edible
plants.
b. Recreational turfgrass areas of Institutional and
Mixed -Use Development project landscapes. M us t be
designed and installed in such a manner that a
precipitation rate of one inch (1”) per hour is not
exceeded unless using approved alternate water
supply irrigation system .
ii. Hoses used for irrigation shall be equipped with an automated, shut
off nozzle.
iii. Hose bibbs shall be equipped with cross -connection control a b uilt -
in pressure vacuum breaker .
iv. All new irrigation systems must conform to SMMC Section 7.12.370
Cross -Connection Prevention and SMMC Section 7.16.020 Water
Conservation Requirements.
v. Specify pressure regulation to ensure that the dynamic pressure at
each emission device is within the manufacturer’s recommended
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 37
Section 6 B: Commercial Landscapes
Modifications to Existing Landscaped Areas Excluding Commercial New
Development
pressure range for optimal performance. If the water pressure is
below the recommended pressure of the specified irrigation
devices, the installation of a pressure regulating device is not
required.
vi. Pressure regulation may include a single master pressure regulato r
and may be used for the entire system if the dynamic pressure at
each emission device has the same manufacturer’s recommended
pressure range for optimal performance. It must be located after the
master backflow device, if present.
vii. A single large capacit y grade master filter may be used but must be
located after the master backflow device and master pressure
regulator, if present.
viii. Design landscape and irrigation systems in parkways according to
all local, state, and federal laws and regulations. Installation of an
irrigation system within a parkway cannot result in the damage of
the roots of any existing street trees.
ix. Low -head drai nage is prohibited. Anti -drain valves or check valves
in sprinkler heads and drip emitter devices are required to prevent
low -head drainage.
b. Requirements for New Irrigation Systems or Replacement of
Existing Irrigation Systems
i. For new plant material where a new irrigation system is installed for
that hydrozone, the irrigation system must be a drip irrigation
system.
1. Exception:
a. Sub -surface tree bubblers or stream bubblers
installed on a pop -up sprinkler body emitting half a
gallon per minute (0.5 gpm ) or less may be used for
new tree sizes twenty -four inch (24”) box or larger. A
maximum of two (2 ) bubblers per tree. Bubblers must
have fixed emission outputs and cannot be variable or
adjustable.
b. Micro -sprays not exceeding thi rty g allons p er h our
(30gph) may be used on areas solely dedicated to
new edible plants.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 38
Section 6 B: Commercial Landscapes
Modifications to Existing Landscaped Areas Excluding Commercial New
Development
c. Sprinkler irrigation may be used on new recreational
turfgrass areas . only but must be designed and
installed in such a manner that a precipitation rate of
one inch (1”) per hour is not exceeded unless using
approved alternate water supply irrigation system .
d. Green roof landscape installations may use overhead
irrigation with an alternative water source authorized
by law.
ii. For existing plant material where a new irrigation system is installed
for that hydrozone, the irrigation system must be a drip irrigation
system.
1. Exception:
a. Sub -surface tree bubblers or stream bubblers
installed on a pop -up sprinkler body emitting half a
gallon per minute (0.5 gpm) or l ess may be used for
tree sizes twenty -four inch (24”) box or larger. A
maximum of two (2 ) bubblers per tree. Bubblers must
have fixed emission outputs and cannot be variable or
adjustable.
b. Micro -sprays not exceeding thirty g allons p er h our (30
gph) may be used on areas solely dedicated to edible
plants.
c. Sprinkler irrigation may be used on recreational
turfgrass areas only but must be designed and
installed in such a manner that a precipitation rate of
one inch (1 ”) per hour is not exceeded unless using
approved alternate water supply irrigation system .
c.d. Green roof landscape installations may use
overhead irrigation with an alternative water source
authorized by law.
iii. Newly planted trees shall be irrigated on a sep arate irrigation valve
unless located in a planter. Sub -surface tree bubblers or stream
bubblers installed on a pop -up sprinkler body emitting half a gallon
per minute (0.5 gpm ) or less may be used for tree sizes twenty -four
inch (24 ”) box or larger. A maximum of two (2 ) bubblers per tree.
Bubblers must have fixed emission outputs and cannot be variable
or adjustable.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 39
Section 6 B: Commercial Landscapes
Modifications to Existing Landscaped Areas Excluding Commercial New
Development
iv. Drip Irrigation Zone:
1. The installation of new drip irrigation systems require drip
valve assemblies for each drip zone and must include:
a. Anti -siphon valve if a master backflow protection
device is not specified;
b. In -line remote control valves only if there is a master
back flow prevention device at the Point of connection;
c. Pressure regulator if a master pressure regulator is
not specified for the entire irrigation system;
d. Filter with a one hundred -fifty to two hundred (150 –
200 mesh ), wye or tee filter if a master filter fo r the
entire irrigation system is not specified;
e. Pressure regulator and remote control valve must
have a minimum flow rate that is lower than the zone
flow rate.
2. A flushing mechanism for each new drip irrigation zone is
required.
3. For subsurface drip irrigation zones an operational indicator
is required.
v. Drip Tubing:
1. Drip tubing shall be made of polyethylene or PVC
2. Drip irrigation emitters shall emit no more than two gallons per
hour (2 gph).
3. Only c ontainer p lantings . r aised b eds and edible plant areas
irrigated with micro -spray may use one quarter inch (1/4 ”) or
one eighth inch (1/8 ”) solid tubing (also referred to as
”spaghetti ” tubing).
4. Wire stakes shall be U -shaped galvanized steel wire stakes
and installed every three feet (3 ’).
5. M ulti -outlet emitters are prohibited.
c. Requirements for Replacement of Existing S prinkler Heads on
Institutional and Mixed Use Development Projects with R ecreational
Turfgrass Areas
i. Sprinklers shall have a minimum operational lower quarter
distribution uniformity of seventy -five percent (75 %).
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 40
Section 6B: Commercial Landscapes
Modifications to Existing Landscaped Areas Excluding Commercial New
Development
ii. Irrigation shall not runoff nor overspray onto impermeable surfaces
including but not limited to buildings, fencing, property line, public
right -of -way.
iii. When a sprinkler head is changed, all of the sprinkler heads on the
same irrigation valve must be chan ged to the same manufacturer
make and type.
iv. All replaced sprinkler heads on the same valve shall have matched
precipitation rates.
v. All replaced sprinkler heads must have a minimum head -to -head
coverage (minimum of fifty percent (50%) of diameter). Wind
d e -rating, if used, should be based on wind criteria for the time
period that the system is normally operated.
vi. All replaced sprinkler heads, with or without multi -stream, multi -
trajectory rotating nozzles, shall have built -in pressure regulation in
the body or stem or shall have pressure regulating swing joints.
vii. All replaced sprinkler heads shall have swing joints or other riser -
protection components.
d. Automatic Irrigation Controller Requirements
i. Refer to the California Building Standar ds Code (Cal Green).
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 41
Section 6 C : Commercial Landscape s
Maintenance Requirements for Existing Commercial Landscaped Areas
A. General Maintenance Requirements
a. Irrigation systems must be maintained according to the manufacturers’
specifications and in accordance with all local, state and federal laws and
regulations.
b. When replacing diseased or dead plant materials, replacements may be in
kind or may be replaced with plant materials that have lower water needs,
as rated in the curre nt edition of the Water Use Classification of
Landscape Species published by the California Department of Water
Resources, or equivalent documentation.
B. Requirements for Replacement of Existing Sprinkler Heads
a. Individual sprinkler heads , nozzles and valves in need of repair may be
replaced however the installation of a new sprinkler irrigation system is
prohibited.
i. Exception:
1. Micro -sprays not exceeding thirty g allons per hour (30 gph)
may be used on areas solely dedicated to edible plants.
2. Recreational turfgrass areas of Institutional and Mixed -Use
Development project landscapes.
a. M ust be designed and installed in such a manner that
a precipitation rate of one inch (1 ”) per hour is not
exceeded unless using approved alternate water
supply irrigation system.
b. Sprinkler irrigation zones shall have a minimum operational lower quarter
distribution uniformity of seventy -five percent (75 %).
c. All replaced sprinkler heads on the same valve shall have matched
precipitation rates.
d. Irrigation shall not runoff nor overspray onto impermeable surfaces
including but not limited to buildings, fencing, property line, public right -of -
way.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 42
Section 7 :
City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Photo by Tim Street Porter
Section 7 A: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes: Requirements for C ity of
Santa Monica Public Landscape New Development
Projects ………………………………………………..………..…………….…pgs 4 3 2 -4 9 8
Se ction 7 B: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes: Modif ications to Existing
City of Santa Monica Public Landscape Areas Excluding New Development
Projects …………………………………………………………………………..pgs 50 49 -5 3 2
Section 7 C: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes: Maintenance Requirements
for City of Santa Monica Public Landscape
Areas ……..………………………………………………………….……………….. pg 5 4 3
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 43
Section 7 A : City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Requirements for New Landscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
New Landscaping Requirements - The following requirements apply when
landscape is design ed for and installed by City of Santa Monica Public
Landscape Areas , including but not limited to parks, open spaces, and medians :
A. Landscape and Irrigation Design
a. The Dir ector of Public Works may specify plant material, soil amendments
or irrigation device requirements for new public landscape sites that
reduce overall water use on the site, including new plant cultivars ,
products , or technolo gies that may be used in pilot demonstration project s
to verify best management practices.
B. Plant Material Requirements
a. Turfgrass defined for Region 3 in the current edition of the Water Use
Classification for Landscape Species (WUCOLS) issued by the
Department of Water Resources shall be limited to recreational turfgrass
areas only. All other plant material with the exception of tr ees, shall have
an average plant factor of 0 .4 or below.
b. Turfgrass is prohibited in public street medians and narrow , irregularly
shaped s paces with an average width of ten feet (10 ’) or less.
c. Plant material s categorized as ‘High’ listed in the current Invasive Plant
Inventory for the southwest region by the California Invasive Plant Council
or listed for the South Coast region by the PlantRight organization are
prohibited, except for known non -fruiting, non -invasive, sterile varieties or
cultivars or selections. Plants listed as noxious weeds by the California
Dept. of Food & Agriculture are prohibited.
d. Plants shall be grouped together into hydrozones . Maximize the number of
hydrozones based on plant water needs, soil infiltration rates , water
windows, and the hydraulic demands of the irrigation system.
C. Amendments and Mulch Requirements
a. For landscape installations, compost at a rate of a minimum of four cubic
yards (4 yd 3 ) per one thousand square feet (1,000 ft 2 ) of permeable area
shall be incorporated to a depth of six inches (6”) into the soil. Soils with
greater than six percent (6%) organic matter in the top six inches (6”) of
soil are exempt from adding compost and tilling. A post installation soil test
must show a six percent (6%) organic matter content or greater.
b. A minimum three inch (3”) layer of mulch shall be applied on all exposed
soil surfaces of planting areas except in turf areas, over creeping or
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 44
Section 7A: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Requirements for New Lan dscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
rooting groundcovers, or in direct seeding applications where mulch is not
appropriate. To provide habitat for beneficial insects and other wildlife, up
to five percent (5%) of the landscape area may be left wit hout mulch.
Designated insect habitat must be clearly identified on the construction or
landscape plan.
c. No mulch shall be applied within six inches (6 ”) of the base of trees.
d. Organic mulch shall be applied in a minimum two foot (2’) radius around
the tree base .
e. No plant material shall be installed within twenty -four (24”) inches of the
base of a tree.
D. Irrigation System Requirements
a. General Irrigation Requirements
i. Irrigation systems must be designed and installed in such a manner
that a precipitation rate of one inch (1 ”) per hour is not exceeded in
any portion of the landscape unless using approved alternate water
supply irrigation system.
ii.i. Sprinklers, drip irrigation and bub blers must be on separate valves.
iii.ii. Graywater irrigation systems must conform to Chapter 16 of the
California Plumbing Code
iv.iii. Approved alternate water supply irrigation systems must conform to
all local, state, and federal laws and regulations.
v.iv. Low -head drainage is prohibited. Anti -drain valves or check valves
in sprinkler heads or drip emitter devices are required to prevent
low -head drainage.
vi.v. Specify pressure regulation to e nsure that the dynamic pressure at
each emission device is within the manufa cturer’s recommended
pressure range for optimal performance.
vii.vi. For drip irrigation zones, p ressure regulation may include a single
master pressure regulator and may be used for the entire system,
and must be located after the master backflow device. P ressure
regulators that can tolerate constant pressurization must be used.
viii.vii. For drip irrigation zones, a single large capacity grade master filter
may be used but must be located after the master backflow device
and master pressure regulator, if present. Filters t hat can tolerate
constant pressurization must be used.
ix.viii. For overhead and bubbler irrigation zones, pressure regulation
shall be at the zone valve by use of a valve pressure regulating
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 45
Section 7A: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Requirements for New Landscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
module or similar device that achieves pressure regulation at the
valve.
b. Water Supply , Meter & Valve Requirements
i. Manual shut -off valves (such as a gate valve, ball valve, or butterfly
valve) shall be required, as close as possible to the point of
connection of the water supply, and at each valve manifold, to
minimize water loss in case of an emergency (such as a main line
break) or routine repair.
ii. Cross -Connection Prevention (Backflow Prevention) as required by
SMMC Section 7.12.370.
iii. A dedicated landscape meter is required for new landscape areas.
iv. All irrigation valves must be appropriately tagged and labelled in
ac cordance with the local, state , and federal laws and regulations.
v. Valve boxes , if installed, must be large enough to service irrigation
equipment inside and be installed over a layer of coarse stone or
gravel while maintaining an air space between valves and the layer
of stone.
vi. All valve box lid s must be labelled with the appropriate valve ,
prog ram and station numbers .
vii. Quick coupler valves must be specified according to site conditions
that ensure proper maintenance of the area.
viii. A master shut -off valve shall be installed whenever corresponding
irrigation controller has master shut -off valve oper ation capability ,
unless the system is utilizing another technology that allows for leak
detection and control .
ix. A flow sensor shall be installed whenever corresponding irrigation
controller has flow sensing capability unless the system is utilizing
another technology that allows for leak detection and control..
x. Scrubber or ‘dirty water ’ valves a re required if the water source for
the irrigation system uses approved alternate water supply .
c. Pipe Requirements
i. Specify main and lateral pipe sizes that will result in the velocity of
water moving through these pipes at a rate not exceeding five feet
(5’) per second for pipes under three inch (3”) in diameter and not
exceeding seven feet (7’) per second for pipes th ree inch (3”) or
greater in diameter.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 46
Section 7A: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Requirements for New Landscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
ii. Use Schedule 40 or Class 315 solvent weld -type PVC pipe for
mains, below grade laterals, or piping under roadways. Class 125
pipe is not permitted.
iii. IPS flexible PVC pipe or flexible HDPE pipe may be substituted for
rigid PVC pipe below grade in lateral lines only to avoid
underground obstructions encountered during trenching or
tunneling.
iv. Use Sch edule 40 UV resistant PVC , Schedule 80 PVC or metal
piping for all above grade pipes.
v. Pipe in the same trench must be laid side -by -side and not
overlapped. Provide three inch (3”) vertical and horizontal
clearance between irrigation lines and six inch (6”) clearance
between lines of other work. Do not install parallel lines directly
over any other line.
vi. PVC fittings must be of the same chemical compound as pipe on
which they are installed.
vii. PVC cement must have the proper adhesive value for the pipe on
which it is used.
viii. Backfill shall not have rocks or debris greater than half an inch (½”)
in size next to the pipe.
ix. Under vehicle paving or sidewalks, install a sleeve made of
permanent rigid material (PVC Sch 40 or Class 160) that is twice
the size of the pipe it will hold and should extend one foot (1’)
beyond the edge of the hard surfaces.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 47
Section 7A: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Requirements for New Landscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
x. Trench or tunnel depth must be sufficient to obtain a minimum
depth of cover over the installed pipe and control wire which
conforms to the following dimensions. Where pipe and/or conduit
are placed below paving or hardscape the minimum burial depths
are:
Pressure Lines ≤2 inches in landscaping 12 inch
Pressure Lines >2 inches in landscaping 18 inch
Pressure Lines under non -vehicular paving 18 inch
Pressure Lines under vehicular paving 24 inch
Non -pressure Lines ≤2 inches in landscaping 12 inch
Non -pressure Lines >2 inches in landscaping 12 inch
Non -pressure Lines under non -vehicular paving
12 inch
Non -pressure Lines under vehicular paving 18 inch
Conduit in landscaping 12 inch
Conduit under non -vehicular paving 18 inch
Conduit under vehicular paving 24 inch
d. Automatic Irrigation Controller Requirements
i. A weather -based irrigation controller (WBIC) with central control
capability and s oil m oisture s ensors (SMS) readiness is required ,
s ite parameters permit ting . Then o nly Smart Water Application
Technologies tested and published WBICs and SMSs or EPA
Watersense labeled WBICs or SMSs are permitted and must be
compatible with existing City infrastructure . Once installed disabling
the climate -based sensor or moisture -based sensor features on the
controller is prohibited.
e. Sprinkler Irrigation Requirements
i. Sprinklers shall have a minimum operational lower quarter
distribution uniformity of seventy -five percent (75 %).
ii. No sprinklers shall be located within twenty -four inches (24 ”) of any
trees or impermeable hardscape, including but not limited to
sidewalks, driveways, alleys, streets, walkways, fencing.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 48
Section 7A: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Requirements for New Landscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
iii. Irrigation shall not runoff nor overspray onto impermeable surfaces
including but not limited to buildings, fencing, property line, public
right -of -way.
iv. Sprinkler heads on the same valve shall have matched precipitation
rates. The precipitation rate shall not exceed one inch (1 ”) per hour
unless using approved alternate water supply irrigation system.
v. Sprinkler heads with or without multi -stream, multi -trajectory
rotating nozzles, shall have built -in pressure regulation in the body
or stem or shall have pressure regulating swing joints.
vi. Sprinkler heads shall have swing joints or other riser -protection
components.
vii. Sprinkler heads must have a minimum of head -to -head coverage
(minimum of fifty percent (50%) of diameter). Wind de -rating, if
used, should be based on wind criteria for the time period that the
system is normally operated.
f. Drip Irrigation Requirements
i. Drip irrigation is required for all ne w plant material except
groundcovers , including turfgrass, and trees.
1. Exception:
a. Sub -surface tree bubblers or stream bubblers
installed on a pop -up sprinkler body emitting half a
gallon per minute (0.5 gpm ) or less may be used for
new trees of a size twenty -four inch (24”) box or
larger. Bubblers must have fixed emission outputs
and cannot be variable or adjustable.
b. Micro -sprays not exceeding thirty g allons per hour
(30gph) may be used on areas solely dedicated to
edible plants.
b.c. Green roof landscape installations may use
overhead irrigation with an alternative water source
authorized by law .
ii. Trees shall be irrigated on a separate valve.
iii. Drip Irrigation Zone:
1. The installation of new drip irrigation systems require drip
valve assemblies for each drip zone and must include:
a. In -line remote control valves connection;
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 49
Section 7A: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Requirements for New Landscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
b. Pressure regulator if a master pressure regulator is
not sp ecified for the entire irrigation system or
pressure regulating filter is not specified;
c. Filter with at minimum, a n one hundred -fifty to two
hundred (150 -200) mesh, wye or tee filter if a master
filter for the entire irrigation system or a pressure
regulating filter is not specified; disc filters may be
used if the water source for the irrigation system is
reclaimed, recycled, rain water or greywater.
d. Pressure regulator and remote control valve must
have a minimum flow rate that is lowe r than the zone
flow rate.
2. Drip irrigation shall have a minimum operational lower
quarter emission uniformity of eighty -one percent (81%).
3. An air relief valve for each drip irrigation zone is required.
4. A manual flushing mechanism for each new drip irrigation
zone is required.
iv. Drip Tubing:
1. Drip tubing shall be made of polyethylene or PVC.
2. Drip irrigation emitters shall emit no more than two gallons per
hour (2 gph).
3. Only c ontainer p lantings , r aised b eds and edible plant areas
irrigated with micro -spray may use one quarter inch (1/4 ”) or
one eighth inch (1/8 ”) solid tubing (also referred to as
”spaghetti ” tubing).
4. Drip tubing shall be designed for sub -surface installation
unless site conditions are prohibi t below grade installation.
5. Wire stakes shall be U -shaped galvanized steel wire stakes
and installed every five feet (5’).
6. M ulti -outlet emitters are prohibited.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 50
Section 7 B : City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Modifications to Existing Landscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
Existing Landscaping Requirements - The following requirements apply when
existing landscap ing is replaced by City public landscape agencies :
A. Landscape and Irrigation Improvements
The Director of Public Works may specify plant material, soil amendments
or irrigation device requirements for new public landscape sites that
reduce overall water use on the site, including new plant cultivars,
products , or technolog ies that may be used in pilot demonstration project s
to verify b est management practices.
B. Plant Material Requirements
a. If turfgrass defined for Region 3 in the current edition of the Water Use
Classification for Landscape Species (WUCOLS) issued by the
Depart ment of Water Resources that is not designated recreational
turfgrass is removed, it must be replaced with plant material , with the
exception of trees, that have an average plant factor of 0 .4 or below or
with mulch .
b. Plant material categorized as ‘High’s listed in the current Invasive Plant
Inventory for the southwest region by the California Invasive Plant Council
or listed for the South Coast region by the PlantRight organization are
prohibited, except for known non -fruiting, non -invasive, sterile varie ties or
cultivars or selections. Plants listed as noxious weeds by the California
Dept. of Food & Agriculture are prohibited.
C. Amendments and Mulch Requirements
a. A minimum three inch (3 ″) layer of mulch shall be applied on all exposed
soil surfaces of planting areas except in turf areas, creeping or rooting
groundcovers, or direct seeding applications where mulch is
contraindicated. To provide habitat for beneficial insects and other wil dlife,
up to five percent (5%) of the landscape area may be left without mulch .
b. No mulch shall be applied within six inches (6 ”) of the base of trees.
c. No plant material shall be installed within twenty -four (24”) inches of the
base of a tree.
D. Irrigation System Requirements
a. General Irrigation System Requirements
i. Hoses used for irrigation shall be equipped with an automated, shut
off nozzle.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 51
Section 7B: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Modifications to Existing Landscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
ii. All new irrigation systems must conform to SMMC Section 7.12.370
Cross -Connection Prevention and SMMC Section 7.16.020 Water
Conservation Requirements.
iii. Specify pressure regulation to e nsure that the dynamic pressure at
each emission device is within the manufacturer’s recommended
pressure range for optimal performance.
iv. Pressure regulation may include a single master pressure regulator
for the entire system, and must be located after the master
backflow device. P ressure regulators that can tolerate constant
pressurization must be used.
v. Low -head drainage is prohibited. Anti -drain valves or check valves
in sprinkler heads and drip emitter devices are required to prevent
low -head drainage.
b. Requirements for Replacement of Existing Sprinkler Heads
i. Sprinklers shall have a minimum operational lower quart er
distribution uniformity of seventy -five percent (7 5 %).
ii. Irrigation shall not runoff nor overspray onto impermeable surfaces
including but not limited to buildings, fencing, property line, public
right -of -way.
iii. All replaced and existing sprinkler heads on the same zone shall
have matched precipitation rates.
iv. When replacing or repai ring a remote control valve on a sprinkler
zone , the zone must be equipped with pressure regulating
device(s) to insu re that the dynamic pressure at each emission
device is within the manufacture’s recommended pressure range
for optimal performance .
v. All replaced sprinkler heads shall have swing joints or other riser -
protection components.
b. Requirements for New Irrigation Systems or Replacement of Existing
Irrigation Systems
i. For existing plant material that is one (1) gallon or larger , excluding
groundcovers , and a new irrigation system is installed for that
hydrozone, the irrigation system must be a drip irrigation system.
1. Exception:
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 52
Section 7B: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Modifications to Existing Landscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
a. Sub -surface t ree b ubblers or stream bubblers
installed on a pop -up sprinkler body emitting half a
gallon per minute (0.5 gpm ) or less may be used for
tree sizes twenty -four (24 ”) box or larger. Bubblers
must have fixed emission outputs and cannot be
variable or adjustable.
b. Micro -sprays not exceeding thirty g allons per hour
(30gph) may be used on areas solely dedicated to
edible plants.
b.c. Green roof landscape installations may use
overhead irrigation with an alternative water source
authorized by law .
ii. Drip Irrigation Zone:
1. The installation of new drip irrigation systems require drip
valve assemblies for each drip zone and must include:
a. In -line remote control valves connection;
b. Pressure regulator if a master pressure regulator is
not specified for the entire irrigation system or
pressure regulating filter is not specified;
c. Filter with at minimum, an one hundred -fifty to two
hundred (150 -200) mesh, wye or tee filter if a master
filter for the entire irrigation system or a pressure
regulating filter is not specified; disc filters may be
used if the water source for the irrigation system is
reclaimed, recycled, rain water or greywater.
d. Pressure regulator and remote control valve must
have a minimum flow rate that is lower than the zone
flow rate.
2. Drip irrigation shall have a minimum operational lower
quarter emission uniformity of eighty -one (81%).
3. Drip irrigation emitters shall emit no more than two gallons
per hour (2 gph) unless using for approved alternate water
supply irrigation.
4. An air relief valve for each drip i rrigation zone is required.
5. A manual flushing mechanism for each new drip irrigation
zone is required.
iii. Drip Tubing:
1. Drip tubing shall be made of polyethylene or PVC.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 53
Section 7B: City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Modifications to Existing Landscaped Areas for Public Landscape Areas
2. Drip irrigation emitters shall emit no more than two gallons per
hour (2gph).
3. Only c ontainer p lantings , r aised b eds and edible plant areas
irrigated with micro -spray may use one quarter inch (1/4 ”) or
one eighth inch (1/8 ”) solid tubing (also referred to as
”spaghetti” tubing).
4. Drip tubing shall be designed for sub -surface installation
unless site conditions are prohibit below grade installation.
5. Wire stakes shall be U -shaped galvanized steel wire stakes
and installed every five feet (5’).
6. M ulti -outlet emitters are prohibited.
Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation Standards revised 10/25/2016 54
Section 7C : City of Santa Monica Public Landscapes
Ma intenance Requirements for Public Landscape Areas
A. Irrigation systems must be maintained according to the manufacturers’
specifications and in accordance with all local, state and federal laws and
regulations.
B. Landscapes shall be maintained to ensure water use efficiency using sustainable
or environmentally -friendly practices for overall landscape maintenance.
C. Chemical products used for plant pest control or fertilizing plant material shall
meet EPA approval.
D. Irrigation shall not runoff nor overspray onto impermeable surfaces including but
not limited to buildings, fencing, property line, public right -of -way.
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
1
The City of Santa Monica’s adopted Green Building Ordinance (Ordinance) and Water -Efficient Landscape and Irrigation
Standards (Standards) are at least as effective as the State’s Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance. This table
includes specific sec tions from the City’s Ordinance and Standards that reflect the State’s requirements or evidence that
the City’s Ordinance is at least as effective as the State’s.
State Model Water
Efficient
Landscape
Ordinance
Section Number
Green
Building
Ordinance
Sec tion
Number
2012 Water -
Efficient
Landscape and
Irrigation
Standards
Section
Number
Proposed
Water -Efficient
Landscape and
Irrigation
Standards
Section Number
Green Building Ordinance Evidence of
the Record for Compliance with State
Model Water Efficient La ndscape
Ordinance
§ 490. Purpose 8.108.070 Yes
§ 490.1 Applicability 8.108.100 At least as effective as : All landscaping in
Santa Monica must comply with the
Ordinance and Standards, thus all
landscaping and irrigation systems are
subject to water co nservation
requirements. The State’s Ordinance only
applies to new construction landscapes
500 square feet or larger and rehabilitated
landscapes 2,500 square feet or larger if
the local agency requires review or permits
for landscaping or irrigation.
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
2
§ 491. Definitions 8.108.090 Section 1 Section 1 Yes
§ 492. Provisions for
New Construction or
Rehabilitated
Landscapes
The City of Santa Monica is a permitting
authority and a retail water agency that
assumes responsibility for implementing
the ordinanc e.
§ 492.1 Compliance
with Landscape
Documentation
Package
8.108.100 Section 2 Section 2 At least as effective : All landscape plans
will be submitted to the appropriate
departments, and the City will maintain an
electronic record of submitted plans.
§4 92.2 Penalties 8.108.1 08 Yes
§492.3 Elements of
the Landscape
Documentation
Package
8.108.100 Section 2 Section 2 At least as effective as : City requires State
required elements, except water budget
calculations.
Water budget not included for these
doc umented reasons:
1. The most efficient irrigation
equipment currently available is
required , thereby , requiring more
water -efficient irrigation than the
State, (i.e. the City requires only
drip irrigation or bubblers for all
plants; drip irrigation can’t emit
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
3
more than 2 gallons per hour,
sprinkler irrigation is banned
everywhere except recreational
turfgrass areas only , runoff and
overspray are prohibited
2. Turf/high water use plants are
limited to 20% of landscape area for
residential properties and banned
on commercial properties.).
3. Based on data collected for 5 years
on the irrigation usage of a City
operated demonstration garden that
meets the City’s minimum
requirements , this garden uses
16,000 gallons less than the State’s
requirement. On average the Cit y’s
demonstration garden used 14,000
gallons per year. Compared to the
State’s water budget requirement
which would allow the landscape to
use 30,000 gallons per year*. The
State’s water budget requirement
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
4
allows the applicant to use more
water than the C ity’s irrigation
requirements allow.
4. Weather -based irrigation controllers
with sensors are required. These
controllers automatically calculate
the water needs for the landscape,
thus providing and implementing a
water budget.
5. The City’s retail water depart ment
does not currently have the
capability to provide water budgets
for dedicated irrigation meters for
landscapes.
6. Landscapes built to past City
S tandards average 30% below
State water budget allocation.
§492.4 Water
Efficient Landscape
Worksheet
8.108 .100 Section 2 Section At least as effective :
1. Water features are limited to a total
of 25 square feet of water surface
area, including vertical and
horizontal surface area, thus saving
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
5
water.
2. Overspray is not permitted.
3. Water budgets for landscapes are
no t required b ased on data
collected for 5 years on the
irrigation usage of a City operated
demonstration garden that meets
the City’s minimum requirements ,
this garden uses 16,000 gallons
less than the State’s requirement.
On average the City’s
demonstrati on garden used 14,000
gallons per year. Compared to the
new State’s water budget
requirement which would allow the
landscape to use 30,000 gallons
per year*. The State’s water budget
requirement allows the applicant to
use more water than the City’s
irrig ation requirements allow.
4. A hydrozone matrix is required on
plan sets describing for each zone
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
6
the following: the square footage,
percentage of total landscaped
area, percentage of slope at
finished grade, plant type,
hydrozone basis, hydrozone
description , exposure or micro -
climate, irrigation method, irrigation
devices (including manufacturer /
model / number), zone pressure,
precipitation rates, zone gallons per
minute, controller station number,
device flow rate in gallons per hour,
and number of sprink ler heads,
bubblers or emitters per zone.
§492.5 Soil
Management Report
8.108.100 Section 2
Section 3 Yes . A p ost installation soil report will be
required.
§492.6 Landscape
Design Plan
8.108.100 Section 2 Section 4,5,6,7 At least as effective as : Elements required
per State Ordinance except fire prone
areas as this not applicable and water
features are limited to 25 square feet of
water surface area, including vertical and
horizontal surface area, thus saving water.
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
7
A post installation soil report will be
required and must show 6% organic
matter content in soil. Stormwater
requirements met under SMMC 7.10.
State Ordinance strongly discourages the
use of invasive plants but will ban all ‘High’
CAL -IPC listed invasive plants City -wide.
§492.7 Irr igation
Design Plan.
8.108.100 Section 2 Section 4,5,6,7 At least as effective as: Elements required
per State Ordinance except State
allowance of overhead sprinkler irrigation
for all properties. Overhead sprinkler
irrigation is only allowed in recreati onal
turfgrass areas of mixed use development
projects , City landscaping and institutional
landscapes. Overhead sprinkler irrigation
may only be used for green roof
landscapes if using an approved
alternative water source. State Ordinance
requires dedicate d landscape meters for
non -residential irrigated landscapes of
1,000 square feet but will be required for
all commercial landscape properties and
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
8
residential irrigated landscape s of 5,000
square feet or larger . State ordinance
requires master shut -off valv es for all
projects and high flow sensors that detect
and report high flow conditions created by
system damage or malfunction for all on
non -residential landscapes and residential
landscapes of 5000 sq. ft. or larger but will
be required for all new privat e and public
landscapes unless an alternative leak
detection and control system is to be used.
§492.8 Grading
Design Plan.
8.108.100 Section 2 Yes . Already required in plan check
process by other departments.
§492.9 Certificate of
Completion.
8.108.10 0 Sectio n 2
Section 3 At least as effective as : Elements required
per State Ordinance except t he City w ill
perform an open -trench inspection after
the underground pipes and valves have
been installed and a final inspection where
the irrigation system will be inspected and
operated for compliance with the
Ordinance, Standards and the approved
plans. As -built plans will be obtained, if
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
9
necessary. The Certificate of Occupancy
will not be granted until the landscape and
irrigation system are in compliance. Thi s is
more stringent than the State’s
requirement for an audit to be performed
by a certified irrigation auditor whose audit
results are only documented but does not
require the landscape or irrigation system
to comply with the requirements or
approved set of plans.
§492.10 Irrigation
Scheduling.
Section 3 Section 3 Yes
§492.11 Landscape
and Irrigation
Maintenance
Schedule.
Section 3
Section 4,5,6,7 Yes
§492.12 Irrigation
Audit, Irrigation
Survey, and
Irrigation Water Use
Analysis
Section 3 Section 3 At least as effective as : The City will
perform an open -trench inspection after
the underground pipes and valves have
been installed and a final inspection where
the irrigation system will be inspected and
operated for compliance with the
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
10
ordinance and th e approved plans. City
inspections are performed by a certified
landscape irrigation auditor. As -built plans
will be obtained, if necessary.
§492.13 Irrigation
Efficiency
Section 3 and 4 Section 5,6,7 Yes
§492.14 Recycled
Water
Section 3 and 4 Section 4,5,6,7 Yes, if available.
§492.15 Graywater
systems .
Section 3 and 4 Section 4,5,6,7 Y es , if available .
§492.16 Stormwater
Management and
Rainwater
Retention .
Yes – SMMC 7.10
§492.17 Public
Education.
Yes - SMMC 7.16
§492.1 8
Environmental
Revi ew.
Yes
§493. Provisions for
Existing
Landscapes.
8.108.100 Section 4, 5 and
6
Section 4,5,6,7 Yes
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
11
§493.1 Irrigation
Audit, Irrigation
Survey, and
Irrigation Water Use
Analysis.
At least as effective a s : SMMC 7.16 allows
the City to provide water conservation
programs. The City currently provides free
landscape workshops for residents and
landscape professionals; provides
sustainable landscape rebates for water -
efficient irrigation equipment; offers free
water use consultation audits, surveys
publi c landscaping for potential retrofits;
provides funding for City public landscape
retrofits; provides information on its
website regarding water -efficient
landscapes and irrigation systems.
§493.2 Water Waste
Prevention.
Yes – SMMC 7.16.020
§494 Eff ective
Precipitation.
Not required
§495 Reporting. Yes
*1718/1724 Pearl St. Santa Monica, CA garden/garden demonstration site
Our native plant garden at 1718 Pearl Street has 1 ,998 square feet of landscaping. The installation meets all the
requi rements of SMMC 8.108 Subpart B.
If we use the California State Model Water -Efficient Landscape Ordinance water budget we would be allotted:
Attachment A : Evidence of the Record for Compliance with the State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
12
MAWA = (Eto) (0.62) [(0.55 x LA) + (0.3 x SLA)]
=44.2 x .62 [(0.55 x 1998) + (0.3 x 0)]
=27.404 (1098.9 + 0)
=3 0,114.26 gallons per year
With an Estimated Total Water Use of:
ETWU = (Eto)(0.62) [ (PF x HA / IE) + SLA]
Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) _____44.2 _____
ETAF Calculations
Regular Landscape Areas
Actual W ater Usage
Feb 2004 -Feb 2013 = 129,091 gallons = Average 14,343 gallons/year
Hydrozone #
/Planting
Description a
Plant
Factor (PF)
Irrigation
Method b
Irrigation
Efficiency
(IE)c
ETAF
(PF/IE)
Landscape
Area (sq, ft,)
ETAF x Area
Estimated Total
Water Use
(ETWU)e
Regular Landscape Areas
3. Medium water
use plantings
0.5 drip 0.81 0.62 400 248 6796.19
1. 2. Low water use
plantings
0.2 drip 0.81 0.25 1598 399.5 10,947.89
Totals 647.5 17744.08
Total ETAF x Area 647.5
Total Area 1998
Average ETAF 0.32
Average ETAF for Regu lar Landscape Areas must
be 0.5 5 or below f or residential areas, and 0 .45 or
below for non -residential a reas.
Reference:
Resolution No. 10994
(CCS)