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SR-10-27-2015-4A City Council Report City Council Regular Meeting: October 27, 2015 Agenda Item: 4.A 1 of 28 To: Mayor and City Council From: David Martin, Director, Planning and Community Development, Planning Commission Agenda (PCD) Subject: 4th and Colorado Station Site Priorities and Process Recommended Action Staff recommends that the City Council review and comment on the emerging draft long-term use objectives and information provided for the 4th/Colorado City-owned Property. Executive Summary The City-owned site at 4th Street and Colorado Avenue is one of the main entries into the City of Santa Monica. This site is perceived by many as the gateway to the distinctive places that make Santa Monica unique. This intersection marks the western entrance from the Interstate 10, access to the Pier and beach under the landmarked Pier sign, and the southern edge of Santa Monica Promenade and Santa Monica Place shopping districts. People seeking these destinations and the adjacent Tongva and Palisades Parks pass through this intersection on foot, bikes, buses, in cars, and in less than a year, via train. The history of planning this intersection spans a decade. In 2005, the Council approved a Civic Center Specific Plan that included the station site and a new Olympic Drive to expand the Downtown/Civic Center circulation network (completed 2014). In 2006, the City acquired the properties located at 1632-36 5th Street and 402 Colorado Avenue. At the time of purchase, the terminus station of a future light rail line was considered for this site. With light rail now in place, the site is a key location in Santa Monica. 2 of 28 The station currently occupies approximately 34,000 square feet of the site. The remainder City-owned portion (approximately 86,250 square feet) and the adjacent properties, have constrained access because the station occupies the former access to Colorado Avenue. Because of the complex circulation infrastructure at this junction (an interstate freeway, a bridge, light rail, city streets, and sidewalks), careful consideration and planning is now in progress to optimize integration of future transit-oriented uses on the site, such as office, retail, and commercial businesses; parking; affordable hou sing; and/or other public uses. Community outreach identified a desire for creating a place of arrival and departure that honors the Santa Monica identity wh ile also providing long- term improvements to the City’s transportation infrastructure. The importance of the long-term vision is highlighted in the Draft Downtown Specific Plan (DSP), currently underway, which defines specific parameters for the use and design of the 4th Street and Colorado Avenue intersection and 4CO site. The first stage of visioning for this site addressed provision of an interim use concept for the City- owned property to support transit transfer and multi-modal first/last mile connections in time for Expo light rail operation. The interim use concept, approved by Council on February 24, 2015, improves the upper lot for pick-up and drop-off while the lower lot is under construction. Once the lower lot is completed, the upper lot would remain as a potential swing space if temporary events were held in the lower lot. Both lots can be easily reconfigured as the demand for private shuttles, paratransit, and kiss -and-ride becomes more evident. The upper lot will be completed in time for Expo’s anticipated Spring 2016 opening, and the lower lot will follow several months later. Following approval of the interim use, Council directed staff to proceed with the strategic planning and long-term use analysis of the site, including definition of circulation and access, land use, urban design, and economic feasibility parameters. Concepts proposed in the Draft DSP have been included in the ongoing site analysis, including relocating the 4th Street freeway off-ramp and coordinating the freeway-adjacent properties with the 4CO site to achieve network expansion and multi-modal circulation improvements at this prominent gateway. One approach for comprehensive examination of the unique access and site configuration challenges of these freeway-adjacent properties is the creation of a “Gateway Access Master Plan” that further refines the circulation vision that the Draft DSP presents for these sites. As currently envisioned, the freeway-adjacent properties made up of the 4CO, Sears, Wyndham Hotel, and Big Blue Bus sites would be included in a master plan area. In consideration of BBB’s ongoing and future bus operations, while the master plan may put forward recommendations for some modifications to the BBB site to improve access, the master plan process will not at this time consider potential development of the BBB site or relocation of BBB bus operations. The 4CO station site is uniquely positioned to incorporate adjacent city- and/or privately- owned sites to achieve City policies and long-term objectives for this site and the city as a whole. A series of conceptual site scenarios are presented in this report to illustrate options for land area, site configuration, building footprint type, access locations, urban design, and phasing. Benefits of a coordinated design include opportunities for shared 3 of 28 parking, better access to all sites, and connectivity between the site and surrounding areas. Long-term use analysis will define objectives and parameters for a potential joint - use partnership. Background City Council meetings regarding the Exposition Light Rail Project in Santa Monica began in 2007. On May 11, 2009, Council allocated a portion of redevelopment funds to study the feasibility of bridge connections and freeway capping to integrate the Expo Light Rail terminus station, Civic Center, and Downtown. On January 19, 2010, Council directed staff to explore refining the Civic Center and Downtown circulation network as described in the then draft 2010 LUCE. Options for reconfiguring the 4th Street off -ramp were explored to disperse automobile traffic west and away from the key intersections adjacent to the Expo station in order to improve pedestrian quality and station access and ensure safety for all network users. A new freeway off-ramp aligned with Olympic Drive was recommended for consideration, and termed the Olympic Crossover (See Attachment A). On April 12, 2011, Council prioritized short- and long-term projects related to the Civic Center and Downtown circulation network. On September 13, 2011, Council received an update on the refined alignment of the terminus station which resulted in a smaller station footprint, creating the larger remnant site at 4CO. On January 24, 2012, Council approved planning for first/last mile access to the terminus station, including further exploration of freeway off-ramp location and bridging concepts. The work was put on hold in 2012 due to uncertainties of continuing to use redevelopment agency funding for the analysis. After significant community input, the Council approved the Colorado Esplanade on July 10, 2012. This project exemplifies integrated multi- modal station access. Using the roadway changes required by the light rail, the Esplanade project creates space for pedestrians, a protected bike facility, and streamlined vehicle flows and continues the one-way westbound direction to Ocean Avenue to simplify the number of turning movements and provide more fluid throughput at the 4th and Colorado intersection. The project is currently under construction and, when completed, will fully integrate multiple travel modes to guide users to key Colorado Esplanade looking west towards the Pier 4 of 28 destinations. The 4CO site should carry the exceptional design and placemaking attributes of the Esplanade to the whole station area, making circulation legible, efficient, and safe for everyone. On June 10, 2014, Council authorized a third contract modification for AECOM to provide planning, urban design, infrastructure, transportation, environmental, and economic consultant services for the 4CO site. The 4th/Colorado Station Site Studies Project (4CO Project) was initiated to develop both an interim use that addresses transit interface when the train first becomes operational, and to provide long-term analysis and visioning for the remaining 4th/Colorado property. On November 25, 2014, Council reviewed the interim use concept design for the 4CO site and directed staff to expand stakeholder outreach and generate a revised interim use concept design. On February 24, 2015, Council approved an interim use that provides temporary multi-modal connectivity and access not included in the Expo station design (See Attachment B). Council also directed staff to focus on the long-term use analysis of the station site to determine options for the highest and best use of the site. Approval of the interim u se concept does not eliminate or restrict any particular long-term use option. On October 13, 2015, staff recommended to Council the creation of a “Gateway Access Master Plan” focused on the freeway-adjacent sites that create the key gateway to the Downtown, and based on the overall principles in the Draft DSP. Council directed staff to proceed with the creation of a Gateway Access Master Plan process that would holistically plan for the 4CO, Sears, Wyndham Hotel, and BBB sites. Council also commented that the master plan should include the study of access and circulation issues (i.e. as it relates to property access and the 4th/Colorado intersection) and the exploration of freeway capping opportunities as open space opportunities. Discussion Currently, the 4th/Colorado crossroad is at the heart of several important projects that are under construction: the Colorado Esplanade, new cinemas at Santa Monica Place, and a temporary use for the terminus station site. Additional streetscape and wayfinding projects are in design for 4th Street both north and south of the 4CO site and future renovations to the Civic Center Auditorium will rely on the smooth functioning of this 5 of 28 area. The long-term use for this crossroad must consider both the importance of an iconic gateway and the critical transportation infrastructure that serves the commercial and social center of the City. On August 5, 2015, staff presented draft long-term use objectives and potential site scenarios for the 4CO site to the Planning Commission for review and comment. The Planning Commissioners commented on key elements of the project, providing input for the ongoing work effort. [August 5, 2015 PC Meeting Minutes] Draft Objectives: The Planning Commission expressed particular support for prioritizing a place for people and ensuring that the 4CO site and surrounding areas adequately accommodate pedestrian circulation. The PC recommended inclusion of an objective that addresses bicyclist circulation, including the need for bike parking and access to and from the site. Community Benefits and Urban Design Approach: The large-scale community benefits of the Olympic Crossover off-ramp realignment provide open space and circulation improvements to the Downtown network, and collectively received widespread PC support. With regards to the Olympic Crossover, the PC remarked that ensuring a comfortable pedestrian crossing and repurposing Olympic Boulevard and Palm Court should be priority components of this effort. The Commissioners noted that 4th Street should b ecome a more pleasant environment for pedestrians and bicyclists to facilitate multi -modal access to the train, and the project should include wider sidewalks and/or minimize curb cuts. The concept of on-site shuttles and kiss-and-ride areas, a new street/paseo, and a parking structure accessed directly from the freeway were recognized as valuable components; however, Commissioners also wanted the site to de - emphasize vehicles and more strongly support placemaking and pedestrian amenities. Commissioners advised that the appropriate bus facility options for this site include minimizing or excluding on-site bus operations and continuing to explore bus connections with on-street alternatives and/or use of the existing Big Blue Bus (BBB) facility. Commissioners discussed the urban design and circulation challenges and barriers constraining on-site bus operations. Potential Land Uses: The PC stressed the need for open space that is flexible and programmable, and spoke to the importance of considering revenue - generating uses such as office and hotel to support BBB operations. The PC noted that this site was the most suitable place in the downtown to address the high demand for new office spaces. Due to the adjacency to light rail, office uses at this site would allow for a high AVR employee workforce, resulting in fewer vehicle trips. Some Planning Commissioners also requested the consideration of fine-grained retail to activate the space during the day and night, and to consider affordable housing that is not directly adjacent to the freeway. The Commission agreed that a bus facility was not the preferred use, noting the desire for buses to use the existing street grid. However, they supported the concept of potential 6 of 28 BBB revenue through consideration of revenue-generating office use at this site. Commissioners had differing opinions about open space and housing as top priorities but all agreed that entertainment should not be a main focus. Commissioners wanted the uses and urban design to focus on function and transition, particularly at the ground floor, to create an engaging, active, and beautiful space. Potential Alternatives: The majority of the Commission would like to proceed with a comprehensive approach that assumes change on the whole site, including the City-owned property, Comma Building property, 4th Street off-ramp and embankment, and Palm Court (approx. 146,350 square feet). In this comprehensive approach, Commissioners felt that multiple architects designing the site would be beneficial and ensure that the final design represents a variety and range. One Commissioner felt that the site could be designed using one designer or multiple designers, in relation to a phased approach or in one grand process, and that staff should provide an RFP process that al lows for some flexibility in the type of proposal. The 4CO site is a critical component of the Downtown and the linchpin for the Downtown/Civic Center circulation. The City has carefully examined aspects of the site. This report covers the following categories of analysis and requests Council input on the ongoing work effort: 1. Policy Context Relationship to existing policy (Civic Center Specific Plan and LUCE) and ongoing planning efforts (Draft DSP). 2. Initial Draft Site Objectives Broad draft objectives for the site based on community and stakeholder input for the Expo Light Rail, Esplanade, DSP, and interim use processes. 3. Site-Specific Analysis – Land Area and Ownership, Circulation, Land Use, and Parking Layout Site-specific land area and ownership, circulation, land use, and parking layout considerations and preliminary diagrams to guide the visioning process. 4. Site-Specific Analysis – Bus Facility Investigation Summary of bus facility investigation. 5. Alternatives Development Preliminary development of conceptual site scenarios to understand best land use mix, site access, and feasible community benefits. 6. Council Discussion Staff requests from the Council feedback on site objectives, community benefits, bus facilities, and prototypes and recommendations on broad planning goals and parameters to help progress the long-term analysis of the station site. 7 of 28 1. POLICY CONTEXT The LUCE, Draft DSP, and community outreach efforts all inform a strategy for the future use of the site. 2010 Land Use and Circulation Element The arrival of Expo Light Rail is a key component of the LUCE, driving many goals and policies. LUCE circulation objectives for the 4CO site include improvement of transit and pedestrian access to the station while addressing opportunities to improve vehicle circulation. LUCE policies relevant to the vision for this site build on the integrated circulation network within the Civic Center initially prescribed in the Civic Center Specific Plan and are included in Attachment C. Draft Downtown Specific Plan The Draft DSP, available online at http://www.downtownsmplan.org/, refines the LUCE vision with specific policies, objectives, and land use and development standards for Downtown. Once adopted, the DSP will provide approaches for addressing circulation for all travel modes; mobility; strategies for ensuring ample open space for residents, workers, and visitors; preservation of historic and cultural resources; and an overview for maintaining economic diversity in the Downtown. The Plan would include specific goals, policies, and actions for:  Housing & Economic Diversity  Arts, Culture & Entertainment  Historic Preservation  Open Space  Infrastructure  Circulation and Mobility  Development Standards  Design Guidelines  Community Benefits  Implementation Community Input on Benefits The Draft DSP builds on the LUCE system of requiring projects to deliver community benefits that meet public objectives. The July 11, 2012: DSP Community Workshop 8 of 28 Draft DSP identifies community-based priorities that address specific larger sites within the District, including the 4CO site. The 4CO site (titled the Downtown Station Site in the Draft DSP) is one of the larger sites acknowledged as appropriate for providing large-scale community benefits. Community discussion related to the Esplanade, the DSP, and the Interim Use helped identify priorities for the site. Many community members attending outreach workshops discussed the importance of the location, noting that the site could provide circulation and access benefits for key intersections entering the Downtown. Themes that emerged from these discussions include:  Reconfigure the 4th Street freeway off-ramp (Olympic Crossover).  Provide new people-oriented amenities around the station, with public restrooms, signage, and information to orient visitors to the City.  Add limited public parking to be accessed immediately after exiting the freeway and operated as part of the City network, minimizing trips in the Downtown core.  Incorporate bike share and provide high-visibility bike facilities to interface with the Colorado Esplanade bike path. The Draft DSP envisions an experience at the 4CO site that establishes a sense of arrival to a final destination, creating a new City gateway and ensuring residents and Expo riders optimal access to destinations and transit. Specific goals and actions in the Draft DSP for the future of the 4CO site include: NS Action 22: Create new street through the transit oriented design site adjacent to Expo station. CM3.10: Consider opportunities for the large sites adjacent to the I -10 Freeway to be developed together to support transit access and improve transit facilities. NS Action 21: Olympic Crossover – replace existing I-10 westbound off-ramp at 4th Street, and reallocate former 4th Street ramp with consideration of circulation network. NS Action 25: Accommodate and support bus route changes of Big Blue Bus and Metro to best serve the changing transportation needs of Downtown. NS Action 28: Coordinate service between light rail and bus transit stops and operations. P Action 9: Require new public parking resources to be on the periphery of Downtown. 9 of 28 CM3.11: Distribute new public vehicle parking facilities at the periphery of the district; distribute bike corrals, bike rooms, bike share and carshare throughout Downtown. P Action 10: Enable the phased development of up to 800 public parking spaces in peripheral locations to address future demand without incentivizing additional vehicle trips in Downtown. Specific Draft DSP Strategies for Improving the Downtown Street Network Properties located along the southern part of the Downtown include some of the largest land areas in the District. Currently, these sites contribute to the existing land barrier of the freeway, limiting access in and out of Downtown. Each of the four freeway-adjacent sites has a key part in an overall strategy to create a more functional Downtown by expanding the street and sidewalk grid and removing existing circulation impediments for the network and for each individual site. This Draft DSP diagram shows concepts for key infrastructure moves that could improve mobility and access in this area, optimizing the value of the sites. 1. Make 9th Street through-access from the Lincoln Boulevard off-ramp. 2. Provide a bus boarding and layover facility on the Big Blue Bus (BBB) site. 3. Include an access road through the 4CO site. 4. Relocate the 4th Street freeway off-ramp (Olympic Crossover). 5. Provide a freeway crossing from the Sears site to Main Street with a through road or pedestrian pathway that connects to the 4CO site. 6. New 4th Street intersection would allow future opportunities for traffic to access the 4CO site, Sears site, and Main Street without crossing Colorado Avenue. 7. Construction of a pedestrian bridge over the freeway for improved pedestrian access between the Wydham Hotel property (site not shown in the diagram to the left) and Tongva Park. 8. Create peripheral parking on the Sears and/or 4CO site(s) to reduce parking-related vehicle trips in the core of the Downtown. The Draft DSP presents options for considering integrated network changes to provide the most functional access for the Potential New Road/Bridging Concepts 10 of 28 freeway-adjacent sites, and enhance the complex access and utilization of this critical piece of City and State (I-10 freeway) infrastructure. In initial discussions, Caltrans notes they would consider supporting re-alignment of the off-ramp to achieve a measureable improvement to off-ramp stacking and functioning, reducing back-up onto the freeway, and correcting non-compliant existing conditions. Because of the unique access and site configuration considerations of these freeway- adjacent sites and following Council’s direction, City staff is currently considering making changes to the Draft DSP to require that all of these sites (the 4CO, Sears, Wyndham Hotel, and BBB sites) be evaluated through the creation of a “Gateway Access Master Plan” to comprehensively examine the access and circulation benefits of this area with a cohesive approach to public planning of major future infrastructure improvements, including the bridging or capping of a portion of the freeway and the reconfiguration of the 4th Street freeway off-ramp. Recognized in the Draft DSP as offering significant mobility and access infrastructure improvements at this key gateway to the Downtown, inclusion of the Big Blue Bus site allows for ingress and egress issues to be addressed. In consideration of BBB’s ongoing and future bus operations, while the master plan may put forward recommendations for some modifica tions to the BBB site, the master plan process will not at this time consider potential development of the BBB site or relocation of BBB bus operations. 2. INITIAL DRAFT SITE OBJECTIVES The Expo station will be the arrival and departure point for many people in Downtown Santa Monica. As a City-owned site at a critical location, it is essential that the 4CO site satisfy community priorities. 4CO should define the Santa Monica experience with the same level of investment that the City has made in the Esplanade and station area. New land uses should be considered within the surrounding context to complement the station area as well as maximize the benefit of transit adjacency. Based on the community and stakeholder input for the Expo Light Rail, Esplanade, Draft DSP, and interim use planning processes, staff has developed broad draft objectives for 11 of 28 the Council to consider. These objectives provide an initial lens through which to evaluate the technical analysis, consultant direction and proposal for a joint-use partner for the future of the site. a. Prioritize circulation improvements. The community continues to express that circulation and traffic are their highest priority. As a crossroads for multiple types of transportation, this site is a unique opportun ity to address circulation improvements. These divide into two sub-categories: i. Network improvements. Potential scenarios described in the Draft DSP address large scale projects such as new roads and the realignment of the freeway off-ramp, involving multiple sites and benefiting the larger circulation network. ii. Site-access improvements. These focus on the necessary parameters for site access such as location of curb cuts, level and type of bus service, bus/shuttle interface with rail transfer, bike activity, and service entrances. b. Prioritize a place for people. As the transition area between circulation modalities for visitors and residents alike, and a gateway for all, the urban design should celebrate the location with spaces for people to interact and enjoy. The site has clear views toward the ocean above the freeway, allowing for orientation and the experience of Santa Monica’s unique ocean air and light. The site will be a focal point and a crossroad, as well as the place where many newcomers will have first sight of this environment. As Santa Monica continues to be at the forefront of 21st Century sustainability practices, the site should celebrate the ideals of sustainability and environmental stewardship that define the City. 4CO provides a unique opportunity to ensure that people arriving at this major portal to the City, regardless of mode of transportation, feel they are not at the end of a trip, but beginning their Santa Monica experience. c. Consider land use in relation to circulation. Decisions about land use will impact the circulation in and around t he site, having far reaching influence on the city-wide circulation network. This site provides a unique opportunity for transit- oriented design, allowing residents or employees to access the site without the use of a car. The mix of land uses can be calibrated to take advantage of shared parking, transit adjacency, and location in the City’s vibrant Downtown to provide an active environment while mitigating traffic impacts. The City has long sou ght to use transit-oriented strategies that combine employment centers and housing that accommodate both high Average Vehicle Ridership (AVR) and low trip generating transit-dependent office, and housing, as well as hospitality and supporting retail uses. The large sites adjacent to the freeway have complex edge conditions due to the topography and location of the freeway. Considering these sites together will allow for significant access improvements for each of these sites. d. Providing revenue support for BBB operations. Because a portion of this site was originally purchased with transit funds, staff anticipates that a significant portion of potential revenue will be allocated to BBB operations. The key community benefits identified to date are circulat ion-oriented, large Capital Improvement Projects that benefit City circulation as a whole. Balanced land use 12 of 28 planning will be critical to maintain an economically viable vision for the site. To this end, ongoing economic analysis and evaluating multiple si te scenarios are a key component of the immediate work effort. Ongoing analysis will provide the necessary information to allow decision makers and the community to focus on achieving a joint-use partnership that realizes the community’s transportation and urban design goals. Because the size of an on-site bus facility significantly affects site configuration and opportunities for other uses, as well as financial feasibility, staff requests Council feedback on whether a bus facility is a low- or high-priority and, if a high-priority, which bus facility scenarios should be analyzed. If a bus facility is not considered an option for this site, then revenue - generating uses should be prioritized to meet the objective of supporting BBB operations. 3. SITE-SPECIFIC ANALYSIS – LAND AREA AND OWNERSHIP, CIRCULATION, LAND USE, AND PARKING LAYOUT Land Area and Ownership The City-owned properties between 4th and 5th Streets located directly south of the future Downtown Expo Terminus Station constitute a site area of approximately 86,250 square feet. Long-term analyses could examine the potential for consolidating parcels now under multiple ownership, for a much larger project site. In addition to analyzing the long-term uses for the City-owned property, the project study area could also include:  The City-controlled right-of-way on Palm Court (approx. 16,300 square feet),  The privately-owned Comma Building property (approx. 21,700 square feet) and,  The existing 4th Street off-ramp and embankment (approx. 22,100 square f eet). Land Area and Ownership 13 of 28 Circulation Based on the preliminary understanding of the site conditions (See Attachment D) and the role of this site in the Downtown and Civic Center circulation network, the Draft DSP provided criteria for site access, use, and form to guide the visioning process for the future use of the 4CO site and to ensure integration into the Downtown. The diagram addresses pedestrian-oriented, frontage needs; garage access options; art; and pedestrian plaza possibilities. The ongoing analysis and interim use investigation has refined understanding of the site, specifically, related to site access intersections. Draft DSP Vision for Incorporating Site into Downtown Network Site Access and Circulation Features 14 of 28 Key site access concepts recommended for inclusion in the next phases of evaluation are: 5th Street Intersection and New Street-Paseo (A and B on key): Analysis shows an east-west paseo through the station site would improve access and circulation for the network and site. Completing the street grid and complementing Colorado Avenue (now one-way westbound between 5th Street and Ocean Avenue due to train operation) would provide valuable improvements to the overall network. New 4th Street Intersection with freeway off-ramp realignment (B and C on key): Construction of the Olympic Crossover would create additional direct connections to Main Street and Ocean Avenue via Olympic Drive, dispersing traffic more evenly throughout the Civic Center and Downtown network. Initial analysis shows that this improves level of service at 4th and Colorado, which is currently one of the busiest intersections in the City. The Olympic Crossover would also enable a signalized intersection at 4th Street and the new street/paseo. Without the Crossover, the signal spacing between the existing off -ramp and Colorado Avenue would be too short. A signalized intersection at 4th Street and the new paseo would improve access to kiss-and-ride and site access on the constrained freeway-adjacent sites. Based on the placement of the new street/paseo per the approved interim use plan and assuming the construction of the Olympic Crossover, new signalized intersections at 4th Street could be located at one of these locations: o 4th/Olympic Crossover and 4th/New Street-Paseo, or o 4th/Olympic Crossover and 4th/Existing 4th Street off-ramp (right-in and right-out at 4th/New Street/Paseo) Additional network analysis of the potential signalized intersections at 4 th and 5th Streets will be performed to determine the specific impacts and allowable turning movements for the long-term, based on use-specific trip generation. Bus Operations (D on key): Long-term analysis of the site should consider the optimal number of on-site bus bays with the appropriate access and necessary space for turning movements. This report includes a more in-depth discussion of potential bus scenarios on subsequent pages and in Attachment E. Shuttle and Kiss-and-ride Operations (E on key): Accommodation of shuttles and kiss-and-ride helps to reduce unauthorized use of bus stops or red curb (especially along the east side of 4th Street) for pick-up and drop-off activity. Stakeholder comments received during the interim use planning process expressed support for accommodating shuttles in the long-term as important to providing north/south train connections, and preventing shuttles from using bus stops on city streets. Shuttle use of City bus stops would contribute to traffic congestion. Palm Court (F on key): Long-term visioning will evaluate how to improve the effectiveness and configuration of Palm Court, potentially removing the 15 of 28 turnaround and creating a through driveway/alley or street that allows for service and parking access. 6th Street Alley (G on key): Use of the through alley between 5th and 6th Streets, limited to buses and shuttles, provides additional opportunities for transit routing and layovers. This concept could be considered as part of a comprehensive long- term plan of network and site access improvements that considers the three freeway sites together as an opportunity for expanding the downtown grid. Sears Tunnel (H on key): If the tunnel to Sears is preserved for access long-term, the Sears site could be utilized in conjunction with the station site, thus allowing for a full range of turning movements on and off both sites. This would require coordination and collaboration among the property own ers to create agreements for through-circulation. Caltrans Process (B and C on key): City staff and Caltrans have begun discussions about the appropriate process to evaluate the technical requirements for proceeding with the 4th Street curb cut and the Olympic Crossover. The 4th Street curb cut and the Olympic Crossover could be processed together or separately. As the Crossover project requires significant analysis and evaluation, the City is currently submitting paperwork to initiate that process. T he City will request to initiate the analysis and documentation required by Caltrans by completing a Project Study Report–Project Development Support Project Initiation Document (PSR-PDS PID). The PSR-PDS PID process is anticipated to take a minimum of 8 months, and will be followed by subsequent environmental, final engineering, and construction documentation processes. Land Use In consultation with AECOM economic staff, an initial look at potential land uses suggests that most uses, except for extensive retail, appear to be viable options for the site. With the potential west and south -west views from the site, a new hotel may be a fitting use for the site. Easy access to regional transit system would alleviate vehicle demand for hotel and office uses. When compared to other uses such as residential housing, Transportation Demand Management (TDM) measures have proven most effective and easier to monitor when applied to office uses. The best choice of use mix should include consideration of circulation capacity, station proximity, shared parking opportunities, and pedestrian activity. If a permanent bus structure is not included in the permanent long-term vision, construction costs for the Olympic Crossover and parking will likely be significant factors in determining the financial feasibility of the overall project. While affordable housing as a use was not explicitly listed as a possible 16 of 28 community benefit in the Draft DSP due to proximity to the freeway, discussions following the release of the Draft Plan consider that housing, with a component of affordable housing, should be studied for suitability as a land use for this site. Hotel, residential, office and limited retail are all uses that would meet current and future demands in the downtown. Parking As depicted, utilizing the entire site could produce approximately 350 parking spaces per level. This number will be considerably less for prototypes that assume a smaller land area (i.e. City-owned area only). It should be noted that should the project be constructed in phases – with the City-owned properties being the first to come online, the parking structure could be built in phases and, if appropriate, designed to connect to the Sears site through the existing access tunnel. Several factors will also dictate how much parking can and should be accommodated on site such as: land use mix, pricing and parking feasibility, ingress/egress access points, intersection absorption, and DSP parking strategy goals. 4. SITE-SPECIFIC ANALYSIS – BUS FACILITY INVESTIGATION Big Blue Bus recently completed a comprehensive rerouting of transit connections to incorporate all Expo Station sites. The first part of the service changes occurred in the summer of 2015 with the balance of Expo-related changes to occur in February 2016. The interim 4CO use includes on-street bus stops on 4th and 5th Streets coordinated with BBB rerouting. Like the interim use process, the long-term analysis also considers options for intermodal transit interface. Determining the level of bus facility at the site is critical to understanding the feasibility of all land use and circulation scenarios. A variety of possibilities were analyzed to evaluate the tradeoffs between a significant bus facility and potential revenue-generating uses with the understanding that the ultimate long- term use should support BBB either with additional facilities or revenue . Due to large Parking Layout Concept Potential phasing options possible 17 of 28 bus turning radii and size of vehicles, bus facilities require significant site footprint, maneuvering spaces, and station areas. Ramping t o upper or lower levels must accommodate bus vertical and horizontal clearances as well as wide ramp radii. As a result, bus facility drives the opportunity and constraints of the long-term vision. BBB is currently weighing the benefit of having bus access onsite versus a financing source that would subsidize future operations. Staff has worked with consultants and interdepartmental partners to explore concepts for bus operations located onsite. Some options were considered for discussion and determined to be infeasible due to the topography of the site and other site constraints, but are discussed here to allow Council to fully understand the challenges of the site. The following scenarios were developed to fully understand the trade-offs of accommodating buses onsite and are illustrated in Attachment E. A. Subterranean Facility Concept A subterranean concept was discussed and discarded by staff. The facility would require +/-24 feet of height at a subterranean level (this includes thicker structural materials for the long-span clearances needed for subterranean bus maneuvering). Significant excavation would be needed to depress the bus facility on the sloping site. The necessary continuous ramping to maneuver buses underground while “chasing the grade” would constrain any other uses on the site, make parking design difficult, and increase headway time for buses as they have complex on-site circulation. This concept would also require bus riders coming from the train to walk underground to transfer. B. Stand-Alone Facility Concept A stand-alone bus facility concept would entail a bus facility located approximately at grade with 4th Street (partially below 5th Street) and would allow up to six bus berths. This concept assumes the bus facility to be open -air with no uses above or parking below. A sloped roadway would connect 4 th and 5th Streets. While this configuration would allow direct interface between train riders and bus riders, it would significantly reduce potential for pedestrian-oriented placemaking and opportunities for other transit-focused uses. Buses would require less on-site circulation than a grade-separated facility, saving some space for layovers. C. Construction Above Bus Facility Concept This concept would utilize the bus facility layout of the prior option with up to six bus berths designed so the ground level accommodates bus staging and movements, while the upper levels house other uses. Like the prior option, it requires a large portion of the useable site at the ground level (approximately 18 of 28 38,000 square feet). Because a bus facility would necessitate floor to ceiling height of +/- 24 feet, access to upper level uses would be c omplex, limiting ground floor pedestrian interest and potentially affecting value. Access to underground parking would have to be coordinated with bus access points , limiting parking potential. D. Station Platform Grade Facility Concept This concept proposes a bus facility at the level of the station platform (elevated from 4th Street). This configuration could accommodate up to eight buses with access from 5th Street and a potential new connection to 4th Street at the south end of the site. Buses would be highly visible and easily accessible for riders exiting the train, but would likely require a stairway and related ADA accommodation for riders accessing buses from 4th Street. Design of a pedestrian frontage on 4th Street would be challenging due to grade changes. This is the only concept that assumes the Paseo to be located at the southern portion of the City-owned area. The Paseo could accommodate taxi and shuttle services, but would have reduced potential for programming that activates the edge of the new street, and would likely require closing of the 4th Street tunnel. A building could be considered over the bus facility, but would incur additional costs due to longer structural spans required over the bus facility, and with challenging urban design issues on the 4th Street property edge. E. On Street + Paseo Concept This alternative provides a paseo/street through the center of the site—which is wide enough to accommodate up to four bus berths or shuttle and kiss -and- ride— and anticipates, if needed, an additional bus berth on the west side of 4 th Street that could be negotiated as part of a futu re Sears site upgrades. Bus pick- up/drop-off will be located closest to the station and highly visible for riders exiting the train. A signalized Paseo connection to 4th Street enables flexible and direct bus routing and site access to the east and west. T his scenario provides most consolidated efficient use of land and opportunity to design an inviting pedestrian frontage on the paseo. Contiguous land space is likely to create greater value to fund ongoing BBB operations. F. On Street Concept This concept would utilize the future bus stops along 4th and 5th Streets that are being constructed as part of the interim plan. It assumes all bus movements and boarding/alighting would take place along the streets , with buses and cars being able to utilize the street/paseo for connections between 4th and 5th Streets. If needed, an additional bus berth on the west side of 4th Street could be negotiated as part of a future Sears site upgrades. This concept would require wayfinding to help users to locate buses further away. This concept supports flexible use of land and better connections to the southern portion of the site. This configuration is anticipated to generate more land value than other concepts. The Planning Commission comments supported this scenario. 19 of 28 The above scenarios provide the comparative analysis to allow decision-makers to understand the benefits and drawbacks to varying levels of investment, circulation, and site configuration. Attachment E includes greater detail on the technical specifics for each of the above scenarios. 5. ALTERNATIVES DEVELOPMENT The most recent step in the site analysis has been to synthesize the information presented in this staff report, and develop a series of conceptual site scenarios for the purposes of illustrating options and approaches to site planning. None of the conceptual scenarios are intended as proposed prototypes, but are useful to stimulate discussion of priorities and options. Each conceptual scenario mixes options for land area, site configuration, building footprint type (office, residential, etc.), access locations, and urban design. Each scenario also includes some elements of network access and circulation improvements outlined in the Draft DSP. The scenarios include different options for improving the City-owned site separately or in concert with the adjacent private parcel. Other options evaluate a mix of different land areas and assumptions to understand the benefits and tradeoffs of providing an on -site bus facility or other land uses, such as a residential-oriented project. Feedback on these conceptual scenarios will help to identify prototypes for the next step of understanding an optimal land use mix, economic feasibility, and potential to finance the large-scale community benefits of ongoing BBB operations, shared parking, and the Olympic Crossover. Building Footprint Assumptions In order for development on this site to fit within and contribute to the downtown, the following urban design principles are being considered in future investigation:  The design should complement the pedestrian-oriented, eclectic Downtown Santa Monica context.  The site should accommodate a variety of public and private open spaces with varying sizes.  The ground level plazas and spaces between buildings should promote pedestrian activity and interest.  Buildings should provide visual interest both up-close and from a distance, through variety of massing and skyline variety. 20 of 28 The following diagrams indicate how building footprints could be set depending on land area assumed and the potential implications on circulation, land use, urban design, and economic viability. Diagram A Diagram A illustrates changes to the 4th/Colorado City-owned property (approx. 86,250 total square feet), which includes the Apple Building site. Plann ing for the site is simplified and potential outcomes of this scenario are manageable to a greater extent since it utilizes only City-owned property. However, this trade-off for increased certainty may limit larger objectives, such as off-ramp re-location. Diagram A: Redevelop 4th/Colorado City-owned Property (Includes Apple Building Site)  Approx. 86,250 SF of public land area  Access to parking from 4th Street  Pick-up/drop-off access from 5th Street  Moderately-improved 5th Street pedestrian realm  Views from 4th Street building  Least potential for providing community benefits Potential circulation: o 4th Street curb cut o 5th Street signal and crosswalk o Street/paseo o On-site bus/shuttle/kiss-and-ride area o Sears tunnel pedestrian access 21 of 28 Diagram A illustrates access and circulation from 4th Street that is separate from 5th Street, where 4th Street accommodates motorists exiting the I-10 Freeway and parking and 5th Street accommodates pick-up and drop-off. The two buildings shown would have off-set first floors of 1-2 levels, with the west building level with 4th Street, and the east building elevated over the pick-up and drop-off area. Pedestrians can connect east-west through the site via a staircase. Vehicles that enter/exit from 4 th and 5th Streets could connect below grade in a parking level. Circulation improvements gained from 4th Street and 5th Street access, whether connected through a street/paseo or not, are possible in this scenario. Potential Implications to Objectives:  Circulation: Benefits that could be gained from the construction of the Olympic Crossover, including signalizing a new 4th Street intersection, achieving through access between 4th and 5th Streets, and considering ingress/egress to the northern and southern portions of the site, are not captured in this scenario. While the pedestrian realm along 5th Street could be moderately improved, Palm Court would need to remain as access to the existing southern office building and most likely for all kiss-and-ride and shuttle drop-off and pick-up activities, precluding any significant improvement for the eastside of the property. The tunnel connection to the Sears site remains in this scenario and could be used as part of a future circulation strategy.  Land Use: Building footprint dimensions and locations, away and buffered from the freeway, support and appeal to light retail and hotel on the ground floor, and hotel, office, and/or housing above. Parking would likely be limited to the City- owned land, barring efficiencies that could be gained through a phased development with the southern property.  Urban Design: Because of the topography of the site and building elevations, the northern and western portion of the 4th Street building would be programmed with walk-up uses and the 5th Street building would have challenging urban design that would make activating any ground floor areas with pedestrian - oriented uses difficult. The east-west orientation of the buildings means that valued views would almost exclusively be enjoye d by the 4th Street building and limited for the eastern structure. The most useable space for people to gather would be directly adjacent to the station platform stairs.  Economic Feasibility: This scenario assumes the smallest assembly of land area and therefore lower construction cost, but also the least potential for providing community benefits and achieving City priorities. Elevating the eastern building over the drop-off area would increase some construction costs. Without inclusion of a bus facility and the Olympic Crossover, shared parking would be the most monetarily intensive community benefit of the property. 22 of 28 Diagram B Diagram B builds on a modified Diagram A and presents an illustration that assumes the full site in phases and lowers the eastern building to ground level. Phase 1 includes the 4th/Colorado City-owned property (approx. 86,250 total square feet) and Phase 2 includes the Comma Building property and the 4 th Street off-ramp and embankment Diagram B: Full Site in Phases (Phase 1: City-owned, Phase 2: Private)  Phased approach: o Phase 1: Approx. 86,250 SF of public land area o Phase 2: Approx. 43,800 SF of private land area o Optional: Approx. 16,300 SF of public land area (Palm Court)  Access to parking from street/paseo  Parking access from modified 4th Street off-ramp  Pick-up/drop-off along street/paseo  Improved pedestrian realms along 4th, 5th and paseo  Views from freeway-adjacent buildings  Greater potential for providing community benefits  Potential circulation improvements: o 4th Street curb cut and signal o 5th Street signal and crosswalk o New street/paseo o Potential on-site bus/shuttle/kiss- and-ride area along street/paseo o Reconfiguration of Palm Court and 4th Street off-ramp for local access and circulation o Sears tunnel access 23 of 28 (approx. 43,800 square feet). Phase 2 may or may not include Palm Court (approx. 16,300 square feet). The phased approach helps to address the unknown factors of a joint -use partnership with the Comma Building property or realignment of the 4th Street off-ramp by allowing Phase 1 to progress regardless of the unknowns and Phase 2 to develop at a later date. Diagram B assumes the new paseo and reconfigured 4th Street off-ramp to allow circulation around the site and adjustment to Palm Court. Potential Implications to Objectives:  Circulation: This scenario allows for an improved pedestrian realm along 4th and 5th Streets and the new Paseo. The new street will help to break down the block, enforcing the Downtown District’s grid; potentially accommodate kiss -and- ride and shuttle drop-off and pick-up activities; and provide access to the Phase 1 uses with another potential access point anticipated from the existing off -ramp once Phase 2 is complete. With this approach, Palm Court would need to remain for accessing the existing southern office building in Ph ase 1 and any reconfiguration of Palm Court would need to occur in Phase 2, potentially limiting optimal access and circulation benefits. The tunnel connection to the Sears site remains in this scenario and could be used as part of a future circulation str ategy.  Land Use: This scenario presents greater potential for underground parking by gaining efficiencies in the footprint of parking levels and creating Phase 2 access potential at the southern end of the property. Buildings buffered from the freeway support active frontages along the Paseo and 4th Street and appeal to light retail and hotel on the ground floor, and hotel, office, and/or housing above. Buildings adjacent to the freeway offer ocean views, the most direct access to/from the 10 freeway, and appeal to shared parking, hotel, and office.  Urban Design: Lowering of the building on 5th Street to grade level significantly improves the urban design frontages. In this scenario, the pedestrian experience can be improved along the entire edges of 4th and 5th Streets in Phase 1 and the site’s southern edge in Phase 2, making it possible to activate all four sides of the site. This configuration pushes buildings to the south, allowing for pockets of open space to be introduced, tying the three buildings together while increasing site permeability. Attention to design and activation of the road and plaza area will be needed to ensure a safe and comfortable space south of the station.  Economic Feasibility: While this scenario assumes a greater assembly of land area, necessitating higher construction costs, efficiencies gained through the fixed costs of constructing the Paseo and ramping to the subterranean structure should translate into higher revenue generation compared to Diagram A. Increased revenue would make providing certain community benefits, along with a revenue source for BBB operations, more feasible. 24 of 28 Diagram C Diagram C assumes development of the site in one phase, including the City-owned property, Comma Building property, 4th Street off-ramp and embankment, and Palm Court (approx. 146,350 square feet). This single-phase approach would require a joint- use partnership with the Comma Building property and the realignment of the 4 th Street off-ramp. Diagram C creates more dispersed pedestrian passages through the site, encouraging creation of a great plaza, and strong building connection (and adjacency) to the Expo station. Diagram C: Full Site as One Project  Approx. 146,350 SF of public and private land area  Key access to parking from street/paseo and reconfigured 4th Street off-ramp  Potential pick-up/drop-off along street/paseo  Improved pedestrian realms along entire site perimeter (i.e. widened sidewalks, active frontages)  Ocean views from freeway- adjacent buildings  Stronger connection to Expo station  Significant pedestrian connections and gathering places  Greatest potential for providing community benefits  Potential circulation improvements: o 4th Street curb cut and signal o 5th Street signal and crosswalk o New street/paseo o Potential on-site bus/shuttle/kiss- and-ride area along street/paseo o Reconfiguration of Palm Court and 4th Street off-ramp for local access and circulation o Sears tunnel access 25 of 28 Potential Implications to Objectives:  Circulation: Full access and improved pedestrian circulation improvements for the entire site, including expanded sidewalks along 4th and 5th Streets, adjacent to the off-ramp, and through the site, would take place in one comprehensive phase. The new street will help to connect 4th and 5th Streets; break down the block, enforcing the Downtown District’s grid; and accommodate access through the site and to the subterranean structure, which would be accessible by all buildings. By introducing new access points, Palm Court could be recaptured and redesigned to circulate vehicles around the southe rn end of the site and allow for an additional access point to the garage. In this scenario, kiss-and-ride and shuttle drop-off and pick-up could be accommodated on the new Paseo and/or the reconfigured Palm Court. The tunnel connection to the Sears site remains in this scenario and could be used as part of a future circulation strategy.  Land Use: This scenario presents the greatest potential for maximizing underground parking and the accommodation of a full range of uses: office, hotel, light retail, housing, and shared parking. A comprehensive planning effort would allow all buildings to be designed in a way that makes sense for the anticipated use rather than limiting design and use of space based on existing lot lines.  Urban Design: Designed and constructed as one development, this scenario presents the greatest flexibility for multiple designers and diversity on the site, making the most efficient use of the project area, connecting all uses at the site, and resolving complex topography issues. The la yout optimizes new pedestrian connections and significant gathering places through comprehensive urban design improvements, including a sizeable plaza adjacent to the station site. This configuration makes it possible to activate all edges of the station a rea site, including a stronger connection to the Expo station and providing some screening of the TPSS site.  Economic Feasibility: Diagram C provides cost savings by minimizing phasing and the construction time. By assuming all of the land areas develop together, efficiencies realized through fixed costs of constructing the Paseo and ramping to the subterranean structure, coupled with the potential utilization of Palm Court and the area adjacent to the freeway, should translate into higher revenue generation compared to other concepts. Revenue achieved by this concept would make providing community benefits, along with a revenue source for BBB operations, more feasible. The alternatives and their benefits and tradeoffs are presented for discussion to generate feedback to inform continued analysis. Many of the elements and concepts could be altered or combined in future prototypes for analysis. 26 of 28 6. COUNCIL DISCUSSION Using the information presented in this report, staff requests Council feedback on the following considerations to help progress the long-term analysis of the station site.  Consider objectives, are they comprehensive? The objectives derived through the planning process for the station area site reflect the input of community members as well as internal stakeholders. These objectives will be key to assessing long-term strategies and concepts for the site.  Do the community benefit concepts reflect current priorities for this area? The community benefits stem from the LUCE, Draft DSP, Expo, and Esplanade processes and reflect workshops with community members as well as DTSM board members and policy makers. These community benefits will need to be assessed through a pro-forma analysis to gain a better understanding of how they will be provided. Specific community benefits listed are also listed in the Draft DSP.  Should bus facilities be considered for this site and if so, which alternative should be analyzed? The size of bus facility to be located onsite significantly affects site configuration, opportunities for other uses, and financial needs. While it is important that train riders be able to utilize convenient and efficient bus services, potential alternatives range from large on -site to integrated on-street or off-street facilities. Approach to bus integration needs to be determined early because it drives other site opportunities. In order to provide efficient and valuable analysis, it is important to know if potential uses that generate revenue for BBB are preferable to providing an enhanced BBB capital facility.  What should be assumed for site uses and extent? Given the five individual pieces of land included in the study area, there are a number of permutations that could be considered when determining land area and uses. The current contract has scoped for three prototypes to be studied further. The land area and uses will have a significant impact on the pro forma analysis for each prototype.  Recommend broad planning goals and parameters. What other planning approaches or issues should be considered? Joint partnership parameters will be critical to understanding the site performance. Next Steps Staff will continue working with the AECOM urban design team to develop and analyze the land use and urban design concepts for long-term economic viability and access and circulation impacts of assumed site configurations. Staff will address Council comments in the ongoing analysis and potential Gateway Access Master Plan. Staff is anticipating a joint Planning Commission/community meeting in 2016 to solicit feedback on various concepts for additional analysis and/or objectives of a master plan. With additional input, staff will solidify objectives, circulation improvements, and urban design guidelines to be presented to Council for approval. Staff will continue to partner with 27 of 28 community stakeholders throughout the long-term visioning process, and make necessary changes to the Draft DSP to incorporate the master plan language for the freeway-adjacent sites. Financial Impacts and Budget Actions There is no immediate financial impact or budget action necessary as a result of the recommended action. Prepared By: Linda Huynh, Associate Planner Approved Forwarded to Council Attachments: A. Initial Freeway Bridging & Capping/Olympic Crossover Rend ering B. Interim Concepts and Process C. Relevant LUCE Policies D. Station Site Conditions: Layout and Topography E. Bus Facility Scenarios Pros and Cons F. May 11, 2009 Council Staff Report Web Link G. January 19, 2010 Council Staff Report Web Link H. April 12, 2011 Council Staff Report Web Link I. September 13, 2011 Council Staff Report Web Link J. January 24, 2012 Council Staff Report Web Link K. June 10, 2014 Council Staff Report Web Link L. November 25, 2014 Council Staff Report Web Link M. February 24, 2015 Council Staff Report W eb Link N. October 13, 2015 Council Staff Report Web Link 28 of 28 O. August 5, 2015 Planning Commission Staff Report Web Link P. August 5, 2015 Planning Commission Meeting Minutes Web Link Q. Downtown Specific Plan Project Website Web Link Ocean Avenue Main Street Co l o r a d o A v e n u e Ol y m p i c D r i v e Hig h w a y U S - 1 Expo Terminus (future) Palisades Garden Walk (future) The Village Residences (future) Sears City Hall Public Safety Facility Ho l i d a y I n n 4th Street 5th Street Sa n t a M o n i c a P l a c e Sa n t a M o n i c a P l a c e Co u r t h o u s e Pa r k i n g SANTA MONICA CAP PARK - DRAFT FEASIBILITY STUDY 2010 - EXHIBIT 5.26.10 0 25 50 100 [Full Cap] Illustrative PlanN Holi d a y I n n D R A F T ATTACHMENT A - INITIAL FREEWAY BRIDGING & CAPPING/OLYMPIC CROSSOVER RENDERING (2010) ATTACHMENT B - INTERIM CONCEPTS AND PROCESS (1 of 3) Modified BBB Plan with Six Bus Bays Proposed Interim Use | Concept Illustration Santa Monica 4th/Colorado Station Site Studies (4CO Project) 11/25/14 COUNCIL MEETING: ORIGINAL PROPOSED INTERIM USE - CONSIDERED BUT REJECTED Option B “Upper Lot” Plan: Provides a smaller upper lot for shuttles and kiss-and-ride that could possibly be completed in time for Expo’s opening and a fenced-off lower lot. ATTACHMENT L – OPTION A “LOWER LOT” PLAN AND OPTION B “UPPER LOT” PLAN IMAGES Option A “Lower Lot” Plan: Provides a larger lower lot for shuttles and kiss-and-ride that would be completed in fall of 2016 and the opportunity for a future 4th Street curb cut and access. ATTACHMENT B - INTERIM CONCEPTS AND PROCESS (2 of 3) 2/24/15 COUNCIL MEETING: OPTIONS A AND B REVISED INTERIM USE - CONSIDERED BUT COMBINED FOR NEW ALTERNATIVE ATTACHMENT B - INTERIM CONCEPTS AND PROCESS (3 of 3) 2/24/15 COUNCIL MEETING: OPTION C REVISED INTERIM USE - APPROVED Option C “Phased Upper and Lower Lot” Plan: Provides a two-phased interim use concept plan. Phase 1: Construction of two bus pads on 5th Street north of Colorado Ave. and an asphalt upper lot with striping for parking, shuttles, and kiss-and-ride. Phase 2: Construction of an east/west oriented ramp and an asphalt lower lot with striping for shuttles and kiss-and-ride. Upon completion of Phase Two, estimated to occur in Fall 2016, the upper lot would be restriped for parking spaces only. LUCE policies that are relevant to the vision for this site are as follows: • D1.5 Focus new investment in areas of the Downtown District that are accessible to transit, accommodate mixed-use development, contribute to the pedestrian-oriented environment, and support substantial community benefits in areas such as… near the proposed Expo Light Rail Station. • D3.1 Provide design consistency with streetscape and plaza improvements that address the concept of a gateway. • D4.1 Redistribute vehicular traffic to avoid the Colorado Avenue and 4th Street intersection. • T13.4 Design and locate rail stations to support bus access and to reduce the “transfer penalty” between buses and rail. • D7.3 Encourage local-serving office uses in the Downtown, especially in close proximity to the new Expo Light Rail station. • D4.2 Develop a functional interface for transit, shuttles, taxis and other vehicle drop-off and pick-up associated with the station. • D3.2 Ensure pedestrian orientation of ground floor uses in new development. • D12.5 Accommodate and adjust bus service as necessary to support future rail service. ATTACHMENT C - RELEVANT LUCE POLICIES The 4CO site has multiple technical and transportation requirements that shape urban design and land use visioning. Decision makers and staff were careful to ensure that approval of the interim project did not eliminate or restrict any particular long-term use. The following sections describe the information gathered from the analyses to date, so the Planning Commission may consider the vision for the long-term use in the context of this information. Expo Site Layout and Operations In 2011, City staff worked with the Expo Construction Authority on the final station layout. The new design resulted in a straighter track alignment with a smaller station footprint. This creates a more significant remnant parcel and reduces the time the train is in the 5th Street/Colorado Avenue intersection. The station provides immediate north-south stairs at the west end of the station, a fire access road south of the station, and a Traction Power Substation on 5th Street. The City paid over $8 million in station betterment funds for these design changes. Subsequent design of the Esplanade extended connections to the west, north, and south. The 4CO Project is a next step to providing the multi-modal connectivity and access needed to complement the Expo design. ATTACHMENT D - STATION SITE CONDITIONS: LAYOUT AND TOPOGRAPHY (1 of 2) Topography The 4CO Site has complex topography and adjacencies that drive design opportunities and constraints. The site is characterized by several factors, the grade difference between 5th and 4th Streets, the sloping 4th Street Freeway Bridge, and tunnel access between the 4CO and Sears sites. At rough midpoints between Colorado Avenue and the 4th Street off-ramp, 5th Street is approximately 12’ higher than 4th Street. The Station platform (top of the station stairs) is also approximately 12’ higher than 4th Street and close in elevation to 5th Street. While 5th Street remains relatively level adjacent to the station site, the elevation of 4th Street rises 8’ between Colorado Avenue and the 4th Street off-ramp, and rises another 6’ to the highest point of the freeway bridge. Where 4th Street rises 8’ as it moves south, the interior western edge of the site drops approximately 5’ to meet the tunnel underneath 4th Street that connects the station and the Sears sites. These slopes create complex access and floor plate decisions. For example, because of these slopes, any interior ramping to a subterranean bus facility would “chase the grade,” requiring longer ramps, greater expense, and reduced area for bus operations. ATTACHMENT D - STATION SITE CONDITIONS: LAYOUT AND TOPOGRAPHY (2 of 2) 02/24/201508/05/2015 A. Subterranean Facility Concept: Design for accommodating bus operations underground Pros With wayfinding and signage, riders exiting the train could locate buses underground. All bus maneuvers would take place underground, reducing the potential bus/pedestrian conflict. Would allow taxis and shuttles to be accommodated on the Paseo. Would allow an active frontage along 4th Street sidewalk. Cons Extensive ramping due to continuous “chasing the grade” would take up most of site, prove difficult and costly, reduce bus operating efficiencies, and increase distance and time spent accessing loading/unloading zones. Because of extensive ramping and topography of the western portion of the site, access to and from 4th Street would prove very difficult, if not impossible. Requires buses to exit the street to access the underground transit area, complicating routing. On-site bus operations needs left turn movement to 4th Street southbound from Paseo—requires traffic analysis. Hinders pedestrians’ arrival experiences by requiring bus riders to take an escalator/elevator underground. Ramping area reduces leasable area and significantly impacts subterranean parking layout. Would be the most cost intensive option for accommodating bus services on-site. Loses Sears tunnel access. 02/24/201508/05/2015 B. Stand-alone Facility Concept: Design for accommodating on-site bus operations (level with 4th Street, no parking below, no building above) Pros Most visible for passengers exiting the train and most convenient for riders getting dropped off at the station. Allows majority of bus routes to enter site, layover, and perform seamless pick-up and drop-off of passengers The most cost-efficient way to provide for a permanent bus facility onsite. Paseo provides entrance to new building and allows taxis and shuttles to be accommodated on-site. Cons Bus facility footprint would require most of the site and significantly reduce the amount of leasable area. Low revenue uses could preclude financing of other community benefits (i.e. BBB ongoing operations, shared parking, Olympic Crossover, etc.) Would not allow for active frontages along the Paseo and 4th Street, severely impacting the pedestrian experience. Requires buses to exit the street to access the transit area, complicating routing. On-site bus operations needs left turn movement to 4th Street southbound from Paseo—requires traffic analysis. Potential to lose Sears tunnel access. ATTACHMENT E - BUS FACILITY SCENARIOS PROS AND CONS (1 of 3) 02/24/201508/05/2015 C. Construction Above Bus Facility Concept: Design for accommodating bus operations on-site (level with 4th Street) with development above Pros Most visible for passengers exiting the train and most convenient for riders getting dropped off at the station. Allows majority of bus routes to enter site, layover, and perform seamless pick-up and drop-off of passengers. Paseo provides entrance to new building and allows taxis and shuttles to be accommodated on-site. Cons Requires a large portion of the developable site at the ground level (approximately 38,000 sf). Disrupts pedestrian experience – bus facility would necessitate first vertical 25’ of building, does not allow activate frontages along Paseo and 4th Street sidewalks. Requires buses to exit the street to access the transit area, complicating routing. Dictates design of adjacent uses. Reduces access points to underground parking. On-site bus operations needs left turn movement to 4th Street southbound from Paseo—requires traffic analysis. Lack of flexibility – structure cannot easily be converted from a bus facility use to accommodate other uses. Restricts amount of revenue that could be captured through ground leases to finance community benefits (i.e. BBB ongoing operations, shared parking, Crossover, etc.) Would likely require ground leases to fund structure (approx. $27M). Potential to lose Sears tunnel access. 02/24/201508/05/2015 D. Station Platform Grade Facility Concept: Design for accommodating bus operations on-site (level with 5th Street and Station Platform) Pros Most visible for passengers exiting the train and most convenient for riders getting dropped off at the station. Allows majority of bus routes to enter site, layover, and perform seamless pick-up and drop-off of passengers. Paseo provides entrance to new building and allows taxis and shuttles to be accommodated on-site. Cons The footprint of the bus facility would require most of site and significantly reduce the amount of developable space for leasable area. Lack of leasable area could preclude financing of community benefits (i.e. BBB ongoing operations, shared parking, Olympic Crossover, etc.) Would not allow for active frontages along the Paseo or 4th Street, severely impacting the pedestrian experience. Requires buses to exit the street to access the transit area, complicating routing. On-site bus operations needs left turn movement to 4th Street southbound from Paseo—requires traffic analysis. Potential to lose Sears tunnel access. Requires bus access from 4th to be located at east end of site, resulting in bus station entrance/exit conflicting with former 4th Street off-ramp and intersection Ingress and egress to the bus station from 5th Street is difficult to accommodate with Palm Court ATTACHMENT E - BUS FACILITY SCENARIOS PROS AND CONS (2 of 3) 02/24/201508/05/2015 E. On Street + Paseo Concept: Minimal design for accommodating bus operations on- and off- site Pros Bus pick-up/drop-off will be located closest to the station and highly visible for riders exiting the train. Provides opportunity for active pedestrian-oriented frontage along whole paseo. Provides consolidated and efficient use of land while still accommodating limited bus movements on-site. Shorter bus travel distance reduces travel time. Allows for leasable area that could finance community benefits (i.e. BBB ongoing operations, shared parking, Olympic Crossover, etc.) Efficient access to parking and efficient configuration of site to accommodate underground parking. Maintain Sears tunnel access. Cons Can only accommodate up to four buses at one time. Wayfinding and signage will be required for future bus stops along 4th Street (not as intuitive for riders). Requires buses to exit the street to access the transit area, complicating routing. On-site bus operations needs left turn movement to 4th Street southbound from Paseo—requires traffic analysis. Paseo location does not allow for screening the industrial TPSS facility. 02/24/201508/05/2015 F. On Street Concept: Minimal design for accommodating bus operations on site Pros Keeps bus service close to heart of the downtown. Allows for active frontages along train, 4th Street, and Paseo and provides optimal urban design opportunity to design a comfortable and inviting pedestrian experience. Allows flexibility for design of the site and mix of uses. Allows TPSS facility to be partially screened by uses. Provides consolidated and efficient use of land. Allows for more leasable area that could finance community benefits (i.e. BBB ongoing operations, Olympic Crossover, etc.) Good access to parking and efficient configuration of site to accommodate underground parking. Maintain Sears tunnel access. Cons May be difficult for new/single-time users to locate and identify the correct bus for reaching their destination. Can only accommodate a minimal amount of buses at one time, limiting bus service to the site. Off-site bus berths located on the west side of 4th Street will need wayfinding and signage to locate (location may not be that intuitive for riders). Does not provide extra room for off-street bus layovers. ATTACHMENT E - BUS FACILITY SCENARIOS PROS AND CONS (3 of 3)