SR-5-ECCS Admin BJS ccsadminlsharelstaffrepldg
Counc~l Meeting December 16, 1 997
TO Mayor and City Council
FROM City Staff
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Sar+ta Monica, California
SUBJ~CT Recommendation ta Revrew a Report on City 4ff-Leash ~og Areas and
Additional Enforcernent Needs Citywide and to Direct Staff to Construct
Recommended Design ~eatures at Joslyn and Pac~fic Street Parks and
Init~ate Recommended Changes ta Off-~eash Area Operations,
Enforcement and Maintenance
INTRODUCTION
This report transmits a Report on Cjty ~ff-Leash Dog Areas that was requested by the
Ci#y Counc~l ~n Jufy 1997 and presents mformation aE~out addttional enforcerr~ent needs
city-wide as requested by City Council in November 1997 The repart also presents
recommendations regarding changes to t~e design, operations and maintenance of
existing off-leash areas to address problems identified during the study process
BACKGROUND
As noted in the attached repart {see Attachment A), the C~ty Cauncil approved m
concept the proposed Parks and Recreation Master Plan ir~ July of 1997 The Mastar
Plan ir~cluded a number of directions regarding the sitjng anc~ op~rat~on of flff-leash dog
areas v~r~thin the City~s ~ark system. These included.
- Constructing a 1 5 acre off-leash dog area on A~rport Non-A~iation land,
- Relocating Pacific Street Park aff-leash area to the future Airport Park,
- Reexamining uses at Jflslyn Park in a master pian ta occur in Phase I of the
proposed Parks and Recreation Master Plan, ~A~ ~~~~~$
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- Siting of any new off-leash areas in non-residential areas,
- Establishing regulations governing existing and new off-leash areas that are
sensitive to the needs af ad~acent neighborhoads ~ncluding hours of operation
and number of dogs allowed,
- Develop~ng inna~ative sofutions to turf wear and tear, and
- Consrdermg ongaing on-srte rr~onrtoring and enforcement of regulations, funded
in part by user fees
In addition, the City Council requested that City staff continue its analysis of potential
sites for aff-leash dog areas and asked ~hat a written report be pravEded that
systematically assesses all site opportunities As a result, the attached report was
developed after site ~isfts, research and meetings with City staff, representatives of
Santa Monica DDG and neighbors of the two current off-leash areas at Pacific Street
and Joslyn Parks
The attached report on off-leash dog areas ~ncludes the following sections
Santa Monica`s Experience to Date
Off-Leash Dog Areas in Other Jurisdictior~s
design, Maintenance and Operatians Issues and Recommendations
Siting of Off-Leash Areas m Santa Monica
A draft of the repart was made a~ailable to the public on November 14, 1997 and
public input was received by the Recreat~on and Parks Commission on No~ember 20,
1997 This meet~ng was noticed to o~er 3,5D0 residents on the City's Dpen
Space/Parks mailing list, mcluding all neighbors w~thin a 30~ foat radius of current off-
leash areas The Recreation and Qarks Commiss~on rev~ewed the study, considered
public comment and unanimously confirmed its previous recommendations made
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during the review process for the Parks and Recreation Master Plan and Open Space
Element as follows:
"Any new park activities should be sensitive to ad~acencies to all users, to the
maximum extent feasible, and balanced to pro~ide opt~mal use to the greatest
number of people "(Open Space ElementJ
"~ff-leash dog areas should be located ~n non-residential areas "(Parks and
Recreat~on Master Plan1
The Cammission also requested that a summary of public input be passed on to the
City Council Members of the public ir~cluded dag owners and users a# the current off-
feash areas as well as neighbors ad~acent to these areas Ne~ghborhood issues focused
on noise, ador, and deteriorat~ng park conditrons User issues pointed to the benefits
of the off-leash areas including the pos~tive aspects af social interaction of dogs and
their awners_ Public comment was cansistent with the information provided in greater
detail in the attached study
In NoWember of ~ 997, the City Council requested that City staff assess the
appropriate level af enforcement needed to address violations by dogs and dag owners
citywicfe This staff report also pra~ides this information as requested
DIS~U$SIpN
Off-Lea$h Areas
The attac~ed report focuses an two main areas the design, maintenance and
opera~ions of off-leash areas and the siting of off-~eash areas After re~iew af the
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recommendations in the report, staff recomrr~ends that se~eral changes to operations,
maintenance and des~gn of the off-leash areas be rriade Information regarding the
criteria for siting of off-leash areas and an analysis of al[ potential sites is also
presented in the report, providrng addrtional informatian ~f Co~ncil chooses to make
changes to the locations prev~ously approved in the Parks and Recreation Master Plan
Design, Maintenance and Operation
ThE pr~mary conditians at off-leash dog areas that affect nearby res~dents include
no~se generated by dags and their owners, odar, unattractive park conditions, and
noncompl~ance with regulatians go~erning the use of these areas A number of
recammendations are included in the study to addrESS these issues (sea pages 13-14
of the repart) City staff recommends that the following actions be taken to mitigate
problems identified ~n the study
Recommended Desian Features
- install air lock (double] gates at Joslyn Park located as tar from residences as
possible
- Install plastic bag dispensers for both new and recycled bags
- Install faucets with stainless steel bowls
- Locate benches and tables away from the perimeter to discourage cangregating
cfose to ad~acent residences
- Use landscaping to screen worn t~rf areas
Recomme~ded Chanaes to Oqeration and Maintenance Practices
- Lack af#-leash areas when not in operation
- Impro~e mamtenar~ce mclud~ng ~ncreased hosing and possible use of non-toxic
appraaches to reducing odors
- Provide ca~ered trash cans with ~rt~plements for pickmg up feces that do not
damage turf
- Locate non-metal trash cans away from perimeter
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- Expenment with other grasses and/ar use waod chips to recfuce dust and bare
spots to turf
Recommended Chanaes to Reaulations
- Change current regulatians governing "rules of beha~ior" as noted an page 14
of the attached study
- Restrict #he total number of dogs at Joslyn Park ta 45 at any given time
- Restrict the number o~ dogs per owner/handler to two during peak hours
- Restnct t1~e use of off-leash areas to the approved hours of operation,
preventing use at ather times the park is open
- Assess the viability of a user fee for off-leash areas, requ~nng praof of all
standard vaccines required 6y kennels (to be dor~e in the context of the FY
'f 998-99 City Budget~
Recomrnended Chanaes to Enforcement
- Implement a three-month pilot program at Josfyn Park which would provide on-
site staff~ng by Animal Control Officers during peak-use periods (7 to 9 a m and
5 to 9 p m. da~ly~ An assessmEnt of effecti~eness and needed ongoing
resources would occur during FY 1998-99 City Budget process
- Continue the use of City staff to monitor off-leash areas at irregular mtervals
dunng o~her times
Siting af Off-leash Areas
The study reviews off-leash dogs areas ~n other cities, de~elops cnteria for the siting
af off~leash areas in Santa Manica and systematically applies these criter~a to all park
and other suggested open space areas in the City The study concludes that:
- Off-ieash dog areas should ideally be sited at least 150 feet frorr~ residences to
mitigate problems of noise and odor. Given limited public lands available in
Santa Mon~ca, a reduced setback af 80 feet -nrould a~proximate the distance af
other acti~e recreational park uses, such as soccer and softball, ~n some of the
City's parks (e g„ Marme, Los Amigos, Stewart Parks)
- Applying the desired siting criteria of 150 foot residential setback, four
potential one-acre si~es at existing or planned parks are iden#~fied (Claver Park,
Virgmfa Avenue Park, the planned Airport Park, the planned Ci~ic Center park}
5
and some beach areas Application af a reduced 80 foat setback adds two
additional sites (Hotchkiss and Joslyn Parks)
- Four potential 0.25 to 0.5-acre s~tes are identified {Hotchkrss, Joslyn, anc!
Memarial Parks, the planned Airport Park, the area west o~ Clover Park) and
several beach sites Application of the reduced setback criteria adds Goose Egg
Park
- The use of the beach during the off-season Es also discussed
The repart descrEbes each site and presents other considerations regard~ng each site's
viability as an off-leash area.
Cit~-wide Enforcement
In addition to off-leash dog areas, the City allows dogs on-leash in City parks and on
City streets City regufations go~ern the behavior af dogs and their awners ~n these
public places and on private property as weil Resident camplaEnts about non-
compliance wrth these regulafians are handled by the Police Department's Animal
Regulation Section Recently the City Council requested a re~~ew of staffing le~els to
ascertain what addit~onal resources wfluld be needed to increase enforcement ~n this
area
The An~mal Regulation Section is currently staffed with 5 An~mal Control ~fficers, a
supervisar, and a new Staff Assistant position The public office hours are from 8 00
a m to 5 00 p.m , se~en days a week An~mal Contro! Officers prov~de coverage from
630arn to630pm.,7daysaweek
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A comprehensive city-wide animal control enforcement program would pro~~de Animal
Cantrol Officer (ACO) correrage from 6 30 a m to 10 30 p m daily, relieving police
officers of n~ghttime enforcement after 6:30 p m which they currently pro~ide as
staffing permrts The program wo~ld enforce regulations pertammg to adherence to
the leash law, can#ra[ of barking, agressive canine beha~ior and clean up of feces It
would also include an extens~on of #he three-mor~th pilot off-leash peak F~our program,
assuming the pilot pro~ect is effective An addit~onal six FTE AC4 positions would be
required, plus 1 6 FTE ACO overtime hours to pro~ide flexi6le fill-in for holiday,
vacation, sick lea~e, and court appearance tEme Extended Animal Shelter hours
wauld also be required, staffed either by a part- or full-tFi-n~ Staff Assistant I.
BUDGETARY/FINANCIAL iMPACT
The recommet~ded pilot peak-hour program at Joslyn Park for a three month period
would require an additional $13,034 far addrtional overtime for existmg ACO`s An
appropriation frorn tf~e Generai Fund is recommended in that amount at account
number 01-300-302-00000-1 149-00000
To institute a comprehensi~e animal control enforcement program, the annuaf cost
wo~ld be approximately ~390,0~~, includ~ng the addttional ACO positions, required
overtime, and extended Animal Shelter co~erage Na appropriat~ons are requesteci at
this time and these needs w~ll be considered in the context of the FY 1998-99 budget
process
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The recommended design Gmpro~ements to existing off-leash areas would be
incorporated into the existing Parks Facil~ty Maintenance Pro~ect, currently approved
in the City's Capital lmpro~ement Program Budget Currently, $1,4~7,485 is available
in account number D1-740-48~-20097-8900-99421 Any additional funds heeded
to support the reccomended off-leash area ir-~provements woulcf be recommended
when the construct~on contract for the larger pro~ect cames to the C~ty Council for
approval
RECOMMENDATIONS
City staff recommends that the City Cauncil (1? review the attaci~ed study, and {2)
direct staff to begEn implementation of the recommendations included in this staff
report, ~ncludmg an appropriatior~ of ~~ 3,934 for the pilot a#f-leash mflnrtoring program
at Joslyn Park
Preparec~ by Barbara Stinchfield, Director
Department of Community and Cultural 5ervaces
Chief James T Butts, Jr
Police Department
Attac}~ment
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Atta~~ment A
OFF-LEASH DOG AREAS
A Report to the
City of Santa Mo~isa
Depart~ttent of Communlty and Calturai Services
Prepared by
Patr~c~a Sm~th, ASLA, AICP
Noveer~ber, ! 947
1NTRODUCTION
The purpose nf thas report ~s to systemati~ally evaluate opportun~r~es for ofF-leash dog areas in the C~ry of 5anta
Mornca and to identEfy design features and operation, mamtenance. and regulatory measures ta reduce potenual
confl~cts and to maEce the use of aff-leash areas an en~oyable experience for all Toward that end, the report d~s-
cusses
1. Santa Monlca's Experie~ce to ~ate
~ A bnef chronology of 5anta Monica's efforts to accornmodate the needs of dogs and their owners in City parks
~ 5anta Mon~ca's open space planning context and approach to actommodating dogs
~ City stafF's exper~ence managmg ra off-feash areas
~ Cancerns of existing aff-leash area neighbors
~ ObservatEOns at existing Santa Mornta off-leash areas
Z. O#f-Leash Dog Areas En Other Jurisdictions
~ Identificataon of other ~urisdicuons wrtfi ofF-leash dog areas
~ Charactenstics af off-leash areas in other ~urisdictions
3. Design, Maintenance and Ope~attans
^ Design features
0 Regulations
0 Operation and maintenance
^ Fees and fines
4. Siting of Off-Leash Areas fn 5anta Monica
~ Spol-over effects on surrounding residenu and their implications for srcing
7 Qesirable characteristics of af{-leash areas ta mmimize conflicts and maximEZe usabilrty
~ Cnteria for s~ting off-leash areas in Santa Monica
~ A comparative summary of pote~ual sites relati~e to she cnter~a
O~~eash dog Areas
1. SANTA MONICA'S EXPERI~NCE TQ DATE
Brief [hronolagy
1985 Dog owners re~uesL o~fi-leash dog areas
A 22' x 250' (5,500 square-foot) dog run is installed at Memorial Park
Dec 1991 Ciry Council direca staff to i~entify additivnal sites None are rdentified
Fall l992 Dog owners request renewed effort to identify additional sites
July 1993 Gty Councd establishes 6-month uia! period permittang I) dogs on-leash ~n parks {except play-
graunds, tot lots, playing fields, game courts, or the beach west of the Promer~ade) and 2) aff-leash
areas at Joslyn and Marine Parks 6-9 a m and 6-10 p m
Jan 1994 The 6-month trial period beg~ns
July 1994 7'ria! per~od is termed "a qual~fied success " Staff recommends maintam~ng the aff-leash area at Joslyn
Park with permanent fencmg and benches, finding an alcernative to the Marme Park site, add~ng a
third off-ieash area, so that Lurf can be maintained on a rotating basis w~th at least two areas open at
any time, rewsmg hours to 7 or 7 30 -9 a m and 5-I 0 p m, additional educauanal efforts and e~-
forcemenc of regulations The foilow~ng were e~aluated as possible alcernate or addit~onal sites the
southwest corner of Stewart 5treet Park, Park Street Park an $roadway, Pacifit Street Park, the Ex-
position railroad ngF~t-of-way and the Sanra Monica State $each
Ciry Counal directs sraff and the Recreation and Parks Cornmission to rdentafy alternau~e or addi-
tional sites throughout the Gty, includmg non-park areas, so that the Marine Park off-leash area can
be phased ou~.
Aug I 994- 5taff and the Retreat~on and Parks CommissEOn attempt ta find aro alternauve site at Marine Park ,
No~ 1945 and at the same time evaluaLes alternati~e sites to Marine Park Seven pocential sites are identrfied
and presented to members of the cammuniry The potential srtes are
I Barnard Way Linear Park- IS' x 130' (2,7b0 square-foot) run across from Ocean View Park
2 Cfover Park - 70' x 6dbva3 ~2,5d0 square feet) near 25~` Street
3 Clover Park ad~a~ent- west of the park and south of the Fire Sration
4 Nort~ Pal~sades Park - a I 20' x 35' (4,2U0 square-foot) area west of a exESting bfock wall
5 Exposition Rail right-of-way (awned by the LA County MTA) between Clover and 26°' Street
6 Stewart 5treet Park - an 80' x60' (4,840 square-foot} site west of the tot lot
7 Virginia Avenue Park - a I OU' x 40' {4,Q00 square-foot) site at the souEhwest corner of the park
8 Northwest corner of Airport - a I 5-acre s~te
Apr 1995 C~ty Council extends off-leash area hours to 7 30- I a a m and 5-8 30 p m on weekdays and B 30-~ I
a m-5-8 30 p m on weekends
Dec ! 995 City Council makes f oslyn Park off-leas#~ area (200' x 240' or 4B,00~ square feet} permanent and Pa-
cifit Park aff-ieash area (87' x I I T or 10,179 square feet) temporary untd a permanent site can be
identified and extends aff-keash araa hours to 7 3U a rrE -8 30 p m on weekdays and 8 30 a m-$ 30
p m an weekends
Jan 1996 In the Parks, Recreairon Qnd Open Space Needs Assessment Survey (a telephone survey of a cross-
settion of Sanca Monica's population conducted by MIG) "off-leash dog area" was the th~rd most fre-
quently identified "recreational facilfty of whrch more are needed"
Of~Leash DogAreas
Mar 1997 The drak ~arks ond Re~reavon Masier Pl~n presented to the Parks and Recreatian and Planning Com-
m~ssions recommends relocatmg the Pacific Street Park aff-leash area to the future Airport Park and
re-examining uses at Joslyn Park Both the Recreation and Parks and Pkanntng Commissians retom-
mend thac the fofEowmg pol~cy be included in the Open Space Elernent "any new parfc actrvities should
be sensiEi~e to ad~acencies to all uses, to the maxrmum extent feasible, and balanced to pr~v~de opn-
mal use to the greatest num6er of people " Staff recommends the following policy "In determining
public uses for new and existmg parks and open spaces, considQr the ~mpatt of thase uses on ad~-
cent neighbors and compatibihry w~th other park uses "
In addition, the Recreanon and Parks Commission recommer~ds that the Parks nnd Recreairon Master
Plan include a strategy that "off-leash dog areas should be focated in non-residential areas"
June - The draft Parks and Recreatron Master Plao presented to Ciry Caunal recommends reta~ning Joslyn
July 1997 Park as an off-leash dog area, miuating a master plan of Joslyn Park to determine lang-term irnpro~e-
menu and uses for the park, and retaining the Pacific Street park off-leash area on an interirn 6asas
until the proposed off-feash area at the Airport rs avadable In addition, staff recammends additional
language acknowledging the corr~munity benefit of appropnateky sited off-leash dag areas and sets
farth provisions to deal with neighborhood impacu including (I) any ~ew off-leash areas established
6y the Ciry be s~ted in non-residential areas, {2) regulations governing existEng and new off-leash ar-
eas be sens~t~ve to the needs of adtacent neighborhaads including the hours of o~eration a»d the
number of dogs allowed, (3) innovatroe solutions to turf wear and tear be developed, and (4) ongoEng
on-sEte monrcoring of and enforcement of reguEations ~n off-leash areas be provided, funded in parc by
user fees
At Ciry Counal hearing on the Parks and Recreat~on Master Plan, Santa Monica DOG and dog owners
spoke in support joslyn and Pacific Park off-leash areas, while a number of neighbors spoke in oppog-
tion to them In add~tion, petitions were submitted in oppos~tion Park an~ in favor of ti~e aff-leash
dog areas
City Council appraves in concept the O~en 5pace Element and Parks end Recreat~on Master P1an wEth
the st~pulaLion that the location of o#F leash areas m the Cicy be determined by Coanal based upon a
plan whjch cakes into account need, neighborhood compatibil~ty, open space configuration, and other
appropriate conditions
City Coun~d ado~ts in concept The Non~4hatron Land Use 5tudy's recommendauons, ~ntluding a I 4
acre off-ieash dog area
Santa Monica's Open Space Planning Cantext and Appraach to Accomrnodat~ng DQgs
Open space is a lim+ted resource in Santa Monica The recently completed Qpen 5pace Element and Parks and Rec-
reatron Master Pfdn take a comprehensr~e approach to providing open space and recreanon ~n Santa Monita, recog-
naing that other parts of the c~ry than parks are used far recreat~onal activities and as open space In addition, ~t
recognizes that aaiv~ties in 5anta Moncia's lim~ted open space should be balanced to provide optimal use to the
greatest number of users
The telephone survey conducted as part of that plannmg process asked respondents if more recreational facilities
are needed Fifty-one {5 I%} of the respondents Endicated that Santa Mon~ca needs more facfhties o{ a particukar
type The followmg percentages of those respondenu identified the followmg speufic facilities
I Bicycle paths 26%
2 Swimming paols 23%
3. Off-leash dog areas I 3%
4 Children's ~lay areas 12%
5 Jogging paths 1 I%
O{f-Leash Dog Areas
Over the past few years and as parc of che open s~ace planrnng protess, dogs and their owners have been recog-
nfzed as a iegrtimate group of ~pen space users The City's ogen spa~e pianning process recognizes chat che~r
needs, like those of other user groups, should be accommodated, to the extenc possible grven Irmited resources
Santa Monita's approach to meeting the needs of dogs and dag owners is to
7 Permit dogs on-leash in most locations throughoui the C~ty, excapt playgrounds, tot lors, playing fields, game
courts, ~eacf~ areas west of the Promenade and where proh~bited by the Counry Health Depar-cment Ac-
cording tio many dog trainers and behav~or~sts, exercise, tra~nmg and socialization an-leash are as impartant as
rhat rn off-leash areas, so rc is rmportant to permrc dogs ~n on-leash public spaces
~ Prowde ofF leash areas, as feasible gnen limited open space resources and potent~al spol-o~er effects on s~r-
rounding land uses, to provade opporcuniaes for off-leash exercise, trainmg and soc~alization of dogs and for
soaal interaction among owners Balance this use with other park uses to opt~mize use of al! parks by ~e
greatest n~mher nf people
^ Require responsible behavror by dog owners in therr use of p~bhc faalitres, including adherence to the ieash
law, concrol o{ barking, aggression, dom~nance and other unacceptabie behavior by the~r dogs, and ~lean up o{
feces
~ In s~tsng futu~e of4-4eash dog areas and aperaang aN ofE-leash areas, be senstt+ve ta ad}acent las-d uses
Staff's Experience Managing the City~s Off-Leash Dag Areas
The follaw~ng highltght stafi's expenence regardmg concerns ra~sed dunng the ~ourse of thss study
~ At Joslyn Park, 6Q citations were issued in 199b and 47 m the first three quarters of 1947 The pr~mary vio~-
tions for wh~ch atatrons were ~ssued are
• Dogs off-leash in the off-leash area when it is closed This violation is most c~mmon on weekends before
8 30 a m fn a~diuon, ~iotaaons ocwr at Josfyn Park when rc is c~osed for maintenance from 9 a m. to 1 1
a m Taesdays and Thursdays
• Unheensed dags
• Non-resident dags
~ An ovvner can be c~ted if a dog barks for 5 minutes durEng a one hour period. Camp3iance with this regulataon
is nearly impossibie to monitor and, therefare, no ntations ha~e been issued
~ Use of the Pac~fic Street Park off-IeasF~ dog area has declined it was previously used dunng penods when
Joslyn Park was closed Now that the off-leash area at Joslyn Park ~s open all day, e~ery day, Pacific Street Park
receives less use
~ Police records show no increase ~n a~cident reporrs in the ~umiry of Paafic Park after the off-leash area was
opened Concerns of neighbors regardmg parking violations could not be corroborated because parking tidc-
eu cannot be sor~ed by location, except manually
^ Ciry staff has experirrtented with vanous types of tur# for aai~e recreation areas, including the ofF-ieash area at
Joskyn Park They have found that vaneties af Bermuda grass are the hardiest and rhat e~en the hardiest turf
~annot be maintained in extremely heavdy used area, including the goa! area of a soccer feid and heavily used
of{-leash dag areas
~ Animal Control officers respond regularly to calis regarding vialations, including repeated barking, hours of
operation, off-leash dogs auts~de the a{~-leas~- area
.7 Animal Control ofFicers monitor}oslyn Park for periods during peak use times
4 Of~Leash AogAreas
Concerns ~f Residents Ad~acerrt ta Exisling Off-Leash Dog A~eas
Ne~ghbors of both Joslyn and Paafic Street Parks have expressed toncern about rhe impacu of the of~-leash dog
areas on them Since the aff-leash areas opened Qoslyn in 1994 and Patrfic Street m 1996) neighbors have ec-
pressed their concerns rhrough letcers, e-mails, phone calls, peuuans and at puhiic hearmgs To obrain an up-to-
date understandEng of those cancerns, the coRSUltant and Gry sraff inet rvith neighbars of the rnro parics. Alf res~-
dents withm 300 feet af the two parks were notafied about the meeung Ftfteen neighbors attended the meeUng, of
wFut~ eight were Joslyn Park neighbars and seven ~ac~ic Street Park neighbors or property owners
Pacif c Street Park
Concerned neighbors wha attended the meet~ng were the owner and employees of t~e ad~acent ke~nel. d~e own-
ers of che properry on which the kennel is located, and owners of ~roperry across Main Street from the park.
Their concerns include the fallowmg
~ Noise is generated by both barkmg dogs and yeihng dog owners
~ Dogs are frequent~y off-leash before tf~ey enter the paric Off ieash dags outside the fente rtan over to the
kennei and come into contact with dogs at the kennef The tancern ~s that they may pass diseases to the kei-
neied dogs
~ The park smells bad Uncavered crash tans lead to flies and odors
~ There are ticks and fleas at the park wh~ch ha~e spread to the kennel
~ Appearance of the park has deteriorated enormously The park is mostly mud
~ Cars block zhe dnveways af res~dents and motor vehicle accidenu have increased
~ Residenu were not consuited when Paufic Street Park was converted to an off-leash area
Joslyn Park
Of the erght Joslyn Park neighbors, twa {6ath of whom li~e 250 to 300 feet from the off-leash area) did nat express
cancern about noise, but ane expressed concern abaut the condiuon of tt~e parlc Concerns expressed by the
ocher resider~u, whose homes are between 80 and 130 feet from the off-leash area, include the foliawing
~ Act~~iry in the off-leash area generates noise alf day Saturdays. Sundays and holidays, as weli as weekday mam-
ings and evenings No~se in tfie mor~ings mterrupts sleep for some neighbors, even when they wear ear plugs
The sounds of fighu among dogs and fighu among dog owners are paracularly dsturbmg
For some neighbors. the no~se ~s constant- "kike Chinese water torture " For others it is noL constant and is
a problem only when they are outdoors For the nerghbors, the sounds generated by an off-leash dog area are
d~fferent from the sounds generaced by ather park acnvitres "Ti~e sound o{ chrldren play~ng ~s beautiful, the
sound of dogs growling and barking is noc:' As one neighbor pointed out, there is an ordmance agamst exces-
sive dog barking, there ~s no such ordrnance aga~nst ch~ldren playing
Dogs an surrounding yards bark at dogs in or walking ta the off-leash area
The zopographY artd the proxim~cY af burldings to one anather e~cacerbates rhe sound for some nerghbors, r e,
those in the condommiums and those down h~ll (east) of the park
One neighbor has insralled two wmdow a~r condrcioners and saund-proof drapes to reduce the sound at this
a~ar-~ment which ~s about $0 feet from che entrance to che off-leasfi area
~ Tf~ere is more craffic - mare cars coming and go~ng - and, therefore. more trafFc noise, as a resu~t of t~e off-
leash area
~ Dogs unnate as soon as they enter the park, so the smell rs concencrated near the entrances
Off-Leash Dogpreas
'_7 Dogs are frequentfy ofF-leash before entermg the park, primarily between cars and Lhe gate, and trample the
parkway and front yard landscaping
~ While mosc users clean up afcer che~r dogs, some do not and there will always be some who do not In addi-
tian, feces are difFicult to clean up after dark
~ OfF-leash dog area users do not respect hours or operation, incEuding mamtenance periods {Tuesday and
Thursday mornings)
^ Some dog owners are Ehoughtful and considerate Others are not 7hey do not show respect for ne~ghbors,
are arrogant, rude and incons~derate about controlling their dogs' barking
~ Users repeatedly violate Ciry regulatians ~ncludEng hours of operat~on, excessrve barkirtg and residency
~ There is no enforcement of Ciry regulatROns
7 Dog owners let their dogs drmk out of the p~blic water founrdin by the chddren's play area
~ Professional dog walkers bring up to eRght dogs and do nat clean up aker them
~ The park' appearance has detenorated The turf is d~stressed There is dust from the areas of bare earth
^ There are fleas
^ Fhe park needs to be betcer maintamed and regulations 6etcer enforced
~ Dogs have been abandoned in the park at nigh~
It is clear that the presence of the off-leash dog areas has d~min~shed tF~e quality of IEfe for these neigh6ors
Add~~ianal Observations at San~a Monica's Existing Off-Leash Dog Areas
The followmg observat[ons were ~nade over a one-month penod during wh~ch the consultant spent several hours
at a time at each park at varsous times af day and various days of the week
Joslyn Park
~ A community of dog owners and dogs has developed at Joslyn Park. Many people meet at a certam tRme, so
the~r dags can play and they can talk Many owners en~oy see~ng, visitmg w~th and talkang about dogs they see
regular~y at the parks People tafk wrth one another much more than they woufd at a park with only unstruc-
wred open space
^ The off-leash area is used throughout the day Based on o6servations, the rypECa! "order-of-magnitude" use
pattern is as follows
People Dogs
Weekdays
7 30-9 a m f 4- I 5 I 0- i 5
mid day 5-f0 5-10
~-b p m ~0-23 Z5-3D
6-7 p m 30-35 35-45
Weekends
830-I I am ID-15 I~-15
II a m-4 p m 15-20 20-25
4-8 3d p in 5-15 5- I 5
6 0 fi`-Leash Dog Areas
~ On weekdays, it appears that many users walk to the parlc On weekends, many walk, but there are more cars
Dur~ng observation periods for this study, there were aiways curbside parking spaces avadable on the park side
of the streets
~ Dogs bark intermittently dunng the hours of operation
~ The ma~ority of dogs at the park are big dogs and many are unneutered males Durmg the observat~on periods
for ch~s study, the unneutet'ed males tended to get ~nta fights more than other dogs, although such f~ghts were
~nfrequent Often when dogs were fightmg, the sound of the~r owners' voices yellmg ac them and each other
was louder across the screet from the park than the sound of the dogs barking and growling
~ Groups af big dogs sometimes intimidate smaller dogs, espeually when rJtie smaller dogs are enter~ng the off-
leash area
^ Based on observations, ~40 to 50 appaars to be the max~mum number that can be comfortably accommodated
at one time at the Joslyn Park off-ieash area
~ The ma~oriry af users brmg one dog Quite a few have cwo dogs per person or two people with three dogs
Two peaple w~th one dag ~s aiso common One professionaE dog walker who brings fi~e dogs, usually during
non-peak hours, was observed on several occasions His dogs appear to be extremely well behaved and he
aiways watches them and cleans up after them
~ Most people watch their dogs, tleaning ~p their feces and keeping them out of trouble }-Iowever, a few peo-
ple are readmg or talking and fail ta notice w}~en the dogs reheve themsel~es or are in~ol~ed m unacceptable
beha~ior (aggressian, domina~~e or digg~ng} Usually, d an owner fails to dean up after his dog, other dog
owners will promptly bnng it co his atcention Nonetheless, there are always a few piles an the ground and
sometimes more than a few pdes alang the perimeter of the off-leash area where they go unnot~ced
~ Using square-nosed shovels to clean up feees in damp grass destroys the grass and !or leaves a portion of the
fe~es on the graund Some grass ends up En the crash
~ The smell of dog unne was noted m che ~icinity af the entrance gates and in particular che base of the palm
tree near the north gate
~ The trash cans smell and attract flies, especial4y when the weather is warm and if the Eids on the trash cans do
not fit tightly, which is often the casa
~ If people brmg food into the park, some dogs gather around, beg for, try to steal ~t or get into fights over Et
~ There is one stainless steel water bowl that users fill from che restroom faucet
~ Espec~ally ~n the mornmgs dog owners tend to congregate along the perimeter fence and cheir dogs congregate
near by
Pacific Streei Park
~ The Paafic Park aff-leash area is about 20% the size of the area at Joslyn Park Paafic Park was observed dunng
the same tirne periods as joslyn Park Unlike Joslyn Park, [here were often periods throughout the day during
which the park was empty, especially on weekends and midday on weekdays
Peopfe Dogs
Weekdays
morn~ng 0-3 p-5
midday 0-2 0-4
late afcernoon 2-5 3-7
Weekends
morning 0-2 0-4
m id day 0-2 0-4
late afternoon 0-2 0-4
O f f Leash Dag ,4reas
^ Ambient sound levels are higher at Pacrfic Street Park than at Joslyn Park, largely due to tra~t on Main St and
Neslson Way ln add~tson, dags at the adSacent kennel harkc tnterm~ttentky Dur~ng the ume perEOds v~rhen Pa
cifit Street was observed for this study, there were no barks from the park that increased the ambient sound
~e~efacross Main Street
~ A mix of b~g and smafl dogs use Paafc 5treet Park
~ There are bare patches in the turF. with the largest at the center of the park
~ T~e park fs almost always muddy which suggests a leak in the irrigatEon system andlor poor drainage (the srte is
flat)
~ It ap~ears that users clean ~ap after their dags
~ The trash cans do not ha~e lids
^ Litter (typically food paekaging) can be observed on the ground
8 Q~Leash Dog Areas
2. E][PERlENCE IN OTHER JUR15DlCTIONS
~ff-Leash Dog Areas
OfF-keash dog areas in parks are betoming increasingly popular in the Unated States and throughout the world
They are commonly catfed "dog parks" on the West Coast, "dog runs" in New York and "leasf~-free area" ~n Can-
ada and Australia Berkeley appears to ha~e the first a~cial feneed off-leash dog area in Cahfornia, if ~ot the coui-
try, which has been opened smce 1979 Table I lisu the ofF-leash areas m urban parks identified co date 7he fd-
lowing discussion is based an site visus to 5outhern Californ~a off-leash areas and literature and Internet searches,
e-mails and phone ton~ersanons regarding off-leash areas ~n other locations This list does not rncfude large
"undeveloped" open spate areas, such as the East Bay Regiona! Parks which aliow dog off-ieash jn al! parks or the
Gofden Gate National Recreation Area which permiu dogs of€-leash at several beaches Mosc of the listed ~urisd~c-
tions provide fenced off-leash areas fike those in 5anta Monica A few ha~e taken difFerent approacfi~es 5an ~ran-
crsco allows ~ogs oE~ leash rr~ all parks, proytded the dogs are under varce control ~etaluma allows dogs ofF-leash +n
the early morrnngs (b-9 a m) jn all acy parks and ~n the e~enings (8-10 p m) in about half the parks, with a subscai-
t~al f~ne for ~iolat~on of the o~F-leash hours No other ~urisdittians restrECt use of their off-leash areas to residenu
onfy as Santa MonECa does
Off-Leash Arsa Characteristics
Locatran Most of the off-leash dog areas in Southern Cal~fornia are lacated mcre rhan 304 feet from residences
Some are lacaced ~n large parks and are surraunded by ather park uses, €or ercample, ~ong Beac~ and Casca 1"lesa
Others are located an residential nerghborhoods, but are more than 300 feet away from homes andlor are sepa-
rated by ma~or arcerial The Fiuntington Beach dog park is on the edge of a neighborhood park, with undeveloped
land on one s~de and a setback of about 340 feec on the other sides fn Los Angefes, the Sepulveda Basin o~f leash
dog area Es bounded by the nver channel (south), other park uses (east)> a ma~ar arteriak and commercial ~ses
(west} and a ma~or artenal and single-family homes (north) The setback from singfe-famdy homes is abouc 300
feet
Obse~ved off-leash dog areas closer than 300 feQt to ad~acent res~ciences include S~lver Lake . v~+hich is d~rectly ad~-
cent to West 5ilver Lake Boule~ard (one trafFic and one parkmg lane in each direction I~ke the streecs north and
south of Joslyn Park buc with tonsiderably more traffic} with residences across the street 80 ta I ~0 feet from the
off-leash dog area fence, and a portron af the ofF-leas~ dog beach at Del Mar whrch is located direccly m front of
residences with no setback
In most cases, the off-leash areas are not within walking disrance of higher der~sity housing, and most users drne to
them Therefore, most. but not all, have ad~acent pariung lou 5outhern Caljfornia off-leash areas with curbside
parking oniy include 5dver Lake (which ~s ad~acent to multi-family housing), Laguna Beach Canyon and the beach at
Dek Mar
Number of OfF-Leash Areas Most af the smaller California c~t~es with fenced off-leash dog areas ha~e only one
suth area in the ciry Las Angeles, which currently has three fen~ed off-ieash areas, has as au goal ane {and not
more than one ) per Councd District {each Counc~l Distnct has a population of about 250,4D0)
Size and Dimensions Sizes of off-leash areas ~ary, based on land avadabality ~~ose in Cahfornia range from 0 25
acre (Pacrfic 5treet Park) to 5 acres and typ~cally are I to 3 atres in size Most of t~e off-leash areas are generally
rectangular and some are irregularfy shaped A few are linear
Hours oi Operation Hours of operation ~ary, but generally are all day, simdar xo hours in Santa Monita Same
in New York are open 24-hours a day
E»fnrcement of Regulat~nns. in alk off-leash areas observed for this study, enforcement of regulations is by
peer pressure Users seem qwte conscientio~s a6out the ~lean-up regulations
0 f f teash Dog AreQs
Table 1 Partial List of Off-Leash Areas m Gty ~arks by Jurisdiction
. ~
Sauthern Caf~forn~a .- . .
-~
Claremont 1 I aere
Costa t"lesa 1 I~ acres 7urF wrch wood chi s
Qel Mar - beach 1 2 acres Beach sand
Huntm on Beach ! 2 acres Shredded tree tnmmin s
La una Beath I 2 7 a~res Turf with dirt
La una Ni el I I acre
Lon Beach 1 I+ acres Formerl turf, now d~rt
Los An eles 3+ ~ 8-5 acres TurF with wood chi s or dirt
Povva I
Redondo $each I 2 a~res Turf with dirt
San D~e o- beaches 3 unfented 5and beach
San ~ie o- arks I
Santa Manica 2 0 25-I 5 atres Turf with dirc
l1 land E unfenced
CentrallNorthern Cafifornia
Belmont I 2 acres TurF and woad chi s
Berkele I Turf and dir[
Davis 3
Fostes Ctit 2 I un4enced Turf
Larks ur I 0 3 acre Turf
Lrvermore I 0 5 acre
Mill Valle I 2 acres unFented Turf
IVa a 3 unfenced
Pac~t Grove 1<9 a m}>4 m
Palo Ako 3
Petaluma ail 6- 9 a m 5$-10 m unfentad
Piedmont I
Pleasant Hill
5an Anselmo 1
San Bruno I ~urF "alwa s een°
5an Carlos i Turf, w~ldflawers
San Franc~sca all unfenced ~`urt
San Rafael i unfenced
Santa Clara I f acre TurF, decom osed ranite
5anca Cruz 3< I Q a m 1~4 m unfenced
Santa Rosa 2 0 3 and 0 5 acre TurF and woad chf s
Sausalito I
Sunn ale 1 2 acres TurF and dirt
Woodland afl wrch ermit unfenced
Other U 5
w Y + -3 v
i
W 7
W
Dcher Countries
V v +
+
I I
a an 2-3 0 5- I acre
! 0 0 f f-Leash Dog Areas
Other Elements Common elements at most of#-leash areas include che fallowing
~ A four-faot perimeter chain link fence
~ A parking lot ad~acenc to the off-leash area (so that it is not necessary co cross a street)
^ Posted rules, simi3ar to thos~ at 5anta Monica's parks Other rules of note
No food, either canme or human m off-leash area, smce food encourages begg~ng and fights
Owner or handier musr. 6e mnth dog at all times
~ Subdivision af che area Ento two areas one for big dags and one for small dogs At the 2-acre Wuntingcon
6each Cenual Park off-leash area, about 213s of the area is for big dogs and 113 for smali dogs At the Re-
dondo Beach off-leash area, the sma11 dog area ~s relaxrvely smail At tfi~e Sepulveda Basin park, t3~ere is not ci.r-
rently a sma11 dog area, but, because there have been problems with big dogs intimidating or in~uring small dogs,
a small dog area is planned
^ One or two fau~ets with stain[ess steei bowls or 6u~keu
^ Frequent trash cans w~th covers and se~eral pooper scoopers (nat sho~els} at each can
~ Plastic bag dispensers and reqs~irement that feces be bagged and tied before being deposited in trash can
]"Air lock" or double gates to minimize escapes, fljghts and barking at entry poEnts
~ A restroom facrliry ouuide the off-leash area, typitally near the parkmg area and off-leash area entrance At
Laurel Canyon the restroom in inside the off-leash area, but has daors to prevent dogs from entenng
7 Tab~es and benches
^$hade trees, eEther mature or newfy planted
~ Bulleun board
~ Turf as the intencfed pr~mary surface material In al! So~thern California, a large percentage of the intended
turf area is bare
At Southern Cali{ornia off-leash areas, a tough play field turf mix rs typECally used, but there are always exta~-
srve bare spots, since wear-and-tear is considerably more intense than that on most play fields, especially on
slopes Generally, slopes are barer than level areas In several parks, bare spots have been patched with wood
to reduce dusc and mud At the Laurel Canyon park, which is relatireiy large (3 7 acres), portrons af the off-
leash area are regularly tardoned off for re-seed~ng, so ~t has a better terrf cover thaR most off-leash areas
At the Sepui~eda Basin and Sdver Lake parks, rnuch of the grass ~s dead Ac the Long Beach park rc is entirely
dead, resulting ~n a d~rt surface At the Laguna Beach off-leash area, St AugusLine grass has been used ar~d it
appears that it may be more durable than other grasses The area is relatt~ely large sa use ~s distributed, re-
d~c~ng vvear on any one area
Other surface materials mclude waod chips, pea gravel and decomposed granite At Huntington Beach's C~-
tral Park, which is an a slope a iittle steeper than chat at Joslyn Park, the surFace is a~' thitk layer of shredded
tree trimmings
~ther, ~ess comrrFOn, elements of note rnclude
~ A paved or decomposed granite perimeter patl~ w4th agility areas (like a par course)
~ Penalty box for aggresswe dogs
~ A signed agreement between ti~e local dog organization and the ciry tv prov~de srce stewardship, includmg
regular maintenance, fundraisrng to provide some supplres, ass~scance to Animal Cantrol to provide momtonng,
troubleshooting and education for dog owners
Of~Leash bogAreas
Other ~ehav~ar of note ~nclUdes the fallovvs~g
^ On level sites bcgger t~an E to ~ 5 acres that lack mature shade trees (e g, Sepul~eda Basin and Redondo
Beach), owners and dogs seem to congregate in a relatrvely small area (less than an acre) near the entrance In
areas with shade trees and tables and benches beneath them {e g, Joslyn Park and Long $each) owners, and
therefore, their dogs spread out more
~ Many dogs like tio put their paws in the water bowl whife drinking This behavior is d~scouraged at several
parks since, accord~ng to park users and confirmed in internet literature, it is the primaty means by which da-
ease might be spread among dogs
l~ O~Leash Dag Areas
3. DESIGN~ MAINTENANCE AND OPERATlON
The primary conditaons aL off-leash dog areas that can affecc nearby residents or other fand uses nclude
I Noise from dogs barking, owners yelling and increased traffic
2 Ddar from feces and unne
3 Unattractrve park conditions, rncluding the loss of turf and damage w vegeration
4 Use of the off-leash area when it is closed.
All but the first can 6e mitigated to some extent by desrgn, maintenance and operation practices or by modifying
and enforcmg reguiations
Odor. 7he ador o# feces, eEther in trash cans or on the ground, can be a problem Based on o5servat~ons at
Josiyn Park, whde most dog owners clean up after their dogs, some do not and there are usuaE{y some piles in the
grass, most often around the penmeter of the park Th~s problem can theoretically be solved by respons~l~le be-
hav~or on the part of dog awners and by some changes in clean-up practices, mcluding bagging feces before putting
them in the trash Howe~er, it is likely chat there wiif always 6e some owners who do not clean up after their
dogs, espenally if the park is opened after sunset when it Fs more difFicult to see Ta address this problem, the Ciry
can tharge a user €ee to cover the cost of addit~onal ma+ntenar+ce, ar~dlor more strrctiy enforce the exrst~ng ord+-
r~ance requinng rhat owners dean up aker their dogs Better enforcement w~ll require additional staff to monitor
activicy at off-ieash areas 7he accumulation of urine near the entrances ta off-leash dog areas also causes odor
problems The urme can be diluted with water Biodegradab~e, nan-toxic ador neutralizer could afso be applied on
a regular basis to probiem areas
Turf Mamtenance and Park Appearance. Based on observations of Southern CalEfornia off-leash areas, it
does not appear possible to keep turf green without ckosrng each park for approx~mately one-third of the year far
rastOr'dt~on Once the park is re-opened, the turF will be worn bare withm a few months, espeualk}r on slopes. !t
will be an on-going cost with limited benefit and significant disruption of acn~ity at che park As an alternative to
ciosing an area for several months, Santa Clara Counry is exper~menting with ciosang one of ~ts off-leash areas for
one week each month to perm~t the turf to reeover A less costly alternac~ve that may mitigate the unattractive
v~ew from ad~acent residences and the street ~s to I) plant a hedge ar dense ~ines on tha fentes around the park,
so that the view from the outside is pf green ~egetaaon, and 2) apply a layer of wood chips or shredded tree
trimmmgs to bare areas to keep the dust down
V~olateons of regulations with respect w hours of operation, non-residency, no license, dogs off-leash outside
the off-leash area, barkmg and failure to clean up feces can be better controlled through educational efForts by Santa
Monica DOG andlor user gro~ps and through stritter enforcement by the Ciry The latter would re~uire add-
tional staff time which may be financed, in part, by user fees
Recommended Des~gn Feafiures
~ Install air (ock (double) gaees located as far from residences as possible, to reduce harking at the gates
~ Install plastic bag dispensers (bath new and recycled bags}
~ lnscail a faucet with an attached stainless stee~ howl or bucket (to d~scourage c~ogs from putung their paws in rc)
orrer a drain
~.7 Provide restrooms either outs~de the fenced off-leash area or, if ins~de, with self-dos~ng doors
^ Locate benches and tabkes away from tha perimeter of the of€-leash area to encourage users not to congregate
at the perimeter where they are close to adfacent residences
~ Pro~ide disabled accass where feasible at exisnng off-leash areas and all new off-leash areas
~ Pfant vines on the fence around per~meter of park so thac the view from surroundcng homes rs of vegetation
Of~Leash DogAreas l3
Recoenmended Regula~ians
~ Reqwre off-leash area users to o6tam user tag for their dogs, which can be made avadable at the trrr~e t~ey ob-
tain their license Requrre proof of all srandard vaccines required by kennels ~n order to abtain the user tag
^ Permit no food, human or canine, in the ofF leash area
7~equire that leashes rema~n an untii dogs are m the air lock and remove feashes in the aEr lock when both
doors are closed, so already off-leash dogs w~ll be less I~kely to baric at the newly arri~ed dogs
~ Require that feces be bagged, tied or sealed, and then put in the trash can Encourage people to clean ~p with
bags only (not pooper scoapers or shovels) to reduce damage to grass
~ Observations do not indicate that a restriction an the numi~er of dogs per person is necessary Howe~er, if it
is dec~ded that such a restricuon should be imposed, rc could be imposed only durmg peak hours
~ Limit the total number o{ dogs at any one time, dependmg on the capaciry of the indEVidual park $ased on
observatians for thES study, that hmit wouid be about 45 for Joslyn Park
^ lnst~tute additional rules that address basic dog and dog owner etiquette and healnc ~onsideranons ~ncludmg
• 5top your dog from any aggressrve or daminant behavior
• Keep your dog from putting iu paws in the water and replace the water if ~t does
• ff yaur bring a ball or toy for your dog, share it with other dags
It may be appropriate for any off-leash dog area with residences closer Lhan I 50 feet to have addrcionai restnctions
to minimize impacts on neighbors, mcludmg the fo!low~ng
~ !f your dog is a regular barker, control its barkmg by vo~ce comrnands or using an anti-bark or training collar,
or do noL br~ng it to an ofF-leash area ~n residential neighborf~ood
7 Do nat congregate at the per~meter o4 the park
^ Do not raise your voice above a norrnal conversauon level
Recommended Operation and Maintenance Pract~ces
~ Lock the off-leash area when it is closed, currentfy from 8 3Q p m untd 7 3U a m on weekdays, 8 30 p m unsil
8 30 a m 5aturday, Sundays and holidays, and Tuesday and Thursday morn~ngs for ma~ntenance_
~ Regularly hose off areas where urine accumulates, including the entry areas and the base of the palm sree near
rhe north gate at Joslyn Park, and apply biodegradable, non-taxic odar neutralizer
^ Experiment with the applrcation af nematodes and other non-tox~t approaches to f~ea and tick managemen~
~ Provide covered trash cans wich pooper scoopers (noc shoveEs) and a plastic bag dispenser and/or a box of
recyded pfastic bags
~ Locate trash cans nat on rhe perimetar of the park (ciosest to resEdents), but nearer to the center Consrder
non-metal trash cans to reduce the sound generated by remov~ng and replaang the lid
~ Experiment with other grasses, including St Augustine grass, to see if it will withstan~ the wear and tear
~ Cover bare eanh areas wEth wood chips or shredded sree trimming (2-4 mc~es deep) to keep down the dust
~ At Joslyn Park pamt the wall (excluding the mural) and the fence
Recommended ~ees, F~nes and Enforrer~ent
~ Charge a user fee, comparable to that charged for other park faciEitEes as descri6ed above
~ Fine dog awners who fad to dean up feces or control 6arking
^ Provide Ciry staff to mon~tor the park during peak-use penods, pnmarily in the afcernoon/early evening
^ Prov~de Gty staff to monrtor the park at irregular intervals durmg otk~er times
f4 Of~leasf~ DogAreas
4. S~T1NG OF OFF-~EASH AREAS IN SANTA MON~CA
This analysis of potential sites for off-leash dog areas
I IdenLifies key "ad~acency" factors to cansEder m siting off-leash dog areas and corresponding desirable setbacks
from residenLial and commerc~al land uses
2 Identi~ies other des~rable characteristics of off-leash dog areas to optimize theEr usefulness and reduce conflicts
3 5uggesrs basic cr~teria for siting off-~eash areas in Santa MonECa
4 Applies those criteria to a€I existing parks, previously ~dentified sites, and other potential s~tes
5 Identifies an alternati~e setback criterion that reflecu the setbacks of existing actrve recreauonal park areas ~n
Santa MonECa
6 Appl~es that aiternatrve cnter~on to the same sites
Key Adjacency Factors and Desirable Setbacks
Noise can ~e effecti~ely mitigated only by provid~ng a separaLion between the ofF-leash area and other land uses
The other concerns, including odor and unattractwe ~~ews, can also be miagated by the same separation
The quest~an rs how much separatron ~s rreed~~ A commor+-sense approach would be to focate o{f leash areas
far enaugh from homes that barking is percerved as a background sound As a basis for defining a minimum ds-
tance, sound levels were measured kn the neighborhoods surrounding Josfyn Park, Pacific Park, Los Amigos Park and
Marine Park at several different times of day on several different days of the week The results, summar~zed in
Appendix A, suggest that, in generai, the average and single-event sound levels generated by park act~vELies, including
off-leash dog areas and play fields, attenuate to wathin the range af the background outdoor sound fevel about 150
feet fram off-1Qash dQg areas and slightly farther away from play field In most commer~ial areas, the outdvor
sound level of a dog 6arking would attenuate ta the background kevel ac a distance of 75 feet If the wall of a can-
rnercial buildEng that faces the off-leash area ~s blank, no setback would be required
Where possibie, a streeL with traffit vo{urnes that wdl screen the sound of barking dogs can further reduce the
sounds from an off-leash area in addition, walls or berms can reduce the so~nd of barkmg dogs
Other Desirable Character~stics of O#-Leash Dog Areas
Based an literature review, observauons at Santa Monica's off-leash areas and experience in othar ~urrsdictions, the
following are desirahie characterisucs for off-leash areas
Number of Off-Leash Areas
The number of off-leash areas En a~urisdiction w~ll be a function of demand, availa6ie resources, and compet~tion
with other user groups for Lhose resources As noted above, mosL small aties have only one o{f-leash dog area
There are 5.5~4 litensed dogs in Sanra Monica For illustratrve purposes, if each licensed dag is owned by between
one and I 88 persons {the average size of a Santa Monica household), then licensed dags represent becween 5,500
and 10,3340 residenrs or between 6 b% and 12 5% af the Ciry's total populat~on Currently all park iand, except
playgrounds, coc lots, pfay fields and game courts, is open to on-keash dogs In addit~on, I 3 acres or I% of the mc-
isung I I 3 acres of park land (extludEng beaches) are oca~pied by off-leash areas
The following factors suggest that there Es likely a demand for more off-leash dog areas in Santa Momca
~ The level of use of the joslyr+ ~ark off-leash area, whrch reaches tapaaty during peak use perrods,
~ The open space planning survey which showed a demand for addit:onal off-leash dog areas. and
~ The num6er of households with dogs throughout the city and, in particular, m muiti-farndy neEghba-hoods
Dff-Leash DogAreas 15
Size and Cpnfiguratipn
Based on observations at off-leash areas and cnter~a used by other ~ur~sdictrons, the following represent desirable
srzes for off-leash areas
Citywide off-leash areas for big dogs Mmrmum I acre (20U' x20Q'}, 2-3 acres preferred
Citywide ofF leash areas for small dogs Mmimum 0 25 acre { 104' x I UO'), 0 5 acre preferred
While linear areas are provided m some ~urisdictions (primanly New York} whera no ather space ts a~aila6Ee, they
are not desrra6[e spa~es for off-leash areas For dogs to play and owners w soaahze the space needs to be more
rectangular wrch shade trees and benches Linear areas are desirable for walking, ~oggmg ar runnrng with a dog.
which can be done on leash along shared pachs
it is prefera~ie to locate the areas for big ~ogs and small dogs ad~acent to one anpther, so that owners of smal]
dags can chaose which area to use given the m~x of dogs at chac trme Typically, if there are nat too many big dogs
and if they are nat grouped in a pack that may follow and rntimEdate small dogs, the small dogs can play coget~er
with 6igger dogs At times, however, the big dogs may be tao aggressive and the sma11 dag owner can opt for the
small area
l.ocation Citywide
If possibie, the distnbution of off-leash areas should correspond to the distnbuuon of dog owners liv~ng ~n multi-
famdy dweElrngs w~thout yards A survey of dog licenses by zip code shows that dog ownership is distr~bated fairly
evenly throughout the resident~al areas of the city, with the percenuge of dog licenses carresponding tlosefy to the
percentage af land area in each zip code Neighborhoods where dag ownership corresponds to multi-family ho~a-
ing are Ocean Park, Pico, M~d-City and WishirelMontana
Compatil~ility wlth Other Park Uses
O~f-leash dog areas should be s~ted in areas of parks that are not heavily used far other recreational actrvities, so as
to reduce the potential for confl~ct
Gi~en Santa Monica's lim~ted resources and need for acuve and passive open space areas, off-leash areas should not
occupy sites chat would displace other prioricy uses
ParKing
5ufficient parking, preferably off-street or less desirably curbs~de, shauld be provided to a~commodate users Psc-
pected to arnve by tar A parkmg lot tf~at does not req~ire park users to cross a street ~s desrrable The amount
of parking wdl depend on the park's location A park in a multi-famdy neighborhood, like Joslyn Park, needs fewer
spaces since many users v~+alk, whde a park in a singie-fam~ly neighborhood ar non-residential area, [Fke the Airport,
r~eeds more spaces
ADA ACtess
OfF leash dog areas m new locations must be access~ble and those m existing parks should be made accessible if
feasible
Basic [riter~a for Siting Off-leash Dog Areas in Santa Mon~ca
Based on the abo~e research, the key factors to be considered in sitmg an off-leash dog area m Santa Monica are
distante from ad~acent land uses, relationship to other recreational uses if in a par[c, size, availabiliry of park~ng and
accessib~hry Of~-leash areas shauld
~ Be far enaugh away fram a residential or commerc~al land use that the single-e~ent sound af a dog hark wouid
generally be perceived as a background sound or would be screened by traffc noise to achieve this ob~ettive
I 6 0 f f Leash Dog Areas
the off-leash area should be I) at least 150 feet from residences and separated by a screet or non-residentjal
scructures ar walls and 2) at least 75 #eet from cammerual uses lf tl~e walf of the commerciaf budding that
faces the off-leash area ~s wmdowless, then no setback ~s needed
Tn achEe~e the same sound attenuat~on for other park uses, this same setback would be reqwred for play fields
whith generate sound levels sEmilar to those generated by off-leash areas
~ Be at least 300 feet from the water line {generally east of the Promenade} at che beach to minEmize compen-
tion with use of the beathes by resEdenu of che Los Angeles region
^ Not dispiace another organized recreaLional use or priority unstructured park area
~ Be large enough to accommodaLe an area for big dogs (! acre), an area for small dogs (0 25 acre), or both
~ Have ad~acent parking, prefera6ly off-street
~ Be access~bfe to disab~ed users
Alternative Reduced Setback Criteria Based an Existing Park Use Charatterist~cs
If the basic setback criteria of 150 from residential and 7S feet from tommertial land uses were applied to pkay
fields, the exiscing play fields at $tewart Street Park and Los Amigos Park would be elimin~ted and the play fiaid
area at Marine Park woufd 6e down-sized
Grven the implications of the basic setback cr~teria for existing pfay fields, Et may be a~propriate to use the same
secback for off-leash area as is currantly pro~ided for play fieids 7hat d~stance is a6aut 80 feet
Potent~al Sites
Existjng parks, 6eaches, other suggested lotations and other locations were evaluated with respect ta both the ba-
sic criteria and the alternatave residentia! set6ack crEterian for an off-leash area Figure k(4 pages) and Figure 2(5
pages} map locat~ons at the CEry's existing parks and beathes that meet the basic criteria Figure 3 shows ather
suggested locations that meet the cnteria The shaded areas are those that are meet the basu setback cnteria
The hatched areas are those that da not interfere with another organized recreational use or heavily used unstrix-
ture~ park area, are eEther one acre ar Q 25 acre m size, and have ad~acent park~ng Table 2 liscs a{I the sites that
were evaluaced, whecher or not they meet the basic crjtena or reduced setback cr~cerion, s~xe and other relevant
comments
Appiicat~on of the has~c siting criter~a resuiLS in four potential or~e-acre sites at exisUng or planned parks {Virgin~a
Park, Cfover Fark, the pianned Airport Park off-feash dag area and the pianned C~vic Center CiviclCufturaf Park}
and several beach sites Application of the reduced setback cr~ter~a adds two one-acre sites Qoslyn Park and
Hotchkiss Parkj
Applicat~on of the bastc cntena also resulu in four potenual 0 25 to 0 5-acre sices at ex~stmg or pkanned parks
(~oslyn Park, Hot~hkiss Park, Memorial Par~C, and the pfanned Airpart Park), the area ~ves[ of C~over Park currenEly
occup~ed by the airport maintenancelpolice building, and se~erai heach sites Applicauon of the reduced setback
cnteria ad~s Goose Egg Park
Other potentia! sites include land acqwsiuon in a non-residential area of the aty and use of the beach during the
off-season The sites are descri6ed below in greater detail
0 f~~eash Dag Areos I 7
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r' ~' ' '; Figure I page f
SitesThat Meet Desirable Criteria:
~ 8 Parks South of the Freeway and East of 20th Street
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Douglas Park
Figure I page 2
SitesTF~at Meet Desirable Criteria:
Parks North of #he Freeway and East of 20th 5treet
' ( ~xi5ti~lq
` ~ ~ City ~ar~
Arpa tha~ r~~ets
se~back cr~teria
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19
~ ~~ ~xisting
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Area t~at me~Cs
5etback criteria
150 frcri hc::s~~a
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Figure I page 3
SitesThat Meet Oesirable Criteria:
In[and Parks South of the Freeway and West of ZOth Street
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Figure I page 4
SitesThat Meet lDesirable Criteria.
Iniand Parks North of the Freeway and West of 20th Street
21
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~etback c~iwna ~~ 1 ~ _ ~~ _-~ ~.~ ,-.
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_ - . YOKT4NA AVE 6TAR! ~ -- __ _
' ~~_Y._.__~~~__~_~ - _-'- - _- _ _ ' ' 11~j~NMGt~OMI1DAii03TAR!
-~_ __ -t- ~ - -_- - - - _ _- - _-- _- - _-_- _ __ - _ __ -- __- _
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- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Figure 2 page I
2z ~ - SitesThat Meet Desirable Criteria:
Beaches and Adjacent Parks -Adelaicie Dr. to Washington Av.
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Figure 2 page 2
Sites That Meet Desirable Criteria:
Beaches and AdJacent Parks. Washington Av. to Broadway
- - - _ .___V---
23
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Figure 2 page 4
SitesThat Meet DeSirable Criteria:
Beaches and Adjacent Parks. Pacific Terrace to Ocean Park Blvd.
---v_
0,.=300
25
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Figure 2 page 5
SitesThat Meet Desirable C~ter~~:
. P rks - Ocean Park Blvd. to N ~ .
Beaches and Adjacent a
26
~` 150' SP~back
from hou5ing
v
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Figure 3
SitesThat Meet Desirable Criteria:
Suggested Sites
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27
Northwest Corner of Airporx
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Joslyq park
80' Setback Grrte~af~onal5ites 7~,ar
ased an ~cist~n 1'~Ieet the Al~eCn~tive
g Play fiiQld Setbacks
Table 2 Summary of 5ite Evalr~ation
Nate sites that meet criteria are descri6ed on the following pages
Existin Parks ..
.
~
Vi rnia Avenue +~ / ! acre
Clorer / ~ ! acre
Stewart Street Area that meets setback eriteria is occu ied 6 la field
Park Dnve Too small, insufficient setback
Douglas 0 5-acre area that rrreeu setback crrter+a ~s plarrned {or
la area ex ansion and water feature rer~ovation
Ashland Too smaEl, insuffiuent setback
PaCifit 5treet Insuffiaent setback
Houhkiss /
I acre
Ozone Too small, ~nsuffiaent setback
!`"lanne Area that meets secback [ntena is occu ied b la field
Los Ami os Area thac meets setback cntena is occu ~ed 6 la field
Joslyn / 0 25 a~re
! acre
Goose E / 4 25 acre
Lin~oln Area that meets setback critena is occupied by tennrs
coures, bu+ldin and la round
Memorial / / 0 25 acre Larger areas of Memorial Park that meet setback cntena
are occu ied b cennis courts, buildin s and la fields
Pahsades WhEle much of the park meet the setback critena, has
parlung and cauld a~tommadate a 0 25 to 4 5-acre site, it
has ust 6een redesi ned for ather uses
Planned Parks
Air ort / / f 4 acres
C~vic Center / / I acre
Beaches
Norch of the Pier / / 1 Z5} acres Several otencial sices idenafied - see ma s and text
South of the Pier / / I 25~+ acres Several otent~al sites ident~fied - see ma s and text
Suggested S-tea
Nqrthwest corner of
A~rport 0 25-0 5 acre area that meess secback [nter~a has views
of ad~acent back yards (prrva~y concern), has no ad~acent
parkang, is at the top of a 35% slope from 23" 5c or 39%
slape from che alley and, therefore, is not ADA accessi-
61e, and is under the ai ort fli ht ath safe contem
Wesc of Clover Park Site was suggested dunng 1494-95 evaluation, use would
be contingenc on rekocanon of exisc~ng maintenancel
ohce facdi
Olympic Blvd median 32-foot wide landscaped median is used by nearby ~n-
ployees at lunch time Fenting would create a Imear space
which is not desirable for an off-leash area
New srte rn nan-
residentia! area
'~
'~
O f f Leash Dag A reas 24
One-Acre Sites
The eastern edge of the pianned Airpart Park is proposed as the Cicy's premier dog park, with two-thirds of
the hdiy I 4-acre area for big ~ogs and one-third for small dogs The site is not usable far play fields or court
sporu Beca~se ~c ~s more isolatad from residences chat other locations, dogs can play and even bark without con-
cern for disrupting neiginbors An agiViry tourse cau3d be provided and tlasses couid 6e offered The primary d~sai-
~ancage of this locat~on rs iu inaccessibdiry to multi-family ne~ghborhoods most users wiN have to drrve to tE~e park
Use of the southwest corner of Virginia Park as an off-leash dag area should be addressed m the context of its
master plan It is an isolated po~'t~on of the park, not large enough far a play field and currently not heavdy used
Use of the portion of Clover Park shown rn ~igure I would requ~re redesign and investment for fennng and
other changes It would displate existmg unstructured retreat~onal uses Use of a portian of the planned
GviclCultural Park m the Civic CenEer Spec~fic Plan would require modiiicatfons to that conteptual plan a~d wouid
not occur until the plan is 3~plemented somet~me in the future
There are several one-acre ar larger sites aiang the beath that meet ail the basic criteria for an ofF-ieash area
includ~ng sites En the followrng locations
Narth o f the Prer
^ Near the Montana and Washmgtonfldaho stairs (Figure 2, page I) t~at woufd prov-de direct ~edestnan ac~ess
to the multi-family neighborhpods besween Montana Avenue and Wilshire 8oulevard
^ Near Wdshire with access ~ia the Arizona stairs (~igure 2, page 2),
~ Near the Santa Monica-Braadway stairs {Figure 2, page 2), and
~ The ~eauwlle srte which could be used during the non-beach season when the Cirque du Soleif is not occup/-
ing it (Figure 2, page 3)
South o f the Pier
~ Between Crescent Bay Park and Beach Park 4(Figure 2, page 4}, and
^ Near South Beach Park (Figure 2, page 5)
To be usable as an off-ieash dog area, any of these locations would ha~e to be converted into a park space much
like Beach Park 4 or Crescent Bay Park and fenced Several sites are iocated west of the existmg bicycEe path The
b~cycle path ~ould be moved wesc of che off-leash dog area to mir~imize crossings of the path 6y people wich dogs
All srtes are ad~acent to exESting public parking lou They could not be restricted to only 5anu Monica residents
O{ the possibfe beach locations north and south of the pier, a site north of the pier ap~ears ta have greater poten-
t~al because it would ser~e the r~or~hern portion of the tity A si~e south of the pier is fess des~rable because the
southern half of the ary could be served by se~eral other sites, mcluding the Airport Park site, and because the
area south of the pier is already intensively used and is less a61e to absorb an additional fatiliry than rhe nqrth side
Contmued use of the eastern half of Joslyn Park Es an option if the same criteria that are currencly appEied co
other parlc uses, like play fields, are applied to off-leash dog areas However, as documented m 5ection I of thfs
repart, the off-leash dog area at Joslyn Park clearly reduces the quai~ty af life for some neighbors It is tloser to
resEdences than is desrrabie and is closer than off-leash areas ~n most other ~ur~sdictions The off-leash area at
Jaslyn Park is on a slope, musz be fenced due to the grade change and, thus, is alternatrvely usabEe as unstructured
open spate Two blocks away, Hotchkiss Park provides more attractwe unstructured open space with better views
(toward the ocean, rather than Lmcoln Boule~rard, and not obstructed by a fence) Also two blocks away, Los Am-
gos Park provides playing fieids
Alternatrvely, a portian of Hotchkiss Park could be converced co an off-feash dog area However, it wauld re-
quire redesign and investment for fencing It has only curbside parkmg parallel to the street Because it has a sim-
lar but less desira6le relationship to ad~acent residenu (rt is not separated by a street on one side) as Joslyn Park, at
would have the same ad~acency considerations
30 Off Zeash Dog Areas
Finally, an off-leash area in a non-residential area of the city could be pro~ided thraugh acquisition of land, most
likely in the Olympic Corridor A site big enough ta accommodate a one-acre off-leash area w~th 30 or so parking
spates in the Olympic Corridar would cost $5 3 to $8 mAlior~
O.~S to 0.3 Acre Sites
The following parks contain 0 25 to 0 5-acre sites that meet the hasic cr~teria for ofF-leash dog areas AI1 sites
wouEd require new fencmg
~ The 4 4-acre site at che planned Airport Park off-keash area ~escribed abo~e
~ A 0$-acre area at the center of Joslyn Park Th~s site has some perpendicular pariung along its eastern edge
and demonstrated use 6y neighbors who waik rather than dnve to the park
~ A 0 S-acre area at the center of Hotchkiss Park Th~s s~te has curbside parkmg only
~ A 0 25-acre site between the parking lot and ball fields at Memorial Park
~ The area west of Claver Park currently octupEed ~y the airport ma~r~cenan~e/police budding
~ Beach sites ad~acent ta the one-atre sites des~ribed above
~ Acguisitian of a new site, which, wich a 10-space parkmg lot, would cast $ l 4 to $2 I milion
With the reduced setback, Goose ~gg Park (Q 25 acre) would qualify as weEE
Use af an Unfenced Beach Area During the Off-Season
Another approach to beach use is chat emplayed by the Ciry of Del Mar along a segment of its beach, which is open
to off-ieash dogs from September I 6 to May I 6, so as not to compete w~t~ summer beach use As a exper~ment,
dogs could be permitted an a small sLretch of Santa Mon~ca beach from Octo6er f through May I~n the early
mornmg, provided that the Ciry of Los Angeles provided a similar off-leash beach area durang the sarr~e tame period
Because an off-leash beach area could not be restricted to Santa Monica res~dents and because there are no other
off-feash beaches in the Los Angeles area, an off-leash beach in Santa Monica would be expectad to experience high
volumes of users If there were nearby off-leash i~each area m Los Angeles open dunng the same t~me penods,
demand could be shared by the rwo areas Beach use could contmue as long as all owners clean up after cheir dogs
at all times and cause no disruptions to other users
Use of the beach was re~ecr.ed pre~iously because of the following concerns dog waste would be difficult to dean
up and would interFere witf~ typ~cal beach uses; there is no shade, it would compete wich hearry summer use by
res~dents of the entEre Los Angeles area, it could not be restricted to Santa Monica res~dents only, and, as the only
off-leasf~ beach in tF~e reg~on, would be too heavtly used Add~t~onaE concerns are the polfution potential from dog
waste and, based on experience at other dog beaches, dog bices and dags ~umping on ather beach users The ccn-
cerns about lack of shade and interference wrch other 6each uses wa~ld 6e mitigated by limiting off-leash use to
early morning ~n the off-season. The time restrictEOn and its location on a relati~ely unused section of beach norch
of the Pi~r would reduce the potentia! for encounters with other beach users The pollution potential is currently
bemg addressed by Ciry staff Concerns regardmg overuse would be allewated rf there were an off-leash area ~n
Los Angeles open during the same cime periods
0~=~eash Dog Areas 3 I
APPENDIX A
SOUND LEVELS AT OF~-LEASH DOG AREAS AND OTHER PARK FACiLIT1ES
In all the ofF-leash dog areas observed as parc of this study, dogs barked intermittently Ta understand this
potentiai effect, sound levefs were measured~ in che neighbarhoods surrounding joslyn Park, Paufic Paric, Los
Amigos Park and Marrne Park at several different times a{ day on several different days of the week. The sound
meter was la~ated at the praperry Ime between a front yard and sidewalk atross the street from each park
Measuremenu were also taken at locations in tF~e neighborhood se~eral blocks away from the parks The sound
ievel measurements in the neigi~borhoods surrounding Joslyn and Los Amigos Parks are summarized in Table A-I
For each park at each t~me period, Table A-I I~su I) the average sound level based on a senes af 3-m~nuce readings,
2) the dommant single er+ent sound levels generated by speafic recurrmg actEVities {cars dnwng by, airplanes
overhead and p~rk activities) and 3} the "bac{cground" neighborhood sound level excluding those speti~c recurnng
acuvit~es The background sound Is~el indudes a vanery of neighborhood sounds, such as traffic, lawn mowers,
people walking by and talking The average sound level is camposed of the background sound and ~arious single
eventsaunds
Table A-I. Sound 4.evel Measurements (dBA) in the Vicin~ty of Joslyn and Los Amigos Parks
J05LYN PIlRI( LOS AMIGDS PARK
Sound meter lotation parkmg lane across the Sound meter location parking lane across the
streec from park on 5trand screet frorn park on 6th St,
Weekday 5aturday Weekday 5aturday
7 30 - 7•30 -
8:30 a.m. Mid-daY 5-6 p.m. Mid-dar 8:30 a rri. Mid-dar 5-6 P.m M~d-day
integrated average" 60-b1 58-61 58-60 59-61 59-62 64-62 58-b1 60-6f
Background sound''°` 50-53 48-52 48-5D 50-53 4$-50 48-52 48-50 50-53
Single e~ent sounds
Car drrving by 68J0+ 68-70+ 68-7U+ 64-69+ 64-fi9+ 64-b9+ 67-69+
Plane overhead 55-6D+ 55-60f 55-60+ 55•60+ 55-6D
Ump~re whistle na na na na na 64•b5 na 59-60
Soccer/baskethall games na na na na na 52-54 53-61 56-55
or PE class (continuous)
Audience clapping na na na na na na na 60-61
(inLermittentj
Audience cheering na na na na na na na 6 I-b4
(Intermitcent}
Dog barking (~ncerm~ttent}
Typical 52-$4 52-54 54-56 53-55 na na na na
High {infrequent} 58-6a 58-60 60-66 58-62 na na na na
* Average of aii sounds, mcluding bac{Sground, cars drrv~ng by, planes o~erhead and actiwry at the park
'k* Sound level when there are no [ars driwng by, no planes overhead and no attrvEry in the park It mtludes tra~c on
surrounding streeu, people walking by, fawn mowers and other nerghborhood acnvicy At Joslyn Park trdfic on Lincaln
Blvd ~ontr~6utes to the background sound level At Los Amigos Park Ocean Park $Ivd traffic contributes to the
background sound le~el
The unit of ineasurement typically used to assess sound levels w~thin a communiry js the "A-weighted decibel" or
dBA A-weightEng is a frequency correction that carrelates overall sound pressure le~els to the freque~cy response
' A simple. inexpensrve sound meter was used When talibrated agamst a more sophESCicated mecer, che sound readings by the
simple meter were wrchin I-2 decibels of the more soph~st~cated meter For the purposes of this analys~s rc~s the relauve,
rather than absolute, ~+aiues that are of concern
Ap~enda A A-I
of the human ear Noise le~els dimmish (attenuate) as the d~stance from the source mcreases, and che rate of
attenuation varies w~th the rype of noise 5aund from po~nt sources, such as construcuon srtes, a smgle car passing
by or barking dogs, attenuates at a rate af about 6 dBA per dou6lmg distance Typicaffy, noise analyses assume ihat
a sound that is 3 dBA or less abo~e the ambient will not percei~ed as annoying Fiowe~er, the level of anrroyance
caused by a sound depends on a variery of factors, includmg che magnitude of the sound le~e! relatroe to the
background (arnb~enc) sound le~el, the duration and frequency af the sound e~enu, the ume of day at wh~ch the
sound event occurs, tapograph~c and clrmauc conditions, and the listener's sensitivrty to the sound
The ayerage sound ievels at the two parks were sim~lar, with a slightly higher a~erage sound le~el at Los Amigos
Park Average sound levels a few 6locks av,fay from each park were somettmes lower and other t~mes s~m~lar to
tf~ose at the parks, dependmg on the num6er of cars and plaRes The smgle-event sounds generated by 6oth cars
drEVing by and pVanes overhead were typ~taily higher than those generated 6y actrvit~es m e~ther park
At joslyn Park the background sound levei reeorded mid-day on Saturday was 50 ta 52 d8A The saund ie~els of
dog barks recorded across the street from the park were rypicaffy 55 dBA or less, wrth an occasional 58 to 62 dBA
bark from dogs sranding close to the fence A 62 dBA bark wauld aLtenuate to an outdoor sound le~el of 5~f dBA
at $0 feet (about the distance to the front facade of tf~e directly ad~acent home} and less than 50 dBA (less than the
background sound lerrel} at 16~ feet The indaor sound level at 80 feet for someone in a dirett line-of-sight to the
barking dog with the wmdaws open would be about the same as the outdoor sound le~el The indoor sound ievel
at 80 to I Od feat with open windows for sameone not in the drrect line-of-sight to the barking dog would rypically
be I 2 to I 5 dBA less than the outdaor sound level ac the same distance - with~n range af the ambient saund levei
Frgure 2 diagrams the above sound level attenuation
Figare Z Qttenuation of Sir~gle-Event Sound
Plan 1/iew ~L ~
~ ~
5eotion
~,f,~'
~- _
62
dBA
~. ~
40' _ ~.
80'
5.4~
dHA ~~te
1
~ ~r
/
~ 160'
48
The amb~ent sound level recorded on a weekday afternoon was in t41e v~urnty of 52 d8A The max~mum sound
level of a bark, again lo~ated near the fence, was 66 dBA, which wauld attenuate to an autdoor or indoor direct
slsght-lis+e saund levels of 60 dBA at $0 feet as~d 54 d8A (va~th~n che ~ange of the amb~ent sound level) ac 160 feet
The indoor sound level for someone not in the direct sight line at 80 co 100 feet woufd be reduced to within the
range of the ambient sound fe~e!
A-2 Appendrx A
T~ie tndoor sound le~el {or someane not ~n the d~rect s~ght I+r~e at 80 to !00 feet would be red~ced to w~th~n the
range of the ambient saund level
For comparison, the sotand of a car ar tr~ck drivrng by was rypECal~y 6$ to 72 dBA, wh~ch woe~ld atcer~uate to arr
outdoor or indoor direct sight-line sound level of Fi2 to G6 dBA at Lhe front facacles of the ad~acent homes, 50 to
53 dBA indoor saund fevel if not along a direct sight-line, and 56 to 60 dBA at I 60 feet
5ound ie~eis generated 6y soccer games or P E. classes at Los Amigos Park were typically slightly higher and more
frequent than those at Joslyn Park They were require a skEghtiy langer distance to attenuate to the same levels as
the dog barks generated at Joslyn Park
Dogs rarely barked during t~e periods of observation at Pacific Park. However, sound reading across Main 5treet
or Nedson Way from Patific Street Park inditate that the relatively continuous sound generated b~ traffic wo~kd
exceed and, therefore, mask the sound of dogs barking On the other hand, the sound of a loud dog bark as
perceived across Paafic Street or at the commercial buEldang in the same block would exceed the background
sound le~e1 Cafculatians like thase described above for Josfyn Park indicate that the sound leve{ of a dag bark
wauld attenuate to within the haclcground sound le~el range at about 75 feet
Ap~endrx A A- 3
AAP~NDIX B
50UTHERN CALI~ORNIA OFF-LEASH AREAS
Los Angeles Los Angeles ~as three off-ieash areas today with an ~nformal goal of (not more than) one per
Council D~stricc or I$ total (or one area for 250,OD0 people} The current three off-leash areas are
Laurel Conyon Tl~e Laurel Canyan Dog Park, the first L A off-feasF~ area, was establisf~ed m tF~e lace 15$Os It is
3 7 acres in size on a sloping site It has a fenced chEldren's play area and restroom facilities within the fenced area
O~aally, dogs are reqwred ce be on leasfi~ from 10 a m until 3 p m to permit others to use the ~ark However,
the regulation daes not appear to be enforced Because the off-leash area is iarge, portions of it can be cordoned
off on a regular basis to restore the turf, st~ll t~ere are some bare areas There is an ad~atent parkmg lot
Silver Lake ~he 5ih+er f..ake area is about one acre in srze part sloping and pare level, v~nth curbs3de parking
Sepufveda Basrn The Ciry of Las A~geles' newest off-leash area is nine acres En size, including a five-a~re off-leash
area, a landscaped buffer, and a I 20 car parkrrog lot lu capiral cosz was $300,000, of which Frisk~eslAlpo paid
$3Q400 Dogs congregate on about one to two acres near the parking lat 7he park ~s always relatrvely qwet and
amicable during observation periads for this study, but, accor~~ng to Ciry stafE, big dogs mtimidating small dogs has
beer~ a prablerrt, and ama~l dog area ~s plar~r~ec~ Altho~gh relacwely clear~ d~trir~g observatron perrods for thrs scudy.
clean-up of feces is alsa a problem according to staff and they are considenng a user fee Grass was mitiaily pfanted
and has not held up Wood chips have been used co "patch" bare areas
In addition to the above fenced off-leash areas, dogs are perm~tted off-leash m areas Runyor~ Canyon Park, a
largely undeveloped area En the 5anca Moni~a Mountains with trads and a small lawn area The Recreation and Parks
Commiss~on has ~ust approved the fenc~ng of a no-dog area for other park users, with the maloriry of the park off-
ieash The clean-up regulacion is not followed m the trail areas
An off-leash area currently is being considered for Cheviot Hills
Redondo Beach Redonda Beach's relatroely new dog park is three acres in size and mcludes a small dog area
Because it is relatt~ely new, the turF ~s st~ll generally ~ntact There ~s an ad~acent parkEng lot
Long Beaeh The Long Beach off-leash area is lacated in Recreation Park, between the golf course and casting
pool It is becween one and two atre is size, with an ad~acent ~ark~ng lat The turf which formerfy covered the
area is now completely dead, leaving ~nly dirt
Hunt~ngton Beath The two-atre ofF-leash area ad~acent to Central Park is divided one-thtrd for small dags and
two-thirds for b~g dogs It is on a slope a bit steeper than that at Joslyn Park and is co~ered 6y a thick layer (about
four inches) of shredded tree trEmmmgs
At 8olsa CE~ica Beach (lEfeguard station 22) dogs are perm~tted on-leash offitiaNy and off-leash unoffinally Whde
feces on beach were not observed, a consEderable amount on the bluffs above the beach, becween parking areas
and sand, was noted
Casta Mesa The ofF-ieash area at Tewinkle Park is berneen one and two acres m size, irregular in shape, and
cons~sts of t~rf with bare dirt, especially on berms It is located between a tennis dub and Newport Boule~ard155
Freeway its parking lot with has 38 directly ad~acent spaces and 42 additional spates
Laguna Beach_ Located along Laguna Canyon Road, ch~s 2 8-acre park ~s le~el area planted with Sc Augustine
grass The grass seems to have survived fairly well with limited irrEgacion, afthough there are s~veral large bare
spots The ~aguna Beacf~ paric has a particulariy rnce combination drinkmg fountain/water faucet with an attached
stamless steel water bowl {see photo)
Claremont Claremont's off-leash area, Iocated in College Park, is abouc one-acre in size
Qppendrx 8 8-1
Laguna NigeE The off-~eash dog area m Laguna N~ge4 ~s! { acre m size
San Diego Ocean Beach is 5an Diega's year-round o{f-leash beach Iz has both a large park~ng lot and curbside
parking Ac~ording to C~ty staff, the area has been used as an off-leash 6each for mare than 2fl years and has had
relatively few problems Large quantities of feces were abserved on the 6eacF~
De! Mar pogs are permitted of{-leash on a secuon of Del Mar Beach from September 16 to May 16 There is
curbs~de pask~ng for wh~th the C~ty chacges a fee A port~o~ of the beach ~s d+recdy ad~acenc to residences
According to City suff, the areas has been used as off-leash beach for more than ~U years and has had relatively few
problems There has been an occasional dog bite, an occasional ~ogger knocked down by an exuberant dog, ane dog
drownmg and several rescues of awners trying to rescue therr dogs The 6each at Del Mar is quite clean
Accordmg to staff, users ltave been very responsible ~n recent years and a user group argan~zes intermittent clean-
up efFarts
Santa Barbara Area Beach areas ~n Carptintes~a and Mantecito are used as aff-4eash areas
8-1 Append~x B