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sr-112211-7d (2)ID_ City of City Council Report Santa Monica' City Council Meeting: November 22, 2011 Agenda Item: 7-D To: Mayor and City Council From: Dean Kubani, Manager — Office of Sustainability & the Environment Subject: Resolution making necessary local findings and proposed ordinance making local amendments to the California State green building code. Recommended Action Staff recommends that City Council: 1. Approve the attached resolution making local findings necessary to adopt local amendments to the state green building standards code. 2. Introduce for first reading an ordinance modifying Santa Monica Municipal Code (SMMC) Chapters 8.106 and 8.108 to update and amend green building requirements in the city. Executive Summary On January 12, 2010, the State of California adopted new statewide green building requirements (CALGreen) which went into effect on January 1s', 2011. While jurisdictions must adopt the State standards at a minimum, they have the option to adopt more stringent requirements, which the City has done for the last 10 years. The proposed ordinance would make local amendments to the minimum CALGreen standards that were adopted by Council on November 9th, 2010. State law requires that jurisdictions make local findings of climatic, geologic, topographical, or environmental conditions which justify any local amendments to the building code. Discussion Since 2000, the City has adopted green building standards for new buildings. These standards have introduced requirements for water conservation, waste reduction, and green materials where no State requirement existed. They have also exceeded existing State energy efficiency requirements. The State's current energy efficiency standards were updated and adopted in 2008 and took effect in January 2010; In addition, the State adopted the first green building standards code in the nation, known as CALGreen. CALGreen applies to all new construction statewide beginning January 1, 1 2011. CALGreen established minimum mandatory green building requirements in areas of site planning, water efficiency, material use, energy efficiency, and indoor environmental quality. Both CALGreen and the energy efficiency standards will continue to become more stringent as they are regularly revised on the standard triennial building code cycle. The State's revision of the energy efficiency requirements and the introduction of the CALGreen requirements require a revision of the City's green building requirements. The proposed local amendments would: • Streamline the City's green building requirements by removing redundancies caused by overlap with CALGreen • Improve enforcement by clarifying requirement language and by creating exemptions for specific exceptional circumstances • Continue to require higher performance for buildings in Santa Monica in the specific areas of energy efficiency, water conservation, and renewable energy. • Help the City to achieve the goals of the LUCE and the Sustainable City Plan. Summary of proposed local amendments The proposed local amendments would address green building requirements in five specific areas. The local amendments contain waiver provisions for each of these areas, with the exception of the energy efficiency requirements which must be met by all projects. 1) Energy Efficiency All new buildings would be required to be designed to use 15% less energy than the California Energy Code allows. Southern California Edison has performed analyses for each climate zone in the state demonstrating the cost effectiveness of achieving this efficiency for several building types (Attachment C). In addition, all exposed and accessible domestic hot water pipes would be required to be insulated whenever a water heater connected to them is replaced. FA 2) Solar -Ready Construction All new buildings would be required to provide a certain amount of roof space that would be adequate for a future solar photovoltaic system. This roof space would need to meet certain requirements for pitch and orientation, be free from shade and obstructions, and meet fire department requirements. The determination of the amount of roof space is based on experience gained through the Solar Santa Monica program on installations in Santa Monica. There is a deliberate exemption for this requirement for buildings that install a solar energy system of any size to encourage actual solar installation rather than just a solar -ready area. Staff did not include requirements for electrical conduit or panel sizing because those elements could impose a significant and highly unpredictable cost on new buildings, even if solar is never installed in the future. Furthermore, lack of adequate roof space is a much more significant obstacle to solar installations in the city. 3) Water Conservation Existing CALGreen requirements address plumbing fixture conservation in new buildings. Proposed requirements would apply the same conservation requirements to all newly installed plumbing fixtures, thereby capturing remodel and tenant improvement projects as well. 4) Construction & Demolition Waste reduction In addition to administrative language improvements, the proposed requirements would increase the existing waste diversion requirement from 65 to 70 percent and would establish a cap on the performance security for demolition -only projects similar to the existing cap for new construction projects. 5) Solar Pool Heating The proposed requirements would continue requiring new pools to be primarily heated by solar energy but remove the requirement for jacuzzis and spas and industrial process water, as many of those types of systems are incompatible with solar energy systems. Additional improvements to the language would create an exception in other circumstances where solar may not be feasible. 3 Policy Options If the Council does not adopt the proposed local amendments, the existing minimum state requirements under CALGreen and the California Energy Code would remain in effect. To date, 39 other municipalities across the state have adopted local amendments to the California Energy Code and approximately 75 municipalities have adopted local amendments to CALGreen. Adopting above -code green building standards has been specifically identified in the LUCE as one of the City's strategies to reduce ,greenhouse gas emissions, and so alternative strategies may need to be implemented if the Council does not adopt the proposed .local amendments. If the Council does intend to adopt above -code green building standards, the proposed local amendments represent staff's recommendation on specific measures that are cost effective, relevant to Santa Monica's environmental issues and development patterns, and easily enforceable. The utility analysis (Attachment C) and staff's own analysis indicate that the proposed energy efficiency requirement is achievable and cost effective. Any building built to the proposed standard would qualify for utility -based incentive programs, mitigating any potential cost increase. Most of the proposed measures are similar to existing requirements, albeit more stringent. The solar -ready requirement is unique and may have important design implications for aesthetics of buildings. Staff believes that while the proposed requirement will change the way that design teams approach new building projects, it should not pose a substantial limitation on those projects. For projects with challenging design considerations, there is the option of installing an actual solar energy system to meet this requirement. Commission Action On October 13th 2011, the Building and Safety Commission reviewed and discussed the proposed resolution and proposed local amendments. The Commission recommended several minor language modifications, which staff incorporated into the proposed 12 amendments. The Commission recommended that Council approve the proposed resolution and adopt the proposed local amendments as modified. Alternatives If Council does not adopt the proposed local amendments, the existing state requirements in CALGreen and the California Energy Code would continue to be in effect. The Council could also choose to adopt certain parts of the proposed local amendments and not others. Environmental Analysis The Council finds that the adoption of this ordinance is exempt from the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3) which states that projects are exempt when it can be determined with certainty that there is no potential for causing a significant effect on the environment. This ordinance establishes standards for the design, construction, and demolition of buildings, landscaping, and irrigation systems that will reduce human exposure to noxious materials, conserve non - renewable energy and scarce materials, minimize the ecological impact of energy and materials used, support the use of renewable energy and materials that are sustainably harvested, and protect, preserve and restore local air, water, flora and fauna. Public Outreach The State has already conducted extensive public outreach regarding the CALGreen minimum standards. Public outreach concerning additional local green building requirements will be conducted pending Council review and approval of the various proposed requirements. The proposed ordinance was developed with input from several public stakeholder meetings with the building design and construction community. The proposed changes and an invitation to comment have been posted on the City's green building website since March 2010. Public noticing and contact with the Building and Safety and the Office of Sustainability will inform builders and developers 5 of new requirements. The City has had existing green building requirements for years, and since the new requirements build on existing State requirements, the City's existing methods for public outreach on building codes will be adequate. Next Steps If the proposed resolution and proposed local amendments are adopted, the California Energy Commission (CEC) would need to review and approve the proposed local amendments with respect to their energy efficiency provisions and their cost - effectiveness. Preliminary communication with CEC staff indicates that the proposed local amendments are likely to receive approval. Once CEC approves the local amendments, they can return to Council for second reading and adoption. Financial Impacts & Budget Actions The proposed recommended action would not impact the City budget as they would not change the existing enforcement process for issuing building permits. Prepared by: Brenden McEneaney, Green Building Program Advisor Approved: ,�x? Dean Kubani Director, Office of Sustainability and the Environment Attachments: Forwarded to Council: Rod Gould City Manager 1) Proposed Resolution making local findings 2) Proposed Ordinance making local amendments 3) Cost Effectiveness Study of proposed energy efficiency measures 2 Council Meeting 11 -22 -2011 Santa Monica, California ORDINANCE NUMBER (CCS) (City Council Series) AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA AMENDING CHAPTERS 8.106 AND 8.108 OF THE SANTA MONICA MUNICIPAL CODE RELATED TO GREEN BUILDING DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE HANDLING REQUIREMENTS WHEREAS, the City of Santa Monica is committed to maintaining a land use and building permit process that is reasonable and efficient; and WHEREAS, in recent years there has been both worldwide and local concerns raised about escalating energy costs and the effects of global warming; and WHEREAS, buildings consume approximately 70% of the electricity in the United States and building construction and demolition practices consume large quantities of valuable resources; and WHEREAS, the City of Santa Monica has a long standing commitment to leadership in green building standards, sustainable design and construction practices, water and other resource conservation and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions; Me WHEREAS, precious resources can be saved and harmful environmental emissions can be reduced by the inclusion of sustainable construction and demolition 1 practices and by incorporating green building standards, practices and principles into building and landscape design, maintenance, construction and demolition; and WHEREAS, the standards and requirements set forth in this ordinance are consistent in principle with the goals, objectives, policies, land uses and programs specified in the City's adopted General Plan; and WHEREAS, Health and Safety Code Section 18938 provides that the triennial edition of the California Building Standards Code establishes building standards for all occupancies throughout the State and requires that these standards incorporate the latest editions of the Technical Codes with necessary California amendments; and WHEREAS, Health and Safety Code Section 18941.5 provides that the City may establish more restrictive building standards if they are reasonably necessary due to local climatic, geological or topographical conditions; and WHEREAS, Public Resource Code Section 25402.1(h)(2) provides that a local enforcement agency may adopt more restrictive energy standards when they are cost- effective and approved by the Energy Commission; and WHEREAS, at its October 26, 2010 meeting, the City Council considered the 2010 edition of the California Building Standards Codes, which incorporates by reference the various editions of the Technical Codes, and all of the referenced standards, tables, matrices and appendices of each of these Codes therein; and WHEREAS, on November 9, 2010, the City Council adopted Ordinance Number 2328 (CCS), which adopted by reference the 2010 edition of the California Building Standards Codes and the Santa Monica local amendments to these Technical Codes; and 2 WHEREAS, the State Energy Commission staff has consider these proposed energy standards and preliminarily approved the recommended changes; and WHEREAS, based upon the findings contained in the Resolution adopted concurrently with this Ordinance, the City Council has found that certain additional modifications and additions to the California Building Standards Code are reasonably necessary based upon local climatic, topographical and geological conditions; NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA DOES HEREBY ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. Section 8.106.030 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: 8.106.030 Mandatory and voluntary f c e sMeasures. Amend Section 101.10 of the 2010 California Green Building Standards Code to read as follows: 101.10 Mandatory and Voluntary Requi,_` neat- sMeasures. This code contains both mandatory and voluntary green building measures. Mandatory and voluntary measures are identified in the appropriate application checklist contained in this code. The mandatory measures of Chapter 4 and voluntary measures of Appendix A4 are applicable to new low -rise residential buildings. The mandatory measures of Chapter 5 and voluntary measures of Appendix A5 are applicable to all new buildings which are not low -rise residential buildings. k? Section 2. Section 8.106.050 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: 8. 106.050 SustaiRab!WLkdditional Definitions. Amend Section 202 of the 2010 California Green Building Standards Code to include the following: Sustainability. Consideration of present development and construction impacts on the community, the economy, and the environment without compromising the needs of the future. Unshaded. A roof area is considered unshaded if it is unshaded by fixed objects during the maiority of the daylight hours between March 21st and September 21 st. Section 3. Section 8.106.055 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby added as follows: 8.106.055 Low -Rise Residential Energy Eff iciency Amend Section 4.201 of the 2010 California Green Building Standards Code to read as follows: 4.201.1 Energy Efficiency All new buildings shall be designed to use fifteen percent (15 %) less energy than the allowed energy budget established by the California Energy Code. 4.201.3 Solar Pool Pleating a) For new pool construction if the pool is to be heated renewable energy shall be used for such heating provided that: 1) the surface area of the solar collectors used to generate such renewable energy is equal to or greater than seventy- percent (70 %) of the surface area of the pool; or 2) renewable energy provides at least sixty- percent (60 %) of the total energy necessary for heating purpose. b) Electrical resistance heaters that are not powered directly by renewable energy sources shall not be used to heat pool water. C) The requirements of this Section shall be waived or reduced, by the minimum extent necessary, in situations where installation of solar water heating is technically infeasible due to lack of unshaded area to install solar collectors, lack of adequate roof space water pumping energy use exceeding half of the energy derivable from the renewable energy system, or other similar conditions. When a water heater is installed in any new or existing building, all exposed and accessible domestic hot water distribution and recirculation system piping connected to such water heater shall be thermally insulated from the water heater to the end -use fixtures. Insulation thickness shall meet the requirements of the California Energy Code. 4.201.5 Solar Ready Requirements All new buildings shall provide solar -ready roof area to facilitate the installation of future solar energy equipment. a) Such solar -ready roof area shall be: i) Either flat or south - facing with a thirty -three percent (33 %) roof slope (four units vertical in twelve units horizontal) or less; 5 ii) Unshaded; iii) Free from obstructions; iv) In contiquous areas of no less than 100 square feet; and V) Not otherwise required to be left open and unobstructed in order to ensure adequate fire or life - safety protection, including but not limited to required clearances for firefighting access. b) Minimum solar -ready roof space required: i) Single Family Dwellings: 250 square feet ii) All other buildings: thirty percent (30 %) of the total roof area c) Exceptions: The requirements of this Section shall be waived if: i) The building is designed and constructed with a solar energy system that is tied to the electrical grid and is capable of generating electricity; ii) The roof of the building is designed and approved to be used for vehicular traffic or parking; or iii) Compliance is technically infeasible due to lack of sufficient unshaded area based on surrounding conditions, lack of sufficient roof space or other similar conditions. Section 4. Section 8.106.057 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby added as follows: 8.106.057 Low -Rise Residential Plumbing Fixture Requirements Add Section 4.303.1.1 to the 2010 California Green Building Standards Code to read as follows: R 4.303.1.1 Applicability. New plumbing fixtures installed in any new or existing building including additions alterations, and repairs, shall meet the water use specifications established in Section 4.303.1. The requirements of Section 4.303.1.1 shall be waived if the applicant can demonstrate that compliance is technically infeasible due to insufficient waste line carry or other similar conditions. Section 5. Section 8.106.180 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby added as follows: 8.106.180 Non - Residential and High -Rise Residential Energy Efficiency Amend Section 5.201 to the 2010 California Green Building Standards Code to read as follows: 5.201.1 Energy Efficiency All new buildings shall be designed to use fifteen (15 %) less energy than the allowed energy budget established by the California Energy Code. 5.201.3 Solar Pool Heating a) For new pool construction if the pool is to be heated, renewable energy shall be used for such heating provided that: 1) the surface area of the solar collectors used to generate such renewable enercty is equal to or greater than seventy- percent (70 %) of the surface area of the pool; or 2) renewable energy provides at least sixty - percent (60 %) of the total energy necessary for heating purpose. rA b) Electrical resistance heaters that are not powered directly by renewable energy sources shall not be used to heat pool water. C) The requirements of this Section shall be waived or reduced, by the minimum extent necessary, in situations where installation of solar water heating is technically infeasible due to lack of unshaded area to install solar collectors, lack of adequate roof space water pumping energy use exceeding half of the energy derivable from the renewable energy system, or other similar conditions. 5.201.4 Pipe Insulation When a water heater is installed in any new or existing building, all exposed and accessible domestic hot water distribution and recirculation system piping connected to such water heater shall be thermally insulated from the water heater to the end -use fixtures Insulation thickness shall meet the requirements of the California Energy Code. All new buildings shall provide roof area to facilitate the installation of future solar energy equipment. a) Such roof area shall be: i) Either flat or south - facing with a thirtV -three percent (33 %) roof slope (four units vertical in 12 units horizontal) or less; ii) Unshaded; iii) Free from obstructions; iv) In contiguous areas of no less than 100 square feet; and V) Not otherwise required to be left open and unobstructed in order to ensure adequate fire or life- safety protection including but not limited to required clearances for firefighting access. b) Minimum solar -ready roof space required: i) All buildings: thirty percent (30 %) of the total roof area c) Exceptions: The requirements of this Section shall be waived if: i) The building is designed and constructed with a solar energy system that is tied to the electrical grid and is capable of generating electricity; or ii) The roof of the building is designed and approved to be used for vehicular traffic or parking: or iii) Compliance is technically infeasible due to lack of sufficient unshaded area based on surrounding conditions, lack of sufficient roof space or other similar conditions. Section 6. Section 8.106.190 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby added as follows: 8.106.190 Non - Residential and High -Rise Residential Plumbing Fixture Requirements Add Section 5.303.1.1 to the 2010 California Green Building Standards Code to read as follows: 5.303.3 Applicability. New plumbing fixtures installed in any new or existing building, including additions alterations and repairs, shall meet the water use specifications established in Section 5.303.2. 9 The requirements of Section 5.303.3 shall be waived if the applicant can demonstrate that compliance is technically infeasible due to insufficient waste line carry or other similar conditions. Section 7. Section 8.108.110 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: apply: 8.108.110 Definitions. For the purposes of Subpart C of this Chapter, the following definitions shall .. .,- .. - i- -- (ab) "Class III landfill' means a landfill that accepts non - hazardous resources such as household, commercial, and industrial waste, resulting from construction, remodeling, repair, and demolition operations. A Class III landfill must have a solid waste facilities permit from the California - Integrated I. "1aste "�" anagement Board (CIWM State of California and +s-be regulated by an Enforcement Agency-(EA). (td) "Construction and demolition material' (C &D Material) means building materials and solid waste resulting from construction, remodeling, repair, cleanup, or ice subdivisie-R, agency, association, partRership, political government City for the to demolitien, renov applicable permits undertake any GenstpuGtien, or (ab) "Class III landfill' means a landfill that accepts non - hazardous resources such as household, commercial, and industrial waste, resulting from construction, remodeling, repair, and demolition operations. A Class III landfill must have a solid waste facilities permit from the California - Integrated I. "1aste "�" anagement Board (CIWM State of California and +s-be regulated by an Enforcement Agency-(EA). (td) "Construction and demolition material' (C &D Material) means building materials and solid waste resulting from construction, remodeling, repair, cleanup, or ice demolition operations that are not hazardous as defined in California Code of Regulations, Title 22 Section 66261.3 et seq. This term includes, but is not limited to, asphalt, concrete, Portland cement concrete, brick, lumber, gypsum wallboard, cardboard, and other associated packaging, roofing material, ceramic tile, carpeting; plastic pipe and steel. The material may be commingled with rock, soil, tree stumps; and other vegetative matter resulting from land clearing and landscaping for construction or land development projects. (ce) "C &D recycling center" means a facility that receives only C &D material that has been separated for reuse prior to receipt, in which the residual (disposed) amount of waste in the material is less than ten percent of the average weight of material separated for reuse received by the facility over a one month period. (49 "City- sponsored project' means a project constructed by the City or a project receiving fifty percent or more of its financing from the City. (eg) "Conversion rate" means the rate set forth in the standardized conversion rate table approved by the City pursuant to this Chapter for use in estimating the volume or weight of materials identified in the waste management plan. @4) "Covered project' shall have the meaning set forth in Section 8.108.120. ._ ,..- ._ 11 UN- "I'M MMMIMM - e_ FIZZ (gd) "Divert" means to use material for any purpose other than disposal in a landfill or transformation facility. (hf:i) "Diversion requirement' means the diversion of at least skty4iveseventy percent of the total construction and demolition material generated by a project via reuse or recycling, unless the applicant has been granted an exemption pursuant to Section 8.108.170, in which case the diversion requirement shall be the maximum feasible diversion rate established by the waste management plan Compliance Official in relation to the project. 12 lid _ IMUM W `Ki wa$te,�rai�n�n nmm�letad a +s I'fa n nln µs w nnncNmar i +am onr� rdnoc not innk ,.7 beught by the a „car! and then renvnled "eta anathema .. ... r, , -p ..._ �. _llttlit- (iv) 'Project' means any activity which requires an application for a building or demolition permit or any similar permit from the City. (w) "Recycled product" as defiiied . R PUbliG I—entraGt Code SeGtion 12200(a) means a!! —at--Fials, goods, and suppli —,wi#4--no less than fifty P8FGeRt of the ight --f .-Midh -e-nsists of secondary and Post GGRGHmer material with net less than ten percent ef its total weight Gensisting, of post consumer material. This defini applies to paper PFGduGts, plastic products, GOFnpGst and GO GOMPOSt -I--- -,o PfGd6IG'S. A recycled tpreduct includes products that G9U!A- have been disposed as solid refurbished for reuse wit apt) 'Recycling" means the process of collecting, sorting, cleansing, treating, and reconstituting materials for the purpose of using the altered form in the manufacture of a new product. Recycling does not include burning, incinerating, or thermally destroying solid waste. /v\ "Renavatian" means a 4 nhan y a , addit'nn ar Mad-ifiAatie.n. in. an 'sting Qkz) "Reuse" means the use, in the same or similar form as it was produced, of a material which might otherwise be discarded. 14 (eel "Separated for reuse" means materials, including commingled recyclables, that have been separated or kept separate from the solid waste stream for the purpose of additional sorting or processing of those materials for reuse or recycling in order to return them to the economic mainstream in the form of raw material for new, reused; or reconstituted products which meet the quality standards necessary to be used in the marketplace, and includes source separated materials. (f#m) "Solid waste" as per Public Resources Code Section 40191 means all putrescible and non - putrescible solid, semisolid, and liquid wastes, including garbage, trash, refuse; paper, rubbish, ashes, industrial wastes, demolition and construction wastes, abandoned vehicles and parts thereof, discarded home and industrial 15 appliances, dewatered, treated, or chemically fixed sewage sludge which is not hazardous waste, manure, vegetable or animal solid and semisolid wastes, and other discarded solid and semisolid wastes. "Solid waste" does not include any of the following wastes: (1) Hazardous waste, as defined in PRC Section 40141; (2) Radioactive waste regulated pursuant to the Radiation Control Law (Chapter 8 (commencing with Section 114960) of Part 9 of Division 104 of the Health and Safety Code); (3) Medical waste regulated pursuant to the Medical Waste Management Act (Part 14 (commencing with Section 117600) of Division 104 of the Health and Safety Code). (ggn) "Source separated materials" means materials that are sorted at the site of generation by individual material type including commingled recyclable materials for the purpose of recycling; i.e., loads of concrete that are source - separated for delivery to a recycling facility. (oii) "Waste hauler' means a company that possesses a valid permit from the City of Santa Monica to collect and transport solid wastes from individuals or businesses for the purpose of recycling or disposal under the City of Santa Monica's name. W Wp) "Waste management plan" (WMP) means a completed waste management plan form, approved by the City for the purpose of compliance with this Chapter, submitted by the applicant for any covered or non - covered project. (kkq) "Waste management plan compliance official" means the Director- of with enforcement of this Subpart. Section 8. Section 8.108.120 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: 8.108.120 Threshold for covered projects. (a) Private Projects. All construction and demolition projects the total costs of which are, or are projected to be, fifty thousand dollars or greater, or are one thousand square feet or greater, and all demolition -only projects shall be considered covered roiects. "vered ^Y ^ion +s "\ shall be required + di -4 at least si)d f re nernent of all (b) City- Sponsored Projects. All City- sponsored construction, demolition and renovation projects shall be subject to this Chapter, and consequently, shall be considered covered projects. 17 Section 9. Section 8.108.130 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: 8.108.130 Submission of a waste management plan. (a) WMP Forms. Applicants for construction or demolition permits involving a covered project shall complete and submit a waste management plan (WMP), on a WMP form approved by the City for this purpose, as part of the application packet for the construction or demolition permit. The completed WMP shall indicate all of the following: (1) The estimated volume or weight of the project C &D material, by material type, to be generated; (2) The maximum volume or weight of such materials that can feasibly be diverted via reuse or recycling; (3) The vendor or facility where the applicant proposes to use to collect or receive that material; -apA (4) The estimated volume or weight of C &D materials that will be landfilled in Class III landfills and inert disposal facilities. (5) A commitment that only City permitted waste haulers would be used. (b) Calculating Volume and Weight of Material. In estimating the volume or weight of materials identified in the WMP, the applicant shall use the conversion rates approved by the City for this purpose. - - 22.011 - - -- iR': Section 10. Section 8.108.140 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: 8.108.140 Performance security. The project applicant shall submit a performance security with the WMP. For construction and demolition projects, the amount of the performance security shall be calculated as the lesser of three percent of total project cost or thirty thousand dollars ($30,000). For demolition -only projects, the amount of the performance security shall be calculated at the rate of one dollar per square foot with a one thousand dollar ($1,000) minimum and thirty- thousand dollar ($30,000) maximum performance security required. Section 11. Section 8.108.150 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: 8.108.150 Review of WMP. {aj-- Approval. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Code, no building or demolition permit shall be issued for any covered project unless and until the WMP Compliance Official has reviewed and approved the WMP. Approval shall not be required, however, where an emergency demolition is required to protect public health 19 or safety. The WMP Compliance Official shall only approve a WMP if he or she first determines that all of the following conditions have been met: (1) The WMP provides all of the information set forth in Section 8.108.130. (2) The WMP indicates that at least sixty-fives eventy percent of all C &D material generated by the project will be diverted or an exemption has been approved pursuant to Section 8.108.170. (3) The applicant has submitted an appropriate performance security in compliance with Section 8.108.140. IR =46-101H •_ i- - - - ce Section 12. Section 8.108.160 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: 8.108.160 Compliance with WMP. (a) Documentation. Within thirty days after the completion of any covered project, the applicant shall submit to the WMP Compliance Official documentation that it has met the diversion requirement for the project. Applicant shall provide a summary of efforts used to meet the diversion requirement and also provide the following documentation: (1) Receipts from the vendor or facility which collected or received each material showing the actual weight or volume of that material; (2) Weight slips /count of material salvaged or reused in current project; (3) A copy of the previously approved WMP for the project adding the actual volume or weight of each material diverted and landfilled; (4) Any additional information the applicant believes is relevant to determining its efforts to comply in good faith with this Chapter. (b) Weighing of Wastes. Applicants shall make reasonable Pfforts te ensure that all C &D material diverted or landfilled are measured and recorded using the most accurate method of measurement available. To the extent practical, all C &D material shall be weighted by measurement on scales. Such scales shall be in compliance with all State and County regulatory requirements for accuracy and maintenance. For C &D 21 material for which weighing is not practical due to small size or other considerations, a volumetric measurement shall be used. For conversion of volumetric measurements by weight, the applicant shall use the standardized conversion rates approved by the City for this purpose. (c) Determination of Compliance and Release of Performance Security. The WMP Compliance Official shall review the information submitted under subsection (a) of this Section to determine whether the applicant has complied with the diversion requirement as follows: (1) Full Compliance. If the WMP Compliance Official determines that the applicant has fully complied with the diversion requirement applicable to the project, he or she shall cause the full performance security to be released to the applicant. (2) Failure to Comply. If the WMP Compliance Official determines that the diversion requirement has not been met, he or she shall return only that portion of the performance security equivalent to the portion of C &D material actually diverted compared to the portion that should have been diverted according to the WMP. Any portion of the performance security not released to the applicant shall be forfeited to the City, and shall be used to recover costs associated with sorting mixed C &D loads at the City recycling center. If the WMP Compliance Official determines that the applicant has fully failed to comply with the diversion requirement or if the applicant fails to submit the documentation required by subsection (a) of this Section within the required time period, then the entire performance security shall be forfeited to the City. All forfeited performance securities shall be used to recover costs associated with sorting mixed C &D loads at the City recycling center. 22 Section 13. Section 8.108.170 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: 8.108.170 Exemption. (a) Application. If an applicant believes it is infeasible to comply with the diversion requirements of this Chapter due to the circumstances delineated in this Section, the applicant may apply for an exemption at the time that he or she submits the required WMP. Exemptions may be granted based on the following considerations: (1) Lack of storage space onsite; (2) Contamination by hazardous substances; (3) Low recyclability of specific materials. The applicant shall indicate on the WMP the maximum rate of diversion he or she believes is feasible for each material and the specific circumstances that he or she believes make it infeasible to comply with the diversion requirement. (b) Meeting ith WMP Compliance OffiGial The WW ('. rnplia nG e Official 23 (bs) Granting of Exemption. If the WMP Compliance Official determines that it is infeasible for the applicant to meet the diversion requirement due to unique circumstances, he or she shall determine the maximum feasible diversion rate for each material and shall indicate this rate on the WMP submitted by the applicant. The o VV MP 'GT'!>•Z�'•1f.1[.Si - u • • • rs��_ fir; IsYeT-. a*l tRe*. e*. �e3e?!?�_r._�r_�as�rr- rs�ey3aEg is possible for the appliGaRt to meet the diversion requirement, he or she shall infiqfm tIh-_ ^ar ^''^p�, *gig. Upon a denial by the WMP Compliance official, Tthe applicant shall have thirty days to resubmit a WMP form in full compliance with Section 8.108.130. If the applicant fails to resubmit the WMP, or if the resubmitted WMP does not comply with Section 8.108.130, the WMP Compliance Official shall deny the WMP. Section 14. Section 8.108.180 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: 8.108.180 Appeal. The applicant or any interested person may appeal to a Hearing Examiner from any ruling of the WMP Compliance Official made pursuant to this Chapter in accordance with Section 6.16.030. Notice of any appeal from the ruling of the WMP Compliance Official must be filed within ten days of the date that such ruling is.macr-q the juFisdiGtion of the VVMP GGmjAaRGe OffiGial, shall he appealable to the City Council or too any Mk" b I -ody or official. 24 Section 15. Section 8.108.190 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended as follows: 8.108.190 Enforcement. -Mae - .- . .- _. TTST.1 25 (a) The City Attorney may enforce the provisions of this Subpart by means of a civil action. (b) Any person who violates any provision of this Subpart shall be subject to administrative fines and administrative penalties pursuant to Chapters 1.09 and 1.10 of this Code. (c) Nonexclusive Remedies and Penalties. The remedies provided in this Subpart are not exclusive, and nothing in this Subpart shall preclude any person from seeking any other remedies, penalties or procedures provided by law. (44) It shall not be a defense to the assessment of any penalty or to any other civil or administrative enforcement action provided for under this Section for a person to assert that any violation of this Subpart was caused by the actions of a person other than the person assessed except if the violation was caused by the criminal or negligent action of a person who was not an agent, servant, employee or family member of the person. (e5) Any penalty collected hereunder shall be deposited in the Refuse Fund to be used as reimbursement for the D,..,a.+m__t of c^ ^nrnenta' and Public Works 11, Depart menlManagement's costs and expenses of administration and enforcement of this Chapter. ce Section 16. Section 8.108.020 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby repealed. :mmr.�nrsrr.�mrssrn Section 17. Section 8.108.030 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby repealed. issued by the Director Environme-nt�al Publin Works Management. appFeved and Materials be fer of and P-R the based their mMpaGtS GR d6lFab*ty, shall selected -list on lew eFnm66'GRG, and resource energy eff'Giency, water use depletion. effiGieRGY, recycled Gontent, Section 18. Section 8.108.040 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby repealed. 27 ■ _ _ _ Rs��TJTT.7rZtGSSrZS71:� - - KI ., Section 19. Section 8.108.050 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby repealed. 8.108.050 D •# laR sheGk n q for 1 GCn ner#ifieri 61-101 lin..s ., Mr a . ^y . y L.\ New buildings and existing h ildinns whose r epair, al# to this Sec4ieri their LEED GheG!(Ii6t tO the City indioath4q subseetmen (a) of must submit Annlin.+nfs f�f the they iRteRd to Est also clearly enify #h aim GFedits pursue. they to the Gredits 'R the M. MIIL The City Council by ll elution a fine #e he imposed (G) may that fail to LEF-D for any that FeGeived PF9jeGtS aGhieve h 4 n resess'n g n rn nn# #e this SeGtion. projec4 priority pkan to this Sec4ieri their LEED GheG!(Ii6t tO the City indioath4q subseetmen (a) of must submit Annlin.+nfs f�f the they iRteRd to Est also clearly enify #h aim GFedits pursue. they to the Gredits 'R the materials, systems and strategies will use aGhieve plares The City Council by ll elution a fine #e he imposed (G) may that fail to LEF-D for any that FeGeived PF9jeGtS aGhieve h 4 n resess'n g n rn nn# #e this SeGtion. projec4 priority pkan 29 Section 20. Section 8.108.060 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby repealed. - - - - - - - serrs� 30 0,634 fer fart., ..allen ,.,.,ter hea ters; 8 water heater b. 0.615 far fifty gallon A. 0.596 for aallen .eater heaters; sixty d. 0.568 feF seventy five hoe +oro,l input oanaoities a .,eer'n . seventy five gallon water n unn for +ankless water heaters e /••\ Dornestin water heates with thousand Btu/h have ne le6s thaR eighty four peFGent. installer! by the time mu6t a reGovery efficienoy /i"\ All dishwashers refFa raters r! n olethes i f final 'n on+'nn m have n Energy Star ra+'ne washers 6t Ne h..n',�al 1' II h ,,+ ^IIed for the The •,tenoe eiiG�m °u�ia �— tYtl- n�° ccrTUrrttW�vmm��E :- -i��CGnCtl�m�ic� c°ri' ��,vc velene m e 31 �zrrss�:ne 32 :MARIM1Twrr&T - TSST- LS7TSS 33 - - Section 21. Any provision of the Santa Monica Municipal Code or appendices thereto inconsistent with the provisions of this Ordinance, to the extent of such inconsistencies and no further, is hereby repealed or modified to that extent necessary to effect the provisions of this Ordinance. Section 22. If any section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase of this Ordinance is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a decision of any court of competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Ordinance. The City Council hereby declares that it would have passed this Ordinance and each and every section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase not declared invalid or unconstitutional without regard to whether any portion of the ordinance would be subsequently declared invalid or unconstitutional. 01 Section 23. The Mayor shall sign and the City Clerk shall attest to the passage of this Ordinance. The City Clerk shall cause the same to be published once in the official newspaper within 15 days after its adoption. This Ordinance shall become effective 30 days from its adoption. APPROVED AS TO FORM: ), U aL U & 4� � MARSI A JO E MOU RIE City At r ey [c i Codes and Standards Title 24 Energy- Efficient Local Ordinances Title: Climate Zone 6 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study Prepared for: Randall Higa Senior Engineer Southern California Edison 626.815.7259 Email: Randall.Higa@sce.com Prepared by: Michael Gabel Gabel Associates, LLC 510.428.0803 Email: mike(a)gabelenergv.com Last Modified: December 24, 2009 S001HERN CALIFORNIA EDISOM M SDISON IWERNATIONA 11 Compeer LEGAL NOTICE This report was prepared by Southern California Edison Company and funded by the California utility customers under the auspices of the California Public Utilities Commission. Copyright 2009 Southern California Edison Company. All rights reserved, except that this document may be used, copied, and distributed without modification. Neither SCE nor any of its employees makes any warranty, express of implied; or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any data, information, method, product, policy or process disclosed in this document; or represents that its use will not infringe any privately -owned rights including, but not limited to, patents, trademarks or copyrights. Table of Contents 1.0 Executive Summary .............. ............................... 1 2.0 Impacts of Exceeding the 2008 Title 24 Standards ..................... 2 3.0 Cost Effectiveness .............. ............................... 18 1.0 Executive Summary This report presents the results of Gabel Associates' research, analysis and review of the feasibility and energy cost - effectiveness of building permit applicants exceeding the 2008 Building Energy Efficiency Standards by 15% in Climate Zone 6 in several case studies which reflect a variety of building types. The study contained in this report may be useful in several ways to local governments who are considering adoption of green building ordinances. First, as a source of information to better understand and discuss the energy cost - effectiveness of exceeding the state's energy standards within a local ordinance; and second, as the cost - effectiveness study that may be included in an application to the California Energy Commission (CEC) by a local government seeking to meet the requirements specified in Section 10 -106 of the California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 1, Locally Adopted Energy Standards. The energy requirements of a local green building ordinance are not legally enforceable until the CEC has reviewed and approved the local energy standards as fulfilling all requirements of Section 10 -106, the Ordinance has been adopted by the local jurisdiction and has filed with the Building Standards Commission. The 2008 Building Energy Efficiency Standards, effective January 1, 2010, have been used as the baseline used in calculating the energy performance of efficiency measures summarized in this study. Energy Cost- Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 1 2.0 Impacts of Exceeding the 2008 Title 24 Standards The energy performance impacts of exceeding the performance requirements of the 2008 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards have been evaluated in Climate Zone 6 using several prototypical designs which collectively reflect a broad range of building types, including: • Single family house: 2 -story 2,025 sf • Single family house: 2 -story 4,500 sf • Low -rise Multi- family building, 8 dwelling units: 2 -story 8,442 sf • High -rise Multi- family building, 40 dwelling units: 4 -story 36,800 sf Nonresidential office building: 1 -story, 10,580 sf • Nonresidential office building: 5- story, 52,900 sf The methodology used in the case studies is based on a design process for buildings that meet or exceed the energy standards, and includes the following: (a) Each prototype building design is tested for compliance with the 2008 Standards, and the mix of energy measures are adjusted using common construction options so the building first just meets the Standards. The set of energy measures chosen represent a reasonable combination which reflects how designers, builders and developers are likely to achieve a specified level of performance using a relatively low first incremental (additional) cost (b) Starting with that set of measures which is minimally compliant with the 2008 Standards, various energy measures are upgraded so that the building just exceeds the 2008 standards by 15 %. The design choices by the consultant authoring this study are based on many years of experience with architects, builders, mechanical engineers; and general knowledge of the relative acceptance and preferences of many measures, as well as their incremental costs. This approach tends to reflect how building energy performance is typically evaluated for code compliance and how it's used to select design energy efficiency measures. Note that lowest simple payback with respect to building site energy is not the primary focus of selecting measures; but rather the requisite reduction of Title 24 Time Dependent Valuation(TDV) energy at a reasonable incremental cost consistent with other non - monetary but important design considerations. (c) A minimum and maximum range of incremental costs of added energy efficiency measures is established by a variety of research means. A construction cost estimator, Building Advisory LLC, was contracted to conduct research to obtain current measure cost information for many energy measures; and Gabel Associates performed its own additional research to establish first cost data. Site energy in kWh and therms, is calculated from the Title 24 simulation results to establish the annual energy savings, energy cost savings and CO2- equivalent reductions in greenhouse gases. Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 2 2.1 Single Family Homes The following energy design descriptions of single family building prototypes Must meet the 2008 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards in Climate Zone 6: CZ6: Single Family House 2,025 square feet, 2 -story, 20.2% glazing /floor area ratio Roof w/ Radiant Barrier R -13 Walls R -0 Slab on Grade R -30 Raised Floor over Garage /Open at 2nd Floor Low E2 Vinyl Windows, U =0.36, SHGC =0.30 Furnace: 80% AFUE Conditioner: None 3 Attic Ducts Gallon Gas Water Heater: EF =0.62 CZ6: Single Family House 4,500 square feet, 2 -story, 22.0% glazing /floor area ratio R -19 Roof w/o Ra R -13 Walls R -19 Raised Floor Low E2 Vinyl Windows, U =0.36, SHGC =0.30 (2) Furnaces: 80% AFUE Air Conditioner: None R -4.2 Attic Ducts Instantaneous Gas Energy Efficiency Measures Needed to Meet the Ordinance The following tables list the energy features and /or equipment included in the Title 24 base design, the efficient measure options, and an estimate of the incremental cost for each measure included to improve the building performance to use 15% less TDV energy than the corresponding Title 24 base case design. Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 3 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Single Family Prototype: 2,025 SF, Option 1 2025 sf Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures Change Type Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Incremental Cost Estimate Min Min Max Avg R -38 Roof w/ Radiant Barrier $ 649 $ - $ 541 $ - R -21 Wails from R-13): 2,550 sf @ $0.45 to $0.70 /sf 791 Upgrade $ 1,148 $ 1,785 $ 1,466 R -0 Slab on Grade $ - $ - $ - $ - R -19 Raised Floor over Garage /Open at 2nd Floor R-30): 448 sf @ $0.25 to $0:35 /sf (from Downgrade $ 157 $ 112 $ 134 Low E2 Vinyl Windows, U =0.36, SHGC =0.30 $ - $ - $ - $ - Furnace: 80 %AFUE - - $ - $ - $ - Air Conditioner: None AirConditioner: None - $ - $ - $ - R -8 Attic Ducts Downgrade - $ - $ - $ - Reduced Duct Leaka e/Testin HERS $ Upgrade $ 300 $ 600 $ 450 50 Gallon Gas Water Heater: EF =0,62 - $ $ - $ - $ - Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ $ 1,291 $ 2,273 $ 1,782 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: 1 $ $ 0.64 $ 1.12 $ 0.88 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Single Family Prototype: 2,025 SF, Option 2 2025 sf Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg R -19 Roof w/ Radiant Barrier (from R -38 w /Radiant Barrier): 1,443 sf @ 0.30 to 0.45 /sf Dawn rade $ 649 $ 433 $ 541 R -19 Walls from R -13 : 2,550 sf Q '$0.31 to $0.541sf Upgrade $ 791 $ 1,377 $ 1,084 R -0 Slab on Grade $ - $ - $ - R -19 Raised Floor over Garage /Open at 2nd Floor (from R-30): 448 sf @ $0.25 to 10.35/sf Downgrade $ 157 $ 112 $ 134 Quality Insulation Installation (HERS) Upqrade $ 450 $ 600 $ 525 Low E2 Vinyl Windows U =0.36 SHGC =0.30 $ - $ - $ - Furnace: 80% AFUE $ - $ - $ - AirConditioner: None $ - $ - $ - R -6 Attic Ducts from R -8 Downgrade $ 325 $ 225 $ 275 Reduced Duct Leakage/Testing HERS Upgrade $ 300 $ 600 $ 450 50 Gallon Gas Water Heater: EF =0.62 $ - $ - $ - Pi e Insulation Upqrade $ 150 $ 200 $ 175 Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficient Measures: $ 559 1 $ 2,007 $ 1,283 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0.281$ 0.99 1 $ 0.63 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12/24/09 Page 4 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Single Family Prototype: 4.500 SF, Option 1 4500 sf Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg R -30 Roof w/ Radiant Barrier (from R -19 w/o Radiant Barrier): 2,700 sf @ 0.50 to 0.65 /sf Upgrade $ 1,350 $ 1,755 $ 1,553 R -13 Walls Upgrade $ $ - $ - $ - R- 19Raised floor . - $ - $ - $ - Low E2 Vinyl Windows, U =0:36; SHGC =0.30 - $ - $ - $ - 2 Furnaces: 80 %AFUE - $ - $ - $ - Air Conditioner: None - $ - $ - $ - R -6 Attic Ducts from R -4.2 - $ - $ - $ - Reduced Duct Leaka effestin HERS Upgrade $ 600 $ 1,200 $ 900 2 Instantaneous Gas Water Heater: RE =0.80 - $ - $ - $ - Pi e Insulation 1705 sf house Upgrade $ 300 $ 400 $ 350 Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: 0.48 $ 2,250 $ 3,356 $ 2,803 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0.50 $ 0.76 $ 0.62 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Single Family Prototype: 4,500 SF, Option 2 4500 sf Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg R -30 Roof w/ Radiant Barrier (from R -19 w/o Radiant Barrier): 2,700 sf @ 0.50 to 0.65 /sf Upgrade $ 1,350 $ 1,755 $ 1,553 R -15 Walls from R-13): 2,518 sf @ $0.14 to $0.18/sf Upgrade $ 353 $ 453 $ 403 R -19 Raised Floor $ - $ - $ - Quality Insulation Installation HERS Upgrade $ 450 $ 600 $ 525 Low E2 Vinyl Windows, U =0.36, SHGC =0.30 $ - $ - $ - 2 Furnaces: 80 %AFUE - $ - $ - $ - AirConditioner:None $ - $ - $ - R -4.2 Attic Ducts $ - $ - $ - 2 Instantaneous Gas Water Heater: RE =0.80 $ - $ - $ - Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ 2,153 $ 2,808 $ 2,480 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0.48 $ 0.62 $ 0.55 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 5 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15 %. Single Family Prototype: 4,500 SF, Option 3 4500 sf Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Av R -19 Roof w/ Radiant Barrier (from R -19 w/o Radiant Barrier): 2,700 sf @ 0.25 to 0.30 /sf Upgrade $ 675 $ 810 $ 743 R -21 Walls from R-13): 2,518 sf @ $0.45 to $0.50 /sf Upgrade $ 1,133 $ 1,259 $ 1,196 R -19 Raised Floor - $ - $ - $ - Low E2 Vinyl Windows U =0.36, SHGC =0:30 - $ - $ - $ - 2 Furnaces: 80 %AFUE - $ $ - $ - Air Conditioner: None - $ - $ - $ - R -4.2 Attic Ducts - $ - $ - $ - 2 Instantaneous Gas Water Heater: RE =0.82 from 0.80 Upgrade $ 400 $ 600 $ 500 Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ 2,208 $ 2,669 $ 2,439 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0.49 $ 0.69 $ 0.64 2.2 Low -rise Multi- family Residential Building The following is the energy design description of the low -rise multifamily building prototype which just meets the 2008 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards: CZ6: Low -rise Multi- family: 2 -story 8,442 square feet, 8 units, 12.5% glazing res R -13 Walls R -0 Slab on Grade Low E Vinyl Windows, U =0.40, SHGC =0.36 (8) Furnaces: 80 %AFUE Air Conditioners: None R -4.2 Attic Ducts (8) 40 Gallon Gas Water Heaters: EF =0.60 Energy Efficiency Measures Needed to Meet the Ordinance The following tables list the energy features and /or equipment included in the Title 24 base design, the efficient measure options, and an estimate of the incremental cost for each measure included to improve the building performance to use 15% less TDV energy than the corresponding Title 24 base case design. Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12/24/09 Page 6 Climate Zone 6 Energy Measures Needed to Meet the Ordinance Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Single Family Prototype: 8,442 SF, Option 1 8442 sf Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg R -30 Roof w/ Radiant Barrier (from R -19 w /Radiant Barrier): 4,221 sf @ 0.25 to 0.35 /sf Upgrade $ $ 1,055 $ 1,477 $ 1,266 R -21 Walls from R -13 ):10,146 sf @ $0.45 to $0.70 /sf Upgrade - $ 4,566 $ 7,102 $ 5,834 R -0 Slab on Grade - $ $ - $ - $ - Low E Vinyl Windows U =0.40, SHGC =0.36 $ 1477 $ - $ - $ - 8 Furnaces: 80% AFUE - - $ Air Conditioners: None $ - $ - AirConditioners:None $ - $ - $ - $ - R -8 Attic Ducts from R -4.2 Upgrade (8) Instantaneous Gas Water Heaters: EF =0.79 (from (8) 40 Gallon Gas 0.60 EF $ 2,000 $ 3 000 $ 2,500 8 40 Gallon Gas Water Heaters: EF =0.63 from EF =0:60 Upgrade $ 800 $ 12,123 $ 1,400 Total Incremental Cost of Ener Efficient Measures: $ $ 8,421 E$E2,000 ,580 $ 11,000 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 1.00 $ 1.61 $ 1.30 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Single Family Prototype: 8.442 SF, Option 2 8442 sf Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg R -19 Roof w/ Radiant Barrier $ - $ - $ R -13 Walls - $ - $ - $ R -0 Slab on Grade - $ - $ - $ Dual Clear Vinyl Windows, U =0.50, SHGC =0.60 (from Low E, U =0.40 SHGC =0.36: 1,055 sf @ $1.40- $1.75/sf Downgrade $ 1,846 $ 1477 $ 1,662 8 Furnaces: 80% AFUE $ - $ - $ - Air Conditioners: None $ - $ - $ - R -4.2 Attic Ducts $ - $ - $ - (8) Instantaneous Gas Water Heaters: EF =0.79 (from (8) 40 Gallon Gas 0.60 EF Upgrade $ 7,600 $ 13,600 $ 10,600 Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficient Measures: $ 5,754 $ 12,123 $ 8,938 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0.68 $ 1.44 $ 1.06 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 7 2.3 High -rise Multifamily Building The following is the energy design description of the high -rise multifamily building prototype which just meets the 2008 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards: Title 24 Base Case Design for Options 1 & 2 IEnergy Efficiency Measures to Meet Title 24 Roof Reflectance =0.30, Emittance =0.75 R -19 in Metal Frame Walls R -4 (1.25 ") Raised Slab over parking garage Metal Windows, NFRC U =0.66, SHGC =0.39 FTC 1 -ton units: COP =3, EER =11.1 DHW boiler: 95% AFUE and recirculating system w/ timer - iture controls Title 24 Base Case Design for Option 3 Energy Efficiency Measures to Meet Title 24 R -26 (4 ") riaid insulation: No Cool Roof 9 in Metal Frame Walls (5/8 ") Raised Slab over parking garage ault Dual Metal Windows, U =0.79, SHGC =0.70 ipe fan coil, 80% AFUE boiler, no cooling DHW boiler: 80% AFUE and recirculating system w/ timer - ture controls CZ6: High -rise Residential: 4 -story 36,800 sf, 40 units, Window Wall Ratio =35.2% Energy Efficiency Measures Needed to Meet the Ordinance The following tables list the energy features and /or equipment included in the Title 24 base design, the efficient measure options, and an estimate of the incremental cost for each measure included to improve the building performance to use 15% less TDV energy than the corresponding Title 24 base case design. Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 8 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% High -rise Residential Prototype: 36,800 SF, Option 1 Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg R -26 (4 ") rigid insulation; No Cool Roof, 9,200 sf $0.30 - $0.40 sf Down rade $ 3,174 $ 4,232 $ 3,703 R -19 in Metal Frame Walls $ - $ - $ - R -4 1.25' K -13 spray-on) Raised Slab over parking garage Upgrade $ - $ - $ - Metal Windows, NFRC U =0.71, SHGCc =0.27; 6,240 sf @ $0.10 to $0.35/sf Upgrade $ 920 $ 3,220 $ 2,0 0 PTC 1 -ton units: COP=3, EER =11.1 $ - $ - $ - Centrai DHW boiler: 95% AFUE and recirculating system w/ timer- temperature controls - $ - $ - $ - Solar Hot Water System, 30% Net Solar Fraction Upgrade $ 40,000 $ 55,000 $ 47,500 Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficient Measures: $ 3-7,746- $ 63,988 $ 45,867 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 1.03 $ 1.47 $ 1.25 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% High -rise Residential Prototype: 36,800 SF, Option 2 Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Av R -26 (4 ") rigid insulation, Cool Roof Refl =0.55, Emitt =0.75 9,200 sf Q$0.15 - $0.20sf Upgrade $ 1,380 $ 1,840 $ 1,610 R -19 in Metal Frame Walls $ - $ - $ - R -6 (2" K -13 spray -on) Raised Slab over parking garage 9,200 sf Q030 to $1.00 sf Upgrade $ 6,440 $ 9,200 $ 7, 820 Vinyl Super Low -E, NFRC U =0.39; SHGCc =0.23; 6,240 sf @ $1.40 to $1.601sf Upgrade $ 8,736 $ 9,984 $ 9,360 PTC 1 -ton units: COP--3, EER =11.1 $ - $ - $ - Central DHW boiler: 95% AFUE and recirculating system w/ timer- temperature controls I - $ - $ - $ - Solar Hot Water System, 5% Net Solar Fraction Upgrade $ 8,000 $ 10,000 $ 9,000 Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ 24,656 $ 31,024 $ 27,790 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0.67 $ 0.84 $ 0.76 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12/24/09 Page 9 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% High -rise Residential Prototype: 36,800 SF, Option 3 Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures to Exceed Title 24 by 150/6 Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Av R -26 4" rigid insulation; No Cool Roof $ $ - $ - R -19 in Metal Frame Walls $ $ - $ - R -6 (2" K -13 spray -on) Raised Slab over parking garage 9,200 sf 20.70 to $1.00 sf $ $ - $ - Metal Low -E, NFRC U =0.66, SHGC =0.39; 6,240 sf @ $5.00 to $8.001sf Upgrade $ 31,200 $ 49,920 $ 40;560 PTC 1 -ton units: COP =3, EER =11.1 $ - $ - $ - Central DHW boiler: 95% AFUE and recirculating system w/ timer- temperature controls I - $ - $ - $ - Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ 31 200 $ 49,920 $ 40,560 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0.85 $ 1.36 $ 1.10 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 10 2.4 Nonresidential Buildings The following energy design descriptions of nonresidential building prototypes Oust meet the 2008 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards in Climate Zone 6: CZ6: Nonresidential 1 -story office building: 10,580 sf, Window Wall Ratio= 37.1% Title 24 Base Case Design, Options 1 and 2 Energy Efficiency Measures to Meet Title 24 R -19 on Metal Span Deck Cool Roof Refl. =0.69, Emitt =0.75 R -19 in Metal Frame Walls R -0 un-insulated) slab -on -grade 1st floor Dual metal glazing U =0.71 and SHGCc =0.52, 3' overhan s Lighting = 0.858 w /sf: Open Office Areas: (60) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures @58w each; no lighting controls; (24) 18w recessed CFLs. Small Offices: (56 2 -lamp T8 fixtures, mandatory (on /off) ocupancy sensors; (40) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: (32) 18w recessed CFLs; (48) 13w CFL wall sconces; no controls. (4) 10 -ton Packaged DX units EER =11.0, 4,000 cfm; 80% AFUE furnaces; all standard efficiency fan motors R -8 duct insulation w/ ducts on the roof Standard 50 gallon gas water heater, EF =0.58 Title 24 Base Case Design, Option 3 Energy Efficiency Measures to Meet Title 24 R -19 on Metal Span Deck, Cool Roof Refl. =0.69, Emitt =0.75 R -19 in Metal Frame Walls R -0 un-insulated) slab -on -grade 1st floor Dual metal glazing U =0.71 and SHGCc =0.52, 3' overhan s Lighting = 0.858 w /sf: Open Office Areas: (60) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures @58w each; no lighting controls; (24) 18w recessed CFLs. Small Offices: (56 2 -lamp T8 fixtures, mandatory (on /off) ocupancy sensors; (40) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: (32) 18w recessed CFLs; 48) 13w CF L wall sconces; no controls. (8) 5 -ton Packaged DX units SEER =13.0, 2,000 cfm; 93% AFUE furnaces all standard efficiency fan motors R -8 duct insulation w/ ducts on the roof Standard 50 gallon gas water heater, EF =0.58 Energy Efficiency Measures Needed to Meet the Ordinance The following tables list the energy features and /or equipment included in the Title 24 base design, the efficient measure options, and an estimate of the incremental cost for each measure included to improve the building performance to use 15% less TDV energy than the corresponding Title 24 base case design. Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 11 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Nonresidential Prototype; 10,580 SF, Option 1 Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures to Exceed Title 24 by 16% Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg R -19 on Metal Span Deck, Cool Roof Refl. =0.69, Emitt=0.75 $ - $ - $ R -19 in Metal Frame Walls $ - $ - $ R -0 un-insulated) slab-on-grade 1st floor $ - $ - $ Dual metal glazing U =0.71 and SHGCc =0.27. T overhangs 3,200 sf $2.50 to $3.50 /sf Upgrade $ 8 000 $ 11,200 $ 9,600 Lighting = 0.858 w /sf: Open Office Areas: (60) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures @58w each; no lighting controls; (24) 18w recessed CFLs. Small Offices: (56 2 -lamp T8 fixtures, mandatory (on /off) ocupancy sensors; (40) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: (32) 18w recessed CFLs; 48 13w CFL wall sconces; no controls. Upqrade $ - $ - $ 2;450 (4) 10 -ton Packaged DX units EER =11.0, 4,000 cfm; 80% AFUE furnaces; all standard efficiency fan motors $ - $ - $ - R -8 duct insulation w/ ducts on roof: sealed w/ HERS testing Upgrade $ 2000 $ 3,000 $ 2,500 Standard 50 gallon gas water heater, EF =0.58 $ - $ - $ - Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ 110,00-0- $ 14,200 $ 12,100 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0:95 $ 1.34 $ 1.14 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Nonresidential Prototype: 10,580 SF, Option 2 Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg R -24 on Metal Span Deck, Cool Roof Refl. =0.69, Emitt =0.75 $ - $ - $ R -19 in Metal Frame Walls $ - $ - $ R -0 un-insulated) slab -on-grade 1st floor $ - $ - $ Dual metal glazing U =0.71 and SHGCc =0.27, T overhangs 3,200 sf @ $2.50 to $3.50 1sf Upgrade $ 8 000 $ 11 200 $ 9,600 Lighting = 0.858 w /sf: Open Office Areas: (60) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures @58w each; no lighting controls; (24) 18w recessed CFLs. Small Offices: (56) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures, (28) multi -level ocupancy sensors @ $75 to $100 each, (40) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: 32 18w recessed CFLs; 48 13w CFL wall sconces no controls. Upqrade $ 2.100 $ 2,800 $ 2;450 (4) 10 -ton Packaged DX units EER =11.0, 4,000 cfm; 80% AFUE furnaces; all standard efficiency fan motors $ - $ - $ - R -8 duct insulation wl ducts on the roof $ - $ - $ - Standard 50 gallon gas water heater, EF =0:58 $ - $ - $ Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ 10,100 $. 14,000 $ 12,050 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0.95 $ 1.32 $ 1.14 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 12 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Nonresidential Prototype: 10,580 SF, Option 3 Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures to Exceed Title 24 by 16% Change Type Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg R -24 on Metal Span Deck, Cool Roof Refl. =0.69, Emitt =0.75 $ - $ - $ - R -19 in Metal Frame Walls $ - $ - $ - R-0 un-insulated) slab-on-grade 1 st floor - $ - $ - $ - Dual metal glazing U =0.71 and SHGCo =0.40, 3' overhangs 3,200 sf @ $1.50 to $2.50 /sf Upgrade $ 4,800 $ 8,000 $ 6,400 Lighting = 0.858 w /sf: Open Office Areas: (60) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures @58w each; no lighting controls; (24) 18w recessed CFLs. Small' Offices: (56) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures, mandatory (on /off) ocupancy sensors; (40) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: (32) 18w recessed CFLs (48) 93w CFL wall sconces; no controls. $ - $ - $ - (8) 5 -ton Packaged DX units SEER =13.0, 2,000 cfm; 93% AFUE furnaces; fixed -temp integrated air - economizers $ 3,600 $ 4,800 $ 4,200 R -8 duct insulation wl ducts on roof: sealed w/ HERS testing Upgrade $ 2,000 $ 3,000 $ 2 500 Standard 50 gallon gas water heater, EF =0.58 - $ - $ - $ - Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ 10,400 $ 16,800 $ 13,100 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0.98 $ 1.49 $ 1.24 CZ6: Nonresidential 5 -story office building: 52,900 sf, Window Wall Ratio= 29.1% Title 24 Base Case Design, Option 1 Energy Efficiency Measures to Meet Title 24 R -19 on Metal Deck; cool roof Reflect =0.55, Emittance =0.75 R -19 in Metal Frame Walls R -0 un-insulated) slab -on -grade 1st floor NFRC glazing U =0.57, SHGC =0.407 COG SHGC =0.38 Lighting = 0.802 w /sf: Open Office Areas: (300) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures @58w each; no lighting controls; (120) 18w recessed CFLs. Small Offices: (280) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures, (140) multi -level ocupancy sensors on T8s; (200) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: (160) 18w recessed CFLs; 240 13w CFL wall sconces; no controls. (5) 40 -ton Packaged VAV units EER =9.5; 78% TE furnaces; standard efficiency fan motors; 20% VAV boxes w/ electric reheat; DDC controls; differential temp. integrated air economizers R -8 duct insulation w/ ducts in conditioned (5 ) Instantaneous Electric Water Heaters EF =0.92 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 13 Title 24 Base Case Design, Option 2 Energy Efficiency Measures to Meet Title 24 R -19 on Metal Deck cool roof Reflect =0.55, Emittance =0.75 R -19 in Metal Frame Walls R -0 un-insulated) slab -on -grade 1st floor NFRC glazing U =0.57, SHGC =0.407 COG SHGC =0.38 Lighting = 0.802 w /sf: Open Office Areas: (300) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures @58w each; no lighting controls; (120) 18w recessed CFLs. Small Offices: (280) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures, (140) multi -level ocupancy sensors on TBs; (200) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: (160) 18w recessed CFLs; (240) 13w CFL wall sconces; no controls. (5) 40 -ton Packaged VAV units EER =9.5; 78% TE furnaces; standard efficiency fan motors; 20% VAV boxes w/ hot water reheat; DDC controls differential temp. integrated air economizers R -8 duct insulation w/ ducts in conditioned (5) Instantaneous Electric Water Heaters EF =0.92 Title 24 Base Case Design, Option 3 Energy Efficiency Measures to Meet Title 24 R -26 on Metal Deck, no cool roof R -19 in Metal Frame Walls R -0 (un- insulated) slab -on -grade 1 st floor NFRC glazing U =0.57, SHGC =0.544 COG SHGC =0.54 Lighting = 0.802 w /sf: Open Office Areas: (300) 2 -1amp T8 fixtures @58w each; no lighting controls; (120) 18w recessed CFLs. Small Offices: (280) 2 -1amp T8 fixtures, mandatory (on /off) ocupancy sensors on T8s; (200) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: (160) 18w recessed CFLs; (240) 13w CFL wall sconces; no controls. Built -up VAV system, 80% boiler, 180 -ton screw chiller 1.2 kw/ton, one AHU per floor, standard efficiency VSD fan motors; 20% VAV boxes w/ hot water reheat; DDC controls; differential temp. integrated air economizers R -8 duct insulation w/ ducts in conditioned 5 Instantaneous Electric Water Heaters EF =0.92 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 14 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Nonresidential Prototype: 52,900 SF, Option 1 Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Change Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg Type R -26 on Metal Deck; cool roof Reflect =0.70, Emittance =0.75 10,580 sf @ $0.90 to $1.60 /sf Upgrade $ 9,522 $ 16,928 $ 13,225 R -19 in Metal Frame Walls $ - $ - $ - R -0 un-insulated) slab-on-grade 1st floor $ - $ - $ - NFRC glazing U= 0.573, SHGC =0.312 (COG SHGC =0.27) 16,000 sf @ $1.00 to $2.00 /sf U rade $ 16,000 $ 32,000 $ 24,000 Lighting = 0.696 wisf: Open Office Areas: (160) HO 2 -lamp T8 fixtures @74w each, no lighting controls; (120) 18w recessed CFLs. Small Offices: (280) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures, (140) multi -level ocupancy sensors on T8s; (200) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: (160) 18w recessed CFLs; (240) 13w CFL wall sconces; no controls. Net saving of $36 to $40 per new fixture in open offices because of a total reduction of 46% of T8 fixtures in these areas Upgrade $ 5,760 $ (6,400) $ (6,080) (5) 40 -ton Packaged VAV units EER =9.5; 78% TE furnaces; Premium efficiency fan motors; 20% VAV boxes w/ hot water reheat; DDC controls; differential temp. integrated air economizers Upgrade $ 54,400 $ 81,350 $ 67,875 R -8 duct insulation w/ ducts in conditioned $ - $ - $ - 92% RE boiler for service hot water Upgrade $ 8 000 $ 12 000 $ 10,000 Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ 82,162 $135,878 $109,020 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 1.55 $ 2.57 $ 2.06 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12/24/09 Page 15 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Nonresidential Prototype: 52,900 SF, Option 2 Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Change Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Avg Type R -26 on Metal Deck; cool roof Reflect =0.72, Emittance =0.75 10,580 sf @ $0.90 to $1.60 /sf Upgrade $ 9,522 $ 16,928 $ 13,225 R -19 in Metal Frame Walls $ - $ - $ - R -0 un-insulated) slab-on-grade 1 at floor $ - $ - $ - NFRC glazing U =0.54, SHGC =0.30 (COG SHGC =0.27) 16,000 sf @ $3.00 to $4.00 /sf Upgrade $ 48,000 $ 64,000 $ 56,000 Lighting = 0.696 w /sf: Open Office Areas: (160) HO 2 -lamp T8 fixtures @74w each; no lighting controls; (120) 18w recessed CFLs. Small Offices: (280) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures, (140) multi -level occupancy sensors on T8s; (200) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: (160) 18w recessed CFLs; (240) 13w CFL wall sconces; no controls. Net saving of $38 to $42 per new fixture in open offices because of a total reduction of 46% of T8 fixtures in these areas Upgrade $ (5,760 ) $ (6,400) $ (6,080) (5) 40 -ton Packaged VAV units EER =9.5; 78% TE furnaces; Premium efficiency fan motors; 20% VAV boxes w/ hot water reheat; DDC controls; differential temp. integrated air economizers Upgrade $ 1,500 $ 2,500 $ 2;000 R -8 duct insulation w /ducts in conditioned $ - $ - $ - 92% RE boiler for service hot water Upgrade $ 8,000 $ 12 000 $ 10,000 Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ 61,262 $ 89 028 $ 75,145 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 1.16 $ 1.68 $ 1.42 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12/24/09 Page 16 Incremental Cost Estimate to Exceed Title 24 by 15% Nonresidential Prototype: 52,900 SF, Option 3 Climate Zone 6 Energy Efficiency Measures to Exceed Title 24 by 15 %o Change Incremental Cost Estimate Min Max Av Type R -26 on Metal Deck, no cool roof $ - $ - $ - R -19 in Metal Frame Walls $ - $ - $ - R -0 un-insulated) slab-on-grade 1stfloor $ - $ - $ - NFRC glazing U =0.57, SHGC =0.312 (COG SHGC =0.27) 16 000 sf $1.50 0 $2.50/sf Upgrade $ 24;000 $ 40 000 $ 32,000 ig ing = 0.797 w /sf: Open Office reas: amp T8 fixtures @58w each; no lighting controls; (120) 18w recessed CFLs. Small Offices: (280) 2 -lamp T8 fixtures, (140) multi -level occupancy sensors on T8s @ $75 to $100 each; (200) 18w recessed CFLs. Support Areas: (160) 18w recessed CFLs; (240) 13w CFL wall sconces; no controls. Upgrade $ 10,500 $ 14,000 $ 12,250 Built -up VAV system, 80% boiler, 180 -ton screw chiller 1.2 kw /ton, one AHU per floor, standard efficiency VSD fan motors; 20% VAV boxes w/ hot water reheat; DDC controls; differential temp. integrated air economizers $ - $ - $ - R -8 duct insulation w/ ducts in conditioned $ - $ - $ - DHW from 80 % RE boiler used fors ace heating Upgrade $ 6,000 $ 10,000 $ 8,000 Total Incremental Cost of Energy Efficiency Measures: $ 40,6001 $ 64,000 1 $ 52,250 Total Incremental Cost per Square Foot: $ 0.77 1 $ 1.21 1 $ 0.99 Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12/24/09 Page 17 3.0 Cost Effectiveness The summary of results in this section are based upon the following assumptions: • Annual site electricity (kWh) and natural gas (therms) saved are calculated using a beta version of the state - approved energy compliance software for the 2008 Building Energy Efficiency Standards, Micropas 8. • Average residential utility rates of $0.159 /kWh for electricity and $0.94 /therm for natural gas in current constant dollars; nonresidential rates are time -of -use rate schedules modeled explicitly in the DOE -2.1 E computer simulation: Southern California Edison GS -1 schedule for electricity and Southern California Gas GN -10 schedule for natural gas. • No change (i.e., no inflation or deflation) of utility rates in constant dollars • No increase in summer temperatures from global climate change The Simple Payback data includes a cost - effectiveness analysis of the Ordinance with respect to each case study building design and assumes: • No external cost of global climate change -- and corresponding value of additional investment in energy efficiency and CO2 reduction — is included • The cost of money (e.g, opportunity cost) invested in the incremental cost of energy efficiency measures is not included. Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 18 3.1 New Single Family Houses Climate Zone 6: 15% Better Than Title 24 Single Family Building Description Total Annual KWh Saving Total Annual Therms Saving Incremental First Cost $ Annual Energy Cost Savings $ Simple Payback (Years) 2,026 sf (Option 1 87 49 $1,782 $60 29.8 2,025 sf (Option 2 81 50 $1,283 $60 21.4 Averages: 84 50 $1,533 $60 25.6 Annual Reduction in CO2- equivalent: 618 lb. /building -year 0.30 Ib./sq.ff. -year Building Description Total Annual KWh Saving Total Annual Therms Saving Incremental First Cost $ Annual Energy Cost Savings $ Simple Payback Years 4,600 sf (Option 1 194 44 $2,803 $72 38.8 4,500 sf (Option 2 207 43 $2,481 $73 33.8 4,500 sf Option 3 189 45 $2,439 $72 33.7 Averages: 197 44 $2,574 $73 35.4 Annual Reduction in CO2- equivalent: 3.2 Low -rise Multi- family Building 601 lb. /building -year 0.13 Ib. /sq.ft. -year Climate Zone 6: 15% Better Than Title 24 Low -rise Apartments Building Description Total Annual KWh Saving Total Annual Therms Saving Incremental First Cost $) Annual Energy Cost Savings ($) Simple Payback (Years) 8 -Unit 8,442 sf (Option 1 470 227 $11,001 $288 38.2 8 -Unit, 8,442 sf (Option 2 -1221 483 $8,939 $260 34.4 Averages: -376 355 $9,970 $274 36.3 Annual Reduction in CO2- equivalent: 3,963 lb. /building -year 0.471b. /sq.ft. year Energy Cost- Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 19 3.3 High -rise Multi- family Building Climate Zone 6: 15% Better Than Title 24 High -rise Apartments Building Description Total Annual KWh Saving Total Annual Therms Saving Incremental First Cost ($ Annual Energy Cost Savings $) Simple Payback (Years) 36,800 sf (Option 1 1655 1110 $45,867 $1,307 35.1 36,800 sf (Option 2 4800 555 $27,790 $1,285 21.6 36,800 sf (Option 3) 27657 -658 $40,560 $3,779 10.7 Averages: 11371 336 $38,072 $2123 22.5 Annual Reduction in CO2- equivalent: 11143 Ib. /building -year 0.30 lb./sq.ft. -year 3.4 Nonresidential Buildings Climate Zone 6: 15% Better Than Title 24 1 -Story Office Building Building Description Total Annual KWh Saving Total Annual Therms Saving Incremental First Cost ($) Annual Energy Cost Savings $ Simple Payback (Years) 10,580 sf (Option 1 13427 -53 $12100 $2,957 4.1 10,580 sf (Option 2 5481 356 $12,050 $1 400 8.6 10,580 sf (Option 3) 12307 17 $13,100 $1,026 12.8 Averages: 10405 107 $12,417 $1,794 8.5 Annual Reduction in CO2- equivalent: 5,924 lb. /building -year 0.56 Ib. /sq.ft. -year Climate Zone 6: 15% Better Than Title 24 5 -Story Office Building Building Description Total Annual KWh Saving Total Annual Therms Saving Incremental First Cost $ Annual Energy Cost Savings ($) Simple Payback (Years) 52,900 sf (Option 1 87180 -3439 $109,020 $17,289 6.3 52,900 sf (Option 2 75234 -2433 $75,145 $16,720 4.8 52,900 sf Option 3) 99931 -2733 $52,250 $21,244 2.5 Averages: 87448 -2868 $78,805 $18,084 4.5 Annual Reduction in CO2- equivalent: 5,964 lb. /building -year 0.11 lb./sq.ft. year Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 Page 20 Conclusions Regardless of the building design, occupancy profile and number of stories, the incremental improvement in overall annual energy performance of buildings in exceeding the 2008 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards appears cost - effective. However, each building's overall design, occupancy type and specific design choices may allow for a large range of incremental first cost and payback. As with simply meeting the requirements of the Title 24 energy standards, a permit applicant complying with the additional energy requirements of a local green building ordinance should carefully analyze building energy performance to reduce incremental first cost and the payback for the required additional energy efficiency measures. Energy Cost - Effectiveness Study for Local Green Building Ordinances in Climate Zone 6, 12124109 page 21 Reference Resolution No. 10634 (CCS)