SR-308-006 (2)
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Santa Monica, Cal1forn1a, June 15, 1979
TO:
Mayor and C1ty Council
JUN 2~ ~
FROH:
The Clty Plannlng CornmlSS1on
71r
SUBJECT: Santa Monlca State Beach Resource Management and
Development Plan (Formerly Beach Master Plan)
JUl 2 4 t979
Introduction
Thls report transmits the proposed Resource Management and
Development Plan for the Santa Monlca State Beach approved by
the Plannlng Cornmisslon and Local Coastal Plan Comm1ttee which
lS submltted for the Clty Council's consideratlon and adoption
prlor to submlSSlon to the State Department of Parks and Recrea-
tlon.
Background
The Clty presently operates certaln State owned beach parcels,
lncluding the beach parking lots, under an agreement with
the State Department of Beaches and Parks. Th1S agreement 1S
scheduled to explre in 1981 and the State has 1ndlcated a reluctance
to renew the agreement unless an acceptable plan for the beach
was adopted by the Clty. In 1974 the City Counc1l authorlzed the
preparatlon of a Beach Master Plan by Wllliam L. Perelra Assoclates,
a professional consultlng flrm. The initial plan was not accepted
by the State and durlng 1975 reV1Slons were consldered by a Com-
mlttee conslstlng of Plannlng Commissioners, Recreation and Parks
CommiSSloners and members of the Cltizens Advlsory Commlttee.
Following several months of delay a revised verSlon was submitted
to the Planning Comrnlsslon ln 1976 for a publlC hearlng held In
7,4
JUL 2 4 1979
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JUN 2 6 1979
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Mayor and Clty Counell
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June 15, 1979
January 1977 followlng which the plan was again returned to
staff for further modiflcatlons.
In the lnterlffi the Plan was revised to conform to an approved
State format, lncludlng the title, which was changed to Resource
Management and Development Plan from the former Beach Master Plan.
In January 1979 the reV1Slon was reviewed by the Planning Com-
mlssion and referred to the Local Coastal Plan Cornmlttee for evalu-
atlon and conSlderatlon. On February 21st the Local Coastal
Cornmlttee held a publlc hearlng on the plan followlng which re-
vislons and amendments were dlscussed. At the next meeting on
March 21, 1979 an amended plan was adopted and returned to the
Plannlng Commisslon for approval.
On June 4, 1979 the Clty Planning Commisslon approved the revlsed
plan and has submltted it to the Councll for further conslderation
and actlon.
Alteratlons
The Resource Management and Development Plan is a speclallzed plan
speclflcally requested by the State Department of Beaches and Parks
and does not constltute elther a General Plan Element under the
State Plannlng Act or the Local Coastal Plan requlred by the State
Coastal Act. As approved by the LCP Commlttee, it has been lnformally
reviewed by the staffs of both the State Department of Beaches
and Parks and the Reglonal Coastal Commission each of whom ex-
pressed favorable reactlons. Much of that contalned in the Plan
may eventually be reflected ln the Local Coastal Plan WhlCh is
presently under development by the LCP Commlttee.
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Mayor and City Council
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June 15, 1979
The State Beach Plan has been under consideration and develop-
ment for more than four years. Following adoption by the City
Councll, the document will be submltted to the State Department
of Beaches and Parks for approval. The Council may elect to
approve the Plan as submitted, make such modiflcations or changes
as they believe indicated or refer It back to the Plannlng or
Recreation and Parks Commlssions for further evaluation. Although
substantlal publlC evaluatlon and hearings have already been held,
the City Council may wish a further publlC hearlng prlor to
submitting the final document to the State.
Recommendation
It 1S respectfully recommended that the City Council cons1der
the Beach plan by scheduling a publlC hearing on July 24, 1979.
Followlng the pUblic hearlng, It would be approprlate for the
Clty Councll to approve a flnal document wlth such amendments or
modificatlons as may be lndicated and request the D~rector of
Recreatlon and Parks to thereafter submit the Plan to the State
for approval.
Prepared by: James Lunsford
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DRAl=T #2
SANTA MONICA STATE BEACH
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & DEVELOPMENT PLAN
!J,K
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JUL 2 4 1979
CITY OF SANTA MONICA
FEBRUft,RY 1979
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . , . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .1
A.. Pu rpo 5 e.. . .. .. ... .. . . . .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. ... .. .. to .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. oil .. .. .. .. .. _ .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . 1
B. Surrmary of Pl an................................. .......... ..............................1
II EXISTING CONDITIONS
A. LocatIon Map and DIstribution of Beach Attendance.....4
B.. Study Area................... <II .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. ... .. .. II- .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. . .. ... .. .. 5
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C. Existing Land Use......,.......................,......6
D. Recreational Fac1lities.....,.......,.............,...7
E. Beach User Density DIstribution.........,..,........,.8
F, Traff1c Conditions..,...,..,....,........,.".........9
G. Terrestrial and Mar1ne 810109y.......,.........,...,..10
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H .. S e' sm i c H aza rd s.. . .. .. 41 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. II ... I .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. oil I .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. 11
III RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & DEVELOPMENT PLAN
A, Introductlon--Framework for Planning......,."......,.12
B. Goals and Objectives,.....,...........................13
1) Resource Management Goal and Objectives.,.........13
2) Development Goal and Objectives...................13
C , S ta n d a rd s . . . . , . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , . . 14
1) Recreation Activities and Facilities...".....,...14
2) Aesthetic and Design Criteria.....................14
3) Safety... 41".............. . ........................................ ...................... .15
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o , POll C i e s. . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . , . . . . . . , , . . 16
E. P 1 ann i ng Act ion s . , . . . . , . . . . . . . . , . . . , , . . . . . , . , . . . , . , , . .18
1) Def1nition of Territorial Llmits........,.........18
2) PubllC Coastal Recreation Zones........,..........18
3) Access and Transportation Faci11ties.........."..18
4) Recreational Facilities...........,...............20
5) Landscaping and Parks......,.."...".....,..,....21
6) Santa Monica Pier.................................21
7) Breakwater. , . . . . , , .. , . .. .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . . ,. , . .. . , . .22
F, Land Use Map......,..........,..........".........,..23
III
IV
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
A. Project Descrlption....,....,.........................24
B. Environmental Impact of Planning Actlons............,,24
C. Adverse Effect WhlCh Cannot be Avolded lf the
Pl an is Implemented.....".............,............" 26
D. Mltigation Measures Proposed to Minlmize the Impact..,26
E. Alternatives to the Proposed Actions...,............,.26
F. The Relationship Between Local Short-Term Uses of
Manis Environment and the Maintenance and Enhance-
ment of Long-Term Productlvlty,........,...,....,....27
G. Irreverslble Envlronmental Changes Which Would be
Involved Should the Proposed Plan be Implemented...,,27
H. The Growth-Inducing Impacts of the Proposed Plan....,27
V GLOSSARY.. .. . . . . . .. . . . .. .. .. . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. . . . .. . , .. . .. .. .. .. 28
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INTRODUCTION
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-- PURPOSE
-- SUMMARY OF PLAN
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INTRODUCTION
1.1 A. PURPOSE
Effective planning for a coastal recreational resource such as the Santa
Monica State Beach requires that the complex and changing interrelatlon-
ships between social. economic. and environmental values be managed by
those declslon makers implementing chcnge at the beachfront. The Santa
Monica State Beach Resource Management and Development Plan (hereafter
known as the Beach Plan) is intended to function as a decision making
guid~ WhlCh will clarify and direct the ongoing processes of the develop-
ment and maintenance of the recreatlonal potential of the Santa Monica
State Beach.
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The management of any physlcal resource 1S based on the identification of
certain goals and objectives. that the community w1shes to achieve. Sub-
sequently there must be overall policy positions created along with more
speciflc plannlng actions to establish the means to reach those goals and
objectives. Together these elements comprise the framework for plannlng
which is the second major section of this plan.
The essential purpose of the Plan. therefore. is to first present find1ngs
on the existing conditions of the coastal area; secondly to embody the
needs and desires of the community in Goals and Objectlves; and thirdly to
set our policies and actions which will fulfill those goals and objectives.
It is also intended that the Plan described here will eventually be refer-
enced within the more comprehens1ve Local Coastal Program (LCP). Santa
Monica's LCP will address a broader scope of lssues due to the leg1slatlve
mandate for consideratlon of statewide as well as local lssues. The Beach
Plan (Santa Monica State Beach Resource Management and Development Plan)
will therefore contrlbute to the development of the more expanded and
comprehensive LCP.
1.2 B. SUMMARY OF PLAN
The Beach Plan (Santa Monica State Beach Management and Development Plan)
1S 1ntended as a gUlde for the management and development of the recreational
potentlal of the Santa Monic2 State Beach, The Beach Plan consists of two
main sections. in additlon to this introduction: Existlng Conditions and
the Resource Management and Development Plan,
1.2.1 Existing Condltlons
Th1S sectlon 1S composed of 8 maps ~ach with a short text descr1bing the
conditions illustrated on the map. ~l} The purpose of the map is to highlight
(1) Source: City Planning Department
Draft Sa~ta Monica State Beach Master Plan. December 1974
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some of the slgniflcant features of the beach area and demonstrate where
planning needs as well as opportunities are. The condltions that are de-
scribed establish the foundatlon upon which planning goals and actions can
be based. The baslc subject matters include:
- illustrating the relationship between land uses both
locally and reglonally.
- showing wrere recreational faci11ties are and how
beach user patterns affect or are effected by these
facilities.
- description of the basic factors which influence
people's ability to get to different areas of the
beach.
discussion of the var10US blo10gical elements that
make up the area and how they are lmpacted or en-
hanced.
- demonstrating certain geo10gical and seismic hazards
WhlCh preval1 on or near the beach such as liquefaction
of the sandy area during potential earthquakes.
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1,2.2
Resource Management and Development Plan
This sectlon 1S divided into 5 main subsect1ons:
- Goals & Objectlves
- Standards
- Policies
- Planning Actions
- and the land Use Map
The introductlon to these subsect10ns suggest that they all interrelate
to form a framework for planning; whereas each subsect10n leads to another
and 1n turn 1S sUbJect to revision or reflnement based upon subsequent de-
velopment of another subsection, Thus it creates a circular process.
The Goals & Objectlves provide the dlrection of the plan byestabl1sh-
ing end products of: opt1mum levels of recreatlonal facil1t1es to meet
needs, concern for environmental protection, and enhancement of the de-
Sirable visual aspects of the beach,
The Standards establish guidelines by which programs and actions re-
commended 1n the plan can be measured, to ensure that the beaches carrying
capaclty is not exceeded, certain recreational opportunities are provided,
minimum design features are met and safety 1S maintalned.
The Policies define broad courses of act10n which are more detalled
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in the planning actions. They call for:
insuring that close coordlnation is mainta1ned between the C1ty,
county and state 1n the operatlon of the state beach.
- providing a variety of recreational opportunities on a year
round basis.
- continuing efforts to maximize all forms of access to the beach
including considerat1on of pedestrian access, parklng and public
transit.
- maintalning and enhancing the environmental quality of the beach.
The Planning Actions describe the intent of the policies ln more detail
and include the following conslderations:
- the establishment of three recreation zones each of which would
have a different level and type of development allowed.
- provisions to improve access includlng certain types of signs
on the Santa Monlca Freeway and local streets, and the rearrange-
ment of existing parking.
- provisions for a varlety of recreation opportunities including
extension of the bikepath and promenade, centralized service
areas providlng a range of facilities such as restrooms, con-
cessions and outdoor showers, slngular purpose areas such as
volleyball courts and children's playgrounds, and plcnic areas
with tables and barbecue pits.
- the landscaping of parks and parking lots in the beach area to
lmprove the appearance of the beachfront.
- the continued development of the pier, both in terms of aesthetlcs
and commercial activities.
the maintenance of the breakwater and the number of moorlngs in
the harber.
The Land Use Map locates where facilltles wlll be placed and where
actlvities will occur.
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EXISTING CONDITIONS
LOCATION MAP AND
DISTRIBUTION OF BEACH ATTENDANCE
-- STUDY AREA
EXISTING LAND USE
RECREATIONAL FACILITIES
-- BEACH USER DENSITY DISTRIBUTION
-- TRAFFIC CONDITIONS
-- TERRESTRIAL AND MARINE BIOLOGY
--.SEISMIC HAZARDS
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RESOURCE ~~NAGEMENT
AND
DEVELOPr1ENT PLAN
INTRODUCTION -
FRAMEWORK FOR PLANNING
GOALS & OBJECTIVES
-- STANDARDS
POLICIES
PLANNING ACTIONS
LAND USE MAP
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3.0 IIr RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & DEVELOPMENT PLAN
3.1 A. Introduction - Framework for Planning
The framework for planning is composed of five interre1ated elements
which create a sequence (or hierarchy) of considerations. They are
as follows:
Goals & Objectives - These establish desired end products to be
reached after plans are carried out;
Standards - These provide general guidelines to measure the
adequacy or desirabil1ty of a particular proposal or actlon;
Policies - These establish lnitial, broad courses of action.
Each policy should be flexible enough to provlde the basls for de-
veloping a variety of more specific actions while still malntaining
a basic direction to follow.
Planning Actions - These describe the intent of the policles
in more detail. The advantage of separating pol1cies from actions
is that the actions can be amended, deleted or new actions added
without changing the policies, thereby retaining the contlnuity of
the plan.
Land Use Map - ThlS graphically illustrates and locates where
the actions will actually be carrled out.
These five elements act together to provide the framework for plan-
ning by establishlng the deslred results through Goals & Objectives
and followlng broad policy and more specific actions to achieve those
desired results.
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3.2 B. Goals & Objectives
3.2.1
1) Resource Management Goal & Objectives
The goal 1S to achieve the optimum possible environmental
quality of the Santa Monica State Beach and 1n so d01ng. prevent
deter10ration of the natural environment of land, air and water~
all with1n a visual environment that is appropriate and consistent
with a public coastal recreational resource.
a) An objective is to mitigate the visual impact of any
and all structures and facilities appropriate for public coastal
recreation so as to minimize physical or visual barr1ers to the
beachfront and the Santa Monica Pier and emphasize its natural
environmental qualities.
b) An objective is to ensure that public health and
safety is protected by mainta1ning and defining standards for
pUblic health and safety services, for beach and water recreation
use, and for physical design of recreat10n facilities.
2) Development Goal & Objectives
The goal is to establish Santa Mon1ca State Beach as a
public coastal recreation resource responsive to its use by a
large segment of the local as well as regional populat1on.
a) An obJect1ve is to maintain the Santa Monica State
Beach as a public recreational resource. Related recreational
opportunit1es at the beach should be considered subordinate to
beach recreation. The mix of activities at the beachfront should
reflect the social and econom1C characteristics of the residents
of the City of Santa Monica and of the regional beach user popula-
tion.
b) An objective is to provide access to the beachfront
that encourages its effective use and that responds to: recrea-
tion travel attitudes and desires, available regional and city
transportation and environmental cond1tions in the Los Angeles
region.
c) An object1ve is to provide and ma1ntain recreation
facilities cons1stent with the level of usage and level of user1s
needs, adhering to the remaining obJectives of this plan.
d) An objective 1S to 1ncorporate compatible off-season
recreat10n uses, activities, and fac1lities into the beach recre-
ation program 1n order to enhance the recreation potential of the
beachfront and create new recreat10n opportunities.
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3.3.1
3.3 C. Standards
3.3.2
1) Recreation Activities & Facilities
a) The beach should be considered a regional recreational
facility and part of a local and state-wide beach recreation system.
b) The beach should be viewed as an urban facility.
c) All activities at the beachfront must be compatible with
beach recreation, the primary activity, and related to it. Activities
which should be planned for are:
- beach recreation: bathing, swimming, strolllng and wadlng,
also surfing, body-surfing and water skiing.
- active outdoor recreation: volleyball, gymnastics, and
various games
- passive recreation: social gatherings, famlly outings,
and peer groupings.
- biking and skating
- pier related actlvities: fishing, strolling, amusements
and eating.
d) Extensive boating should not exceed capabilitles of the
existing breakwater.
e) Compatible wintertlme uses are walklng, picnlcking, biking,
fishing, surfing, active outdoor sports.
f) The following recreation facilitles should be considered:
- Recreation service areas - incorporating facilities for
sanitation (restrooms), changing room, food and beach con-
cessions, outdoor showers, and drinking fountalns.
- Promenade and walkway incorporating lighting.
- Outdoor recreation areas lncorporating children's playgrounds
and facilities for active outdoor sports.
- A bikeway extending the length of the beachfront whose place-
ment and design mlnimizes conflict between the pedestrian and
bicyclist.
g) The broadest array of facillties and services must be avail-
able at the beach in order to reflect the socia-economic needs of the
regional population.
2) Aesthetic & Design Criteria - It is recommended that speciflc
design and aesthetic standards as well as density and height of facility
standards be defined and developed.
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This plan has described certain standards and criteria for such items as
recreational facilities, parking, landscaping and the Santa Monica Pier.
They reflect attitudes of the general public voiced during the execution
of this plan, and should serve as a basis from which future efforts on
aesthetic and des1gn criteria can be directed.
To reiterate those main concerns: design, aesthetic,density and height
standards should:
a) improve the visual qual1ty of the beachfront by emphasizing
the natural environment over the man-made environment.
b) provide that any and all facilities are unobtrusive and of
high design quality.
c) provide that public development of the beachfront 1S of
lesser intensity than the existing intensity of development.
d) ensure that the visual dominance of the Santa Monica Pier
is not obstructed from any observation point.
e) promote design features that enhance safety and mitigate
potential and existing unsafe use or misuse of beach facilit1es and
services.
Design review procedures should be established by the Arch1-
tectural Review Committee of the City of Santa Monica. The follow1ng
principals of design should be employed:
f) Construction should be minimal but functional.
g) The intenslty of grouping of fac1lities should be sub-
ordinate to the intensity of development of the Santa Monica Pier.
3.3.3
3) Safety - The spatial distribution and location of fac1lities
must mitigate possible unsafe conditions.
a) Parklng lots should be buffered from the beach areas
and especially from children's playgrounds.
b) Design of the bikepath must min1mize the confl1ct between
pedestrians and bicyclists.
c) The scale and design of parking areas should be such that
speeding is restrlcted.
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3.4 D. Policies - Coastal recreation policies must be utilized to lmprove
the quality of recreatlon at the beachfront. Thelr far-reaching impact,
when implemented, will create funding sources for beach preservation as
well as promote sound environmental, design, and recreation improvement
programs applicable to planning for the beachfront.
Funding and operation of the Santa Monica State Beach falls within the
responsibility of three government agencies:
- The City of Santa Monica, whose posltlon as delegated
operator of the State Beach indicates their responslblllties
for maintenance and development of the beachfront and for
provision of recreatlonal activities, serVlces, facillties
and programs.
The Los Angeles County Department of Beaches, who has been
delegated to provlde lifeguard services on the State Beach.
- The State of California Department of Parks and Recreation,
whose positlon of owner of the State Beach lndicates thelr
lead responsibility for property under their ownership.
1) These three government agencies must draw upon thelr own re-
sources and Federal funds for beach related expendltures such as future
capital improvements. Therefore, close coordination must be malntained
in order to use financial resources equitably.
2) Financial responsibillties and fundlng sources for operation
and development of the Santa Monica State Beach wlll be determined by
the City, County and State.
3) Because of the characteristic of beach revenues, WhlCh wlll
allow for operation and malntenance of the beach, major capital improve-
ments must be financed in an equitable fashion.
4) A variety of recreatlonal activity should be maintained, en-
hanced, and adjusted to best serve and be responslve to changlng social
and economic values of its diverse present and potential users.
5) Recreatlon programs and facilities should promote and respond
to a utilization of this recreational resource on a twelve month basis.
6) Provision for future improved pedestrian access from the
Palisades Park to the northern beachfront should be under continual study
until a method is devised to implement It.
7} If beach shuttle services and better public transportation
become available, they should be designed to distribute beach users
along the length of the beachfront and further so as to minlmize con-
centrated point loads of beach users that diminish recreational oppor-
tunitles.
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8) In order to provide for recreatlon opportunities that should
be available to the metropolitan beach user community, the available
recreational capacity at the beach should be utilized. This must be
facllitated by improving access to the beachfront, pedestrian, public
translt, and vehicular.
9) Parking facllities should be provlded which are compatible
with the recreational capacity of the beachfront.
10) Accessibility to the Northern Beach Front
public transit or bicycle) is severely restricted.
restrictions is a major plannlng objective. These
should be studied for improvement in such a way as
use of the northern beachfront.
(Pedestrian,
Relief of these
forms of access
to afford ample
11) A more beneficial use of the entire beachfront should be
provided by making vehicular access to the south and north beaches
more responsive to the major travel approach from the Santa Monica
Freeway.
12) The land, air and marine envlronments should be maintained
and improved so as to enhance publlC recreatlon at the beachfront.
13) The possible adverse effect upon recreational opportunities
must be investlgated before removing any parking from the beachfront.
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3.5.1
3.5 E. Planning Actions
3.5.2
.
3.5.3
1) Def1nition of Terr1torial Limits - The State Beach includes
all state owned property to the mean high tide line westerly of the
Pacific Coast Highway, ftpP1an Way, Ocean Avenue, and Barnard Way.
2) Public Coastal Recreat10n Zones - It 1S recommended that the
Study Area be designated a Public Coastal Recreation Zone. Three
sectors pertaining to the approprlate and permissible use of land
should be designated within this zone:
a) The Primary Beachfront Sector - A primary beachfront of
200-foot depth from the mean high tide should be established in which
no permanent structures should be allowed and only moveable lifeguard
towers could be placed.
b) The Secondary Beachfront Sector - A secondary beachfront
should be established from the Primary Beachfront Sector to the westerly
boundary of private property lines or 500 feet from the mean high tide
llne, whichever comes f1rst in Wh1Ch the natural characterist1cs of the
sandy dry tidelands should be predom1nant and the permitted facilities
are those public facilit1es assoclated w1th beach recreat1on. Examples
of such uses are walkways, bikepaths, parks, restrooms, food and beach
concessions, changing rooms, picnic areas, outdoor sports areas, public
parking.
c) Public Recreation Sector - The remaining sector of the Santa
Monica State Beach should be designated a Public Recreation Sector. This
sector should include all public property between the Secondary Beachfront
Sector and the public thoroughfares (Pac1fic Coast H1ghway, Applan Way,
Ocean Avenue and Barnard Way) bounding the Study Area and the Santa
Monica P1er. In addition to those uses permitted in the Pr1mary and
Secondary Beachfront Sectors, public coastal and recreation-related
uses could be permitted by the City. Examples of such uses are public
recreation centers (such as the recreation center 1n Venice) prov1ding
recreation opportunit1es to the elderly, teenagers, and famil1es.
Commercial-recreation fac1l1ties in keeping w1th the character and
type of facilities at the Santa Mon1ca Pier (such as amusement facil1t1es
and small eating establishments) could only be permitted near the pier
along the promenade from Crescent Bay Park to the existing beach main-
tenance yards.
3) Access & Transportation Facilities - Recommendat1ons for access
and park1ng constitute an essent1al and critical element in assuring
the accessibility of the Santa Mon1ca State Beach to use by the regional
population. It is recommended that certain traffic control measures
be instituted immediately and that a parking option be considered.
Additionally, recommendations for future beach Shuttle and public transit
facilities are addressed.
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a) Traffic Control Measures - In order to better control use
of existlng parking lots, re-signing of the Lincoln Boulevard offramp
of the Santa Monica Freeway should be immediately requested by the
City. The sign should indicate "Santa Monica State Beach South II and
proper signing of this access system to parking lot No. 2600 should
be made in the City. The recommended route is Lincoln offramp to
lincoln Boulevard, Pico Boulevard, Ocean Avenue and Barnard Way.
Parking lot turnover analysis has shown that this measure is possible
and will improve the use of the Ocean Park parklng lot.
Additionally, a program should be lmmediately established with CALTRANS
so that when parking lots are full along the Coast Highway or the Coast
Highway is congested, the Freeway Condltlon Boards on the Santa Monica
Freeway can transmit a message, such as: SANTA MONICA STATE BEACH.....
USE LINCOLN OFFRAMP.
The recommendatlon for parking is presented as an option to be retained
by the City to implement under certaln conditions. Given existing rec-
reation travel habits and reliance upon the automobile, as well as the
physical configuratlon of the Palisades Bluffs and hlghway access near
the Santa Monica beachfront, parking 1S an essential recreation facility.
The followlng parking option is placed in the perspective of its effect
on alr quality, of lts effects on recreational vehlcle miles along the
Paclfic Coast Highway, and of its effect upon congestion.
b) Parking Option: This option presumes that increasing the
number of parking spaces available at the beachfront is not posslble
because of air quality control programs. In this case, lt is recommended
that parking access be distributed between the beachfronts accessible
by northbound traffic on the Pacific Coast Highway (which are currently
underutilized) and the beaches accesslble from the Ocean Park area and
southbound Paclfic Coast Highway traffic. Parking lot usage studies
indicate that 900 bays should be transferred in order to achleve this
equil i brium.
It is recommended, however, that 400 bays be relocated from south of the
pier to the northern beachfront at park1ng lot 1100 and 100 bays to park-
lng lot 1440. This allocation reflects accommodation of increased use
of the Oce2n Park lot because of traffic control measure recommended
previously and the physical capabilities of accommodating parking in
those locations.
Congestion on Pacific Coast Hlghway, caused by numerous left-hand turn
movements to heavily used or closed lots, will be allevlated by the re-
location of parking. This will result because the relocation will more
adequately correspond to recreational travel demand and accommodate
the traffic patterns in this area. In conJunction w1th this relocation
left-hand turn movements wlll need to be properly controlled and also load-
lng and unloadlng zones for beach users wlll need to be provided. . These
loading/unloading zones should be des1gned to facilitate easy entrance
and exit to lots to allow a workable alternative to park1ng.
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3.5.4
4) Recreational Facilities - It 1S recommended that recreational
faciiit1es and services be of1ented to both summertime and wintertime
use of the beach. Furthermore, it is reco~mended that the facilities
to be consldered be appropr1ate to the varied user population of the
Santa Mon1ca State Beach, reflective of their age groups, lifestyles,
and socia-economic character1stics. Criteria are presented here and
in Section 3.3.1 of this volume with which declsions can be made in
order to determine the need and locational parameters of each facility.
Design, density and visual cr1teria govern1ng the constructlon of such
facilities are elaborated in Section 3.3.2 of this Volume.
Pt'ovision of the fOllowing facilitles is recommended.
a) Lifeguard Services - With the demolition of the Pacific
Ocean Park Pier, one lifeguard tower will be necessary at that area of
the beachfront. The placement of this tower should be within the Primary
Beachfront Sector and 600 feet from the last existing tower.
b) Bikeway - The bikeway presently approved by the Santa Monlca
Clty Council is a v1tal link in the regional coastal bikeway plan from
Palos Verdes to points north. Extending the blkeway to Will Rogers
State Beach is recommended.
c) Extension and rerouting of the Promenade on the North Beach-
front - The promenade ~hould be rerouted from the existing location be-
tween the Santa Monica Pier and parking lot 1060 to a location approx-
imately 250 feet from the Pacific Coast Highway to better serve the exces-
sively deep beach at that location. This rerouting will allow for picnlc
areas and buffers to the parking lot to be installed.
The extension of the promenade should be considered from lot 1060 north-
ward. This extension should be phased to accommodate pedestrians from
the Montana Pvenue Overpass when it is completed.
Lighting must be provlded along the promenade.
d) Recreation Service Areas - It is recommended that restrooms,
changing rooms, food and beach concessions, drinking fountains and out-
door showers be grouped together 1n a recreation service area. The place-
ment of these areas should occur apprOXimately every 1000 feet the length
of the beachfront~ in the Secondary Beachfront Sector and accessible from
the promenade or a walkway as well as from the sandy beach. The sequence
of creatlng new facillties and recreatlon service areas should coordlnate
extendlng services to underserviced areas and beach user dlstributlon
changes 1n time.
The visual character of these facllities should be of low profile and
unobstrusive. Mobile, and temporary structures could be incorporated into
the area if the facility will not operate on a year-round basis.
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Year-round use of the recreation service areas can be expected, however,
if wintertime use of the beach is encouraged and recreation opportunities
are provided.
e) Outdoor Recreation Areas a~d Children1s Playgrounds - It is
recommended that outdoor recreation areas and ch1ldren's playgrounds be
approximately 3000 feet apart and in the Secondary Beachfront Sector.
Th1S allocation should enhance beach recreation with non-consumpt1ve
beach related activities and promote wintertime use of the beach. Fa-
cilit1es that should be provided in these areas include volleyball courts,
playground equipment and other outdoor sports equipment that can be in-
stalled on the sandy beach.
It is add1tionally recommended that outdoor recreation equ1pment be
utilized on unused parking lots during the off-season.
f) Picnic Areas - It is recommended that picnic facilities be
1nstalled the length of the promenade and at the edges of parking lots
on the sandy beach. These facilities (tables, barbecue pits) will prov1de
a recreational opportunity that 1S lack1ng in great measure at the present
time and encourage off-season use of the beachfront.
3.5.5
5) Landscaping & Parks - It 1S recommended that all parking lots
at the beachfront be landscaped in order to minimize the object1onable
qualities of their appearance at the beachfront.
Particular and immed1ate attention should be given to Parking Lot No.
2600 in the Ocean Park area. As resldents of Ocean Park p01nted out
at the community meetings held pertaining to this plan, landscaplng and
relining of this parking lot will have the immed1ate effect of mln1m1z1ng
dangers created by its misuse by speeders and mitigating the effects of a
wide expanse of blacktop incongruous with the beachfront area. Parking
lot demand studies corroborate that the park1ng potentially lost fram
landscaplng is presently unused and not detrimental to park1ng demand.
The landscaping techniques that are recommended will act as buffers be-
tween the promenade, b1kepath and parking lots and prov1des benefits of
safety. The vegetation utilized should be that sort of vegetation natural
to the coastline.
3.5.6
6) Santa Monica Pier - The Santa Monica Pier is the visual and activity
focal point of the beach. Econom1c development and architectural studies
of the p1er are currently in progress and the structural foundations of
the pler have been repaired. Its present unrealized qualities should be
enhanced and its unique character be protected and preserved. As the pier
1S an integral part to use of the beachfront, its w1ntertime use character-
istic should be able to encourage off-season use of the entire beachfront,
as the pier can become part of the total recreation v1sit. Its visual
1dent1ty and recognition from the Pacific Pal1sades, and highway approaches
should not be obstructed.
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3.5.7
7) Breakwater - The Santa Monlca breakwater is in a major state
of disrepair. Because of the environmental lmpact of the breakwater
on the entire Santa Monica Bay, lt is recommended that the breakwater
be preserved in its present state. Further deterioration must be
controlled and measures implemented to stop that deterioratlon.
It 1S not recommended that the breakwater be repaired to its original
state nor expanded beyond that limit. If the breakwater were repaired
or expanded, littoral sand movement would be effected along the Santa
Monica Bay, having an adverse environmental effect on the coastline.
Secondly, repair crt the breakwater would incur economically infeasible
dredging costs.
The number of moorings should not be increased to more than 200 moor-
ings, the present capacity of the breakwater. A small craft faclllty
of larger size would adversely affect beach recreation use and capacity
and create access problems.
- 22 -
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
A. Project Description
The Santa Monica State Beach Resource Management and Development Plan
1S 1ntended to function as a decision making gU1de which will clarify
and direct the ongo1ng processes of the development and maintenance
of the recreational potential of the Santa Monica Beach. For a de-
scr1ption of the area refer to the 2nd sect10n of the plan~ Existing
Conditions on pages 4-11. The Plan is composed of Goals and ObJectives~
Policy Positions and Planning Actions which 1nterrelate to achieve the
function described. The analysis of environmental impact here focuses
on the planning actions since they provide the most detailed and there-
for the most measurable aspects of the project. Although it should be
recognized that th1S is an environmental overV1ew 1n conformance with
CEQA guidelines pertaining to General Plans and that more detailed
env1ronmental assessments would be necessary when a particular planning
action is implemented.
The Planning Actions include the following considerations:
- the establishment of three recreational zones each of which
would have a different level and type of development allowed.
- provisions to improve access including certa1n types of slgns
on the Santa Monica Freeway and local streets and the rearrangement of
existing parking.
- provisions for a variety of recreat10nal opportunities in-
cluding extension of the bikepath and promenade. central1zed serV1ce
areas provid1ng a range of facilities such as restrooms~ concessions and
outdoor showers, singular purpose areas such as volleyball courts and
childrents playgrounds~ and picnic areas with tables and barbecue pits.
- the landscaping of parks and parking lots in the beach area
to improve the appearance of the beachfront.
- the cont1nued development of the pier both in terms of
aesthetics and commercial activit1es.
- the maintenance of the breakwater and a lim1tation of the
number of moorings in the harbor.
B. Environmental Impact of Planning Actions
The discussion of impacts, both beneficial and adverse~ is arranged
according to the following five characteristics of the env1ronment:
1) Terrestrial Env1ronment: Potential areas for vegetat10n growth and
wildl1fe habitat w1ll be created with landscaped parking lots. The
wintertime use program may inhibit the growth of plants if the number of
users is great enough to generate foot traffic which would trample plant
growth. Reallocated parking may create habitat potential where the lot
is removed, but wlll reduce the area available for habitat where the new
lot is constructed.
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Since the existing terrestrial biology at Santa Monica State Beach has
been disturbed already through a long period of time, any adverse impacts
of the plan may be judged insignificant. The plan will maintain the ex-
lsting biological conditions for the most part and enhance those conditions
1n the areas of landscaped park1ng lots.
2) Marine Env1ronment: Since the ~reakwater is in a state of deterioratlon,
preservation of the existing breakwater will require some repair in order
to halt further deterioration. Construct1on activities at the breakwater
will impair or destroy some or all marine life existing on or near the
breakwater and will decrease water quality in the proximate area. The
effects of the breakwater on the dynamlcs of littoral drift and on the
physiography of the ocean bottom apparently have stabilized so that neither
excessive depositirnnor erosion presently occurs. To maintain the break-
water in its existing state is to maintain this stabilized condition.
The overall impact of the plan on the marine environment is to maintain
it in its present state. As documented previously, the eX1sting marlne
environmental dynamics are not completely characteristic of a natural
coastal setting, rather they reflect a history of heavy use by a large
urban populatlon. Although the plan does not improve the condltion of
the marine environment, the plan does prevent its further deterioration.
3) Atmospheric Environment: Increased recreational facilities and
preservat10n of the existing breakwater will degrade local air quality
and increase noise levels dur1ng construct1on. Traffic control and land-
scaped parklng lots will improve air quality and reduce vehlcle miles
travelled (VMT). Landscaped parking lots will filter particulates and~
to a lesser degree, gaseous pollutants. Traffic control will also re-
duce traffic-generated nOlse by reducing traffic volumes and landscaped
parking lots will act as psychologlcal barriers to noise if not complete
physical barriers.
The overall impact of the plan on the atmospheric environment depends on
regional air quality analysis and plannlng. Whereas if additional parking
were allowed it would likely increase the regions VMT by permitting more
people to drive to the beach, or it could also decrease VMT by discouraglng
recreat10nal travel to a beach farther away. Only reglonal analysis is
appropr1ate to this kind of impact evaluation. In any event the plan
precludes any additional parking at the beach which will contribute to
the deterioration of air quality.
4) Man-Made Environment: The increased demand on infrastructural systems
by lncreased facillties is ins1gnificant given the types of facilltles,
their reratively low requirements, and the ready ava1lability of 1nfra-
structures.
One of the most pressing problems of the beach is the congestion on
streets serving the beach. The impacts of the plan are all beneficlal
wlth respect to transportation with the exception of the increased trans-
portation demand generated by the wintertime use program. This demand
wlll not overburden the systems capability, however.
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The improved transportation system 1S the most signif1cant impact on the
man-made environment.
5) Recreat10nal Environment: The only adverse impacts on the recreational
environment are those caused by the increased demand on recreational fac-
ilities. The purpose of the plan is to maintain and enhance the study
area as a beach recreational resource. By improvlng access to the beach
and recreational opportunitleS on the beach, the recreational environ-
ment is lmproved.
Slnce recreational facilities are intended for use, the impact of use on
those facilities is insign1f1cant. The plan as a whole improves access
to the beach and recreational opportunities on the beach.
.
Summary of Impact: In consideration of all the elements discussed the
beneficial impacts would seem to outweigh the adverse impacts posed
by the plan. Additionally there does not appear to be any singular
element of the plan WhlCh would present a significant adverse enVlron-
mental impact.
C.
Adverse Effects Which Cannot be Avoided if the Plan is Implemented;
- reduction of potential biological habitat and open space
where new-facilities are constructed.
- increased demand on infrastructural and soc1al service
systems by increased facilities and programs.
- temporary increases in nOlse and dust dur1ng construction.
D. Mitigation Measures Proposed to Mlnlmize the Impact:
- Undesirable noise levels can be mitigated by barriers
such as a solid wall next to the road to attenuate noise on the beach.
A wall next to the road need only be as high as the height of automobiles
to block auto-generated noise.
- Extensive planting prov1des a psychological barrier to noise.
- Impacts of constructlon of new fac1lities on biota can be
minim1zed by providing footpaths through planted areas, and by prohlb1ting
plowing and groundwater removal in native habitats.
- Impacts of facilities on scenic Vlews can be minimized by good
siting and design which can also facllitate efficient, economic use of
infrastructures.
- Degradation of local air quality can be minimlzed by extens1ve
plant1ng of vegetation to filter particulate and gaseous pollutants.
- To minimize the temporary adverse lmpacts of construction on
the beach, contracts wlth construction firms should require noise and dust
abatement programs.
E. Alternatives to the Proposed Actions:
There are a myriad of alternative actions which could be considered
1neluding no action, an increase or a decrease 1n the degree or intenslty
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e
of 1ndlv1dual actions. Essent1ally this could lnclude ~ore or less land-
scap1ng, an 1ncrease 1n recreat10n faCll1tles, or a decrease 1n them or
a change In the amount of development suggested on the Pier and other
areas. The most signif1cant changes would appear to be an increase 1n
the amount of plan parking and also an expanded version of the breakwater
and harbor. The adverse i~pacts of these alternat1ves have already been
described.
F.
The Relationship Between Local Short-Term Uses of The Enviro~Tent and
the Maintenance and Enhancement of Long-Term Productlvlty: -
.
The Beach Plan attempts to reach a balance between short-term recreational
uses and long-term beach productivlty by provldlng for the lmmediate and
speciflc needs of the diverse user population while enhancing the long-
term opportunit1es for recreation and open space.
~
G. I~~eversible Environmental Changes Which Would be Involved Should the
Proposed Plan be Implemented:
No actlon of the plan is completely irreversible. Although some actions
do requ1re a long-term commitment of the environment to certain uses.
H. The Growth-Inducing Iwpacts of the Proposed Plan:
The plan will increase the recreational potential of the Santa Mon1ca
State Beach and can be expected to lnduce some growth in the community.
The major impact of the beach has already been felt, however, in the
growth of the C1ty of Santa Monica.
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e
V GLOSSARY
.
Access: Access may generally be defined as accounting for all those factors
which contribute to or disrupt the ability of people gettlng to and from the
beach. This tncludes the modes of travel such as cars, buses, bikes and
walklng; the roadways, bikepaths and footpaths and also the availablity of
parking.
Bays (parking) A bay is a designated space for parking a car. The capacity
of a parking lot 1S determined by the number of bays it contains or has the
potential for containing.
Beach Recreation: It is difflcult to establish what constitutes beach re-
creation unequivocally. Certain activities appear to be obviously beach
recreation such as surfing, swimming, wading, water sklilng, and sunbathing.
But all of these activities can be performed elsewher~ although not necessarily
with the same quality. Even surfing has been artificially created in swimming
pools. Volleyball, biking, and other activities are commonly found at the
beach although they could be enjoyed elsewhere. Because of these variables
there cannot be a precise list of activities which are clearly beach oriented
to the exclusion of other activities. The city must make these determinations
as conflicts arise. Although it 1S presumed that the activities described here
and referenced in the plan would generally be accepted as beach related re-
creation.
Capital Improvements: generally refers to the physical improvements a city
makes for public welfare including such things as streets, water and sewer
lines, parks, bikepaths or various structures for public use.
EIR: environmental impact report is an analysis of what impacts will likely
occur to various factors in the environment due to a particular development.
Factors may include air and water quality, traffic generation~ affect on
view or disruptlon of biological features. The requirements of an EIR are
described in the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970.
LCP: Local Coastal Program is defined in the California Coastal Act of
1976 as a program prepared by local jurisdictions according to the stipulations
of that act.
i
.
Littoral Sand Movement: The movement of particles, typically sand, along a
seashore which varies with the direction of the water currents.
Mean High Tide: The high tide line refers to the average of the highest
points to which the ocean rlses or the furthest inland it goes on the beach
during a tidal cycle of one day. This may vary from day to day depending on
the gravitational forces which are acting on it.
Moorlngs: a buoy or other structure in the water anchored to one spot, to
which a boat may be secured or tied.
Marine Biology:
a) crustacians: a large class of marine animals including
shrimps and crabs and also water fleas and barnacles.
- 28 -
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e
b} molluscs: a large group of marine invertebrate animals
that include snails, mussels, octopuses and related forms.
~
Recreational Capacity: generally the capacity of a recreational facillty
to accommodate people or its use. The actual amount depends on the standard
employed which in turn reflects the quality of use that users expect. An
example is a common standard used by the California Department of Darks &
Recreation which is a minimum of 100 square feet of sand on the beach for
each person. A density of people on the beach which exceeds this would cause
a crowded or uncomfortable condition. In contrast higher numbers of people
on a facillty such as the pier may actually contrlbute to the carnival am-
bience enJoyed by many.
Santa Monica State Beach: generally includes that area owned by the State
Department of Parks & Recreation and managed by the City of Santa Monica
including the sandy beach, the parking lots and various portable and fixed
facilities such as the bikepath or conceSSlon stands.
Visual Environment: Generally within the context of the beach area, the
visual environment encompasses two aspects: 1) the view which may be
enjoyed from the land areas such as the bluffs, the beach or the pier towards
the ocean and accounts for the factors which may disrupt or obstruct this view.
2) The total visual effect which may be enjoyed from one spot by senslng all
the ~urroundln~ area includlng the man made features such as the structures,
the pier or the roadway as well as the natural features such as the ocean,
the sandy beach or the bluffs and the blending or co-existence of these fea-
tures. Once again this total vlsual effect also accounts for the factors
which contribute to or detract from its enjoyment.
.
c
- 29 -
.
.
.
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DRAFT #2
SANTA MONICA STATE BEACH
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & DEVELOPMENT PLAN
G I<.
,---~
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CITY OF SANTA MONICA
FEBRUARY 1979
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I I NTRODUCT I ON. . . .. II .. . .. .. ... .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . ... ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. -.. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . 1
A.. P u rpo s e.. . ... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. II .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. 1
B.. S ullI11a ry of P 1 an. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... ill .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... .. . .. .1
II EXISTING CONDITIONS
A. Location Map and Distribution of Beach Attendance.....4
B.. Study A rea.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5
.
c. Existing Land Use.....................................6
D. Recrea ti ona 1 Fac i 1 i ti es. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .7
E. Beach User Density Distribution.......................8
F.. Traffic Condi ti ons.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . .. 9
G. Terrestrial and Marine Biology........................10
H. Seismic Hazards........................................!1
III RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & DEVELOPMENT PLAN
A. Introduction--Framework for Planning..................12
B. Goals and Objectives..................................13
1} Resource Management Goal and Objectives...........13
2} Development Goal and Objectives...................13
C.. Standards.. ill .. . . ill . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . III . ... .. .. . . .. .. ... .. .. ... . . ... . . .. .. .. .. . ... .14
I} Recreation Activities and Facilities..............14
2} Aesthetic and Design Criteria.....................14
3 ) Safe ty ill ... . . . II .. . .. . . ... .. .. .. .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . .. .. . . . . .. .. ... . . 15
.
D. Po 1 ; c; es . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . ... . .. .. . . . . . .. ... . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . ... . ... . . . . 16
E. Planning Actions.......................................18
1) Definition of Territorial Limits..................18
2) Public Coastal Recreation Zones...................18
3) Access and Transportation Facilities..............18
4) Recreatlonal Facilities...........................20
5} Landscaping and Parks.............................21
6) Santa Monica Pier..............,......................21
7) Brea kwa ter.. .. . .. .. . ... . . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. ... .. III III . .. .. .. . .. 22
F, Land Use Map............ III . .. . III III .. ... .. .. . .. . . .. . .. . . ... .. II .. .. .. .. . .. .. . . .. .. 23
//
Page
IV ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
- A. Project Oescription......~..............~.............24
B. Environmental Impact of Planning Actions..............24
C. Adverse Effect Which Cannot be Avoided if the
Pl an is Imp 1 ernen ted.. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. 26
D. Mitigation Measures Proposed to Minimize the Impact...26
E. Alternatives to the Proposed Actions..................26
F. The Relationship Between Local Short-Term Uses of
Manis Environment and the Maintenance and Enhance-
ment of Long-Term Productivity.......................27
G. Irreversible Environmental Changes Which Would be
Involved Should the Proposed Plan be Implemented.....27
H. The Growth-Inducing Impacts of the Proposed Plan.....27
V
GLOSSARY.. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. . ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. 28
/-
".
INTRODUCTION
'I..
-- PURPOSE
-- SUMMARY OF PLAN
;0.
I INTRODUCTION
1.1 A. PURPOSE
Effective planning for a coastal recreational resource such as the Santa
Monica State Beach requires that the complex and changing lnterrelation-
ships between social, economic, and environmental values be managed by
those decision makers implementing change at the beachfront. The Santa
Monica State Beach Resource Management and Development Plan (hereafter
known as the Beach Plan) 1S intended to function as a dec1sion making
guid~ which will clarify and direct the ongoing processes of the develop-
ment and maintenance of the recreational potential of the Santa Monica
State Beach.
~
~
The management of any physical resource is based on the identif1cation of
certa1n goals and objectives, that the community wishes to achieve. Sub-
sequently there must be overall policy positions created along with more
specific planning actions to establish the means to reach those goals and
objectives. Together these elements comprise the framework for planning
which is the second major section of this plan.
The essential purpose of the Plan, therefore, is to first present findings
on the existing conditions of the coastal area; secondly to embody the
needs and desires of the community in Goals and Objectlves; and thirdly to
set our policies and actions which will fulfill those goals and Objectives.
It is also intended that the Plan described here will eventually be refer-
enced within the more comprehensive Local Coastal Program (LCP). Santa
Monica1s LCP will address a broader scope of issues due to the legislative
mandate for consideration of statewide as well as local issues. The Beach
Plan (Santa Monica State Beach Resource Management and Development Plan)
will therefore contribute to the development of the more expanded and
comprehensive LCP.
1.2 B. SUMMARY OF PLAN
The Beach Plan (Santa Monica State Beach Management and Development Plan)
is intended as a guide for the management and development of the recreational
potent1al of the Santa Monica State Beach. The Beach Plan cons1sts of two
main sections, in addition to this introduction: Existing Conditions and
the Resource Management and Development Plan.
1.2.1 Existing Conditions
This section is composed of 8 maps each with a short text describing the
conditions illustrated on the map. \1) The purpose of the map is to highlight
(1) Source: City Plannlng Department
Draft Sa~ta Monica State Beach Master Plan~ December 1974
some of the significant features of the beach area and demonstrate where
planning needs as well as opportunities are. The conditions that are de-
scribed establlsh the foundation upon which planning goals and actions can
be based. The basic subject matters include:
- illustrating the relationship between land uses both
locally and regionally.
- showing w~ere recreational facilities are and how
beach user patterns affect or are effected by these
facilities.
- description of the basic factors which influence
people's ability to get to different areas of the
beach.
: discussion of the various biological elements that
make up the area and how they are impacted or en-
hanced.
- demonstrating certain geological and seismic hazards
which prevail on or near the beach such as liquefaction
of the sandy area during potential earthquakes.
1.2.2 Resource Management and Development Plan
This section is divided into 5 main subsections:
- Goals & Objectives
- Standards
- Policies
- Planning Actions
- and the Land Use Map
The introduction to these subsections suggest that they all interrelate
to form a framework for plannlng; whereas each subsection leads to another
and in turn is SUbject to revislon or refinement based upon subsequent de-
velopment of another subsection. Thus it creates a circular process.
The Goals & Objectives provide the direction of the plan byestablish-
ing end products of: optimum levels of recreational facilities to meet
needs, concern for environmental protection, and enhancement of the de-
sirable visual aspects of the beach.
The Standards establlsh guidelines by which programs and actions re-
commended in the plan can be measured, to ensure that the beaches carrYlng
capacity is not exceeded, certain recreatlonal opportunities are provided,
mlnimum design features are met and safety is maintalned.
The Pollcles define broad courses of action which are more detailed
- 2 -
in the planning actions. They call for:
- insuring that close coordination is maintained between the city,
county and state in the operation of the state beach.
- providing a variety of recreational opportun1ties on a year
round basis.
- continuing efforts to maximize all forms of access to the beach
including consideration of pedestrian access, parking and public
transit.
- maintaining and enhancing the environmental quality of the beach.
The Planning Actions describe the intent of the policies 1n more detail
and include the following considerations:
- the establishment of three recreation zones each of which would
have a different level and type of development allowed.
- provisions to improve access including certain types of signs
on the Santa Monica Freeway and local streets, and the rearrange-
ment of existing parking.
- provisions for a variety of recreation opportunities including
extension of the bikepath and promenade, centralized service
areas providing a range of facilities such as restrooms, con-
cessions and outdoor showers, singular purpose areas such as
volleyball courts and children's playgrounds, and picnic areas
with tables and barbecue pits.
- the landscaping of parks and parking lots in the beach area to
1mprove the appearance of the beachfront.
- the continued development of the pier, both in terms of aesthetics
and commercial activities.
the maintenance of the breakwater and the number of moorings in
the harber.
The Land Use Map locates where facilities will be placed and where
act1vities will occur.
- 3 -
;XISTING CONDITIONS
~
-- LOCATION MAP AND
DISTRIBUTION OF BEACH ATTENDANCE
-- STUDY AREA
-- EXISTING LAND USE
-- RECREATIONAL FACILITIES
-- BEACH USER DENSITY DISTRIBUTION
-- TRAFFIC CONDITIONS
-- TERRESTRIAL AND MARINE BIOLOGY
--.SEISMIC HAZARDS
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RESOURCE ~~NAGEMENT
AND
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
-- INTRODUCTION -
FRAMEWORK FOR PLANNING
-- GOALS & OBJECTIVES
-- STANDARDS
-- POLICIES
-- PLANNING ACTIONS
-- LAND USE MAP
-'
..
3.0 III RESOURCE MANAGEMENT & DEVELOPMENT PLAN
3.1 A. Introduction - F~amewo~k for Planning
The framework for planning is composed of five interrelated elements
which create a sequence (or hierarchy) of considerations. They are
as follows:
Goals & Qbjectives - These establish desired end products to be
reached after plans are carried out;
Standards - These provide general gUidelines to measure the
adequacy or desirability of a particular proposal or action;
Policies - These establish initial, broad courses of action.
Each policy should be flexible enough to prov1de the basis for de-
veloping a variety of mare specific actions while still maintaining
a basic direction to follow.
Planning Actions.. These describe the intent of the policies
in more detail. The advantage of separating policies from actions
is that the actions can be amended, deleted or new actions added
without changing the policies, thereby retaining the continuity of
the plan.
Land Use Map - This graphically illustrates and locates where
the actions will actually be carried out.
These five elements act together to provide the framework for plan-
ning by establishing the deslred results through Goals & Objectives
and folloWing broad policy and more specific actions to achieve those
desired results.
- 12 -
3.2 B. Goals & Objectives
3.2.1
1) Resource Management Goal & Objectives
.
The goal 1S to achieve the optimum possible environmental
quality of the Santa Monica State Beach and in so doing, prevent
deterioration of the natural environment of land, air and water,
all within a visual environment that is appropriate and consistent
with a public coastal recreational resource.
a) An objective is to mitigate the visual impact of any
and all structures and facilities appropriate for public coastal
recreation so as to minimize physical or visual barriers to the
beachfront and the Santa Monica Pier and emphasize its natural
environmental qualities.
b) An objective is to ensure that public health and
safety is protected by maintaining and defining standards for
public health and safety services, for beach and water recreat10n
use, and for physical design of recreation facilities.
2) Development Goal & Objectives
The goal is to establish Santa Monica State Beach as a
public coastal recreation resource responsive to its use by a
large segment of the local as well as regional population.
a) An objective is to maintain the Santa Monica State
Beach as a public recreational resource. Related recreational
opportunities at the beach should be considered subordinate to
beach recreation. The mix of activities at the beachfront should
reflect the social and economic characteristics of the residents
of the City of Santa Monica and of the regional beach user popula-
tion.
b) An objective is to provide access to the beachfront
that encourages its effective use and that responds to: recrea-
tion travel attitudes and desires, available regional and city
transportation and environmental conditions 1n the Los Angeles
region.
c) An Objective is to provide and maintain recreation
facilities consistent with the level of usage and level of user's
needs, adhering to the remaining objectives of this plan.
d) An objective is to incorporate compatible frff-season
recreation uses, activities, and facilities into the beach recre-
ation program in order to enhance the recreation potential of the
beach front and create new recreation opportunities.
- 13 -
3.3 C. Standards
3.3.1
3.3.2
1) Recreation Activities & Facilities
a} The beach should be considered a regional recreational
facility and part of a local and state-wide beach recreation system.
b) The beach should be viewed as an urban facility.
c) All activities at the beachfront must be compatible with
beach recreation, the primary activity, and related to it. Activities
which should be planned for are:
- beach recreation: bathing, swimming, strolling and wading,
also surfing, body-surfing and water skiing.
- active outdoor recreation: volleyball, gymnastics, and
various games
- passive recreation: social gatherings, family outings,
and peer groupings.
- biking and skating
- pier related activities: fishing, strolling, amusements
and eating.
d) Extensive boating should not exceed capabilities of the
existing breakwater.
e) Compatible wintertime uses are walking, picnicking, biking,
fishing, surfing, active outdoor sports.
f) The following recreation facilities should be considered:
- Recreation service areas - incorporating facilities for
sanitation (restrooms), changing room, food and beach con-
cessions, outdoor showers, and drinking fountains.
- Promenade and walkway incorporating lighting.
- Outdoor recreation areas incorporating children's playgrounds
and facilities for active outdoor sports.
- A bikeway extending the length of the beachfront whose place-
ment and design minimizes conflict between the pedestrian and
blCyclist.
g) The broadest array of facilities and services must be avail-
able at the beach in order to reflect the socia-economic needs of the
regional population.
2) Aesthetic & Design Criteria - It is recommended that speCific
design and aesthetic standards as well as density and height of facillty
standards be defined and developed.
- 14 -
This plan has described certain standards and criteria for such items as
recreational facilities, parking, landscaping and the Santa Monica Pier.
They reflect attitudes of the general public voiced during the execution
of this plan, and should serve as a basis from which future efforts on
aesthetic and design criteria can be directed.
To reiterate those main concerns: design, aesthetic,density and height
standards should:
a} improve the visual quality of the beachfront by emphasizing
the natural environment over the man-made environment.
b) provide that any and all facilities are unobtrusive and of
high design quality.
c) provide that public development of the beachfront is of
lesser intensity than the existing intensity of development.
d) ensure that the visual dominance of the Santa Monica Pier
is not obstructed from any observation point.
e} promote design features that enhance safety and mitigate
potential and existing unsafe use or misuse of beach facilities and
services.
Design review procedures should be established by the Archi-
tectural Review Committee of the City of Santa Monica. . The fallowing
prlncipals of design should be employed:
f} Construction should be minimal but functional.
g) The intensity of grouping of facilities should be sub-
ordinate to the intensity of development of the Santa Monica Pier.
3.3.3
3) Safety - The spatial distribution and location of facilities
must mitigate possible unsafe conditions.
a) Parking lots should be buffered from the beach areas
and especially from children's playgrounds.
b) Design of the bikepath must minimize the confl1ct between
pedestrians and bicyclists.
c} The scale and design of parking areas should be such that
speeding is restricted.
- 15 -
3.4 D. Policies - Coastal recreation policies must be utilized to improve
the quality of recreation at the beachfront. Their far-reaching impact~
when implemented, will create funding sources for beach preservation as
well as promote sound environmental, design~ and recreation improvement
programs applicable to planning for the beachfront.
Funding and operation of the Santa Monica State Beach falls within the
responsibility of three government agencies:
- The City of Santa Monica, whose position as delegated
operator of the State Beach indicates their responsibilities
for maintenance and development of the beachfront and for
provision of recreational activities, services, facilities
and programs.
- The Los Angeles County Department of Beaches, who has been
delegated to provide lifeguard services on the State Beach.
- T~~ State of California Department of Parks and Recreation,
whose position of owner of the State Beach indicates their
lead responsibility for property under their ownerShip.
1) These three government agencies must draw upon their own re-
sources and Federal funds for beach related expenditures such as future
capital improvements. Therefore, close coordination must be maintained
in order to use financial resources equitably.
2) Financial responsibilities and funding sources for operation
and development of the Santa Monica State Beach will be determined by
the City, County and State.
3) Because of the characteristic of beach revenues, which will
allow for operation and maintenance of the beach, major capital improve-
ments must be financed in an equitable fashion.
4) A variety of recreational activity should be maintained, en-
hanced, and adjusted to best serve and be responsive to changlng social
and economic values of its diverse present and potential Users.
5) Recreation programs and facilities should promote and respond
to a utilization of this recreational resource on a twelve month basls.
6) Provision far future improved pedestrian access from the
Palisades Park to the northern beachfront should be under continual study
until a method is devised to implement it.
7) If beach shuttle services and better public transportation
became available, they should be designed to distribute beach users
along the length of the beachfront and further so as to minlmize con-
centrated point loads of beach users that diminlsh recreational oppor-
tunities.
- 16 -
8} In order to provide for recreation opportunities that should
be available to the metropolitan beach user community, the available
recreational capacity at the beach should be utilized. This must be
facilitated by improving access to the beachfront, pedestrian, publiC
transit, and vehicular.
9) Parking facilities should be provided WhlCh are compatible
with the recreational capacity of the beachfront.
10) Accessibility to the Northern Beach Front (Pedestrian,
public transit or bicycle) is severely restricted. Relief of these
restrictions is a major planning objective. These forms of access
should be studied for improvement in such a way as to afford ample
use of the northern beachfront.
11) A more beneficial use of the entire beachfront should be
provided by making vehicular access to the south and north beaches
more responsive to the major travel approach from the Santa Monica
Freeway.
12) The land, air and marine environments should be maintained
and improved so as to enhance public recreation at the beachfront.
13) The possible adverse effect upon recreational opportunities
must be investigated before removing any parking from the beachfront.
- 17 -
3.5 E. Plannlng Actions
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.5.3
1) Definition of Territorial Limits - The State Beach includes
all state owned property to the mean high tide line westerly of the
Pacific Coast Highway~ Appian Way~ Ocean Avenue~ and Barnard Way.
2) Public Coastal Recreation Zones - It is recommended that the
Study Area be designated a Public Coastal Recreation Zone. Three
sectors pertaining to the appropriate and permissible use of land
should be designated within this zone:
a.) The Primary Beachfront Sector - A primary beachfront of
200-foot depth from the mean high tide should be established in which
no permanent structures should be allowed and only moveable lifeguard
towers could be placed.
b) The Secondary Beachfront Sector - A secondary beachfront
should be established from the Primary Beachfront Sector to the westerly
boundary of private property lines or 500 feet from the mean high tide
line~ whichever comes first in which the natural characteristics of the
sandy dry tidelands should be predominant and the permitted facilities
are those public facilities associated with beach recreation. Examples
of such uses are walkways~ bikepaths~ parks~ restrooms, food and beach
concessions, changing rooms, picnic areas, outdoor sports areas, pUblic
parking.
c) Public Recreation Sector - The remaining sector af the Santa
Monica State Beach should be designated a Public Recreation Sector. This
sector should include all public property between the Secondary Beachfront
Sector and the public thoroughfares (Pacific Coast Highway, Appian Way,
Ocean Avenue and Barnard Way) bounding the Study Area and the Santa
Monica Pier. In addition to those uses penmitted in the Primary and
Secondary Beachfront Sectors, public coastal and recreation-related
uses could be permitted by the City. Examples of such uses are public
recreation centers (such as the recreation center in Venice) providing
recreation opportunities to the elderly, teenagers, and families.
Commercial-recreation facilities in keeping with the character and
type of facillties at the Santa Monica Pier (such as amusement facilities
and small eating establishments) could only be permitted near the pier
along the promenade from Crescent Bay Park to the existing beach main-
tenance yards.
3) Access & Transportation Facilities - Recommendations for access
and parking constitute an essential and critical element in assuring
the accessibility of the Santa Monlca State Beach to use by the regional
population. It is recommended that certain traffic control measures
be instituted immediately and that a parking option be considered.
Additionally, recommendations for future beach shuttle and public transit
facilities are addressed.
- 18 -
--
a) Traffic Control Measures - In order to better control use
of existing parking lots, re-signing of the Lincoln Boulevard offramp
of the Santa Monica Freeway should be immediately requested by the
City. The sign should indicate lISanta Monica State Beach South" and
proper signing of this access system to parking lot No. 2600 should
be made in the City. The recommended route is Lincoln offramp to
Lincoln Boulevard, Pica Boulevard, Ocean Avenue and Barnard Way.
Parking lot turnover analysis has shown that this measure is possible
and will improve the use of the Ocean Park parking lot.
Additionally, a program should be immediately established with CALTRANS
so that when parking lots are full along the Coast Highway or the Coast
Highway is congested, the Freeway Condition Boards on the Santa Moni~a
Freeway can transmit a message, such as: SANTA MONICA STATE BEACH.....
USE LINCOLN OFFRAMP.
The recommendation for parking is presented as an option to be retained
by the City to implement under certain conditions. Given existing rec-
reation travel habits and reliance upon the automobile, as well as the
physical configuration of the Palisades Bluffs and highway access near
the Santa Monica beachfront, parking 1S an essential recreation faCility.
The following parking option is placed in the perspective of its effect
on air quality, of its effects an recreational vehicle miles along the
Pacific Coast Highway, and of its effect upon congestion.
b) Parking Option: This option presumes that increasing the
number of parking spaces available at the beachfront is not poss1ble
because of air quality control programs. In this case, 1t is recommended
that parking access be distributed between the beachfronts accessible
by northbound traffic on the Pacific Coast Highway (wh1ch are currently
underutilized) and the beaches accessible from the Ocean Park area and
southbound Pacific Coast Highway traffic. Parking lot usage studies
indicate that 900 bays should be transferred in order to achieve this
equilibrium.
It is recommended, however, that 400 bays be relocated from south of the
pier to the northern beachfront at parking lot 1100 and 100 bays to park-
ing lot 1440. This allocation reflects accommodation of increased use
of the Ocean Park lot because of traffic control measure recommended
previously and the physical capabil,ties of accommodating parking in
those locations.
Congestion on Pacific Coast Highway, caused by numerous left-hand turn
movements to heavily used or closed lots, will be alleviated by the re-
location of parking. This will result because the relocation will more
adequately correspond to recreational travel demand and accommodate
the traffic patterns in this area. In conjunction with this relocat1on
left-hand turn movements will need to be properly controlled and also load-
ing and unloading zones for beach users will need to be provided. . These
loading/unloading zones should be designed to facilitate easy entrance
and exit to lots to allow a workable alternative to parking.
- 19 -
3.5.4
4} Recreational Facilities - It is recommended that recreational
facilities and services be oriented to both summertime and wintertime
use of the beach. Furthermore, it is recommended that the facilities
to be considered be appropriate to the varled user population of the
Santa Monica State Beach, reflective of their age groups, lifestyles,
and socia-economic characteristics. Criteria are presented here and
in Section 3.3.1 of this volume with which decisions can be made in
order to determine the need and locational parameters of each facl1ity.
Design, density and visual criteria governing the construction of such
facilities are elaborated in Section 3.3.2 of this Volume.
Pt'ovision of the following fad 1 ities is reconmended.
a) Lifeguard Services - With the demolition of the Pacific
Ocean Park Pier, one lifeguard tower will be necessary at that area of
the beachfront. The placement of this tower should be within the Primary
Beachfront Sector and 600 feet from the last existing tower.
b) Bikeway - The bikeway presently approved by the Santa Monica
City Council is a vital link in the regional coastal bikeway plan from
Palos Verdes to points north. Extending the bikeway to Will Rogers
State Beach is recommended.
c) Extension and rerouting of the Promenade on the North Beach-
front - The promenade should be rerouted from the existing location be-
tween the Santa Monica Pier and parking lot 1060 to a location approx-
imately 250 feet from the Pacific Coast Highway to better serve the exces-
sively deep beach at that location. This rerouting will allow for picnic
areas and buffers to the parking lot to be installed.
The extension of the promenade should be considered from lot 1060 north-
ward. This extension should be phased to accommodate pedestrians from
the Montana Avenue Overpass when it is completed.
Lighting must be provided along the promenade.
d) Recreation Service Areas - It is recommended that restrooms~
changing rooms, food and beach concessions, drinking fountains and out-
door showers be grouped together in a recreation service area. The place-
ment of these areas should occur approximately every 1000 feet the length
of the beachfront, in the Secondary Beachfront Sector and accessible from
the promenade or a walkway as well as from the sandy beach. The sequence
of creating new facilities and recreation service areas should coordinate
extendin~ services to underserviced areas and beach user d1stribution
changes ln time.
The visual character of these facilities should be of low profile and
unobstrusive. Mobile, and temporary structures could be incorporated into
the area if the facility will not operate on a year-round basis.
- 20 -
3.5.5
3.5.6
~ear-round use of the recreation service areas can be expected, however,
if wintertime use of the beach is encouraged and recreation opportunities
are provided.
e) Outdoor Recreatlon Areas and Children's Playgrounds - It is
recommended that outdoor recreation areas and children's playgrounds be
approximately 3000 feet apart and in the Secondary Beachfront Sector.
This allocation should enhance beach recreation with non-consumptive
beach related activities and promote wintertime use of the beach. Fa-
cilitles that should be provided in these areas include volleyball courts,
playground equipment and other outdoor sports equipment that can be in-
stalled on the sandy beach.
It is additionally recommended that outdoor recreation equipment be
utilized on unused parking lots during the off-season.
f) Picnic Areas - It is recommended that picnic facilities be
installed the length of the promenade and at the edges of parking lots
on the sandy beach. These facilities (tables, barbecue pits) will provide
a recreational opportunity that is lacking in great measure at the present
time and encourage off-season use of the beachfront.
5) Landscaping & Parks - It is recommended that all parking lots
at the beachfront be landscaped in order to mlnimlze the Objectionable
qualities of their appearance at the beachfront.
Particular and immediate attention should be given to Parking Lot No.
2600 in the Ocean Park area. As residents of Ocean Park pointed out
at the community meetings held pertaining to this plan, landscaping and
relining of this parking lot will have the immediate effect of minimizing
dangers created by its misuse by speeders and mitigating the effects of a
wide expanse of blacktop incongruous with the beachfront area. Parking
lot demand studies corroborate that the parking potentially lost from
landscaping is presently unused and not detrimental to parking demand.
The landscaping techniques that are recommended will act as buffers be-
tween the promenade, bikepath and parking lots and provides benefits of
safety. The vegetation utilized should be that sort of vegetation natural
to the coastline.
6) Santa Monica Pier - The Santa Monica Pier is the visual and activity
focal point of the beach. Economic development and architectural studies
of the pier are currently in progress and the structural foundatlons of
the pier have been repaired. Its present unrealized qualities should be
enhanced and its unique character be protected and preserved. As the pier
is an integral part to use of the beachfront, its wintertlme use character-
istic should be able to encourage off-season use of the entire beachfront,
as the pier can become part of the total recreation visit. Its visual
identlty and recognition from the Pacific Palisades, and highway approaches
should not be obstructed.
- 21 -
3.5.7
7) Breakwater - The Santa Monica breakwater is in a major state
of disrepair. Because of the environmental lmpact of the breakwater
on the entire Santa Monica Bay, lt is recommended that the breakwater
be preserved in its present state. Further deterioration must be
controlled and measures lmplemented to stop that deterioration.
It is not recommended that the breakwater be repaired to its original
state nor expanded beyond that limit. If the breakwater were repaired
or expanded, littoral sand movement would be effected along the Santa
Monica Bay, having an adverse environmental effect on the coastline.
Secondly, repair or the breakwater would incur economically infeasible
dredging costs.
The number of moorings should not be increased to more than 200 moor-
ings, the present capacity of the breakwater. A small craft facility
of larger size would adversely affect beach recreation use and capacity
and create access problems.
- 22 -
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
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A. Project Description
The Santa Monica State Beach Resource Management and Development Plan
is intended to function as a decision making guide which will clarify
and direct the ongoing processes of the development and maintenance
of the recreational potential of the Santa Monica Beach. For a de-
scription of the area refer to the 2nd section of the plan, Existing
Conditions on pages 4-11. The Plan is composed of Goals and Objectives,
Policy Positions and Planning Actions which interrelate to achieve the
function described. The analysis of environmental impact here focuses
on the planning actions since they provide the most detailed and there-
for the most measurable aspects of the project. Although it should be
recognized that this is an environmental overview in conformance with
CEQA guidelines pertaining to General Plans and that more detailed
environmental assessments would be necessary when a particular planning
action is implemented.
The Planning Actions include the following considerations:
- the establishment of three recreational zones each of which
would have a different level and type of development allowed.
- provisions to improve access including certain types of signs
on the Santa Monica Freeway and local streets and the rearrangement of
existing parking.
- provisions for a variety of recreational opportunities in-
cluding extension of the bikepath and promenade, centralized service
areas providing a range of facilities such as restrooms, concessions and
outdoor showers, singular purpose areas such as volleyball courts and
children's playgrounds, and picnic areas with tables and barbecue pits.
- the landscaping of parks and parking lots 1n the beach area
to improve the appearance of the beachfront.
- the continued development of the pier both in terms of
aesthetics and commercial activities.
- the maintenance of the breakwater and a limitation of the
number of moorings in the harbor.
B. Environmental Impact of Planning Actions
The discussion of impacts, both beneficial and adverse, is arranged
according to the following five characteristics of the environment:
1) Terrestrial Environment: Potential areas for vegetation growth and
wildlife habitat wlll be created with landscaped parking lots. The
wintertime use program may inhibit the growth of plants if the number of
users is great enough to generate foot traffic which would trample plant
growth. Reallocated parking may create habitat potent1al where the lot
is removed, but will reduce the area available for habitat where the new
lot is constructed.
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.
Since the existing terrestrial biology at Santa Monica State Beach has
been disturbed already through a long period of time, any adverse impacts
of the plan may be judged insignificant. The plan will maintain the ex-
isting biological conditions for the most part and enhance those conditions
in the areas of landscaped parking lots.
2) Marine Environment: Since the breakwater is in a state of deterioration,
preservation of the existing breakwater will require some repair in order
to halt further deterioration. Construction activities at the breakwater
will impair or destroy some or all marine life existing on or near the
breakwater and will decrease water quality in the proximate area. The
effects of the breakwater on the dynamics of littoral drift and on the
physiography of the ocean bottom apparently have stabilized so that neither
excessive depositiannor erosion presently occurs. To maintain the break-
water in its existing state is to maintain this stabilized condition.
The overall impact of the plan on the marine environment is to maintain
it in its present state. As documented previously, the existing marine
environmental dynamics are not completely characteristic of a natural
coastal setting, rather they reflect a history of heavy use by a large
urban population. Although the plan does not improve the condition of
the marine environment, the plan does prevent its further deterloration.
3) Atmospheric Environment: Increased recreational facilities and
preservation of the existing breakwater will degrade local air quality
and increase noise levels during construction. Traffic control and land-
scaped parking lots will improve air quality and reduce vehicle miles
travelled (VMT). Landscaped parking lots will filter particulates and,
to a lesser degree, gaseous pollutants. Traffic control will also re-
duce traffic-generated noise by reducing traffic volumes and landscaped
parking lots will act as psychological barrlers to noise if not complete
physical barriers.
The overall impact of the plan on the atmospheric environment depends on
regional air quality analysis and planning. Whereas if additional parking
were allowed it would likely increase the regions VMT by permitting more
people to drive to the beach, or it could also decrease VMT by discouraging
recreational travel to a beach farther away. Only regional analysis is
appropriate to this kind of impact evaluation. In any event the plan
precludes any additional parking at the beach which will contribute to
the deterioration of air quality.
4) Man-Made Environment: The increased demand on infrastructural systems
by increased facilities is insignificant given the types of facilities,
their relatively low requirements, and the ready availability of lnfra-
structures.
:
One of the most pressing problems of the beach is the congestion on
streets serving the beach. The impacts of the plan are all beneficla1
with respect to transportation with the exception of the lncreased trans-
portation demand generated by the wintertime use program. This demand
will not overburden the systems capability, however.
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The improved transportation system is the most significant impact on the
man-made environment.
5) Recreational Environment: The only adverse impacts on the recreational
environment are those caused by the increased demand on recreational fac-
ilities. The purpose of the plan is to maintain and enhance the study
area as a beach recreational resource. By improving access to the beach
and recreational opportunities on the beach, the recreational environ-
ment is improved.
.
Since recreational facilities are intended for use, the impact of use on
those facilities is insignificant. The plan as a whole improves access
to the beach and recreational opportunities on the beach.
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Summary of Impact: In consideration of all the elements discussed the
beneficial impacts would seem to outweigh the adverse impacts posed
by the plan. Additionally there does not appear to be any singular
element of the plan which would present a significant adverse environ-
mental impact.
C. Adverse Effects Which Cannot be Avoided if the Plan is Implemented:
- reduction of potential biological habitat and open space
where new'facilities are constructed.
- increased demand on infrastructural and social service
systems by increased facilities and progr~s.
- temporary increases in noise and dust during construction.
~
o. Mitigation Measures Proposed to Minimize the Impact:
- Undesirable noise levels can be mitigated by barriers
such as a solid wall next to the road to attenuate noise on the beach.
A wall next to the road need only be as high as the height of automobiles
to block auto-generated noise.
- Extensive planting provides a psychological barrier to noise.
- Impacts of construction of new facilitles on biota can be
minimlzed by providing footpaths through planted areas~ and by prOhibiting
plowing and groundwater removal in native habitats.
- Impacts of facilities on scenic views can be minimized by good
siting and design which can also facilitate efficient, economic use of
infrastructures.
- Degradation of local air quality can be minimized by extensive
planting of vegetation to filter particulate and gaseous pollutants.
- To minimize the temporary adverse impacts of construction on
the beach, contracts with construction firms should require noise and dust
abatement programs.
E.
Alternatives to the Proposed Actions:
There are a myriad of alternative actions which could be considered
including no action, an increase or a decrease in the degree or intensity
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F.
of individual actions. Essentially this could include more or less land-
scaping, an increase in recreation facilities, or a decrease in them or
a change in the ~ount of development suggested on the Pier and other
areas. The most significant changes would appear to be an increase in
the amount of plan parking and also an expanded version of the breakwater
and harbor. The adverse impacts of these alternatives have already been
described.
The Relationship Between Local Short-Te~ Uses of ~ Environment and
the Malntenance and Enhancement of Long-Term Productivity:
The Beach Plan attempts to reach a balance between short-term recreational
uses and long-term beach productivity by providing for the immediate and
specific needs of the diverse user population while enhancing the long-
term opportunities for recreation and open space.
.
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G. Irreversible Environmental Changes Which Would be Involved Should the
Proposed Plan be Implemented:
No action of the plan is completely irreversible. Although same actions
do require a long-term commitment of the environment to certain uses.
H. The Growth-Inducing Impacts of the Proposed Plan:
The plan will increase the recreational potential of the Santa Monica
State Beach and can be expected to induce some growth in the community.
The major impact of the beach has already been felt, however, in the
growth of the City of Santa Monica.
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V GLOSSARY
.
Access: Access may generally be defined as accounting for all those factors
which contribute to or disrupt the ability of people getting to and from the
beach. This tncludes the modes of travel such as carsJ busesJ bikes and
walking; the roadways, bikepaths and footpaths and also the availablity of
parking.
Bays (parking) A bay is a designated space for parking a car. The capacity
of a parking lot is determined by the number of bays it contains or has ~e
potenttal for containing.
Beach Recreation: It is difficult to establish what constitutes beach re-
creation unequivocally. Certain activities appear to be obviously beach
recreation such as surfing, swimming, wading, water skiiing, and sunbathing.
But all of these activities can be performed elsewher~ although not necessarily
with the same quality. Even surfing has been ~rtific;ally created in swimming
pools. Volleyball, biking, and other activities are commonly found at the
beach although they could be enjoyed elsewhere. Because of these variables
there cannot be a precise list of activities which are clearly beach oriented
to the exclusion of other activities. The city must make these determinations
as conflicts arise. Although it is presumed that the activities described here
and referenced in the plan would generally be accepted as beach related re-
creation.
'"
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Capital Improvements: generally refers to the physical improvements a city
makes for public welfare including such things as streetsJ water and sewer
linesJ parks, bikepaths or various structures for public use.
EIR: environmental impact report is an analysis of what impacts will likely
occur to various factors in the environment due to a particular development.
Factors may include air and water qualitYt traffic generation, affect on
view or disruption of biological features. The requirements of an EIR are
described in the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970.
LCP: Local Coastal Program is defined in the California Coastal Act of
1976 as a program prepared by local jurisdictions according to the stipulations
of that act.
,4.
Littoral Sand Movement: The movement of particles, typically sand, along a
seashore which varies with the direction of the water currents.
Mean High Tide: The high tide line refers to the average of the highest
points to which the ocean rises or the furthest inland it goes on the beach
during a tidal cycle of one day. This may vary from day to day dependlng on
the gravitatlonal forces which are acting on it.
Moorings: a buoy or other structure in the water anchored to one spot, to
which a boat may be secured or tled.
Marine Biology:
a) crustacians: a large class of marine animals includlng
shrimps and crabs and also water fleas and barnacles.
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b) molluscs: a large group of marine invertebrate animals
that include snails, mussels, octopuses and related forms.
.
Recreational Capacity: generally the capacity of a recreational facility
to accommodate people or its use. The actual amount depends on the standard
employed which in turn reflects the quality of use that users expect. An
example is a common standard used by the California Department of Parks &
Recreation which is a minimum of 100 square feet of sand on the beach for
each person. A density of people on the beach which exceeds this would cause
a crowded or uncomfortable condition. In contrast higher numbers of people
on a facility such as the pier may actually contribute to the carnival am-
bience enjoyed by many.
Santa Monica State Beach: generally includes that area owned by the State
Department of Parks & Recreation and managed by the City of Santa Monica
including the sandy beach, the parking lots and various portable and fixed
facilities such as the bikepath or concession stands.
Visual Environment: Generally within the context of the beach area, the
visual environment encompasses two aspects: 1) the view which may be
enjoyed from the land areas such as the bluffs, the beach or the pier towards
the ocean and accounts for the factors which may disrupt or obstruct this V1ew.
2) The total visual effect which may be enjoyed from one spot by sensing all
the ?urround;n~ area including the man made features such as the structures,
the pier or the roadway as well as the natural features such as the ocean,
the sandy beach or the bluffs and the blending or co-existence of these fea-
tures. Once again this total visual effect also accounts for the factors
which contribute to or detract from its enjoyment.
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