SR-8-D (51)
FD.RBB.CLC.pub manager! mac disk
City Council Mtg . October 17, 1995
Santa MOnlca,C~tf~~ 1995
TO
Mayor and City Council
80
~
FROM
City Staff
..
SUBJECT Ordinance for Introduction and first reading modlfymg eXIsting automatic
spnnkler requirements to require all new construction In the City of Santa
MOnica Install an automatic fire protection system
INTRODUCTION
This report recommends that the City Council mtroduce for first reading the attached
ordinance which modifies the current spnnkler requirements to require bUilders of all
new construction In the City of Santa MOnica to Install an automatic fire protection
system Specifically, the proposed ordinance would apply to small multi-family and
Single family resIdential structures as well as all commercial structures where there IS
a change In use to a higher clasSIfication
BACKGROUND
The Santa MOnica MUnicipal Code (which Includes the Uniform Fire and Building
Codes) currently recognize the benefits of a fire spnnkler system by requiring most
new commercial construction, major remodel projects and changes In use to a higher
classification to be protected by an approved, automatic fire spnnkler system under
any of the follOWing conditions'
1 Any bUilding more than 15,000 square feet In total floor area
2 Any bUilding more than 30 feet In height
3 Any bUilding more than 3 stones
1
80
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OCT 1 7 1995
4 Any bUilding more than 5,000 square feet In floor area, used primarily as a
place of public assembly
5. Any bUilding where any portion of the exterior wall IS not accessible with 150.
feet of hose connected to a fire engine located on the major street side of
bUilding
Under these current provISions, most new construction IS protected by automatIc fire
spnnkler systems
The current BUilding and Fire Codes recogmze that the Installation of an automatic hre
sprinkler system IS one proven method for slgmflcantly redUCing life and property loss
from fire Fire sprinkler systems save lives and minimiZe property damage because
They automatically detect and operate only In the area of fire ongln,
preventing fires from growing undetected to a dangerous size while
Simultaneously sounding the alarm and alerting the fire department
They keep fires small and prevent rapid bUild-up of heat leading to
flashover With Intense heat, smoke and hot gases which are capable of
qUickly trapping, injuring or killing bUilding occupants and responding
hre department personnel
They Immediately reduce the danger of asphyxiation, burns and carbon
monoxide pOIsoning, by controlling or ellmlnatmg flames and smoke
thereby savmg lives of persons who may be phYSically unable to escape
Without assistance.
They protect eXits and prOVide a means of escape for bUilding occupants
2
An automatic fire spnnkler system discharges a water spray In the event of a fire
When the fire occurs within a protected room or space, the heat bUild-up activates
each spnnkler head Individually at a predetermined temperature (normally 135
degrees In residential and 165 degrees In commercial or Industnal bUildIngs) When
the heat grows more Intense, additional sprinkler heads activate, only In the area of
the fire ThiS prevents "flashover" and the bUild-up of heat. smoke and tOXIC gases
A single sprinkler discharges 12-18 gallons per minute directly onto an InCipient fire.
Ninety-one percent (91 %) of home fires are controlled by a single spnnkler head and
eight percent (8%) are controlled by the discharge of two heads, usmg 90% less water
than fIre hose streams.
Fire spnnklers have proven their effectiveness In bUSinesses and commercial
bUildings for over one hundred years Their use In commercial occupancies of certain
types has been mandated by code and encouraged by Insurance companies for many
years These systems were origInally recognized for their economiC value, I e savings
In Insurance premiums, up to 20 %, as well as redUCing property loss, bUSiness
Inventory loss, loss In tax revenue, and unemployment when fires occur
Occasionally, the reliability and chance of aCCidental discharge or leakage of a
spnnkler IS questioned Fire spnnklers have been used for more than 100 years and
the loss records of Factory Mutual Research. a testing lab, state that the chance of a
spnnkler head failing causing an aCCIdental discharge or leakage IS one In every 16
mIllion (1 In 16,000,000) manufactured
3
DISCUSSION
Dunng the penod from 1990 to 1994 the City of Santa MOnica expenenced 541 fires, 3
fire-related deaths and $75 million In property loss Santa MOnica, dunng the same
penod, expenenced 81 resIdential fires In Single family homes and duplexes whIch
resulted In $1,800,000 In property loss These losses do not Include the indirect costs
of burn InJunes, medical expenses, loss of personal employment, loss to the
community In tax revenue, or the loss of chenshed and pnceless family possessions
Indirect losses increase the costs due to loss by fire by a factor of 2 to 5
The proposed fire sprmkler ordinance WIll reqUIre that all new bUIldIngs constructed
after the adoption of this ordinance be protected by an approved automatic fire
spnnkler system As mentIoned earlier, this Will primarily Involve new residential
construction, as spnnkler requirements are already In place for most new commercial
construction All bUildings that change their occupancy claSsIfication Will also be
required to Install the same protectIon regardless of height, square footage or other
tnggers contamed In the eXlstmg requirements An example Includes a general reta,1
store which changes to a restaurant
The proposed ordinance does not affect propertIes damaged by earthquake or
properties that are bemg reconstructed for other reasons They are governed by our
City's Ordinance 1748. adopted In June 1994 which deals With properties being
renovated. If a building damaged by earthquake were repaIred a determmatlon would
be made by the BUilding and Safety DIVISIon as to the applicability of the current
MUniCipal Code They would determine If the bUilding requires spnnklers based on
4
whether 50% or more of the bUilding was to be reconstructed
In order to determme the number of new construction projects that would be subject to
these new requirements staff conducted survey of the bUilding permits Issued for new
construction In Santa MOnica Staff found that dunng the past 3 years, approximately
25-30 new single family homes, duplexes and tnplexes were constructed each year
A residential fire spnnkler ordinance would Impact both housing and fire protection
costs. The initial installation cost WhiCh, on average IS $ 80 to $1 50 a sq. ft, represents
less than 1 % of the total purchase pnce of a home Insurance companies have quoted
rate savings from 10% to 20% dependmg on other life safety equipment Installed In
the home, Ie alarm systems
As of August, 1993, 82 fire junsdlctlons In California had adopted ordinances
requlnng automatic fire spnnkler systems. A survey was taken from Cities within the
State of California and specifically the County of Los Angeles The follOWing chart
compares the requirements of SIX Cities
City
ReqUirements
Beverly Hills
Burbank
Redondo Beach
All new construction
All new construction
except B-2 < 1500sf
All new construction
All new construction
except B-2 < 1 OOOsf
All new construction
over 10,000 sf
All new construction
except 8-2 < 1000sf
Culver City
Glendale
Pasadena
5
B-2 Includes occupancies such as retail stores, offices, police and fire stations,
dnnklng and dining establishments less than 50 occupants.
Pnor to prepanng the proposed ordinance, the Fire Department presented the
recommendations to the BUlldmg and Safety Commission and Planmng Commission
As originally presented to both Commissions the ordinance would have applied to
structures undergoing significant remodeling Both Commissions expressed concern
over this proVIsion due to feasibility of retrofitting eXlstmg bUildings and the cost of
such an installation m relationship to the benefit Smce It IS necessary to remove
portions of the wall and ceiling covenng (dry wall or plaster) for the installation, thiS
would Increase costs As a result of the diSCUSSIon, the proposed ordinance no longer
applies to remodeling projects
Another Issue raised by both CommisSions concerned the applicability of the
ordinance to earthquake repair projects and to projects reqUired to be seismically
retrofitted In the case of earthquake repair permits where the cost of the repair equals
or exceeds 50% of the replacement value of the structure, the structure IS reqUired to
comply With all current techmcal codes which would Include the proposed ordinance
With respect to projects reqUIred to be seismically retrofitted, the ordinance would not
apply
As a result, the reVISions made to the proposed ordinance since the Planning and
BUilding and Safety CommiSSions reViewed the document, the BUilding and Safety
CommiSSion supports the proposed ordmance The reVISions address the concerns
6
raised by the Planning Commission
These modifications to the requirements for automatic sprrnkler systems are necessary
because of local climatic geological and topographical condItions As outlined In the
proposed ordmance there are vanous areas In Santa MOnica which are hilly, contain
structures that are In close proximity to one another. have very little vacant property
and Include narrow streets Each of these conditions contnbute to a Situation that may
cause demand for emergency fire servIces that far exceed available resources of the
Santa MOnica Fire Department Moreover, these conditions should be mitigated by
the use of automatIc fIre sprinkler systems to lower the risk of large scale structure
fires
With the adoption of thiS ordinance, the BUilding and Safety DIVIsion as well as the
Fire Department Will make available educational matenals for the public regarding the
installation of spnnklers An informational program Will be prepared for viewing by
citizens on City TV ThiS program Will answer the questions which occupants of a
spnnklered bUilding may have Such questions as, Do sprrnklers go off aCCidentally?
How reliable are they? and How do they work? WIll be addressed
BUDGET/FINANCIAL IMPACT
There IS no Significant budget/fmanclal Impact to the City relative to adoption of thIS
ordinance
7
RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that the City Council mtroduce the attached ordInance for first
readmg which modifies eXisting automatic spnnkler regulation to require all new
construction In the City of Santa Monica to mstall an automatic fire sprinkler system
Prepared by Richard B. Bndges, Fire Chief
Craig L Collier, Assistant Chief
8
f:\atty\muni\laws\mtt\fire
city council Meeting 10-17-95
Santa Monica, California
(CCS)
ORDINANCE NUMBER
(city council series)
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE
CITY OF SANTA MONICA AMENDING SANTA MONICA MUNICIPAL
CODE SECTION 8.04.120 RELATING TO SUPPLEMENTAL
FIRE SAFETY AND PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS
WHEREAS, the City Council has discussed and considered in
detail certain seismic and fire safety problems caused by the
cumulative impact of development and construction activity and the
continued use of certain buildings which are seismically hazardous
and potential fire hazards; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds that the modification and
additions to the Uniform Administrative Code (1991 Edition) are
required for climatic, topographical and geological conditions; and
WHEREAS, the City council finds that the city of Santa Monica
is subject to seismic activity due to its close proximity to, among
others, the Santa Monica-Malibu Coast fault, Newport-Inglewood
fault and the San Andreas fault; and
WHEREAS, the city Council finds that following the January 17,
1994 earthquake, the need for emergency fire services in the City
of Santa Monica greatly exceeded the available resources of the
Santa Monica Fire Department and there remains the significant
1
possibility that multiple fires following a future earthquake will
exceed the available resources of the Fire Department if built-in
fire suppression systems are not required; and
WHEREAS, the city Council finds that the damaging effects of
local seismic activity on streets, roadways and overpasses at the
Santa Monica freeway will hamper and delay emergency vehicle
response; and
WHEREAS, the city of Santa Monica'S climate, which is
primarily influenced by the Pacific Ocean, is characterized by
infrequent rainfall and winds which come from west during the
daytime and from the north and northeast during the nighttime
hours, with intermittent Santa Ana winds occurring from September
to March, all of which creates the potential for high velocity
winds with high temperatures, which are conducive to uncontrolled
wind driven fires; and
WHEREAS, the structures in the Ci ty of Santa Monica are
situated in close proximity to each other, with only about 1% of
the 8.3 square miles that the City occupies vacant; and
WHEREAS, the city Council finds that the close proximity of
structures to each other, many of which are on narrow lots or on
hilly terrain, limits access to side yards for fire suppression and
placement of ladders for rescue operations, increasing the threat
2
to life and property, especially if built-in fire suppression
systems are not required. The size and placement of the lots also
contributes to the ability of fires to spread quickly between
buildings, because of their proxmity to each other; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds that many of the structures in
the city of Santa Monica are older structures which are prone to
the quick spread of fire from adjacent structures. In the event of
an earthquake or other major disaster, the Fire Department will be
forced to depend on built-in fire suppression systems in new
buildings, or buildings whose occupancy has changed, to extinguish
or limit fires in those structures so that they do not spread to
the older structures; and
WHEREAS, the city Council finds that the areas of hilly
terrain, narrow streets and congested parking will increase
response time of the Fire Department and a built-in fire
suppression system will increase the time available to the Fire
Department to respond to the fire; and
WHEREAS, the city Council finds that these climatic,
topographical and geological conditions result in demands on
emergency services that need to be significantly reduced; and
WHEREAS, the City council finds that the proposed amendments
3
to the Uniform Administrative Code (1991 Edition) requiring the
installation of automatic fire sprinkler systems in all new
construction or existing buildings for which there is a change in
either its occupancy and hazardous division classification will
reduce the threat of fires spread as a result of an earthquake or
wind driven fire and will assist in maintaining the community'S
building inventory within present emergency services capabilities.
NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA
DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1.
Section 8.04.120 of the Santa Monica Municipal
Code lS amended to read as follows:
8.04.120 UAC
section
206(a)
added--
Supplemental
Fire
safety
and
Prevention Requirements.
Section
206(a)
of
the
Uniform
Administrative Code, 1991 Edition, relating to
Supplemental Fire Safety and Prevention
Requirements, is added to read as follows:
Division 1.00. Purpose. The purpose of
this Division is to promote public safety and
welfare by reducing the cumulative impact of
certain individual construction and building
proj ects each with
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:. 1 1(,. ~ r ..J .:0 em potential demand on the rescue and
4
fire suppression resources of the community.
The City council establishes the policy of
regulating both new and existing buildings in
this class by requiring approved automatic
fire extinguishing and detection systems,
standpipes, fire resistive doors, and other
construction
to
be
provided
in
these
structures at the time of their construction,
conversion, alteration, and maintenance so as
to significantly reduce their potential demand
from simultaneous incidents on emergency
services resources.
Division 2.00. Scope. The provisions of
this Division shall apply to all proposed and
existing buildings wi thin the ci ty~~ eft
~~pt.::.~=:::.- 25, 1.~ e::.. . structures for which a
building permit has been issued prior to
:J'... ;,'t r l' I . C Cr -, L.~~t~::z~~ 25, l~ e 1, shall be
considered as existing buildings.
Division
3.00.
Requirements
for
Automatic Fire Extinguishing and Protection
Systems.
3.01. 1.1) 'l/.)twithstanding any provision to
the contrary, ",.,. pr,:')p~'\r-"': h'l ..~: 11; rlo.l:' 1 r:~
".', ( '.:I.F"""~~) el.l: ~~lrIC,ll(;n .~)1.1' ~.(~ :l~()'JI~](-.J
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system.
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3.02.
Notwithstanding any provision to
the contrary, buildings or structures housing
any occupancy classification having floors
used for human occupancy more than 55 feet
above the lowest level of Fire Department
vehicle access shall comply with the high-rise
building requirements contained in section
1807 of the Uniform Building Code, 1991
Edition, and Section 2-1807 of Title 24 of the
California Administrative Code.
3.03.
Notwithstanding any provision to
the contrary, buildings or structures as
determined by the Fire Chief to be used
primarily for public assembly,
including
drinking, dining, entertainment, exhibition,
display, or similar concentrated uses, more
than 5,000 square feet in total square
footage, shall be provided with an approved
full automatic fire sprinkler system.
3.04.
Notwithstanding any provision to
the contrary, in buildings or structures four
or more stories 1n height all stairways
serving the top floor shall extend to the roof
surface.
3.05.
On or before June 1, 1982, every
8
existing building or structure, excepting
existing residential buildings or structures,
with floors more than 30 feet above the lowest
level of Fire Department vehicle access shall
be provided with:
(a) An approved automatic fire alarm
system unless the building is provided with an
approved full automatic fire sprinkler system.
(b) Tight-fitting smoke and draft
control, 20-minute rated (or equivalent) door
assemblies on all doors opening into exit
corridors or stairways. Such doors shall be
equipped with an approved self or automatic
closer in accordance with Section 4306 of the
Uniform Building Code, .', 0"J. :loDeS Edition.
(c) A sign indicating the number of each
floor posted in the stairwells and every
elevator lobby area. Type, size, color, and
specific location of each sign shall be as
required by the Fire Chief.
(d) Automatic unlocking mechanisms for
all stairway doors, including those required
to open onto the roof, which are locked from
the stairway side. The mechanisms shall have
the capability of being unlocked
simultaneously without unlocking upon
9
activation of an approved fire detection alarm
system, electric power failure, and
electromechanically using one switch located
as required by the Fire Chief.
(e) Approved emergency lighting systems
for all exitways, stairways, corridors, and
other integral portions of means of egress for
safe evacuation of the building.
3.06. On or before January 1, 1983,
every existing building or structure,
excepting existing residential buildings or
structures, with floors more than 55 feet
above the lowest level of Fire Department
vehicle access shall be provided with:
(a) An approved partial automatic fire
spr inkIer system and an approved automatic
fire detection alarm system, unless the
building contains an approved full automatic
fire sprinkler system.
(b) Automatic shutoff for heating,
ventilating and cooling systems as set forth
in Section 1009 of the Uniform Mechanical
Code, 1991 Edition, with an added smoke
detector for automatic shutdown as required by
the National Fire Protection Association
standard 90A, 1989 Edition, and manual
10
switching as required by the Fire Chief.
3.07. On or before January 1, 1983,
every existing building or structure as
determined by the Fire Chief to be used
primarily for public assembly, including
drinking, dining, entertainment, exhibition,
display, or similar concentrated uses, more
than 5,000 square feet in total square
footage, shall be provided with an approved
automatic fire sprinkler system that protects
the assembly areas and exitways and an
approved automatic fire detection alarm system
for other rooms and areas. This subdivision
shall not apply to buildings or structures
with an approved full automatic fire sprinkler
system or to churches and theaters with fixed
seating.
3.08. For purposes of this Division, a
full automatic fire sprinkler system is a
system that meets the requirements of the Fire
Code adopted by Section 8.04.060 of the Santa
Monica Municipal Code. Notwi thstanding any
provision to the contrary / a full automatic
fire sprinkler system installed in any new
building with floors more than 55 feet in
height shall, unless determined by the Fire
11
Chief to be infeasible, shall have two
connections with control valves to independent
risers on each floor level, with each riser
being of the size necessary to deliver the
required water supply.
3.09. For purposes of this Division, a
partial automatic fire sprinkler system is a
system that provides for protection of all
exi tways, both vertical and horizontal,
including maj or aisleways leading to exits.
Protection shall be provided for any room or
area that opens directly into the exitway by
locating one sprinkler opposite the center of
and inside any such room or area. Partial
systems shall meet the requirements of the
National Fire Protection Association standard
13 and the Fire Chief.
3.10. For purposes of this Division, an
automatic fire detection alarm system is a
system that complies with the Santa Monica
Fire Department requirements and is an
approved arrangement of smoke, rate-of-rise,
fixed temperature, or any other detector which
is approved for the use intended. The system
shall alert all occupants of a building in
case of fire and, when required by the Fire
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Chief, notify the Fire Department through
Central Station Supervision.
3.11. For purposes of this Division, an
existing building is a building for which a
building permit has been issued by the
Building Officer. The requirements of 3.01,
3.02, 3.03, and 3.04 shall not apply to
existing buildings.
3.12. The requirements of 3.01, 3.02,
3.05, and 3.06 shall not apply to:
(a) Hospitals as defined in Health and
Safety Code Section 1250.
(b) Buildings used exclusively as open
parking garages.
(c) Buildings such as power plants,
lookout towers, steeples, grain houses, and
similar structures with noncontinuous human
occupancy only when so determined by the Fire
Chief.
(d) Buildings owned by any public agency
or school district.
3.13. Prior to installation of any
automatic fire extinguishing or protection
system required by this Division, the Fire
Chief shall approve the plans and
specifications for the system.
13
Division 4.00.
standards for Auto.atic
Fire Extinguishinq systems.
(a) General.
Systems shall conform to
Uniform Building Code standards No. 381 and to
supplemental requirements of the Fire Chief.
(b) Alarms. Systems shall be supervised
by an approved central receiving service.
Exception. Systems containing less than 100
heads
may be
provided with
a
--------= -.....---...,..
J:"....-,t"...........'l,4.......,......,J
1 :.~E~ri(~~;!!y or local alarm.
. - .
(c) Annunc ia t ion
and
Control.
Extinguishing systems shall include control
valves and signaling devices to control and
indicate system operation by floors or other
approved subdi visions. An annunciator panel
shall be provided in an approved location near
the principal entrance.
(d) Fire Depart.ent connections and
syste. Zones. Systems shall be provided with
Fire
Department
connections
at
approved
locations on public street frontages. Multiple
exterior connections and system zones shall be
interconnected.
(e) Approval, Acceptance, Testing. The
design,
plans,
materials,
installation,
acceptance, and periodic tests of components
14
and systems required by this Division shall be
approved by the Chief and conform to current
standards of the Fire Code.
Division 5.00. Requirements for
standpipe systems. Class II standpipes shall
be provided in buildings three stories in
height in accordance with the Building Code.
Alternate protection to this provision may be
approved by the Fire Chief.
Division 6.00. Attic Draft stop
Requirements. All nonresidential attic and
ceiling spaces formed of combustible
construction shall be divided into horizontal
areas of 1000 square feet by draft partitions
conforming to the Building Code. Exception. In
buildings provided with automatic
extinguishing systems, the horizontal area may
be increased to 3000 square feet.
Division 7.00. Requirements for Existing
Residential structures.
7.01. On or before January 1, 1982, every
dwelling unit and every guest room in a hotel,
apartment house, or lodging house used for
sleeping purposes shall be provided with
approved smoke detectors located as required
by Section 1210 of the Uniform Building Code,
15
1991 Edition. The Fire Chief shall make
available to the public an informational
brochure on those smoke detectors approved by
the Fire Chief and the proper manner of
installation.
7.02. On or before January 1, 1983, every
building or structure used as a hotel,
apartment house, or lodging house with floors
more than 30 feet above the lowest level of
Fire Department vehicle access shall be
provided with:
(a) The fire protection system required
for nonresidential buildings contained in 3.05
of Division 3.00 of Section 206 (a) of the
Uniform Administrative Code, 1991 Edition.
(b) Emergency and evacuation procedures
approved by the Fire Chief posted in each
sleeping room.
7.03. On or before June 1, 1983, every
building or structure used as a hotel,
apartment house, or lodging house with floors
more than 55 feet above the lowest level of
Fire Department vehicle access shall meet the
requirements for nonresidential buildings
contained in 3.06(b) of Division 3.00 of
Section 206{a) of the Uniform Administrative
16
Code, 1991 Edition. On or before June 30,
1986, every building or structure used as a
hotel, apartment house or lodging house with
floors more than 55 feet above the lowest
level of Fire Department vehicle access shall
meet the requirements for nonresidential
buildings contained in 3.06 (a) of Division
3.00 of Section 206(a) of the Uniform
Administrative Code, 1991 Edition.
7.04. The provisions of subdivisions
7.02 and 7.03 shall not apply to any property
for which the mortgage is insured or held by
the United States Department of Housing and
Urban Development until such time as the city
Council determines such provisions are
applicable after exploring and seeking all
available federal and state assistance to
finance the requirements of these provisions.
The exception contained in this paragraph 7.04
will expire on December 31, 1993, and any
property previously exempt shall be in full
compliance with the provisions of 7.02 and
7.03 no later than December 31, 1993.
7.05. Notwithstanding the provisions of
7.03, the time period to install the required
automatic fire sprinkler system for any
17
residential building which contains asbestos
in ceiling materials or other areas impacted
by fire sprinkler installation, shall be
extended to July 1, 1987. This time period may
be further extended by resolution of the city
Council.
Division 8.00. Requirements for Buildings
Over 75 Feet. The compartmentation or safe
areas of refuge alternative shall not be
permitted as an alternative to automatic fire
sprinklers for buildings within the scope of
section 1807 of the Uniform Building Code,
1991 Edition.
Division 9.00. Untreated Wood Roofing.
The use of untreated wood shingles or
untreated wood shakes for new or replacement
roofing is prohibited.
SECTION 2. Any provision of the Santa Monica Municipal Code
or appendices thereto inconsistent with the provisions of this
Ordinance, to the extent of such inconsistencies and no further,
are hereby repealed or modified to that extent necessary to affect
the provisions of this Ordinance.
SECTION 3. If any section, subsection, sentence, clause, or
phrase of this Ordinance is for any reason held to be invalid or
18
unconsti tutional by a decision of any court of any competent
jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the
remaining portions of this Ordinance. The ci ty Council hereby
declares that it would have passed this Ordinance, and each and
every section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase not declared
invalid or unconstitutional without regard to whether any portion
of the ordinance would be subsequently declared invalid or
unconstitutional.
SECTION 4. The Mayor shall sign and the City Clerk shall
attest to the passage of this Ordinance. The city Clerk shall cause
the same to be published once in the official newspaper within 15
days after its adoption. This ordinance shall become effective
after 30 days from its adoption.
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
~~
S MOUTRIE
ey
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