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Council Meeting: November 12, 1991
NOV 1 2. 1991
Santa Monica, California
To: Mayor and City Council
From: City staff
Subject: Recommendation to Hold Public Hearing on the City of
Santa Monica's Source Reduction and Recycling Element and
Household Hazardous Waste Element
INTRODUCTION
This report recommends the holding of a public hearing on the
City's Source Reduction and Recycling Element and Household
Hazardous Waste Element which are required to be submitted to the
California Integrated Waste Management Board under the purview of
Assembly Bill 939. A second public hearing and final Council action
on the proposed documents is anticipated to occur in January, 1992.
Santa Monica's Source Reduction and Recycling and Household
Hazardous Waste Elements have been designed to continue the City's
commitment to the environment by meeting the state-mandated
diversion goals of AB 939 with a fully integrated solid waste
management program.
BACKGROUND
In 1989, the state Assembly passed legislation, AB 939, to address
various problems associated with the collection and disposal of
solid waste (AB 939 has been subsequently clarified and
1
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strengthened by AB 1820, AB 888, and AB 2707}. The solid waste
"crisis" which this legislation is intended to address stems from
a decreasing amount of available landf ill space in the state,
environmental concerns related to the conservation and preservation
of natural resources, and a special set of problems tied to the
presence of hazardous household products in the waste stream.
AB 939 stipulates that every jurisdiction in California is
responsible for all the solid waste which is generated within its
boundaries. The legislation mandates that 25 percent of this solid
waste must be diverted from landfills by 1995 and that 50 percent
must be diverted by the year 2000. Any jurisdiction which does not
meet these diversion requirements may be subject to a fine of
$10,000 for each day of non-compliance i.e., for each day that the
25 percent or 50 percent diversion requirement is not met. It
should be noted that the Santa Monica City Council adopted an
integrated solid waste management plan in May, 1989, prior to the
passage of AB 939, which sets a goal of a 25 percent diversion of
the City's municipal solid waste by 1994, a more ambitious target
than that contained in AB 939.
The first milestone which has been established by the state towards
compliance with AB 939, and the accompanying legislation, is the
completion of two separate documents: the Source Reduction and
recycling Element (SRRE) and the Household Hazardous Waste Element
(HHWE). The SRRE explains in detail how much farther the city of
2
Santa Monica must go to achieve its waste diversion goals (25
percent by 1995 and 50 percent by 2000) and what programs/policies
will be implemented to ensure that the goals are reached. The HHWE
describes the household hazardous waste problem in Santa Monica and
proposes an action plan for reducing the magnitude of the problem
between now and the year 2000. Unlike the City's regular solid
waste, state legislation does not mandate a specific percentage
reduction in the volume of household hazardous waste which is
landfilled, although the primary purpose of the HHWE is to identify
programs and policies which can achieve both source reduction and
diversion of household hazardous waste.
Both the SRRE and the HHWE were distributed for public review
beginning September 23, 1991. Review copies have been available to
members of the public at Santa Monica libraries and at the General
Services Department offices in city Hall. Over fifty copies of the
documents were also distributed to the City council, members of the
Task Force on the Environment, State and County agencies, numerous
cities in the region, City Departments, the Neighborhood Support
Center and the Chamber of Commerce. As part of the extensive public
review and comment process which is required by the legislation,
City staff held a community meeting on October 28, 1991 at the Ken
Edwards Center. This meeting was advertised in the Outlook and
through flyers posted at several locations in the City.
AB 939 created a new state agency, the California Integrated Waste
3
Management Board (CIWMB), which is responsible for the review and
approval of all SRRE and HHWE documents. Al though the off icial
deadline for submission of these documents was July 1, 1991, owing
to the complexity of the preparation process and the extensive
requirements for public review and comment, most cities have not
yet finalized their plans. The CIWMB has acknowledged this fact by
indicating that a "good faith" effort should be made by all
jurisdictions to complete their respective elements as soon as is
possible. Following Council review and approval of the plans and
acceptance by the CIWMB, the City will be required to submit an
annual report which summarizes progress which has been made toward
implementation of the adopted plan and achievement of the diversion
requirements.
DISCUSSION
Source Reduction and Recycling Element
The City of Santa Monica currently generates approximately 129,000
tons of solid waste per year. Commercial and industrial waste
comprise 68 percent (88,000 tons) of this total and residential
waste comprises 32 percent (41,000 tons). The draft SRRE indicates
that about 22,000 tons of total municipal solid waste are diverted
from landfills each year through various City-sponsored and private
source reduction and recycling efforts. This amount does not
include the very significant amounts of concrete and asphalt that
are ground up and recycled by the City/Blue Diamond partnership. Of
the remaining 107,000 tons which end up in landfills, city crews
4
collect about 70,000 tons and several private refuse haulers who
operate in the City collect the balance of 37,000 tons. Since some
of these private haulers (pay a fee) dump their loads at the City's
refuse transfer station, 84,000 tons are transported by the City
each year from the transfer station to three major landfills in Los
Angeles County. The remaining 23,000 tons are transported to
various landfills in the area by the private refuse haulers. city
transfer trailer trucks currently make approximately fifteen daily
trips to the landfills from the City's refuse transfer station,
with each round trip averaging sixty miles.
Through a combination of City-sponsored recycling programs, private
recycling programs and source reduction activities, approximately
17 percent of the City's total waste stream (22,000 tons per year)
is presently diverted from landfills. Of this total, 10,445 tons
are diverted from commercial and industrial establishments and
11,192 tons are diverted from residential occupancies. Santa Monica
residents are therefore currently achieving a 27 percent diversion
of the residential wastestream. The main emphasis for future
recycling and source reduction efforts, as outlined in the SRRE, is
therefore directed at the commercial/industrial sector.
The draft SRRE contains the following major sections:
Goals and Objectives
Solid Waste Generation Analysis
Source Reduction Component
5
Recycling Component
Composting Component
Special Waste Component
Education and Public Information Component
Disposal Facility Capacity Component
Funding Component
Integration Component
Each one of these required sections presents a substantial amount
of baseline data on present city efforts and comprehensively
details the steps which may be taken by the City to move from the
present status to achievement of a 25 percent and 50 percent solid
waste diversion. To achieve results in the commercial/industrial
sector, it will be necessary to require detailed information from
each of the 14 or more private refuse collection firms, concerning
their baseline data and their plans for achieving the 1995 and 2000
goals.
Literally hundreds of possible actions are listed in the SRRE, not
all of which can receive the same priority focus by the City due to
logistical and financial resource limitations. As the internal and
external environment which affects the ability of the City to
implement programs continues to change over the next few years,
however, it is important that the entire range of policy options
available to the City are considered. An essential function of the
SRRE is to comprehensively delineate this menu of options, even
6
though some of them may not be ultimately implemented. Based on
present conditions, the following specific programs are believed to
present the most promise for achieving the required solid waste
diversion. Many will require planning and actions by each of the
private haulers in addition to that by the city. These programs
are proposed to be implemented by 1995.
Source Reduction
o Implement a fee-for-volume refuse billing system to provide
monetary incentives for reducing the volume of solid waste to
all categories of city customers
o Provide technical assistance to businesses on alternative
production techniques or revised purchasing policies which can
achieve a significant reduction in the amount of solid waste
Recvcling
o Increase the categories of materials which are collected by
the city's recycling program
o Increase City recycling services to the commercial sector
o Increase recycling services to the multi-family sector
o Require private refuse haulers to provide recycling services
and document achievement of required diversion rates
o Construct a materials recovery facility (MRF)
Composting
o Promote backyard composting
o Establish a green waste drop-off center
o Provide separate green waste collection for residential
customers
7
Household Hazardous Waste Element
The problem of hazardous household waste (HHW) is increasingly
recognized as a troubling component of the municipal waste stream.
In Santa Monica, it is estimated that approximately 1,400 tons of
HHW is generated each year by the City's residents. This averages
about 61 pounds per year per household or four percent of the total
residential solid waste stream and slightly more than one percent
of the City's total municipal solid waste.
Santa Monica's commitment to HHW management is demonstrated by its
current permanent HHW collection facility located at the city Yard.
One of the few such facilities in the United states. Approximately
116 tons are collected at the HHW facility each year, or eight
percent of the total HHW in the City's waste stream. Approximately
70% of all materials collected are paint and much of this is being
recycled and used by a variety of groups. Although this collection
figure appears low, it actually represents a very significant
diversion rate when compared to the limited or non-existent
programs in other jurisdictions, and also represents a substantial
on-going financial investment by the city. The ultimate success of
the city's HHW programs, however, are proposed to be measured by
the amount of materials which are diverted but rather by an overall
reduction in the total amount of hazardous materials which are
purchased and used by households in the City. The draft Household
Hazardous Waste Element therefore presents the following hierarchy
for the City's program efforts.
8
o
Through public education and information,
to promote the use of safer substitutes,
management of hazardous materials and
generation of household hazardous waste
including programs
improve household
reduce the total
o Eliminate, to the maximum extent possible, the illegal dumping
of HHWwhich endangers pUblic health and safety, threatens the
city's water supplies and causes ecological damage to Santa
Monica Bay
o Continue to reduce or eliminate entry of HHW into the solid
waste stream to protect the integrity of landfills and reduce
potential hazards to the environment, the general public and
City waste collection personnel
o Continue efforts to recycle and reuse most of the materials
recovered through the City's HHW collection programs
o Through operation of the City's HHW facility and other
diversion programs, double the amount of City HHW diverted by
1995
BUDGET/FISCAL IMPACT
There are no budget or fiscal impacts associated with the adoption
of the report recommendation.
RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended that the city Council hold a public hearing on
the preliminary drafts of the Source Reduction and Recycling
Element and the Household Hazardous Waste Element, hear any public
comments, and close the public hearing.
Prepared by:
stan Scholl, Director of General Services
Craig Perkins, Environmental Programs Manager
Tom Dever, Solid Waste superintendent
Brian Johnson, Environmental Programs Coordinator
Jon Root, Waste Reduction Coordinator
Richard Gonzalez, Sr. Administrative Analyst
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