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CA RLK:SSS:dd-
Council ~eeting 04-08-80
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Santa ~onlca, Callfornla
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STAFF REPORT
APR S: 'OC'f'l
TO: Mayor and Clty Council
FROM: City Attorney
SUBJECT: Moratorium on Adult Entertainment Uses.
II.\J'TRODUCTION
This report transMits an emergency ord~nance declaring
a Moratorium on adult entertainMent uses in the City
for six months or untl1 the adoption of a permanent ordinance
regulatlng the zoning of such uses. The Council directed that
thlS moratorlum be prepared at lts March 26, 1980, meetlnq
(Item IIC).
BACKGROUND
The factual background of the problem is discussed in
the staff report subMitted for the 11arch 25, 19110, meetinq.
The attached energency ordinance provldes as follows:
(a) It suggests flndings upon WhiCh to base
an emergency ordlnance under Section 615 of the City Charter~
(b) It dlrects the Planning DepartMent an~ Planninq
Cornmlssion to study and Make recommendations on perManent
regulatlon and controls of adult uses;
(c) It prohlblts the establlshment of eight (8)
defined adult uses as well as the establishment of any
massage parlors for a perlod of six (6) months or until
the adoptlon of a permanent ordinance;
(d) It defInes a number of adult uses includinq
massage parlors~ and,
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APR 8 1920
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(e) It ~akes violations criminal as well as
violative uses public nuisances, subJect to summary abate~ent.
In 1976, the United States Supreme Court upheld the
adult use ordinance of the City of Detroit. Young v.
American Minl Theaters (1976) 427 U.s. 50, 49 L.Ed.2d 310,
S.Ct. 2440. Detroit's ordinance prevented the location of
certain defined adult uses within 500 feet of areas zoned
for residential, church, or school uses or wlthln 1000
feet of another adult use. The ordinance was based upon
the power of the City to regulate land use.
After Young, cities throughout the country adonte~
Similar ordinances. Slnce these ordlnances requlate
activities such as bookstores WhiCh are wlthin the First
Amendment protections of free expreSSIon, the Supreme Court
was careful to emphasJze that Detroit's ordinance was not
an 1ndirect method of abolishing activities WhiCh were
const1tutionally protected. While the ordinance substantlally
reduced the locatlons available to adult uses and eliminated
the possibillty of their concentrations In anyone local1ty,
it left the marketplace "essentially unrestrained" in the
sense that adult uses were available, but 1n areas more
conslstent wlth land planning principles.
The City may not permanently prohibit constltut1onally
protected actlvltlesi the reco~~ended emergency ordinance
prohibits the lssuance of all permlts In all areas only
whlle a permanent ordinance 15 belng developed.
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ALTERNA TIVES
The City Council may adopt, reject, or modify the
proposed ordinance.
REcmtl-lENDATIONS
It is respectfully recommended that the Councll
concur With the flndings and adopt the proposed ordinance as
an emergency ordlnance.
Prepared By: Rlchard L. Knickerbocker
Stephen S. Stark
Charles J. Post
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CITY OF SANTA MO~ICA
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ORD I~Ai'\IC:C nur-1BER 1154
(City Council Series)
fu~ ~!ERGE~CY ORDI~F~C~ OF THE
CI'::'Y COUNCIL OF THE CI'rY OF
SA;:>-;TA ~lO::~ICA nIPOSTm~ A IIORA-
'='ORIL'~l O~': ~Hr.:.: ES'::.'ABLISlr\IEN~ OF
CERrAI:~ DEFINFl) ADULT USES.
'IHE CITY COU:.JCIL 0"2 TEE CITY OF S].\2JTA HONICA DOES
HEREBY ORDAI~ AS ?OLLO~S:
SECTIO~ 1. FI~DINGS.
The Clty CouD8il of the City of Santa Monlca makes
the follo;dug ::l!1dlTIgS:
(1) Cc~tinuation of eXisting concentrations
and the ClstlTIct ?osslblllty of further concentrations
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of ad\1l t 'Jses wi t:l.ln the City of Santa ilonica T..,ill aaverse1y
effect the publlC pecce, health, ann safety.
(2) RegJlation of adult uses is not adequately
addre SSE-d i:1 the Santa lior..ica Hunlcipal Code.
~his
lnadequacy is cont~ary to the purpose and intent of
the zoni~g regulations and Co~prehensive General Plan of
the City.
(3) There is local and national concern with
~any of the effects of adult uses, inclu~lng the detxI~tntal
influence trat ac~lt uses have on children, the increased
crl~lnal actlvlty assOCIated wlth the3e uses, and the dis-
ruptlve effec~s ~~Gt aault uses have on aajac€nt residential
a~a co~~erclal nSlghborhcods.
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(4) It lS ~ecessarv that the City have ade~uate
tiT2 ~nd into~atlon to CO~Sl~er and adopt new standards
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for adult uses t~at wlIJ fu~th~r the lCD0 tern interests
of th9 eXlstlng ard ~he f~ture reSlcents of the City of
Santa ~lon~ca an~ be co~s~ste~t wlth the purposes and lntent
of the zonins reg~latlorrs a~d Geneyal Plan of the Clty.
(5) To protect the public peace, health, and
safety, it is necessary fo~ the City to enact ap?~opriate
regulatlo~s and co~trols for adult uses.
(6) T~e Plannlr.g Depart~e~t ana the Plannlng
COTh~lSSlOnare directed to studv and reco~nend new requlatlons
and coatrols for adult uses.
SECTIO:..J 2.
STAT::::~1E:'~':;T OF URGE~~CY.
T~at by reason of t~e flTI0ings set forth In Section
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1, there exists a::--c L'L,,:,ediate threat tc, the publ:.c peace,
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~ealt~, and sa~etYi an~ t~~t the City Council declares
this orr: r"ar,ce to be an e.,-'e2Cgency measure pursua::1t to Sectlon
615 of the Clt~ C~art2=.
SEC~IO:.! 3.
PROHI3I':::'IO'J.
Fo~ a perlOG of six no~ths, or until such tine as
a perr,2Dent adult use ordinance is afo0ted, whlc~ever should
flrst occur, P-O ?erson s~all cause or perDlt the establlshnent
of anv o~ the follrr~~n~ a~ul~ uses:
adult bookstore, adult mini
~otion plc~ure th2ater, a~~lt motel, adult Flotion plcture arcade,
adul~ ~o~io~ D_lcture theater, Q l~ b t 1
a'u L ca are_, ~assaqe par or,
adult nor~l stud~o, o~ s~xual encounter center.
~he establls~~e~~ 0= a~ adult use shall include the
open~~~ or suc~ husiness as a new business, the relocation
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of SUC0 buslness, the converSlO~ of an eXIstlnq buslness
location to
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adult use, or the grantins of permits
required
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of ~asse~urs ar..::. rr.as.seuses ~~7hich 'I..;ould have the effect of
the estab 11snFent of an acult use or the intensl:EJ_catio~
0= a~ eXlstlns adult use.
city off~cers a~d e~ployees shall not process aoplicatlons
for adult uses while thlS ordlna~ce lS in effect.
SEe'l ION 4.
DE?:i:~I'l:'IONS.
A. For D~rDoses of this ord1nance, adult uses are:
(1) Adult Books~ore.
An establlshffient hav1ng as a slgnificant portion
of ~ts stock i~ trade bOOKS, films, masazines and other
periodlca1s ~~lch are dlstlnquished or characterized by
an e~?haS1S on de?lcting or describln0 specif1ed
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sexual co~duct or specifle~ anatOTIlcal areas.
(2) Adult ~.llni ~Iot~on picture The2.ter.
An enclosed bUl1cln~ with a canaclty of less than
50 persons used for presenting material distinquishen
or characterized by an ewohasis on depictlnq or describing
sp2cif1ed sexual conauct or snecifleo anatonical areas.
(3) Adult Motel.
A TIotel ~~erein ~aterial is presented which 1S
d~stingulshed or characterlzed by an errDhasis on deD1cting
or describlng sDecified sexual conrluct or specifled anatoDical
areas.
(4) Adult :'lotion Picture Arcace.
Any place to WhlCh the public is perMItted or
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lnvlted v~ereln C01~ or sluq-ouerated or electro~lc~lly,
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e~ectrlcally o~ec~~niCallY controlle~ S~l or motlon
plcture maCh~nes, proJectors, or other Inaqe-produclng
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devices are malntalned to show iRages to Ilve or fewer
persons per Mac~lne at any one ti~e, ann where the i~ages
so dlsplayec are dlstlnq~lshed or characterized by an
emp~asis on ceplcting or nescribl~q speclflen sexual conduct
or specifled anato0ical a~~as.
(5) hdul t !1o::.ion picture Theater.
An enclosed building with a capacity of 50 or
Rare persons used for presenting naterial distinquished or
characterized by ~~ enphasls on deplctina or describlng
specified sexual conduct or sneclfled anatomical areas.
(6) AQ~lt Cabaret.
A nlg~tclub, theater, or other establlshnent
WhICh features live perfor~ances by to?less and/or bottom-
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less dancers, "go-solt dancers, exotlc dancers, strin;?ers,
or slnilar en::.ertainers, where such perforrances are
distinguished or characteri~ed by an em~hasis on specified
sexual conduct or specifieo anato~lcal areas.
(7) Massaae Parlor.
Any place Fhere for any form of conSlderation or
gratulty, nassage, alcohol rub, adTIlnlstratlon of fOTIen-
tations, electric or magnetlc treat~entsT or any otter
treat~ent or ffia~ipula~lo~ of the hu~an body occurs except
as perforned by 11.c22.sed practioners of Healing Arts as
defined In the Callfornla BUSiness and Profsll0ns Code,
Divlsion 2, Cha?ter 1 - 11, Sectlons 500 et. seg..
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(8)
eul t Hodel
StudIO.
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Any
place w:r:ere,
for any
form of conslneration
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o~ gratuity, r~gure 700dels w~o display specified anatoilllcal
areas are provided to be obs~rved, sketcp-ed, drawn, painted,
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sCDlpture~, photogrG?~ed, or siTIllarly depicted by persons
paving such co~slceratio~ or sratuity.
(9) Sexl~l Encou~ter Ce~ter.
Any D~SlLess, agency, or person who, for any
form of considerction or gratuity, provldes a place where
three or more perso~s, not all wembers of the sa~e faMily,
may congresa~e, assenole or aSSOCIate for the p~rpose of
e~gaging in speclfied sexual conduct or ex~oslng speC~fleQ
ana~onical areas.
B.
Spec~~led Sexual con~uct
and Specified Anatomical
Areas are:
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(1)
S~eci=led Sexual Conduct.
(a) H~~an genitals In a state of sexual
stl~~latlon or arousal;
(b) Acts of hUMan masturbation, sexual
interco~rse or sooo~y; or
(c) Fcndll~g or other erotic touching of
h~Ta~ genltals, pnic region, buttock or
f~"ale breast.
(2) Speclrleo Anato~lcal Areas.
(a) Less than completely an~ opa~uely
covere~ {l) hUMar- genitals, pUbiC
reglO::1, (2) but.tock, and (3) female
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brea st below a point Immediately above
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of the areola;
or
top
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(b) Huna~ ~ale genitals, less
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tha~ co~?letely and opaquely
covered, or human male genitals
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in a dlscernably turgid state,
even If co~pletely and opaquely
covered.
SECTIO)J 5. PE~~AL?Y FOR VIOLA'!'ION.
violation of this o~dlnance lS punishable by a fine
not exceeding Flve Hu~dred Dollars ($500.00), or by imprls-
or.Ll'ent not ex:::eecans SIX (6). !'"lonths, or by both such flne
and iwpriso~~e~~.
Eac~ day during any portion of which
any viola~ion of this ordinance lS commltted, per~itted
or contlnued s~all co~stltute a separate offense.
In addltlon to the penaltles provided In this section,
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any cor~ltion caused or per~itte0 to exist in vlolation
of any of the p~GV1S1cns of this ordlnance shall be deemed
a publlc nuisa~ce and ma~ be, by thIS City, sur~arily abated,
ar-d each day suc~ conditlon continues shall be req~rded
as a new and separate offense.
SECTIO?:; 6.
EF?EC'r mJ THS I:1UNICIPAL CODE.
The proviSions of thIS orclnance sunercede any in-
conslstent prOVISIon o~ t~e reunlcipal code.
SECTION 7.
SEVE:;~ABILITY.
If any p~ovlsion of thlS ordinance IS held to be un-
constltut~onal by any court of competent Jurisdiction, it
is the intent of the City Council that such portion of such
ordInance be se-rerable fro:n the renainder and that the
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re~alnder be given full force and effect.
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SECTION 8. ThlS ordinance shall take effect aLd
be In full force iFnediately after the passage and adoption
thereof and shall rerrain in effect until Septe~ber 10, 1980,
at which t~FLe it shall be of no further effect and shall
be cee~ed repealed.
SECTIO~ 9. T~e Mayo~ shall slgn and the City Clerk
shall attest to the passage of thlS ordinance. The Clty
Clerk shall cause the sane to be publls~ed once ln the
offlcial newspaper wlthin flfteen (15) days after its
a~option. The ordinance shall beco~e effective from and
after its adoption.
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(J1. PROVED AS TO 0/':, . ~
.u...d~~ y "r~~~nl
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~ 'S~;:pk,--" S Sta.,'(..
RICK~~D L~ ~~ICKE~BOC~R
City Attorney
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(
AnO?TED AND APPROVED THIS
14th
DAY
OF
April
) Jg5'J.
r'1A YOR
I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THE FOREGOING ORDINANCE)
No. 1154 ~ WAS DULY AND REGULARLY INTRODuCED AT A MEETING OF
THE CITY COUNCIL ON THE )ntn DAY OF
~lrlrrn
) 198D ; THAT
THE SAID ORDINANCE WAS THEREAFTER DULY ADOPTED AT A MEETING
OF THE CITY COUNCIL ON THE
14thDAY OF
April
J 1980
BY TH~ FOLLOWING COUNCIL VOTE:
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AYES:
CaUlK I U1Ej.tBERS :
Vannatta Goldway, Jennings, Reed,
Rhoden, Scott, van den Steenhoven,
Bar1brick
010'''''
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COUNe I U.1Er.1BERS:
None
ABSENT:
COUNe I !....j'v.:Er'~BERs:
None
ATTEST:
CITY CLERK
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PROOF OF PUBLICATION
(2015.5 c.c.P.l
STATt OF CALIFORNIA,
County of Los Angeles,
I am a citizen of the United States and a
resident of thE' County aforeSilld, I am over
the age of eiqhteen venrs, and not a party
or Interested In the above entitled matter
am tne prlnopal cterk of the pnnter of th
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