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SR-906-000 (3) ft} 6-- om II-A JUN 1 ,. 1988 ~ CM:JJ:LCB:dVIn City Council Meeting 6/14/88 Santa Monica, California TO: Mayor and city council FROM: City Staff SUBJECT: Recommendation Regarding Developer Selection for 415 Pacific Coast Highway INTRODUCTION This staff report recommends that the City Council select Santa Monica Beach Development Partnership as the developer for the 415 Pacific Coast Highway parcel; authorize the city Manager to negotiate and execute an exclusive negotiating agreement with 5MBDPi authorize the City Manager to negotiate a long-term lease with the recommended developer for Council consideration; undertake all necessary activities to obtain reviews and approvals by state and local bodies, and authorize staff to commence negotiations with Entrada Associates in the event that negotiations with 5MBDP are unsuccessful. It is important to note that the approval sought at this time is a conceptual one based on the development program presented: the financial viability of the organization; and the developer team. Over the next nine to twelve months the proposal will be specifically refined both in the context of lease negotiations and in compliance with the requirements of necessary reviewing bodies. Various aspects of the proj ect will be presented at several more public meetings during this period. - 1 - I/-A JUN 1 ~ 19~\\ --BACKGROUND The 5-acre (215,740 square foot) parcel at 415 Pacific Coast Highway is owned by the state and administered by the city under a long-term operating agreement. For several years, the City has been under considerable pressure from the state to provide a long-term use for the site to both increase public access to the site and recognize its revenue generating potential to offset serious budget shortfalls in the Beach Fund. Efforts to secure a current long-term lease arrangement for this site began in 1982 when the city issued an RFP for development of the site. Five proposals were received and one of these was recommended by the City to the state for approval. Lengthy negotiations with the state failed to reach a conclusion. At that point, the City suggested a trade of other equally-valued City owned beach front property for the 415 Pacific Coast Highway site to enable the City to proceed as lead agency with development of the site. These negotiations were similarly unsuccessful and the city was notified of the state's lack of interest in this proposal in the Spring of 1986. At that time, City staff began the process of working with the state to develop a new Request for Proposals as well as State-requested background analysis. Since 1981, the property has been operated on a month-to-month agreement by the Sand and Sea Club. Prior to that time, the Club was in operation under a 20-year lease agreement. - 2 - ~REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS The City issued a Request for Proposals on April 1, 1987. This document was carefully crafted based on extensive discussions and public hearings with the state; the city's Recreation and Parks Commission; the City Council; neighbors; and city staff. It also reflected conformance with the City's Land Use Plan; zoning Ordinance; Local Coastal Plan; and the Santa Monica Beach Resource Management and Development Plan. The principal objective of the RFP was to seek projects which effectively balanced increased revenues generated from the site with increased public access to the site. Key components of the RFP included: General Objectives - 1) To provide for increased public access to the site. 2) To provide revenue to the City to be used for beach improvements and maintenance. 3) To provide for development of coastal/beach dependent activities. 4) To apply the highest standards of architectural design to the proposed development, with a mix of uses that are both architecturally and environmentally sensitive to the site and adjacent land uses. Specific Objectives Allowable Land Uses - Development of the 8i te is to be in conformance with applicable local and State regulations. Although allowable under the existing R-4 zoning, residential uses - 3 - .. " were not considered due to the public access requirements of the project. Unique overnight accommodations and beach related recreation and visitor-serving uses were allowed. There was also a requirement to maintain the existing 176 spaces of public beach parking on the site. A maximum lot coverage of 50% was specified. Height limits of 35' were included in the RFP at Council direction. Public Access - It was emphasized that the city desired a range of uses on the site available to individuals of varying economic means. These would include beach-related recreational uses available and affordable to the general public; overnight accommodations and restaurants when consistent with other policy objectives; cultural and entertainment facilities consistent with the overall uses of the project and harmonious relation with neighbors. Revenue Generation - Due to the unique development opportunity offered by the site, the state encouraged a maximization of revenue to the extent allowed by other policy objectives. This is particularly important in light of the precarious position of the Beach Fund which has been in a near-deficit for several years. The Santa Monica Beach is the most heavily used beach in the state of California and having the resources to maintain and improve its facilities is becoming increasingly difficult. Currently - 4 - ~ the site generates $120,OOO/yr. to the City while the appraised value has been cited as high as $20 million. The RFP at the request of the state, stipulated a minimum guaranteed annual rental of $500,000 with periodic CPI increases plus a percentage of gross from room rentals, food, beverage and miscellaneous concessions. Holding rent was also required prior to completion of construction. Lease Term Proposers were asked to specify a desired lease term. Legislation is currently proposed to extend the allowable lease term for the site to sixty years to allow amortization of the considerable investment needed to provide the various program components desired. Environmental/Architectural Quality The proximity of the site to residential uses and beach front location necessitate the highest quality of architecture and environmental sensitivity. Height, view corridors and circulation patterns were all mentioned in the RFP. Marion Davies House The RFP encouraged retention and re-use of the Marion Davies House on the site. other Requirements The RFP spelled out several other minimum requirements such as payment of prevailing wages and women and - 5 - minority business participation which proposers were requested to acknowledge. RESPONSES TO RFP Availability of the RFP was noticed in several statewide publications. Nearly 200 potential developers requested and received copies of the RFP. Eleven proposals were received by the deadline of July 1, 1987. On the whole, the proposals were marked by careful thought in preparation. The city wishes to acknowledge the strength and quality of the development teams who were interested in participating in the project. City staff members from the City Manager's Office, Community and Economic Development Department and Recreation and Parks Department were assisted by the consulting firm of Keyser Marsten Associates, Inc. in the review and analysis of the proposals. The state Department of Parks and Recreation was also kept advised during the review process. All eleven proposals were reviewed in detail. The principals were invited to interviews as well as being asked for written responses to outstanding questions and issues on occasion during the evaluation process. As highlighted earlier, the parameters for this project are quite unique. The project needs to provide a sensitive balancing of financial return, increased public access and - 6 - ~ environmentaljarchitectural features. A summary of each proposal accompanies this report as an appendix. While a number of the proposals presented very viable development projects, Staff felt that four of the proposals most clearly addressed the public access component of the RFP. These four proposals in alphabetical order are: The Dunes at Santa Monica - Raleigh Enterprises The Entrada - Greenwood DevelopersjDoubletree Sand & Sea - BadtjKimpton Associates Santa Monica Beach Hotel & Community Center - Michael McCarty/Dominion Properties A summary of the public access components follows. It is important to note that each of the four proposers indicated a willingness to discuss the various aspects of their public access programming and sought direction from the city in developing programs and activities. The Dunes at Santa Monica A unique aspect of this proposal is the recreation of a dune estuarine habitat with a marine biology preserve subsidized by the Raleigh Foundation. The main building contains banquet and meeting rooms; and two restaurants. An art and cultural conference center is proposed for the Marion Davies House. An outdoor amphitheater; public kiosks containing snack bars and beach equipment rentals; nature trail; parcours; site - specific art work; picnic areas; public restrooms and changing facilities comprise the remaining project public access features. The 176 spaces for public parking are retained on the site. - 7 - , The Entrada Nearly one quarter of the site is occupied by a central courtyard that allows foot traffic into, across and through the development. Landscaping, an amphitheater, snack bar, beach rental equipment stands and restroomsjdressing rooms are the only construction elements proposed west of the 1921 mean high tide line. Three restaurants of varying price ranges are proposed. A 150-seat indoor theater and meeting and banquet facilities are proposed. Renovation of the Marion Davies House is proposed with subsidized use by the Friends of Entrada Foundation to sponsor cultural and educational programming. 176 public parking spaces are retained on the site. Sand & Sea The project includes a public exercise and aerobics facility, swimming pool, sculpture garden, beach equipment rental station, showers and 1,000 lockers, paddle tennis and volleyball courts, small amphitheater and beach food service. A nominal charge is proposed for use of the facilities. There is a public center consisting of a 250 seat moderately priced restaurant, snack bar and meeting rooms. The Marion Davies House would be converted into a community center with programming funded by a subsidy from general project revenues. Junior athletics programs would also be sponsored. A 90 seat specialty restaurant and day care center for employee I s children are also included. 200 public parking spaces are provided. Shuttle services are proposed for both employees and user groups. - 8 - , Santa Monica Beach Hotel & Community Center The community Center is proposed as a 16,000 square foot facility encompassing the Marion Davies House. It would include a public day-use beach facility with 500 lockers, showers, restrooms and spa facilities available to the public at no or nominal charge. A moderate priced beach cafe and beach rental stands are also proposed. Available public parking on the site would be increased by 100 spaces to a total of 276. The Marion Davies House would house an Art and Environment center subsidized by general proj ect revenues to provide educational and cultural programming as well as pUblic meeting rooms. The Wests ide Arts Center would operate the arts component of the Center. The project will also contribute to a shuttle system. RECOMMENDATION OF DEVELOPER Achievement of Public Goals - Non-Financial All four of the developers cited above proposed varied and interesting public access project components which were well integrated into the design of the projects. All proposed operating subsidies to various non-profit administrators of portions of the public access program. However, the Santa Monica Beach Hotel and Community Center presents the most extensive underwriting of such activities. The annual subsidy is estimated at $600,000 to $850,000. These include: a) the addition of lOO public parking spaces to the existing 176. b) the willingness of the proposer to operate the day-use - 9 - beach facilities at no or nominal charge to the public. c) the designation of an existing non-profit organization to administer much of the Community Center program with guaranteed scholarship support for up to 50% of the participants; and payment of all capital renovation costs as well as operating support for extensive cultural and educational programming. d) the provision of a $2 million art collection on site. Achievement of Public Goals-Financial Again, all four proposals met the minimum RFP requirements and in fact projected similar annual rental revenue to the Beach Fund of $1.1 to $1.2 million. The projections were all viewed as reasonable by the city's economic consultant. Financing commitments were also strong in all cases. The ranking on this point, was therefore based on the guaranteed rental of each proposal. The Santa Monica Beach Hotel and Community Center have proposed a guaranteed minimum rent of $1 million against the percentages of gross set forth in the RFP. Entrada Associates proposed a $700,000 guaranteed minimum against percentages. The Dunes and Sand and Sea proposed $544,000 annual minimums against percentages. Developer Qualifications It is felt that all four development teams are highly qualified and capable of delivering the projects proposed. Reference - 10 - checks regarding prior development performance were uniformly excellent. The recommended development team has an outstanding track record in several areas: Michael McCarty, owner of the successful Michael's Restaurant in Santa Monica and the Rattlesnake Club in Denver is an internationally acclaimed restauranteur. The Dominion Property Company has completed nearly $600 million in development since its founding in 1977. Dominion has specialized in residential development (including Sea Colony I, II and III in Santa Monica) primarily in the coastal zone in Los Angeles County. Gerald J. Inzerillo is presently the Chief Operating Officer for Rubell-Schrager, Inc. which develops, owns and operates several hotels and night clubs valued at $200 million in the United States. Prior to this, he was the General-Manager of two Four Season Hotels in Texas responsible for supervising pre-opening activities of the properties. He also worked for Hilton Hotels for eight years. Numberous references praised his operational and organizational abilities to undertake a project of this nature. Physical Planning/Architectural Appropriateness Of the four key decision criteria, proj ect design will remain subject to the most refinement and analysis prior to final approval of the project plans. More specific working drawings, - 11 - traffic and circulation studies, environmental analysis and the like will be prepared for public review and required city and state approval processes in the months to come. Each of the four proposals are very different but all were most sensitive to the site and neighboring environs in terms of height, density and lot coverage. In comparing the four proposals, preliminary estimates of FAR's are .78 or less; lot coverage of 32% or less; and maximum heights of 35J or less. Next steps Upon Council approval of the recommendation, staff will proceed with preparing an exclusive negotiating agreement with the Santa Monica Beach Development partnership and then prepare a timetable and checklist of the necessary approval processes prior to lease finalization. The project will be required to follow all local and state procedural requirements. In addition, staff wishes to discuss in more detail some components of the project proposal to seek clarification and possible amendment. Some areas of possible refinement include refinancing options, holding rent, shortening of the lease term to meet state limitations and the site plan. It is also understood that there will be a number of off-site improvements required of the developer which will be necessary to delineate. It is anticipated that this review and approval gathering stage will take 9 to 12 months. Construction could begin after that time. FISCAL IMPACT There is no immediate fiscal impact resulting from this Staff - 12 - report. Timing of future revenue flows contained in the proposal remain to be negotiated. RECOMMENDATION It is recommended that the city Council authorize the city Manager to: 1) negotiate and execute an exclusive negotiating agreement with Santa Monica Beach Development Partnership for the development of the 5-acre parcel at 415 Pacific Coast Highway; 2) proceed with negotiation of a long-term lease with Santa Monica Beach Development Partnership for Council consideration; 3) apply for and assist in obtaining all necessary reviews and approvals for the proj ect at the State and local level, including public hearings at various stages, and 4) undertake negotiations with Entrada Associates should negotiations with Santa Monica Beach Development Partnership prove unsuccessful. Prepared By: John Jalili, City Manager Lynne C. Barrette, Assistant city Manager Attachment (ssreport) - 13 - APPENDIX AMERICAN REALCORP Development Team American Realcorp - Robert Cohen Gin Wong Associates - Architects project Description The project consists of a 154 room all suite hotel with conference facilities; a 9,500 square foot health spa; a 400 member beach club; 150 seat restaurant: subterranean garage; tennis and paddle courts; beach facilities and extensive water elements. Building Height Lot Coverage Parking Spaces Marion Davies House Total buildings 35' 48% 611 - restored to a lounge to be made available for social and civic affairs. 156,660 square feet Lease Term Proposed 49 years with one 20 year option Holding Rent To be negotiated Construction Rent $120,000jyr Base Rent $594,000jyr with CPI adjustment every 5 years percentage Rent As specified in RFP except 15% for parking City Participation at Sale/Refinancing 10% to lessor after cumulative preferred return to owner and return to lender Annual City Financial Return - Beach Fund (3rd yr.) $1,036,000 Development Costs $30.4m Hotel Operator - not specified Average Room Rate (3rd yr.) Average Occupancy 72% $171 - 1 - THE DUNES AT SANTA MONICA Development Team Raleigh Enterprises/Executive Life Ins. Co. - George Rosenthal Gensler & Associates - Architects Project Description The Dunes consists of a 162 unit hotel (12 bungalows); conference center; restaurant; large estuarine pond; boardwalks; sand dune restoration area; subterranean garage; public beach facilities community/cultural center in North House. Building Height Less than 35' Lot Coverage 22% Parking Spaces 444 plus 60 off-site Marion Davies House - Retained as conference/arts center Total buildings 118,820 square feet Lease Term Proposed 75 year lease Holding Rent $10,OOO/mo. construction Rent $20,OOO/mo. Base Rent $544,000 yr. with CPI adjustment every 5 years Percentage Rent As specified in RFP plus 5% of all revenues above threshold once investment fully amortized. City Participation at sale/Refinancing 10% of net proceeds up to $10 million for first refinancing Annual city Financial Return - Beach Fund (3rd year) $1,116,000 Annual City Financial Return - General Fund (3rd year) $1,073,475 Development Costs $28.6 million Hotel Operator - Raleigh Average Room Rate (3rd year) Average Occupancy $219 72% - 2 - ENTRADA Development Team Entrada Associates - Greenwood Development Doubletree, Inc. Hare Brewer and Kelley, Inc. Howard Needles Tammen & Bergendoff - Architects project Description The Entrada is comprised of a 198 room inn; meeting, ballroom, and banquet facilities; 150 seat theatre; amphitheater; three restaurants; North House communi ty center: central court and sculpture garden; public beach facilities; and a two level subterranean garage. Building Height Lot Coverage Parking Spaces Marion Davies House Total Buildings 35' 30% 606 spaces - Retained as cUltural/exhibition center with $100,000 $120,000 annual subsidy to non-profit operating foundation. 164,930 square feet Lease Term Proposed 55 year lease plus 2 20 year options Holding Rent $8,700 mo./$200,OOO total Construction Rent $10,000 mo/$120,OOO total Base Rent $700,OOO/yr with CPI adjustment every 5 years Percentage Rent As specified in RFP City Participation at sale/Refinancing 10% over developer's total investment Annual City Financial Return - Beach Fund (3rd yr) $1,266,000 Annual City Financial Return - General Fund (3rd yr.) $1,155,956 Development Costs $22.7 million Hotel operator - Doubletree Average Room Rate (3rd yr.) Average Occupancy $202 75% - 3 - FOUR FIFTEEN DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP Development Team Norman J. Ackerberg John Daniels Arnold Cader Richard Meier - Architect project Description The proposed project consists of a 216 room hotel with banquet and meeting facilities; hotel commercial shopping area; two restaurants; coffee shop; North House relocation (possible restaurant); 10 ,000 square foot spa and health club; sculpture garden; parking structure; beach recreation facilities and concessions. Building Height Lot Coverage Parking Spaces Marion Davies House Total Buildings 35' 38% 687 spaces - Relocation on site 210,999 square feet Lease Term Proposed 55 year lease plus 2 20 year options Holdin9 Rent not specified Construction Rent $180,000 total over 2 years Base Rent $500,000 with CPI adjustment every 5 years Percentage Rent As specified in RFP City Participation at sale/Refinancing 15% of net sale or refinance proceeds Annual City Financial Return - Beach Fund (3rd year) $922,000 Development Costs $43.5 million Hotel operator - continental Average Room Rate (3rd year) $231 Average Occupancy 72% - 4 - GEORGINA BEACH HOTEL Development Team Westgroup, Inc. - Patrick R. Colee FCB Partnership The Landau Partnership - Architect Project Description The project consists of a 175 room hotel with meeting and banquet facilities; a restaurant and bar; hotel commercial and retail; meeting space; North House restaurant; public beach facilities and parking structure. Building Height Lot Coverage Parking Spaces Marion Davies House Total Buildings 35' 50% 380 spaces - Retained as restaurant 221,000 square feet Lease Term Proposed 66 year lease Holding Rent $10,000 moj$240,OOO total construction Rent Included in above Base Rent $700,000jyr with annual CPI adjustment not to exceed 7% percentage Rent As specified in RFP city participation at sale/Refinancing Not specified Annual City Financial Return - Beach Fund (3rd yr) $918,000 Development Costs $36.4 million Hotel Operator - Westgroup, Inc. Average Room Rate (3rd yr) $204 Average Occupancy 80% - 5 - HOTEL AT THE BEACH Development Team Christopher Wojciechowski Caravel Hotel Management - Peter Bally, Bernard siloman Wojciechowski, Rowlett & Naskar - Architects project Description The project consists of a 250 room hotel with conference facilities~ hotel commercial~ restaurant; health and fitness spa; daily-use beach club and related facilities; and a three level subterranean garage. Building Height Lot Coverage Parking Spaces Marion Davies House Total Buildings 35' 45.5% 1,042 spaces - Offer to relocate off-site 403,124 square feet Lease Term Proposed 99 year lease Holding Rent No Construction Rent Included in base rent with right to terminate after 2 years Base Rent $550,000 for 1st 2 yrs, $l.lm for next 12 years, 1.7 m for next 12 years percentage Rent Only if actual project revenues exceed projection, then 5% of difference after amortization of costs. City Participation at sale/Refinancing Not specified Annual city Financial Return - Beach Fund (3rd yr.) $550,000 oevelopment Cost $54.5 m Hotel operator - Caravel Hotel Management Average Room Rate (3rd yr.) $134 Average Occupancy 75% - 6 - OCEANHOUSE PARK ASSOCIATES Development Team Bryant L. Morris Robert J. Morris project Description This project consists of a 16,000 square foot restaurant with rooftop observation deck; public beach recreation area; renovated public restrooms and beach food concession; North House meeting hall and museum; and on grade and subterranean parking. Building Height Lot Coverage Parking Spaces Marion Davies House Total buildings Less than 20' 11. B% 508 spaces - Retained as multi-use 20,000 square feet facility Lease Term proposed 20 year lease Holding Rent None (continue with current operator) Construction Rent To be negotiated - $150,000 total Base Rent $500,000 year with CPI adjustment every 5 years percentage Rent As specified in RFP City Participation at Sale/Refinancing Not specified Annual City Financial Return - Beach Fund (3rd yr) $532,000 Development Costs $5.1 million - 7 - SAND AND SEA Development Team BadtjKimpton Associates - Douglas Badt Herbert P. McLaughlin William D. Kimpton KaplanjMcLaughlinjDiaz - Architects Project Description This project consists of a 131 room inn with a pUblic center including restaurant, bar and conference facilities; an exercise facility and public swimming pool; a landscaped sculpture garden; North House COlDlD.uni ty center; tennis and paddle courts; publ ic beach facilities and access platforms; a subterranean garage; small amphitheater and employee day care center. Building Height 35' Lot Coverage 23.6% Parking Spaces 625 spaces Marion Davies House - Retained as communi ty center wi th $89,000 annual subsidy to non-profit operating foundation. Total Buildings - 136,000 square feet Lease Term Proposed 42 year lease plus 2 10 year options Holding Rent $120,000 year construction Rent $10,000 mo.j$240,000 total Base Rent $544,000/yr. with CPI adjustment every 5 years Percentage Rent As specified in RFP city Participation at Sale/Refinancing 10% after debt, equity and 10% preferred return to investors. Option for $1 million in-lieu at outset of lease. Annual City Financial Return - Beach Fund (3rd yr) $1,225,000 Annual City Finaneial Return - General Fund (3 yr.) $694,262 Development Costs $27.2 million Hotel operator - Kimco Hotel Management Average Room Rate (3rd yr.) $152 Average Occupancy 85% - 8 - SANTA MONICA BEACH HOTEL AND COMMUNITY CENTER Development Team Santa Monica Beach Development Partnership Michael McCarty Dominion Property company Gerald Inzerillo Richard Keating of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill - Architect Project Description This project consists of a 148 room hotel with meeting and banquet facilities; two restaurants; re-use of the North House as a community center; a public day-use beach facility;subterranean garage and expanded public parking. Building Height 35' Lot Coverage 32% Parking Spaces 500 spaces Marion Davies House - Retained as communi ty center. Annual subsidy of operating costs for educational & cultural programming. Total Buildings 162,600 square feet Lease Term proposed 55 year lease plus 2 20 year options Holding Rent $250,000 letter of credit construction Rent $650,000 - $950,000 total Base Rent $1 million/year with cap on increases of prior 10 year average CPI Percentage Rent As specified in RFP. City Participation at sale/Refinancing 5% of net from refinance and 7% of sale. Annual City Financial Return - Beach Fund (3rd yr.) $1,228,000 Annual City Financial Return - General Fund (3 yr.) $1,311,122 Development Costs $42.2 million Hotel operator - Gerald Inzerillo, Managing Partner Average Room Rate (3rd yr.) $304 Average occupancy 70% - 9 - SANTA MONICA BEACH PRESERVATION ASSOCIATION Development Team Theodore Rhodes Mary Kinzelberg Richard Gold project Description The proposed project is to continue the existing use on the site wi th an expansion of public access programming; meeting space availability and availability of additional use permits. Future capital improvements to be determined. Lease Term Proposed 19 year lease Holding Rent No Construction Rent None - continue with existing operations Base Rent $5ll,600/yr. with annual CPI adjustments of 4% Pereentage Rent As specified in RFP but would request reallocation to public programs. ~ity participation at Sale/Refinancing na Annual City Financial Return - Beaeh Fund $622,440 Development Costs na - 10 - . t SANTA MONICA INTER-CONTINENTAL HOTEL & BEACH RESORT Development Team 415 PCH Group - Fred Johnson Investment, Inc. San Dieguito Group - Salvatore P. Osio Albert P. Martin of Archisystems International - Architects project Description The proposal consists of a 250 room hotel with meeting and banquet facilities~ a gourmet restaurant~ 1000 member health club, pavilion and waterfront promenade~ public beach facilities~ the relocation and restoration of North House as a cultural center~ and a two level subterranean garage. Building Height Lot Coverage Parking Spaces Marion Davies House Total Buildings Some over 35' offset by view corridors 47.3% 680 spaces - Restored as historical/cultural center 252,000 square feet Lease Term Proposed 50 year lease Holding Rent $60,000 total construction Rent $180,000 total Base Rent $500,000jyr. percentage Rent As specified in RFP. Annual city Participation at Sale/Refinancing $980,000 Development Costs $32.6 million Hotel operator - Inter-Continental Average Room Rate (3rd yr.) $146 Average Occupancy 75% (recomss1) - 1l - ; HoD ~ //-11 ~ (, Av~f) .. ~ ::c "':l S t'l 0'1 ~ ttl ~ :d 111 (1) 0 Ib t>>t>> III PI PI O~ 0 . 0'1(1) 0 rt PI ::s...... 11 (/1 O"tl11 a PI 0 "Crt J). m g.(1) 0 III rtj:;::-;' art a I>> 1-'- n (1) m ctI ::r t1' .....- -=:ctI UI o::s Ol 0 t-3 ::s :d ctI 1-'::1 "Ctn (1)1Q (1) < ~ 01-3 rt (1) 11 .....I.Q SlI- ~ Ib (1) t-3P1 PI ::s 0 ::IW 11 g >< I,Q rt 011 1-'- PI (1) ~g. 0 ~ ~"< ..... 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