O2244f:\atty\muni\law\barry\Technical Code Update-City Council Final 11-13-072d
City Council Meeting 11-27-07 Santa Monica, California
ORDINANCE NUMBER 2244 (CCS)
(City Council Series)
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA
ADOPTING THE CALIFORNIA BUILDING STANDARDS CODE
AND THE SANTA MONICA AMENDMENTS
TO THE CALIFORNIA BUILDING STANDARDS CODE
WHEREAS, on October 8, 2002, the City Council adopted Ordinance Number 2054
(CCS), which adopted by reference certain Technical Codes, the Santa Monica local
amendments to these Technical Codes and the California Building Standards Code; and
WHEREAS, Health and Safety Code Section 18938 provides that the triennial
edition of the California Building Standards Code establishes building standards for all
occupancies throughout the State and requires that these standards incorporate the latest
editions of the Technical Codes with necessary California amendments; and
WHEREAS, on July 1, 2007, the State Building Standards Commission approved
and published the 2007 edition of the California Building Standards Code, which
incorporated the various editions of the Technical Codes by reference with necessary
California amendments; and
WHEREAS, Health and Safety Code Sections 18938 and 17958 make the California
Building Standards Code applicable to all cities and counties throughout California,
including the City of Santa Monica, 180 days after publication by the State Building
Standards Commission, which is January 1, 2008, and
WHEREAS, Health and Safety Code Section 18941.5 provides that the City may
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establish more restrictive building standards if they are reasonably necessary due to local
climatic, geological or topographical conditions; and
WHEREAS, the City Council has considered the 2007 edition of the California
Building Standards Code, which incorporates by reference the various editions of the
Technical Codes, and all of the referenced standards, tables, matrices and appendices of
each of these codes therein; and
WHEREAS, based upon the findings contained in the Resolution adopted
concurrently with this Ordinance, the City Council has found that certain modifications and
additions to the California Building Standards Code are reasonably necessary based upon
local climatic, topographical and geological conditions;
NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA
DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. Section 8.08.100 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby
amended as follows:
8.08.100 Special Inspections
(a) Exception For One And Two Family Dwelling Units Modify
Section 1704.1 of the California Building Code by deleting Exception 3.
(b) Concrete Footings for Low Rise Buildings. Modify Exception
No. 1 of Section 1704.4 of the California Building Code as follows:
Exception: Special inspections shall not be required for:
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1. Isolated spread concrete footings of buildings three stories or less in
height that are fully supported on earth or rock, and the structural design of
the footing is based on a specified compressive strength, f'c, no greaterthan
2,500 psi (17.2 MPa), regardless ofthe compressive strength specified in the
construction documents or used in the footing construction.
SECTION 2: Section 8.08.120 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is
hereby amended to read as follows:
8.08.120 Structural Observation
(a) Structural Observer of Record. The owner shall employ the
engineer or architect responsible for the structural design, or another
registered engineer or architect designated by the engineer or architect
responsible for the structural design to perform structural observation as
defined in Section 202 of the Building Code and herein.
(b) When Required. Structural observation shall be required when one
of the following conditions exists:
(1) The structure is defined in Section 1604.5 of the Building Code as
Occupancy Category III or IV.
(2) The structure is required to comply with Section 403 of the Building
Code.
(3) The seismic load resisting system of the structure is constructed,
altered, retrofitted or repaired in accordance with a structural design provided
by a licensed architect or registered engineer.
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(4) When so designated by the architect or engineer of record.
(5) When the Building Officer specifically requires such observation.
(c) Preconstruction Meeting. The owner or owner's representative
shall coordinate and hold a preconstruction meeting between the engineer or
architect responsible forthe structural design, structural observer, contractor,
affected subcontractors and special inspectors. The structural observer shall
preside overthe meeting. The purpose of the meeting shall be to identify the
major structural elements and connections that affect the vertical and lateral
load systems of the structure and to review scheduling of the required
observations. A record of the meeting shall be included in the first
observation report submitted to the Building Officer.
(d) Duties of the Structural Observer. Observed deficiencies shall be
reported in writing to the owner's representative, special inspector, contractor
and the Building Officer. Upon the form prescribed by the Building Officer, the
structural observer shall submit to the Building Officer a written statement at
each significant construction stage stating that the site visit has been made
and identifying any reported deficiencies that, to the best of the structural
observer's knowledge, have not been resolved. A final report by the structural
observer, which accurately states that all observed deficiencies have been
resolved, is required before acceptance of the work by the Building Officer.
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SECTION 3. Chapter 8.12 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended
to read as follows:
8.12.010 Adoption.
That certain document entitled "California Building Code, 2007
Edition, which adopts by reference the International Building Code, 2006
Edition, as published by the California Building Standards Commission and
the International Code Council including "Seismic Hazard Maps," as
published by the United States Geological Survey, are hereby adopted with
the local amendments and provisions of this Chapter, and with Chapters
8.16, 8.20, 8.48 through 8.84 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code, as the
Building Code of the City of Santa Monica.
8.12.020 Local amendments to the California Building Code.
Notwithstanding any provisions of the California Building Code,
California Building Standards Code, State Housing Law or other codes
adopted by any Chapter in Article VIII of the Municipal Code to the contrary,
the following local amendments shall'apply.
8.12.030 Additional References
The following standards are hereby adopted by reference as
amendments to the California Building Code:
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All related design, material, testing and installation standards
referenced in the California Building Code, including ASCE 7-05, ACI 318-05,
ACt 530-05, 2005 NDS, AISC 360-05, AISC 341-05 and AISC 358-05.
8.12.040 Essential facilities.
The following facilities are designated as essential facilities, which
are necessary for emergency operations subsequent to a natural disaster:
police stations, fire stations and City Hall.
8.12.050 Supplemental land hazard zone requirements.
In addition to those areas recognized under the State Seismic
Hazards Mapping Act, certain portions of the City are hereby established as
Seismic Hazard Zones and Geologic Hazard Zones. Said zones shall be
known as outlined, illustrated and designated in the Safety Element of the
General Plan on the Districting Maps. Said maps together with all legends,
indices and explanatory notes thereon are hereby made a part of these
codes. It is further provided that adjustments and changes may be made
hereafter in the boundaries of said zones by the Building Officerto implement
the Safety Element of the General Plan as additional geologic or subgrade
data is made public
For the purposes of these codes, all construction within the scope
of these codes that is within a Land Hazard Zone shall be subject to special
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design requirements, which are necessary to effect the stated purpose of
these codes. Special design requirements shall conform to the guidelines of
the California Department of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology.
8.12.060 Guardrails for openable windows.
Guardrails shall be provided at openable windows whose sill height
is thirty inches or more above grade and less than thirty-six inches above the
finished floor in residential occupancies and forty-two inches above finished
floor in other occupancies.
8.12.070 Fire Retardant Roofing.
All roofs shall be Class A or B roofing assemblies in accordance with
the Building Code. The use of non-fire-retardant wood shingles or
non-fire-retardant shakes for new or replacement roofing is prohibited.
SECTION 4. Chapter 8.16 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is
hereby amended to read as follows:
Chapter 8.16 Supplemental Structural Provisions
8.16.010 Application.
Notwithstanding any provisions of the California Building Code or
other codes adopted by any Chapter in Article VIII of this Code to the
contrary, the local amendments in this Chapter shall apply.
8.16.020 General Structural Design Provisions.
(a) Tilt up Systems Modify section 12.2.1 of ASCE 7 by adding the
following:
12.2.1.1 Determination of Seismic Force-Resisting Systems for Tilt-up
building. Tilt-up buildings bearing wall system and building frame system
shall be classified as reinforced concrete structural wall system. Only special
reinforced concrete structural walls shall be permitted in Seismic Design
Categories D, E and F.
(b) Re-entrant Corners Modify section 12.12.4 of ASCE 7 by adding
the following:
12.12.4.1 Re-entrant Corners. For buildings with re-entrant corners
the return walls shall be considered for deformation compatibility with the
diaphragm and shall be either seismically isolated from the diaphragm or
attached by a connection of sufficient capacity to integrate their load into the
diaphragm.
(c) Minimum Base Shear Revise equation 12.8-5 of ASCE 7 as
follows:
CS = 0.044Spsl ? 0.01
(d) P-Delta Effects Revise equation 12.8 -16 of ASCE 7 as follows:
8 _ px0 1
VxhsxCd
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(e) Subdiaphragm Design Modify section 12.11.2.2.3 of ASCE 7 by
adding the following paragraph:
The spacing of continuous ties shall not exceed 40 feet. Added chords
of diaphragms may be used to form subdiaphragms to transmit the
anchorage forces to the main continuous crossties. The maximum diaphragm
shear used to determine the depth of the subdiaphragm shall not exceed
75% of the allowable diaphragm shear value.
(f) Building Separations Delete section 12.12.3 of ASCE 7 and
replace as follows:
12.12.3 Building Separations. All structures or portions of structures
shall be sufficiehtly separated to allow for the maximum inelastic response
displacement (SM) with consideration for both translational and rotational
displacements using Smax, which is the maximum deflection at level x at the
location considered.
_ Cdsmax
~/y 1
(Equation 16-45)
Adjacent structures on the same property shall be separated by at
least a distance SMr
S,,~r = .V (SM ~ )Z + (SM Z )z (Equation 16-46)
where SMi and SMZ are the maximum inelastic response displacements of
adjacent structures. When a structure adjoins a property line not common to
the public way, that structure shall also be set back from the property line by
at least the dimension SM.
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(g) Vertical combination of lateral force resisting systems Modify
ASCE 7 Section 12.2.3.1 Exception 3 to read as follows:
3. Detached one and two family dwellings up to two stories of light
frame construction.
(h) Buckling Restrained Braced Frame System. Modify item on line
4 of ASCE 7 Table 12.8-2 as follows:
Structure Type C. x
Eccentrically braced steel frames and buckling-restrained braced frames 0.03 0.75
(i) Assumption of Flexible Diaphragm. Modify section 1613.6.1 of
the California Building Code by adding an exception to condition No. 4 as
follows:
Exception: For buildings two stories or less in height with diaphragm
constructed of wood structural panels, the cantilevered portion is permitted to
be idealized as flexible, provided the length of the overhang does not exceed
15 percent of the dimension between the lateral force resisting lines of
resistance adjacent to the cantilevered portion in the direction considered.
Nor shall the overhang dimension exceed 25 percent of the width of the
diaphragm, where the width is the dimension perpendicularto the direction of
applied lateral force.
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8.16.030 Foundations.
(a) General. Modify section 1805.1 of the California Building Code as
follows:
1805.1 General. The top surface of footings shall be level. The bottom
surface of footings is permitted to have a slope not exceeding one unit
RECOhL~O:ND: a > b
652'0"
a
MIN. N4 REBAA (TOP & BOTTOhp
PLATE (ll £J
...... ....... . GRADE
vertical in 10 units horizontal (10-percent slope). Footings shall be stepped
where it is necessary to change the elevation of the top surface of the footing
or where the surface of the ground slopes more than one unit vertical in 10
units horizontal (10-percent slope). This stepping requirement shall also
apply to the top surface of grade beams supporting walls. Footings shall be
reinforced with minimum of four '/2-inch diameter (12.7 mm) deformed
reinforcing bars. Two bars shall be place at the top and bottom of the
footings as shown in Figure 1805.1 of this code.
Figure 1805.1
(b) Footing for Interior Bearing Walls. Modify Table 1805.4.2 of the
California Building Code by deleting footnote c.
(c) Wood and Timber Footing. Delete sections 1805.4.5 and
1805.4.6 of the California Building Code in their entirety.
(d) Delete section 1805.5 ofthe California Building Code in its entirety
and replace with the following:
1805.5 Foundation Walls Concrete and masonry foundation walls
exceeding eighteen (18) inches in height shall be designed in accordance
with chapter 19 or 21 of the California Building Code, respectively.
1805.5.1 Foundation Wall Drainage Foundation walls shall be
designed to support the weight of the full hydrostatic pressure of unretained
backfill unless a drainage system in accordance with sections 1807.4.2 and
1807.4.3 is installed.
8.16.40 Concrete
(a) Structural Plain (Unreinforced) Concrete
Delete sections 1908.1.14, 1908.1.15 of the California Building Code
in their entirety and delete 1909 and replace with following:
1909.1 Scope. Plaih concrete shall not be used other than as fill. The
minimum specified compression strength of concrete used as fill shall be
1,500 psi (10.3 MPa) at 28 days.
(b) Concrete Special Moment Frame Column Confinement
(1) Modify ACI 318 section 21.4.4.1 by adding a new item as follows:
21.4.4.1 (f) Where the calculated point of contraflexure is not within
the middle half of the member clear height, provide transverse reinforcement
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as specified in ACI 318 Sections 21.4.4.1, Items (a) through (c), over the full
height of the member
(2) Modify ACI 318 by adding Section 21.4.4.7 as follows:
21.4.4.7 - At any section where the design strength, cpPn, of the
column is less than the sum of the shears Ve computed in accordance with
ACI 318 Sections 21.3.4.1 and 21.4.5.1 for all the beams framing into the
column above the level under consideration, transverse reinforcement as
specified in ACI 318 Sections 21.4.4.1 through 21.4.4.3 shall be provided.
For beams framing into opposite sides of the column, the moment
components may be assumed to be of opposite sign. For the determination
of the design strength, cpPn, of the column, these moments may be assumed
to result from the deformation of the frame in any one principal axis.
(c) Special Reinforced Concrete Wall Capacity
(1) Modify ACI 318 by adding Section 21.7.4.6 as follows:
21.7.4.6 -Walls and portions of walls with Pu > 0.35Po shall not be
considered to contribute to the calculated strength of the structure for
resisting earthquake-induced forces. Such walls shall conform to the
requirements of ACI 318 Section 21.11.
(d) Reinforced Concrete Diaphragms
(4) Modify ACI 318 section 21.9.4 by adding the following:
21.9.4.1 Collector and boundary elements in topping slabs placed over
precast floor and roof elements shall not be less than 3 inches (76 mm) or 6
db thick, where db is the diameter of the largest reinforcement in the topping
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slab.
(e) Tilt Up Buildings
Modify section 1908.1.4 of the California Building Code as follows:
21.2.1.4 -For structures assigned to Seismic Design Category D, E or
F, special moment frames, special reinforced concrete structural walls,
diaphragms and trusses and foundations complying with 21.2 through 21.10
shall be used to resist forces induced by earthquake motions. Members not
proportioned to resist earthquake forces shall comply with 21.11.
(f) Deflection of Slender Walls
(1) Modify equation (14-7) ofACl 318 Section 14.8.3 as follows:
I~, shall be calculated by Equation (14-7), and Ma shall be obtained by
iteration of deflections.
E P h z l c3
I" = ES A,. + 2d ~d -c~ + w3 (14-7)
fY
and the value E~/Ec shall not be taken less than 6.
(2) Modify ACI 318 Sec, 14.8.4 as follows:
14.8.4 -Maximum out-of-plane deflection, 45, due to service loads,
including P4 effects, shall not exceed 1/150.
If Ma, maximum moment at mid-height of wall due to service lateral
and eccentric loads, including P^ effects, exceed (2/3)M~~, 45 shall be
calculated by Equation (14-8):
14
0 _z~ +Ms-3M~r 0 -z4
s } cr ~ _ 2 ~ ~ n 3 cr ~ (14-8)
rc 3 cr
where:
0 _ SM~rI~ and 4 - SMrcI~
" 48E~I~, 48E~I~r
If Ma does not exceed (2/3)M~,, OS shall be calculated by Equation (14-
4s = ~ M° Ids 1( 4-9)
Mcr JJ
8.16.050 Concrete and Masonry Chimneys
(a) Alteration and Repair Standards. Section 3403 of the California
Building Code is amended by adding thereto as follows:
3403.5 For the purpose of altering or repairing masonry and/or
concrete chimneys, when the cumulative fair market value of the cost to alter
or repair an existing masonry or concrete chimney, within the preceding 12-
month period, exceeds 10 percent of the fair market value of its replacement
cost, the entire chimney structure and its anchorage to the structure shall
comply with the current requirements of this code.
(b) Reinforcing And Seismic Anchorage. Sections 2111 and 2113 of
the California Building Code are amended to read as follows:
Every element of a masonry or concrete chimney, flue, fireplace, or
barbeque-that extends 6 feet (1829 mm) or more above grade or that is part
of a building and all masonry veneer that extends more than 5 feet above
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adjacent grade shall be designed in accordance with Chapters 16, 18, 19,
21and 22 and shall be reinforced in accordance with the requirements of
Sections 2101 through 2108 of the California Building Code.
8.16.060 Steel Construction.
Special Concentrically Braced Frames (SCBF)
Modify AISC 341 Part I, section 13.2 Members by adding a new
section as follows:
13.2f. Member Types The use of rectangular HSS are not permitted
for bracing members, unless filled solid with cement grout having a minimum
compressive strength of 2,500 psi at 28 days. The effects of composite action
in the filled composite brace shall be considered in the sectional properties of
the system where it results in the more severe loading condition or detailing.
18.16.070 Wood Construction.
(a) Retaining Walls. Section 2304.11.7 of the California Building
Code is deleted in its entirety.
(b) Hold-down Connectors. Modify section 2305.3.7 ofthe California
Building Code by inserting a new section 2305.3.7.1
2305.3.7.1 Hold-down connectors shall be designed to resist shear
wall overturning moments using approved cyclic load values or 75 percent of
the allowable earthquake load values that do not consider cyclic loading of
the product. Connector bolts into wood posts require steel plate washers on
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the post on the opposite side of anchorage device. Plates shall be 2'/~ x 2'/z x
'/4 for bolts up to 5/8" in diameter and 3x3x3/8 for larger bolts.
(c) Shear Walls and Diaphragms.
(1) Plaster and Gypsum Shear Walls.
Shear capacities for walls sheathed with lath, plaster or gypsum board
shall be in accordance with Table 2306.4.5 and shear walls sheathed with
lath, plaster or gypsum board shall be constructed in accordance with
Section 2306.4.5.1 of the building code. Walls resisting seismic loads shall
be subject to the limitations in Section 12.2.1 ofASCE 7. The allowable shear
values shown in Table 2306.4.5 for materials in category 1 are limited to 90
pound perfoot (1.31 kN/m); material in category 2 through 4 are limited to 30
pounds per foot (438 N/m).
(2) Shear Wall Capacity. Modify section 2306.4.1 of the California
Building Code as follows:
2306.4.1. Wood structural panel shear walls. The allowable shear
capacities for wood structural panel shear walls shall be in accordance with
Table 2306.4.1. These capacities are permitted to be increased 40 percent
for wind design. No increase for 16 inch on center stud spacing shall be
allowed as indicated in footnote d of Table 2306.4.1 Values for wood shear
walls constructed with staples shall be reduced by 25%.
For shear walls constructed with wood structural panels of 3-ply
construction, the maximum allowable shear shall be limited to 200 pounds
per foot. No value shall be given for wood structural sheathing applied over
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gypsum or plaster sheathing.
(3) Construction. Section 2305.3.3 of the California Building Code is
modified as follows:
2305.3.3 Construction. Wood shearwalls shall be constructed of wood
structural panels manufactured with exterior glue and not less than 4 feet by
8 feet (1219 mm by 2438 mm), except at boundaries and at changes in
framing. All edges of all panels shall be supported by and fastened to framing
members or blocking. Wood structural panel thickness for shear walls shall
not be less than 3/8 inch thick and studs shall not be spaced at more than 16
inches on center.
(4) Fasteners. Fasteners for wood structural panel sheathing on
shear walls and diaphragms shall be common nails with full heads unless
otherwise approved. Mechanically driven common nails may be used when
the fastener meets the same tolerances for head, shank and length allowed
in ASTM 1667 for hand-driven nails.
Nails shall be placed a minimum of Yz inch from the panel edges-and a
minimum of '/2 inch from the edge of the connecting members for shear
greater than 300 pounds per foot.
(5) Limits on Rotation of Diaphragms. Except as permitted below,
lumber and wood structural panel diaphragms shall not be considered as
transmitting lateral forces by rotation.
Transfer of lateral forces by rotation will be permitted for one-story,
detached residential garages or similar Group U, Division 1wood-framed
is
structures with a maximum depth normal to the open side of 25 feet and a
maximum width of 25 feet provided the diaphragm is not constructed of
straight sheathing.
(d) Conventional Light Frame Construction.
(1) Number of stories. Modify section 2308 of the California Building
Code as follows:
2308.12.1 Number of stories. Structures of conventional light-frame
construction shall not exceed one story in height in Seismic Design Category
D or f.
(2) Braced Wall Line Support. Modify section 2308.3.4 of the
California Building Code as follows:
2308.3.4 Braced wall line support. Braced wall lines shall be
supported by continuous foundations.
(3) Braced Wall Line Sheathing. Modify footnotes b and c of Table
2308.12.4 of the California Building Code as follows:
(b) G-P =gypsum board, lath and plaster or gypsumsheathing boards
attached to studs at maximum 16 inches on center; S-W =wood structural
panels of minimum 15/32 inch thickness attached to studs at maximum 16
inches on center.
(c) Nailing as specified below shall occur at all panel edges at studs,
at top and bottom plates and, where occurring, at blocking:
For''/2-inch gypsum board, 5d (0.113 inch diameter) cooler nails at 7
inches on center;
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For 5/8-inch gypsum board, No. 11 gage (0.120 inch diameter) at 7
inches on center;
For gypsum sheathing board, 1'/4 inches long by 7/16-inch head,
diamond point galvanized nails at 4 inches on center;
Forgypsum lath, No. 13 gage (0.092 inch) by 11/8 inches long, 19/64-
inch head, plasterboard at 5 inches on center;
For Portland cement plaster, No. 11 gage (0.120 inch) by 1'/inches
long, 7/16- inch head at 6 inches on center;
For S-W sheathing shall be nailed with 10d common nails, at 6:6:12.
(4) Braced Wall Line Attachment. Modify section 2308.12.5 of the
California Building Code as follows:
2308.12.5 Attachment of sheathing. Fastening of braced wall panel
sheathing shall not be less than that prescribed in Table 2308.12.4 or
2304.9.1. Wall sheathing shall not be attached to framing members by
adhesives.
All braced wall panels shall extend to the roof sheathing and shall be
attached to parallel roof rafters or blocking above with framing clips (18
gauge minimum) spaced at maximum 24 inches (6096 mm) on center with
four 8d common nails per leg (total eight 8d common nails per clip). Braced
wall panels shall be laterally braced at each top corner and at maximum 24
inch (6096 mm) intervals along the top plate of discontinuous vertical
framing.
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Section 5. Chapter 8.20 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended to
read as follows:
8.20.010 Application.
Notwithstanding any provisions of the California Building Code, the
local amendments in this Chapter shall apply to the design and construction
of all hillside buildings as defined herein.
8.20.020 Purpose.
The purpose of this Section is to establish minimum regulations for
the design and construction of new buildings and additions to existing
buildings when constructing such buildings on or into slopes steeper than
three horizontal to one vertical. These regulations establish minimum
standards for seismic force resistance to reduce the risk of injury or loss of
life in the event of earthquakes.
8.20.030 Scope.
The provisions of this Section shall apply to the design of the lateral
force resisting system for hillside buildings at and below the base level
diaphragm. The design. of the lateral force resisting system above the base
level diaphragm shall be in accordance with the provisions for seismic and
wind design as required elsewhere in this Chapter and the California Building
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Code as amended by the City of Santa Monica.
Non-habitable accessory buildings and decks not supporting or
supported from the main building are exempt from these regulations.
8.20.040 Definitions.
For the purposes of this Chapter certain terms are defined as
follows:
Base level diaphragm is the floor at, or closest to, the top of the
highest level of the foundation.
Diaphragm anchors are assemblies that connect a diaphragm to
the adjaceht foundation at the uphill diaphragm edge.
Downhill direction is the descending direction of the slope
approximately perpendicular to the slope contours.
Foundation is concrete or masonry which supports a building,
including footings, stem walls, retaining walls, and grade beams.
Foundation extending in the downhill direction is a foundation
running downhill and approximately perpendicular to the uphill foundation.
Hillside building is any wood frame building or portion thereof
constructed on or into a slope steeper than three horizontal to one vertical. If
only a portion of the building is supported on or into the slope, these
regulations apply to the entire building.
Primary anchors are diaphragm anchors designed for and
providing a direct connection between the diaphragm and the uphill
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foundation as described in Sections 8.20.050(c) and 8.20.050(e)(3).
Secondary anchors are diaphragm anchors designed for .and
providing a redundant diaphragm to foundation connection, as described in
Sections 8.20.050(d) and 8.20.050(e)(4).
Wood frame building is any building whose basic structural
system is a bearing wall system and whose lateral-force-resisting system is
mostly light framed walls with shear panels but may also consist, in lesser
part, of braced frames, moment frames or cantilevered column elements.
Uphill diaphragm edge is the edge ofthe diaphragm adjacent and
closest to the highest ground level at the perimeter of the diaphragm.
Uphill foundation is the foundation parallel and closest to the
uphill diaphragm edge.
8.20.050 Analysis and design.
(a) General. Every hillside building within the scope of this
Section shall be analyzed, designed, and constructed in accordance with the
provisions of this Chapter. When the code-prescribed wind design produces
greater effects, the wind design shall govern, but detailing requirements and
limitations prescribed in this and referenced Sections shall be followed.
(b) Base Level Diaphragm-Downhill Direction. The following
provisions shall apply to the seismic analysis and design of the connections
for the base level diaphragm in the downhill direction.
(1) Base for Lateral Force Design Defined. For seismic forces
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acting in the downhill direction, the base of the building shall be the floorat or
closest to the top of the highest level of the foundation.
(2) Base Shear. In developing the base shearfor seismic design,
the lateral-force-resisting system factor (R) shall not exceed 4.5 for bearing
wall and building frame systems. The total base shear shall include the
forces tributary to the base level diaphragm including forces from the base
level diaphragm.
(c) Base Shear Resistance-Primary Anchors.
(1) General. The base shear in the downhill direction shall be
resisted through primary anchors from diaphragm struts provided in the base
level diaphragm to the foundation.
(2) Location of Primary Anchors. A primary anchor and
diaphragm strut shall be provided in line with each foundation extending in
the downhill direction. Primary anchors and diaphragm struts shall also be
provided where interior vertical lateral force resisting elements occur above
and in contact with the base level diaphragm. The spacing of primary
anchors and diaphragm struts or collectors shall in no case exceed thirty feet.
(3) Design of Primary Anchors and Diaphragm Struts. Primary
anchors and diaphragm struts shall be designed in accordance with the
requirements of Section 8.20.050(f).
(4) Limitations. The following lateral force resisting elements
shall not be designed to resist seismic forces below the base level diaphragm
in the downhill direction:
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(A) Wood structural panel wall sheathing.
(B) Cement plaster and lath..
(C) Gypsum wallboard.
(D) Tension only braced frames.
Braced frames designed in accordance with the requirements of
Chapter 22 of the California Building Code as amended herein may be used
to transfer forces from the primary anchors and diaphragm struts to the
foundation, provided lateral forces do not induce flexural stresses in any
member of the frame or in the diaphragm struts. Deflections of frames shall
accountfor the variation in slope of diagonal members when the frame is not
rectangular.
(d) Base Shear Resistance-Secondary Anchors.
(1) General. In addition to the primary anchors required by
Section 8.20.050(c), the base shear in the downhill direction shall be resisted
through secondary anchors in the uphill foundation connected to diaphragm
struts in the base level diaphragm.
Exception: Secondary anchors are not required where foundations
extending in the downhill direction spaced at not more than thirty feet on
center, extend up to and are directly connected to the base level diaphragm
for at least seventy percent of the diaphragm depth.
(2) Secondary Anchor Capacity and Spacing. Secondary
anchors at the base level diaphragm shall be designed for a minimum force
equal to the base shear, including forces tributary to the base level
25
diaphragm, but not less than six hundred pounds per lineal foot at allowable
loading. The secondary anchors shall be uniformly distributed along the uphill
diaphragm edge and shall be spaced a maximum of four feet on center.
(3) Design. Secondary anchors and diaphragm struts shall be
designed in accordance with Section 8.20.050(f).
(e) Diaphragms Below the Base Level-Downhill Direction.
The following provisions shall apply to the lateral analysis and design of the
connections for all diaphragms below the base level diaphragm in the
downhill direction.
(1) Diaphragm Defined. For the purposes of this Section, every
floor level below the base level diaphragm shall be designed as a diaphragm.
(2) Design Force. Each diaphragm below the base level
diaphragm shall be designed for all tributary loads at that level using a
minimum seismic force factor not less than the base shear coefficient.
(3) Design Force Resistance-Primary Anchors. The design
force described above shall be resisted through primary anchors from
diaphragm struts provided in each diaphragm to the foundation. Primary
anchors shall be provided and designed in accordance with the requirements
and limitations of Section 8.20.050(c).
(4) Design Force Resistance-Secondary Anchors.
(A) General. In addition to the primary anchors required above,
the design force in the downhill direction shall be resisted through secondary
anchors in the uphill foundation connected to diaphragm struts in each
26
diaphragm below the base level.
Exception: Secondary anchors are not required where foundations
extending in the downhill direction, spaced at not more than thirty feet on
center, extend up to and are directly connected to each diaphragm below the
base level for at least seventy percent of the diaphragm depth.
(B) Secondary Anchor Capacity. Secondary anchors at each
diaphragm below the base level diaphragm shall be designed for a minimum
force equal to the design force but not less than three hundred pounds per
lineal foot at allowable loading. The secondary anchors shall be uniformly
distributed along the uphill diaphragm edge and shall be spaced a maximum
of four feet on center.
(C) Design. Secondary anchors and diaphragm struts shall be
designed in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter.
(f) Primary and Secondary Anchorage and Diaphragm Strut
Design. Primary and secondary anchors and diaphragm struts shall be
designed in accordance with the following provisions:
(1) Fasteners. All bolted fasteners used to develop connections
to wood members shall be provided with square plate washers at all bolt
heads and nuts. Washers shall be a minimum ofthree-sixteenths inch thick
and two inches square for one-half inch diameter bolts and one-fourth inch
thick and two and one-half inches square for five-eighths inch diameter or
larger bolts. Nuts shall be wrench-tightened prior to covering.
27
(2) Anchorage. The diaphragm to foundation anchorage shall not
be accomplished by the use of toe nailing, nails subject to withdrawal, or
wood in cross grain bending or cross grain tension.
(3) Size of Wood Members. Wood diaphragm struts, collectors,
and other wood members connected to primary anchors shall not be less
than normal 3-by members. The effects of eccentricity on wood members
shall be evaluated as required per Item 9 below.
(4) Design. Primary and secondary anchorage, including
diaphragm struts, splices, and collectors shall be designed for one hundred
twenty-five percent of the tributary force.
(5) Allowable Stress Increase. The one-third allowable stress
ihcrease permitted under Section 1612.3.2 shall not be taken when the
working (allowable) stress design method is used.
(6) Seismic Load Factor. The seismic load factor shall be 1.7 for
steel and concrete anchorage when the strength design method is used.
(7) Primary Anchors. The load path for primary anchors and
diaphragm struts shall be fully developed into the diaphragm and into the
foundation. The foundation must be shown to be adequate to resist the
concentrated loads from the primary anchors.
(8) Secondary Anchors. The load path for secondary anchors
and diaphragm struts shall be fully developed in the diaphragm but need not
be developed beyond the connection to the foundation.
(9) Symmetry. All lateral force foundation anchorage and
zs
diaphragm strut connections shall be symmetrical. Eccentric connections
may be permitted when demonstrated by calculation or tests that all
components of force have been provided for in the structural analysis or
tests.
(10) Wood Ledgers. Wood ledgers shall not be used to resist
cross-grain bending or cross-grain tension.
(g) Lateral Force Resisting Elements Normal to the Downhill
Direction.
(1) General. Seismic force resisting elements, acting normal to
the downhill direction, shall be designed in accordance with the requirements
of this Section.
(2) Base Shear. In developing the base shearfor seismic design,
the structural system factor (R) shall not exceed 4.5 for bearing wall and
building frame systems.
(3) Vertical Distribution of Seismic Forces. For seismic forces
acting normal to the downhill direction, the distribution of seismic forces over
the height of the building, using Section 12.8.3 of ASCE 7, shall be
determined using the height measured from the top of the lowest level of the
building foundation to the top of the utmost roof diaphragm.
(4) Drift Limitations. The story drift under allowable loading
below the base level diaphragm shall not exceed 0.005 times the story
height. The total drift from the base level diaphragm to the top of the
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foundation shall not exceed three-fourths inch. Where the story height orthe
height from the base level diaphragm to the top of the foundation varies
because of a stepped footing or story offset, the height shall be measured
from the average height of the top of the foundation. The story drift shall not
be reduced by the effect of horizontal diaphragm stiffness.
Where Code-prescribed wind forces govern the design of the
lateral force resisting system normal to the downhill direction, the drift
limitation shall be 0.0025 for the story drift and the total drift from the base
level diaphragm to the top of the foundation may exceed three-fourths inch
when approved by the Building Officer. In no case, however, shall the drift
limitations for seismic forces be exceeded.
(5) Distribution of Lateral Forces.
(A) General. The design lateral force shall be distributed to lateral
force resisting elements of varying heights in accordance with the stiffness of
each individual element.
(B) Wood Structural Panel Sheathed Walls. The stiffness of a
stepped wood structural panel shearwall may be determined by dividing the
wall into adjacent rectangular elements, subject to the same top of wall
deflection. Deflections of shear walls shall be determined as per the Building
Code. Sheathing and fastening requirements for the stiffest section shall be
used for the entire wall. Each section of wall shall be anchored for shear and
uplift at each step. The minimum horizontal length of a step shall be eight
feet and the maximum vertical height of a step shall be two feet, eight inches.
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(C) Reinforced Concrete or Masonry Shear Walls. Reinforced
concrete or masonry shear walls shall have forces distributed in proportion to
the rigidity of each section of the wall.
(D) Limitations. The following lateral force resisting elements
shall not be designed to resist lateral forces below the base level diaphragm
in the direction normal to the downhill direction:
(i) Cement plaster and lath.
(ii) Gypsum wallboard.
(iii) Tension only braced frames.
Braced frames designed in accordance with the requirements of
the California Building Code as amended by the City of Santa Monica maybe
designed as lateral force resisting elements in the direction normal to the
downhill direction provided lateral forces do not induce flexural stresses in
any member of the frame. Deflections of frames shall account for the
variation in slope of diagonal members when the frame is not rectangular.
(h) Specific Design Provisions.
(1) Footings and Grade Beams. All footings and grade beams
shall comply with the following:
(A) Grade beams shall extend at least twelve inches below the
lowest adjacent grade and provide a minimum twenty-four-inch distance
horizontally from the bottom outside face of the grade beam to the face of the
descending slope.
(B) Continuous footings shall be reinforced with at least two one-
31
half inch nominal diameter steel reinforcing bars at the top and two at the
bottom:
(C) All main footing and grade beam reinforcement steel shall be
bent into the intersecting footing and fully developed around each corner and
intersection.
(D) All concrete stem walls shall extend from the foundation and
shall be reinforced as required for concrete or masonry walls.
(2) Protection Against Decay and Termites. All wood to earth
separation shall comply with the following:
(A) Where a footing or grade beam extends across a descending
slope, the stem wall, grade beam, or footing shall extend up to a minimum of
eighteen inches above the highest adjacent grade.
Exception: At paved garage and doorway entrances to the
building, the stem wall need only extend to .the finished concrete slab,
provided the wood framing is protected with a moisture proof barrier.
(B) Wood ledgers supporting a vertical load of more than one
hundred pounds per lineal foot and located within forty-eight inches of
adjacent grade are prohibited. Galvanized steel ledgers and anchor bolts,
with or without wood Hailers, or treated or decay resistant sill plates
supported on a concrete or masonry seat, may be used.
(3) Sill Plates. All sill plates and anchorage shall comply with the
following:
(A) All wood framed walls, including nonbearing walls, when
32
resting on a footing, foundation, or grade beam stem wall, shall be supported
on wood sill plates bearing on a level surface.
(B) Power driven fasteners shall not be used to anchor sill plates
except at interior nonbearing walls not designed as shear walls.
(4) Column Base Plate Anchorage. The base of isolated wood
posts that supports a vertical load of four thousand pounds or more and the
base plate for a steel column shall comply with the following:
(A) When the post or column is supported on a pedestal extending
above the top of a footing or grade beam, the pedestal shall be designed and
reinforced as required for concrete or masonry columns. The pedestal shall
be reinforced with a minimum of four one-half-inch nominal diameter steel
reinforcing bars extending to the bottom of the footing or grade beam. The
top of exterior pedestals shall be sloped for positive drainage.
(B) The base plate anchor bolts or the embedded portion of the
post base, and the vertical reinforcing bars for the pedestal, shall be confined
with two one-half-inch nominal diameter steel reinforcing bars or three three-
eighths inch nominal diameter steel reinforcing bar ties within the top five
inches of the concrete or masonry pedestal. The base plate anchor bolts
shall be embedded a minimum of twenty bolt diameters into the concrete or
masonry pedestal. The base plate anchor bolts and post bases shall be
galvanized and each anchor bolt shall have at least two galvanized nuts
above the base plate.
(5) Steel Beam to Column Supports. All steel beam to column
33
supports shall be positively braced in each direction. Steel beams shall have
stiffener plates installed on each side of the beam web at the column. The
stiffener plates shall be welded to .each beam flange-and the beam web.
Each brace connection or structural member shall consist of at leasttwo five-
eighths inch diameter machine bolts.
(i) Special Inspections. In addition to the provisions of Item 11
of Section 1701.5 of the California Building Code, special inspection shall be
provided for connecting grade beams and tie beams and the placement of all
primary and secondary anchors.
Section 6. Chapter 8.24 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended to
read as follows:
8.24.010 Adoption
That certain document entitled "California Electrical Code, 2007
Edition," as published by the California Building Standards Commission and
the National Fire Protection Association, which adopts by reference the
National Electrical Code, 2005 Edition, and the local amendments of this
Chapter, is hereby adopted as the Electrical Code of the City of Santa
Monica.
8.24.020 Local amendments to the California Electrical Code.
Notwithstanding any provisions of the California Electrical Code, or
34
other codes adopted by any Chapter in Article VIII of the Municipal Code to
the contrary, the following local amendments shall apply.
8.24.030 Wiring.
(a) Wiring methods permitted by the California Electrical Code
may be installed provided that any wiring not having metal protection overthe
conductors shall be entirely concealed within the building structure to prevent
and inhibit tampering.
(b) Conductors for general wiring made of aluminum alloys
containing more than fifty percent aluminum base metal shall not be
permitted in diameters smaller than No. 6.
(c) Nonmetallic sheathed cable may only be used in single and
multifamily dwellings not exceeding three floors above grade.
8.24.040 Electrical appliances, devices, materials and equipment
regulations.
(a) Use of Approved Materials. No person, firm or corporation
shall use any electrical material, device, appliance orequipment, designed or
intended for attachment, directly or indirectly, to any electrical system, circuit
or electrical service for light, heat or power in the City unless such electrical
material, device, appliance or equipment complies with the provisions of this
Chapter. The Building Officer is hereby empowered to enforce the provisions
35
of this Chapter.
(b) Rating. All electrical materials, devices, appliances, or
equipment designed or intended for attachment, directly or indirectly, to any
electrical system, circuit or electrical service for light, heat or power, shall be
only those that conform with the requirements of this Chapter. Each such
article shall bear or contain the makers name, trademark or identification
symbol, together with such rating by the manufacturer as may be necessary
to determine the intended use. The correct operating voltage, amperage and
total watts shall be stated and no person shall remove, alter, deface or
obliterate any such marking.
(c) Approvals. All electrical materials, devices, appliances, or
equipment covered by and intended to be regulated by this Chapter shall
conform to the published National Safety Standards for such materials,
devices, appliances or equipment on file in the office of the United States
Bureau of Standards. Copies of these standards are on file in the office of the
Building Officer and shall be open to inspection by the public. Listing or
labeling by the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., or other recognized testing
laboratory whose standards are on file with the United States Bureau of
Standards shall be prima facie evidence of conformity with these required
standards. Where no such standards existfor any material, device, appliance
or equipment, the Building Officer may designate a standard for each article
submitted, which shall specify the tests necessary to provide the degree of
safety to life and property as is generally required by the National Standards
36
for approved materials, devices, appliances and equipment of similar or
related character or nature.
(d) Revocation. Any approval granted by the Building Officer may
be revoked if the electrical material, device, appliance, or equipment is found
to be hazardous, unsuitable for the purpose used or intended, or does not
conform with the standards under which it was approved for use.
(e) Exceptions. The provisions of this Chapter shall not be
deemed to apply to:
(1) Safe, substantial, used or second-hand devices or appliances,
provided that all parts or equipments used in rebuilding or reconstruction
shall conform in all particulars with the National Standards for such article,
and provided further, that such articles shall have the same degree of safety
to life and property as may then be required in a new article ofthe same type.
(2) Electrical materials, devices, appliances and equipmentwhich
are safe and suitable for the purpose used or intended, provided such
materials, devices, appliances and equipment are already fully covered and
regulated by existing laws and ordinances now in effect.
(3) Vehicles or motor vehicle equipment.
(4) Industrial or commercial appliances which are to be used in a
specific location, and which have been submitted to a recognized laboratory
for approval as conforming to the standards required hereof but on which
final approval is still pending; provided, however, that exemption from the
provisions of this Code shall be granted separately for each appliance only
37
when satisfactory written evidence has been filed that laboratory approval
has been applied for, and shall continue in force only during such time as the
Building Officer has reason to believe that the testing laboratory will grant
final approval certifying compliance to the prescribed standards.
(5) Generating, transforming or converting devices or appliances,
nor any device or appliance for measuring or recording current voltage or
power.
8.24.050 Used materials.
Previously used materials shall not be re-used in any work without
the advance approval of the Building Officer.
8.24.060 Temporary service poles and associated feeder poles.
(a) The minimum size of a wood pole used to support service
equipment, distribution equipment and/or conductors shall be six inches by
six inches (nominal) it square, or have a top diameter of at least five inches if
round, and be of sufficient length to maintain all required overhead
clearances as specified in the California Electrical Code, Section 225-18, but
in any case, shall not be less than twenty feet long. The lower end shall be
embedded not less than fourfeet in the ground. An approved self-supporting
pole of a material other than wood, if of equivalent strength, may be used.
See electrical service requirements of the serving agency or serving utility for
poles exceeding more than sixteen feet above grade.
38
Exception: Afour-inch by four-inch (nominal) wood pole, or
equivalent, embedded four feet in the ground, shall be permitted for
distribution poles used to supporttemporarywiring for otherthan construction
power in conformance with Article 305 of the California Electrical Code and
located in areas accessible to pedestrians only.
(b) Provisions for Temporary Services.
(1) Service Equipment. The service equipment including meter
enclosures shall be properly identified for the intended use.
(2) Wiring Methods. Raceways on temporary service poles shall
be rigid metal conduit, electrical metallic tubing or schedule 80 rigid
nonmetallic conduit. The raceways shall be supported at intervals not to
exceed three feet. Metallic raceways shall be enclosed by wood molding or
nonmetallic conduit not less than eight feet below the service head.
(3) Protective Wood Block. Afour-inch by four-inch protective
wood block shall be through-bolted to wooden poles immediately above
metallic service heads or open non-insulated grounded conductors. The
block shall be placed in aone-half-inch gain on round wood poles.
(4) Receptacle Outlets. 120-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-
ampere receptacle outlets shall have ground-fault interrupters for personnel
protection. Receptacles of different voltage and current ratings shall not be
interchangeable.
See the California Electrical Code, Article 240 for Overcurrent
39
Protection of Conductors and Article 250 for Grounding and Bonding
requirements.
If a made pipe or rod electrode is used for grounding, it shall be
driven at least eight feet into the earth and spaced at least eighteen inches
from the pole.
8.24.070 Underground concrete vaults and handholes.
(a) Scope. The following requirements apply to the use of
specially constructed underground concrete vaults and to handholes.
(b) Definitions.
(1) Vault. A chamber in an uhderground conduit distribution
system containing sufficient working space and an entrance for personnel.
(2) Handhole. A chamber smaller than a vault in an underground
conduit distribution system having a removable cover and used in lieu of a
listed pull box.
(c) Concrete Vault Provisions.
(1) The inside dimensions of an underground concrete vault shall
be not less than four feet in width and four feet in length.
(2) The inside height shall be not less than five feet between the
floor and the top or ceiling.
(3) Circular access openings shall be not less than twenty-six
inches in diameter and rectangular access openings shall be not less than
twenty-four inches by twenty-six inches.
40
(4) Vaults shall be installed only in permanently accessible
locations outside of buildings.
(5) Where exposed to vehicular traffic, the enclosures and their
related covers shall be designed for that purpose.
(6) Where subject to inundation or exposure to the elements,
covers shall be suitably sealed.
(7) Conduits shall enter the vault in a manner consistent with the
type of wiring method used in accordance with the following:
(A) Conduits shall enter the enclosure through the walls and be
terminated in a manner that provides suitable protection for the type of wiring
method used.
(B) Conduits entering the enclosure walls shall terminate not less
than two inches from the bottom or one foot from the top.
(C) Direct burial conductors shall enter the enclosure by means of
conduit nipples which shall be suitably sealed.
(8) Suitable wall supports or racks shall be provided to secure
open conductors in a fixed position two inches or more above the floor.
(9) Walls and floors shall be made of concrete having a minimum
thickness of six inches. Ceilings shall be made of concrete having a minimum
thickness of eight inches. Vault dimensions shall be not less than set forth in
Article 370 of the California Electrical Code.
(10) Exposed noncurrent-carrying metal parts of equipment,
conductor supports or racks, conduits and other metal appurtenances,
41
including any metal cover and its supporting ring, shall be bonded together
and connected to a common ground. The size of the grounding means shall
be as prescribed in Section 250-95 of the California Electrical Code. Where
the run is exposed, the grounding conductor shall be not smaller than # 8
AWG.
(d) Handholes Provisions. Except as modified by this
subsection, the provisions of subsections (c)(4) through (c)(10) for vaults
shall apply to handholes.
(1) The handhold shall be so designed that the conductors may
be pulled, spliced or otherwise handled without requiring a person to enter
the enclosure.
(2) The minimum depth of handholes shall be eighteen inches and
the width shall not be less than half the depth. Handholes shall not exceed
three foot in depth from finish grade to the bottom of the handhold.
(3) Covers for handholes shall be full opening, made of carbon
steel floor plate or equivalent, and shall have a minimum thickness of one-
quarter-inch, except when they are subjected to vehicular traffic.
(e) Prefabricated concrete boxes and their covers that are
designed for the purpose of handholes, having dimensions less than setforth
in subsections (c) and (d) of this Section, may be used as vaults and
handholes where specifically approved by the Building and Safety Division.
42
8.24.080 Solar photovoltaic systems-Disconnecting means for
multiple arrays.
Where more than one array is combined to form a single output
rated more than fifty volts and/or ten amperes, a disconnecting means rated
for the output shall be installed immediately adjacent to the combiner box on
the output side unless the combiner box is located adjacent to the inverter(s).
Section 7. Chapter 8.28 of Santa Monica Municipal Code is amended to read as
follows:
Chapter 8.28 Mechanical Code.
8.28.010 Adoption.
That certain document entitled "California Mechanical Code, 2007
Edition," published by the California Building Standards Commission and the
International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, except
Chapter 1-Administration, which adopts by referencethe Uniform Mechanical
Code, 2006 Edition, are hereby adopted, as the Mechanical Code of the City
of Santa Monica.
SECTION 8. Chapter 8.32 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended
to read as follows:
43
8.32.010 Adoption.
That certain document entitled "California Plumbing Code, 2007
Edition," as published by the California Building Standards Commission and
the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, which
incorporates by reference the Uniform Plumbing Code, 2006 Edition and the
local amendments of this Chapter, are hereby adopted as the Plumbing Code
of the City of Santa Monica.
8.32.020 Local amendments to the California Plumbing Code.
Notwithstanding any provisions of the California Plumbing Code or
other codes adopted by any Chapter in Article VIII of the Municipal Code to
the contrary, the following local amendments shall apply.
8.32.030 Water heater enclosures.
Water heaters shall be installed in child-proof enclosures when
located in a residential garage.
8.32.040 Water softener using dry wells for discharge.
Water softener systems using dry wells for the discharge of
effluents are prohibited, except for systems with regeneration cycles
discharging quantities of total dissolved solids that do not exceed those
stipulated in the water quality objectives set by the Regional Water Quality
Control Board.
44
8.32.050 Combined storm drains and sewers.
The sanitary and storm drain system of a building shall be entirely
separate.
8.32.060 Non-water-using urinals as plumbing fixtures.
(a) Purpose. This Section is intended to promote the efficient use
of water as a natural resource and reduce the local need for reliance on
imported water for daily consumption.
(b) Scope. Notwithstanding any California Plumbing Code
requirements to the contrary, this Section establishes voluntary standards for
the use of non-water-using urinals as plumbing fixtures in all occupancies
and types of construction throughout the City.
(c) Definitions.
"Non-water-using urinals" are urinal plumbing fixtures designed to
receive and convey only liquid waste (urine) through a trap seal and into the
gravity drainage system without the use of water for such function.
(d) Material Standards. Fixtures shall be manufactured in
compliance with the requirements for ASME A112.19.2M-1998, American
National Standard for Vitreous China Plumbing Fixtures, American Society of
Mechanical Engineers orANSI 2124.9-1994, American National Standard for
Plastic Urinal Fixtures, American National Standards Institute. Fixtures shall
be permanently marked with the manufacturer's name and model number or
45
description.
(e) Testing and Listing Requirements. Testing laboratories and
test reports shall comply with ICC Acceptance Criteria for Test Reports
(AC85) and Section 4.2 of the ICC-ES Rules of Procedure for Evaluation
Reports. Reports of tests showing conformance of the units to the material
standards shall be submitted for approval by an approved testing agency.
Evaluation shall use the ICC Evaluation Guideline EG267, Evaluation
Guideline for Non-water-using Urinals Used as Plumbing fixtures, effective
September 1, 2004 for review criteria.
Non-water-using urinals approved under an ICC Evaluation
Service, Inc (ICC-ES) evaluation report shall be considered to comply with
the requirements of this subsection.
(e) Installation and Maintenance. Fixtures shall be installed and
maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, any
recognized listing or approval requirements and all other applicable
provisions of the California Plumbing and California Building Code. Potable
water supply shall be provided but not connected to each fixture location. The
owner of the building shall provide and maintain a maintenance log near the
fixture that records the frequency of seal and trap replacements. Such
maintenance log shall be available during operating hours for inspection by
the Building Officer.
SECTION 9. Section 8.36.010 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is amended to
46
read as follows:
8.36.010 Adoption.
That certain document entitled 2007 Building Energy Efficiency
Standards-Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings" which
incorporates Part 6 of Title 24 and Article 1 of Part 1 of the California Code of
Regulations, as published by the California Building Standards Commission
and the California Energy Commission is hereby adopted as the Energy
Code of Santa Monica, subject to the provisions of Chapter 8.108 Green
Building Design and Construction Standards.
SECTION 10. Chapter 8.40 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended
to read as follows:
Chapter 8.40 FIRE CODE
8.40.010 Adoption.
The City of Santa Monica adopts Title 24, Part 9 of the
California Code of .Regulations, known as the California Fire Code, 2007
Edition, with errata. The City amends the provisions of the California Fire
Code to include: the requirements of the International Fire Code, 2006
Edition, for those occupancies not subject to the California Fire Code, the
47
local amendments of this Chapter, and Chapter 8.44. As adopted and
amended herein, the California Fire Code becomes the Fire Code of the City
of Santa Monica.
8.40.020 Local amendments to the California Fire Code.
In addition to the California Fire Code 2007 edition published by
the International Code Council and the California Building Standards
Commission with errata, together with the requirements of the International
Fire Code, 2006 Edition, for those occupancies not subject to the California
Fire Code, the City also adopts Appendix Chapter 1 (as amended herein),
Appendix B, and Appendix D of the California Fire Code, the most recent
referenced version as adopted by the State of California of the "National Fire
Codes" published by the National Fire Protection Association, and the local
amendments of this Chapter and Chapter 8.44 as part of the Fire Code of the
City of Santa Monica.
(a) Amendment to Section 105 Permits. Appendix Chapter 1,
Section 105 Permits of the California Fire Code is amended to read in its
entirety as follows:
105.6 Required operational permits. The Fire Chief is authorized to
issue operational permits for the operations set forth in Appendix Chapter 1,
Sections 105.6.1 through 105.6.46.
48
105.6.1 Aerosol products. An operational permit is required to
manufacture, store or handle an aggregate quantity of Level 2 or Level 3
aerosol products in excess of 500 pounds (227 kg) net weight.
105.6.2 Amusement buildings. An operational permit is
required to operate a special amusement building.
105.6.3 Asbestos removal. To conduct asbestos removal
operations contact the Santa Monica Building and Safety Department for
appropriate permits.
Assembly. See "places of assembly."
105.6.4 Automobile wrecking yard. To operate an automobile
wrecking yard
105.6.5 Aviation facilities. An operational permit is required to
use a Group H or Group S occupancy for aircraft servicing or repair and
aircraft fuel-servicing vehicles. Additional permits required by other sections
of this code include, but are not limited to, hot work, hazardous materials and
flammable or combustible finishes.
105.6.6 Battery Systems. To install or operate stationary lead-
acid battery systems having a liquid capacity of more than 100 gallons (378.5
L)
49
105.6.7 Carnivals and fairs. An operational permit is required to
conduct a carnival or fair.
105.6.8 Cellulose nitrate film. An operational permit is required
to store, handle, or use cellulose nitrate film in a Group A occupancy.
105.6.9 Christmas tree lots. To operate a Christmas tree lot.
105.6.10 Combustible dust-producing operations. An
operational permit is required to operate a grain elevator, flour starch mill,
feed mill, or a plant pulverizing aluminum, coal, cocoa, magnesium, spices or
sugar, or other operations producing combustible dusts as defined in Chapter
2.
105.6.11 Combustible fibers. An operational permit is required
for the storage and handling of combustible fibers in quantities greater than
100 cubic feet(2.8 m3).
Exception: A permit is not required for agricultural storage.
105.6.12 Combustible material storage. To store more than
2500 cubic feet (70.8m3) gross volume of combustible empty packing cases,
boxes, barrels or similar containers or rubber or cork, or other similarly
combustible material.
105.6.13 Commercial rubbish-handling operation. To operate a
commercial rubbish-handling operation.
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105.6.14 Compressed gases. An operational permit is required
for the storage, use or handling at normal temperature and pressure (NTP) of
compressed gases in excess of the amounts listed in Appendix Chapter 1,
Table 105.6.8.
Exception: Vehicles equipped for and using compressed gas as a
fuel for propelling the vehicle.
105.6.15 Covered mall buildings. An operational permit is
required for:
1. The placement of retail fixtures and displays, concession
equipment, displays of highly combustible goods and similar items in the
mall
2. The display of liquid- or gas-fired equipment in the mall.
105.6.16 Cryogenic fluids. An operational permit is required to
produce, store, transport on site, use, handle or dispense cryogenic fluids in
excess of the amounts listed in Appendix Chapter 1, Table 105.6.10.
Exception: Permits are not required for vehicles equipped for and
using cryogenic fluids as a fuel for propelling the vehicle or for refrigerating
the lading.
105.6.17 Cutting and welding. An operational permit is required
to conduct cutting or welding operations within the jurisdiction.
51
105.6.18 Day care, (Group E, Div. 3). To operate any
nonresidential building used for day care purposes for more than six
children/persons or any residential building used for day care for more than
14 persons.
105.6.19 Day care, large family, (Group R, Div. 3) To operate a
home-owner operated residence as a large family day care home for nine to
14 persons, for periods less than 24 hours per day.
105.6.20 Dry cleaning plants. An operational permit is required
to engage in the business of dry cleaning or to change to a more hazardous
cleaning solvent used in existing dry cleaning equipment.
105.6.21 Dust-producing operations. To operate a grain
elevator, flour starch mill, feed mill, or plant pulverizing aluminum, coal,
cocoa, magnesium, spices or sugar, or other operation producing
combustible dusts.
105.6.22 Exhibits and trade shows. An operational permit is
required to operate exhibits and trade shows.
105.6.23 Explosives. An operational permit is required for the
manufacture, storage, handling, sale or use of any quantity of explosives,
explosive materials, fireworks or pyrotechnic special effects within the scope
of Chapter 33.
52
Exception: Storage in Group R-3 occupancies of smokeless
propellant, black powder and small arms primers for personal use, not for
resale and in accordance with Section 3306.
105.6.24 Group E, Div. 1 and 2. To use any building for private
educational purposes through the 12`h grade.
105.6.25 Fire hydrants and valves. An operational permit is
required to use or operate fire hydrants or valves intended for fire
suppression purposes which are installed on water systems and accessible
to a fire apparatus access road that is open to or generally used by the
public.
Exception: A permit is not required for authorized employees of the
water company that supplies the system or the fire department to use or
operate fire hydrants or valves.
105.6.26 Fireworks. For permits for fireworks.
105.6.27 Fire Protection Systems. To install, alter or modify any
fire protection system.
105.6.28 Flammable and combustible liquids. An operational
permit is required:
1. To use or operate a pipeline for the transportation within facilities
of flammable or combustible liquids. This requirement shall not apply to the
53
off-site transportation in pipelines regulated by the Department of
Transportation (DOT) nor does it apply to piping systems.
2. To store, handle or use Class I liquids in excess of 5 gallons (19 L)
in a building or in excess of 10 gallons (37.9 L) outside of a building, except
that a permit is not required for the following:
2.1. The storage or use of Class I liquids in the fuel tank of a
motor vehicle, aircraft, motorboat, mobile power plant or mobile heating plant,
unless such storage, in the opinion of the code official, would cause an
unsafe condition.
2.2. The storage or use of paints, oils, varnishes or similar
flammable mixtures when such liquids are stored for maintenance, painting
or similar purposes for a period of not more than 30 days.
3. To store, handle or use Class II or Class IIIA liquids in excess of
25 gallons (95L) in a building, except for fuel oil used in connection with oil-
burning equipment.
4. To remove Class I or Class I I liquids from an underground storage
tank used for fueling motor vehicles by any means other than the approved,
stationary on-site pumps normally used for dispensing purposes.
5. To operate tank vehicles, equipment, tanks, plants, terminals,
wells, fuel-dispensing stations, refineries, distilleries and similar facilities
54
where flammable and combustible liquids are produced, processes,
transported, stored, dispensed or used.
6. To place temporarily out of service (for more than 90 days) an
underground, protected above-ground or above-ground flammable or
combustible liquid tank.
7. To change the type of content stored in a flammable or
combustible liquid tank to a material which poses a greater hazard than that
for which the tank was designed and constructed.
8. To manufacture, process, blend or refine flammable or
combustible liquids.
9. To engage in the dispensing of liquid fuels into the fuel tanks of
motor vehicles at commercial, industrial, governmental or manufacturing
establishments.
10. To utilize a site for the dispensing of liquid fuels from tank vehicles
into the fuel tanks of motor vehicles at commercial, industrial, governmental
or manufacturing establishments.
105.6.29 Floor finishing. An operational permit is required for
floorfinishing or surfacing operation exceeding 350 square feet (33 m2) using
Class I or Class II liquids.
55
105.6.30 Fruit and crop ripening. An operational permit is
required to operate a fruit-, orcrop-ripening facility orconduct afruit-ripening
process using ethylene gas.
105.6.31 Fumigation and thermal insecticidal fogging. An
operational permit is required to operate a business of fumigation or thermal
insecticidal fogging and to maintain a room, vault or chamber in which a toxic
or flammable fumigant is used.
105.6.32 General Use. When in the opinion of the Fire Chief a
permit is required for an activity, use or process that is not covered by any
other permit.
105.6.33 Hazardous materials. An operational permit is required
to store, transport on site, dispense, use or handle hazardous materials in
excess of the amounts listed in Table 105.6.20.
..105.6.34 HPM facilities. An operational permit is required to
store, handle or use hazardous production materials.
105.6.35 High-.piled storage. An operational permit is required to
use a building or portion thereof as a high-piled storage area exceeding 500
square feet (46 m2).
105.6.36 Hot work operations. An operational permit is required
for hot work including, but not limited to:
56
1. Public exhibitions and demonstrations where hot work is
conducted.
2. Use of portable hot work equipment inside a structure.
Exception: Work that is conducted under a construction permit:
3. Fixed-site hot work equipment such as welding booths.
4. Hot work conducted within a hazardous fire area.
5. Application of roof covering with the use of an open-flame
device.
6. When approved, the Fire Chief shall issue a permit to carry out
a Hot Work Program. This program allows approved personnel to regulate
their facility's hot work operations. The approved personnel shall be trained
in the fire safety aspects denoted in this chapter and shall be responsible for
issuing permits requiring compliance with the requirements found in Chapter
26. These permits shall be issued only to their employees or hot work
operations under their supervision.
105.6.37 Industrial ovens. An operational permit is required for
operation of industrial ovens regulated by Chapter 21.
105.6.38 To operate or conduct a business which is classified by
the California Building Code as follows:
s~
105.6.38.1 Group I-1. This occupancy shall include buildings,
structures or parts thereof housing clients, on a 24-hour basis, who because
of age, mental disability or other reasons, live. in a supervised residential
environment that provides personal care services.
This occupancy many contain more than six nonambulatory
and/or bedridden clients (See Section 425, Special Provisions For Licensed
24-Hour Care Facilities in a Group I-1, R-3.1, or R-4 Occupancy).
Assisted living facilities such as: Residential Care Facilities,
Residential Care Facilities for the Elderly (RCFE's), Adult Residential
Facilities, Congregate Living Health Facilities, Group homes, Residential
Care Facilities for the Chronically III, and Congregate Living Health Facilities
for the Terminally III.
Social rehabilitation facilities such as: Halfway houses,
Community Correctional Center, Community Correction Reentry Center,
Community Treatment Programs, Work Furlough Programs, and Alcoholism
or drug abuse recovery or treatment facilities.
105.6.38.2 Group I-2. This occupancy shall include buildings and
structures used for medical, surgical, psychiatric, nursing or custodial care on
a 24-hour basis for more than six persons who are classified as
nonambulatory orbedridden. This group shall include, but not limited to, the
following:
58
Hospitals
Nursing homes (both intermediate care facilities and skilled nursing
facilities)
Mental hospitals
Detoxification facilities
Child care facility. A child care facility that provides care on a 24-
hour basis to more than six children 2 '/z years of age or less shall be
classified as Group I-2.
105.6.38.2.1 Group I-2.1, ambulatory care facility. A healthcare
facility that receives persons for outpatient medical care that may render the
patient incapable of unassisted self-preservation. and where each tenant
space accommodates more than five such patients.
105.6.38.3 Group 1-3. This occupancy shall include building or
portions of buildings and structures that are inhabited by one or more
persons who are under restraint. An I-3 facility is occupied by persons who
are restrained. This group shall include, but not limited to, the following:
Prisons
Jails
Reformatories
Detention centers
Correctional centers
59
Juvenile Halls
Buildings of Group I-3 shall be classified as one of the
occupancy conditions indicated in Sections 308.4.1 through 308.4.5 (see
Section 408:1)
105.6.38.4 Group I-4, day care facilities. This group shall include
buildings and structures occupied by persons of any age who receive
custodial care for less than 24 hours by individuals other than parents or
guardians, relatives by blood, marriage or adoption and in a place otherthan
the home of the person cared for. A facility such as the above with six or
fewer persons shall be classified as a Group R-3. Places of worship during
religious functions are not included.
Adult care facility. A facility that provides accommodations for less
than 24 hours for more than six unrelated adults and provides supervision
and personal care services shall be classified as Group I-4.
Child care facility. A facility that provides supervision and personal
care on less than a 24-hour basis for more than six children 2'/z years of age
or less shall be classified as Group I-4.
Exception: A child day care facility that provides care for more than
six but no more than 100 children 2 Yz years or less of age, when the rooms
where such children are cared for are located on the level of exit discharge
60
and each of these child care rooms has an exit door directly to the exterior,
shall be classified as Group E.
105.6.39 Lumber yards and woodworking plants. An
operational permit is required for the storage or processing of lumber
exceeding 100,000 board feet (8, 333 ft3) (236 m3)
105.6.40 Liquid-or gas-fueled vehicles or equipment in
assembly buildings. An operational permit is required to display, operate or
demonstrate liquid- or gas-fueled vehicles or equipment in assembly
buildings.
105.6.41 LP-gas. An operational permit is required for:
1. Storage and use of LP-gas.
Exception: A permit is not required for individual containers with a
500-gallon (1893 L) water capacity or less serving occupancies in Group R-3.
2. Operation of cargo tanker that transport LP-gas.
105.6.42 Magnesium. An operational permit is required to melt,
cast, heat treat or grind more than 10 pounds (4.54 kg) or magnesium.
105.6.43 Mall, covered. To use a covered mall in the following
manner:
61
1. Placing or constructing temporary kiosks, displays booths,
concession equipment or the like in the mall.
2. To use a mall as a place of assembly.
3. To use open-flame orflame-producing devices.
4. To display any liquid- orgas-fueled powered equipment.
105.6.44 Miscellaneous combustible storage. An operational
permit is required to store in any building or upon any premises in excess of
2,500 cubic feet (71 m3) gross volume of combustible empty packing cases,
boxes, barrels or similar containers, rubber tires, rubber, cork or similar
combustible material.
105.6.45 Motor vehicle fuel-dispensing stations. To dispense
flammable or combustible liquids, liquefied petroleum gases or compressed
natural gas at motor vehicle fuel-dispensing stations.
105.6.46 Open burning. An operational permit is required forthe
kindling or maintaining of an open fire or a fire on any public street, alley,
road, or other public or private ground. Instructions and stipulations of the
permit shall be adhered to.
Exception: Recreational fires.
62
105.6.47 Open flames and torches. An operational permit is
required to remove paint with a torch; or to use a torch or open-flame device
in a hazardous fire area.
105.6.48 Open flames and candles. An operational permit is
required to use open flames or candle in connection with assembly areas,
dining areas of restaurant or drinking establishments.
105.6.49 Organic coatings. An operational permit is required for
any organic-coating manufacturing operation producing more than 1 gallon (4
L) of an organic coating in one day.
105.6.50. Ovens, industrial baking or drying. To operate an
industrial baking or drying oven
105.6.51 Parade floats. To use a parade float for public
performance, presentation, spectacle, entertainment or parade.
105.6.52 Places of assembly. An operational permit is required
to operate a place of assembly.
105.6.53 Private fire hydrants. An operational permit is required
for the removal from service, use or operation of private fire hydrants.
Exception: A permit is not required for private industry with trained
maintenance personnel, private fire brigade or fire departments to maintain,
test and use private hydrants.
63
105.6.54 Pyrotechnic special effects material. An operational
permit is required for use and handling of pyrotechnic special effects
material.
105.6.55 Pyroxylin plastics. An operational permit is required for
storage or handling of more than 25 pounds (11 kg) of cellulose nitrate
(pyroxylin) plastics and for the assembly or manufacture of articles involving
pyroxylin plastics.
105.6.56 Radioactive materials. To store or handle at any
installation more than 1 microcurie (37,000 becquerel) of radioactive material
not contained in a sealed source or more than 1 millicurie (37,000,000
becquerel) of radioactive material in a sealed source or sources, or any
amount of radioactive material for which a specific license from the Nuclear
Regulatory Commission is required.
105.6.57 Refrigeration equipment. An operational permit is
required to operate a mechanical refrigeration unit or system regulated by
Chapter 6.
105.6.58 Repair garages and motor fuel-dispensing facilities.
An operational permit is required for operation of repair garages and
automotive, marine and fleet motor fuel-dispensing facilities.
64
105.6.59 Residential Care Facility. To operate a Residential
Care Facility where no medical care is provided.
105.6.60 Rooftop helicopters. An operational permit is required
for the operation of a rooftop heliport.
105.6.61 Spraying or dipping. An operational permit is required
to conduct a spraying or dipping operation utilizing flammable or combustible
liquids or the application of combustible powders regulated by Chapter 15.
105.6.62 Storage of scrap tires and tire byproducts. An
operational permit is required to establish, conduct or maintain storage of
scrap tires and tire byproducts that exceeds 2,500 cubic feet (71 m3) of total
volume of scrap tires and for indoor storage of tires and tire byproducts.
105.6.63 Temporary membrane structures, tents, and
canopies. An operational permit is required to operate an air-supported
temporary membrane structure or a tent having an area in excess of 200
square feet (19 mz), or a canopy in excess of 400 square feet (37 m2).
Exceptions:
1. Tents used exclusively for recreational camping purposes.
2. Fabric canopies open on all sides which comply with all of the
following:
65
2.1. Individual canopies having a maximum size of 700 square
feet (65 mZ).
2.2. The aggregate area of multiple canopies placed side by side
without a fire break clearance of not less than 12 feet (3658 mm) shall not
exceed 700 square feet (65 mz) total:
2.3. A minimum clearance of 12 feet 93658 mm) to structures
and other tents shall be provided.
105.6.64 Tire-rebuilding plants. An operational permit is
required for the operation and maintenance of atire-rebuilding plant.
105.6.65 Tire storage. To use an open area or portion thereof to
store tires in excess of 1000 cubic feet (28.3m3)
105.6.66 Waste handling. An operational permit is required for
the operation of wrecking yards, junk yards and waste material-handling
facilities.
105.6.67 Wood products. An operational permit is required to
store chips, hogged material, lumber or plywood in excess of 200 cubic feet
(6 m3)•
105.6.68 Woodworking. To operate a business which conducts
woodworking, or operates as a cabinet shop or other. similar purposes.
66
(b) Chapter 5, Section 505.1 of the California Fire Code is amended
to read as follows:
Numbers shall be a minimum of 6 inches high for commercial
structures and 4 inches high for interior suites, offices, rooms etc. and one
and two family dwellings with a minimum stroke width of 0,5 inch. All
buildings shall display the assigned address number so as to be visible from
the street and alley upon which the address is based. Numbers shall be in
contrast to their background.
(c) Chapter 9, Section 901.10 and 901.11 of the California Fire Code
is added to read as follows:
901.10 Problematic systems and systems out of service. In the
event of a failure of afire-protection system or an excessive number of
accidental activations, the Fire Chief is authorized to require the building
owner or occupant to provide fire watch personnel until the system is
repaired. The chief is authorized to require the building owner or occupant
to provide a fire watch
901.11 Firewatch. The chief is authorized to require the building
owner or occupant to provide a fire watch with personnel acceptable to the
Fire Chief until documentation is provided that the system is repaired and is
67
operational. Such individuals shall be provided with at least one approved
means for notification of the fire department and their only duty shall be to
perform constant patrols of the protected premises and keep watch for fires.
(d) Chapter 33, Section 3309 of the California Fire Code is added to
read in its entirety as follows:
3309 Seizure of Fireworks. All fireworks shall be illegal in the City
of Santa Monica including California State Fire Marshal Safe and Sane.
The Fire Chief shall have the authority to seize, take and remove fireworks
and/or safe and sane fireworks stored, sold, offered for sale, used or
handled ih violation of the provisions of Title 19 CCR, Chapter 6 and
Health and Safety Code, Chapter 9. Exception: When permits are issued
for such use.
SECTION 11. Chapter 8.44 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is hereby amended
to read as follows:
8.44.010 Application.
Notwithstanding any provisions of the Uniform Building Code,
California Building Code, Uniform Fire Code, California Fire Code,
California Building Standards Code, State Housing Law or other codes
6s
adopted by any Chapter in Article VIII of the Municipal Code to the
contrary, the following local amendments shall apply.
8.44.020 Purpose.
The purpose of this Chapter is to promote public safety and
welfare by reducing the cumulative impact of certain individual
construction and building projects, each with an increased potential
demand on the rescue and fire suppression resources of the community.
The City Council establishes the policy of regulating both new and existing
buildings in this class by requiring approved automatic fire extinguishing
and detection systems, standpipes, fire resistive doors, and other
construction to be provided in these structures at the time of their
construction, conversion, alteration and maintenance so as to significantly
reduce the potential demand from simultaneous incidents on emergency
service resources.
8.44.030 Scope.
The provisions of this Chapter shall apply to all new and existing
buildings within the City, as indicated below. Structures for which a
building permit has been issued prior to November 1, 2002, shall be
69
considered as existing buildings.
8.44.040 Definitions.
For purposes of this Chapter, the following definitions shall
apply:
(a) "Full automatic fire sprinkler system" means a system
that meets the requirements of the Fire Code adopted by Chapter 8.40 of
the Municipal Code.
(b) "Automatic fire detection alarm system" means a
system that complies with Santa Monica Fire Department requirements
and is an approved arrangement of smoke, rate-of-rise, fixed temperature,
or any other detector, which is approved for the use intended. The system
shall alert all occupants of a building in case of fire and, when required by
the Fire Chief, notify the Fire Department through Central Station
Monitoring.
(c) "Fire alarm system" means a system or portion of a
system consisting of components and circuits arranged to monitor and
annunciate the status of a fire alarm or supervisory signal-initiating
devices and to initiate the appropriate response to those signals.
(d) "False alarm" means an activated fire alarm or fire alarm
~o
signal from any fire alarm system which is responded to by the Santa
Monica Fire Department but for which no emergency situation exists or
where there is no evidence to indicate that there was an emergency
situation as determined by the responding officer. False fire alarms, that
qualify under this section include:
(1) Alarm caused by improper installation or maintenance of
the fire alarm system. This includes missing backup batteries, loose
connections; poorly installed or mounted smoke detectors near air vent or
otherwise overly sensitive detection devices;
(2) Alarm caused by construction and/or demolition to the fire
alarm system;
(3) Alarm caused by construction-related activities such as dust
or painting operation;
(4) Alarms caused by problematic or out-of-service fire alarm
systems;
(5) Alarms caused by failure of providing proper notification to
the responsible parties (alarm company and fire dispatch) of a fire alarm
system in repair, test;
(6) Alarms caused by occupant or owner conducting a fire drill;
(7) Alarm caused by a burglar alarm reported as a fire alarm by
~~
an alarm company;
(8) Alarm for which there is no explanation. If a cause for the
alarm cannot be identified-no pull station activated, smoke was not
present, etc.-the alarm system will be assumed to have malfunctioned.
(e) "Fiscal year" means the period from and including July 1st
of any year to and including June 30th of the following year.
(f) "Owner" means any person who owns the premises in
which a fire alarm system is installed or the person or persons, who lease,
operate, occupy or manage the premises. The owner shall be responsible
for the activation of a fire alarm system. This includes all occupancy
classification as defined in the California Building and Fire Codes as
adopted by the City of Santa Monica.
(g) "Person" means any individual, or entity, as defined in
Section 1.12.150 of this Code.
8.44.050 Requirements for automatic fire extinguishing and
protection sprinkler systems.
(a) When Required. An approved automatic fire sprinkler
system shall be installed as set forth in this Chapter under the following
~z
conditions:
(1) In all newly constructed buildings, without regard to floor
area or fire walls except detached one-story two-car residential garages
(including minor accessory uses such as laundry areas or bathrooms
under one hundred square feet) provided that the new garage is located a
minimum of six feet away from any other building on the same lot.
(2) Throughout any existing building, when there is a change in
occupancy classification to a more hazardous division, as shown in Table
8.44-A or as determined by the Fire Chief, in thirty-three percent or more
of the existing building floor area within three calendar years.
TABLE 8.44 Al
DEGREE OF OCCUPANCY HAZARD
Rank OCCUPANCY CLASS
1. Groups E and
2. Groups A, Divisions 2 and 2.1
3. Group R, Division 1 and Group A, Division 3
4. Group H; Divisions 1, 2 and 6
5. Group H, Division 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8
6. Groups B, F, and M; Group S, Divisions 1 and 2
7. Group S, Divisions 3, 4 and 5
8. Group R, Division 3
9. Group U, Division 1
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1To use the table -Step 1. Find the existing occupancy
classification or division in the occupancy class column. Step 2. If the new
occupancy classification or division is ranked above the existing class,
then the entire building requires a full automatic fire sprinkler system.
(3) Throughout any existing building greater than one thousand
square feet, whenever more than fifty percent cumulative, of the existing
floor area, including mezzanines, is added to within three calendar years.
(4) Throughout any existing building one thousand square feet
or less, whenever more than seventy-five percent cumulative, of the
existing floor area, including mezzanines, is added within three calendar
years.
(5) Throughout any existing building greater than one thousand
square feet, whenever more than fifty percent of the interior and exterior
walls and ceilings are exposed.
(6) Throughout any existing building one thousand square feet
or less, whenever more than seventy-five percent of the interior and
exterior walls and ceilings are exposed.
(7) Throughout any existing building other than asingle-family
dwelling, whenever an additional story is added.
(8) Throughout any single-family dwelling greater than one
thousand square feet, whenever an additional story is added and the new
74
floor area for the additional story increases the existing floor area by more
than thirty-three and one-third percent.
(g) Throughout any single-family dwelling one thousand square
feet or less, whenever an additional story is added and the new floor area
for the additional story increases the existing floor area by more than fifty
percent.
(10) Throughout any existing building or structure determined to
be used primarily for public assembly more than five thousand square feet
in total floor area. This subsection shall not apply to buildings or structures
with an approved full automatic fire sprinkler system or to churches and
theaters with fixed seating.
(11) Throughout the entire floor of any existing non-residential
building equipped with a partial fire sprinkler system whenever more than
fifty percent of the floor space is altered or reconfigured.
(b) Exceptions. The requirements of subsection (a) of this
Section shall not apply to:
(1) Hospitals as defined in Health and Safety Code Section
1250;
(2) Buildings such as power plants, lookout towers, steeples,
grain houses, and similar structures with noncontinuous human
75
occupancy only when so determined by the Fire Chief;
(c) When a fire sprinkler system is required in any building that
does not have a designated occupant and use at the time fire sprinkler
plans are submitted for approval, the system shall be designed and
installed to deliver a minimum density of not less than that required for
Ordinary Hazard, Group 2, with a minimum design area of not less than
three thousand square feet.
When a subsequent change in occupancy classification requires
the fire sprinkler system to deliver a higher minimum density, it shall be
the responsibility of the building owner to upgrade the system to the
required density for the new use.
8.44.060 Enforcement.
When it is determined that a building does not comply with the
requirements of Section 8.44.050 of the Municipal Code, the owner shall
be served with a notice by registered or certified mail, return receipt
requested and the notice shall be deemed served on the date it is placed
in the United States Postal System. The notice shall specify the manner in
which the building fails to meet the minimum requirements of this Chapter.
It shall direct that plans be submitted to and that necessary permits be
obtained from the Fire Department not less than ninety days after the
service of the notice, and that corrections be completed not later than one
76
year after service of the notice.
8.44.070 Notice of noncompliance.
Any building or structure failing to meet the provisions of Section
8.44.050 of the Municipal Code shall be posted with a notice of
nonconformance. The notice shall be posted at the main entrance of the
structure or structures, or as close thereto as reasonably possible, until all
required work has been completed to the satisfaction of the Fire Chief.
8.44.080 Standards
The Fire Chief and Building Officer are jointly authorized to
promulgate standards regarding the installation and type of automatic fire
sprinkler systems required by Section 8.44.050 of the Municipal Code.
8.44.090 High-rise building requirements.
New buildings or structures housing any occupancy
classification having floors used for human occupancy more than fifty-five
feet above the lowest level of Fire Department vehicle access shall comply
with the high-rise building requirements contained in Section 403 of the
California Building Code, 2000 Edition.
~~
These requirements shall not apply to:
(1) Hospitals as defined in Health and Safety Code Section
1250.
(2) Buildings used exclusively as open parking garages.
(3) Buildings such as power plants, lookout towers, steeples,
grain houses, and similar structures with noncontinuous human
occupancy only when so determined by the Fire Chief.
(4) Buildings owned by any public agency or school district.
Any full automatic fire sprinkler system installed in any high-rise
building shall have two connections with control valves to independent
risers on each floor level, with each riser being of the size necessary to
supply the required water supply.
8.44.100 Smoke detectors-Existing residential occupancies.
(a) General. In every existing apartment, dwelling unit,
guestroom, one or two family dwelling or condominium, hotel or motel
room, smoke detectors shall be installed in accordance with the provisions
of this Section.
(b) Existing Group R occupancies. On or before July 1, 2001
approved and listed smoke detectors, which may be battery-powered,
~s
shall be installed and located in accordance with the California Fire Code.
(c) Residential occupancy remodels. Approved and listed
smoke detectors, which meet the provisions of the California Building
Code, shall be installed when any of the following occurs:
(1) addition of a story which increases total floor area by more
thirty-three and one-third percent; or
(2) more than fifty percent of the existing roof structure is
removed; or
(3) the floor area of an existing residence with a floor area of
one thousand square feet or less increases more than seventy-five
percent; or
(4) the floor area of an existing residence with a floor area of
more than one thousand square feet increases more than fifty percent.
(d) Transfer of Property. Prior to the sale or exchange of
residential buildings subject to Chapter 9.08 of this Municipal Code, the
seller shall certify, on the report of residential building record, that
approved and listed smoke detectors have been installed. Smoke
detectors, which may be battery-powered, shall be installed and located in
accordance with California Fire Code.
(e) Maintenance. Smoke detectors shall be maintained in an
79
operable condition at all times. Detectors shall be tested, maintained and
cleaned at least annually by the building owner. Proof of maintenance and
cleaning shall be maintained by the building owner for a minimum of five
years. New batteries shall be installed in smoke detectors annually or in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. When it is determined
that any installed smoke detector was manufactured more than ten years
prior to the effective date of this Chapter, it shall be replaced:
Exception: Single-family dwellings, which are owner occupied, do
not need to maintain a written record of proof of maintenance and
cleaning.
(f) Service. Smoke detectors shall be tested, cleaned, serviced,
and replaced as needed every five years by a licensed C-10 electrical/fire
alarm contractor. Written record of the service for each detector shall be
maintained by the building owner and shall be made available for review
by the Fire Department upon request. Written certification of the required
five-year service shall be submitted to the Fire Prevention Division of the
Fire Department.
Exception: Single-family dwellings, which are owner occupied, do
not need to maintain a written record.
(g) Hearing Impaired Occupants. In a dwelling unit occupied
by one or more hearing impaired persons, each smoke detector shall
so
cause the operation of approved notification appliances for the hearing
impaired. Visible notification appliances used in rooms where hearing
impaired persons"sleep shall have a minimum rating of 177 candela for a
maximum room size of fourteen feet by sixteen feet. For larger rooms, the
notification appliance shall be located within sixteen feet of where the
pillow is normally located. Wall mounted visual notification appliances
which are part of a smoke detector shall be located between four and
twelve inches below the ceiling measured to the top of the smoke
detector. Visual notification appliances in non-sleeping areas shall have a
minimum rating of 15 candela.
Exception: Where a visual notification appliance in a sleeping
room is mounted more than twenty-four inches below the ceiling, a
minimum rating of 110 candela shall be permitted. Since hearing deficits
are often not readily apparent, the responsibility to advise the property
owner or manager shall rest with the hearing impaired party. The
responsibility for compliance shall rest with the property owner or
manager.
8.44.110 Standards for fire protection systems.
(a) General. Fire protection systems shall conform to the
standards adopted by Chapter 8.40 of the Municipal Code and to
supplemental requirements of the Fire Chief.
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(b) System Monitoring. Alarm systems, required by Chapter
8.40 of the Muhicipal Code shall be monitored by an approved and listed
central station. Exception: Fire sprinkler systems containing less than one
hundred heads may be provided with a local alarm.
(c) Annunciation and Control. Extinguishing systems shall
include control valves and signaling devices to control and indicate system
operation by floors or other approved subdivisions. An approved
annunciator panel shall be provided in an approved location near the
principal entrance.
(d) Fire Department Connections and System Zones.
Systems shall be provided with listed Fire Department connections at
approved locations on public street frontages. Multiple exterior
connections and system zones shall be interconnected.
(e) Design, Approval, Acceptance, Testing and
Maintenance. Fire alarm systems shall be maintained in an operable
condition at all times. When required by the Fire Chief, an approved fire
watch shall be provided and maintained while a fire and life safety system
is inoperative or impaired. The fire watch shall be maintained until the
inoperative or impaired system is restored a fully operational condition and
a test is approved by the Fire Department.
(f) Approval, Acceptance, Testing of New Fire Alarm
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Systems. New fire alarm systems shall be designed, installed, tested and
maintained in accordance with the provisions of the National Fire Alarm
Code published by the National Fire Protection Association.
(g) Existing Fire Alarm Systems. Existing fire alarm systems
shall be tested and maintained in accordance with the provisions of the
National Fire Alarm Code.
8.44.120 Seismic protection of fire sprinkler systems.
(a) General. This Section shall be applicable to all existing
automatic fire sprinkler systems installed prior to January 1, 1996. At the
time of required five-year service, the seismic protection of all automatic
fire sprinkler systems shall be inspected in accordance with this Section.
The C-16 contractor performing the inspection shall prepare a written
notice of system deficiencies, which shall be submitted to the Fire
Prevention Division.
(b) Standard. Seismic protection shall comply with the 1996
Edition of NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Automatic Fire
Sprinkler Systems.
(c) Restricted Fasteners. Through bolts with washers and
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nuts shall be used to secure earthquake bracing in wood members. Lag
screws shall not be used to secure longitudinal bracing in wood members.
Powder-driven studs shall not be used to secure earthquake
bracing in concrete or masonry members. When it is determined that
powder-driven studs have been used, they shall be replaced with an
approved fastener.
(d) Suspended Ceilings. Ceilings shall be braced with splayed
seismic bracing wire.
(e) Unsupported Sprinklers. Sprinkler drops longer than eight
feet shall be braced with splayed seismic bracing wire.
(f) Armovers. Armovers used to position sprinkler heads in
ceilings shall be braced with splayed seismic bracing wire.
(g) Branch Lines. A listed wrap-around hanger shall be
installed on all branch lines within eighteen inches of the end.
(h) Unlisted Mechanical Couplings. All unlisted mechanical
couplings shall be replaced with approved and listed mechanical
couplings.
(i) Unbraced Systems. Listed bracing shall be installed in
accordance with NFPA 13, 1996 Edition.
Q) Threaded Pipe. All sprinkler systems shall use shop-
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welded branch lines. The branch lines shall be secured to cross-mains by
approved grooved mechanical fittings. Longitudinal and lateral bracing
shall be installed on feed mains, cross-mains and branch lines larger than
2.5 inches. Bracing shall be installed on smaller branch lines that could
strike light fixtures, building system components, and building structural
members.
(k) Threaded Pipe Sway Bracing. No thin wall pipe shall be
used for sway bracing. Pipe used shall be minimum Schedule 40.
(I) Retaining Straps. All C-clamp type hangers shall be
equipped with retaining straps.
(m) .Notification and Enforcement. Notification, enforcement
and compliance shall be in accordance with Sections 8.44.060 and
8.44.070 of the Municipal Code. When it is determined that an existing
automatic fire sprinkler system does not meet the minimum standard, the
building owner shall be notified in accordance with this subsection.
8.44.130 Plans and specifications.
Prior to installation of any automatic fire extinguishing, life safety
or fire protection system required by this Chapter, the Fire Chief shall
approve the plans and specifications for the system.
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8.44.140 Fire alarm requirements.
(a) False Alarm Reports Required. A report shall be
generated by the Santa Monica Fire Department responding fire
companies as deemed necessary by the Fire Marshal: The report shall
include whether or not the alarm was a "false alarm" as defined in Section
8.44.140(d) of this Code.
(b) Fire Alarm Requirements.
(1) Every person owning or maintaining a fire alarm system
shall post a notice containing the name and telephone number of the
persons at which they may be reached at any time of the day or night to
be notified to render repairs or services when the fire alarm is activated.
Such notice shall be posted near the fire alarm panel and or the remote
annunciator panel in such a position so alto be legible.
(2) The owner or the owners' representative of any fire alarm
system shall be responsible for deactivating any alarm within one hour
after notification or after reasonable efforts have been made to notify the
owner or owners' representative that such alarm has been activated and is
ringing. The ringing of an alarm for a period in excess of one hour after
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such notification or efforts of notification have been made is hereby
declared to be a public nuisance and subject to misdemeanor prosecution
or summary abatement.
8.44.150 Fees for excessive false alarm responses-Annual
adjustment.
The following response fees shall be levied and paid by the
responsible party (owner or lessee) of a location that includes a fire alarm
system. The fees are based on the total number of false alarms, as
defined in Section 8.44.040, which generate a fire company's response to
the location during the same fiscal year.
No response fees shall be charged for the first and second false
alarm responses to a location during the same fiscal year. Based on the
costs associated with the Fire Department's emergency response to a
false alarm, a fee set by resolution of the City Council shall be charged for
the third false alarm response and each subsequent false alarm response
made to a location during the same fiscal year. The Fire Chief shall cause
to be issued a monthly bill for the unpaid service charges accrued during
the billing period and any prior periods. Such bill shall be due and payable
within fifteen days after the billing date.
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All remedies shall be cumulative, and the use of one or more
.remedies by the City shall not bar the use of any other remedy for the
purpose of enforcing the provisions of this Chapter. The amount of any
service charge shall be deemed a debt to the City. An action may be
commenced in the name of the City in any court of competent jurisdiction
for the amount of any delinquent debt thirty days after it becomes due and
payable. Payment of any service charge shall not prohibit criminal
prosecution for the violation of any of the provisions of this Chapter.
A location with a fire alarm system that generates more than five
false alarm responses during a single fiscal year may be declared a public
nuisance and the owners as defined in Section 844.140 (d) shall be
prosecuted.
8.44.160 Penalty.
A penalty of ten percent shall be added to the fees required by
Section 8.44.150 in connection with any fees that are not paid in the time
and manner required by Section 8.44.150.
SECTION 12. Chapter 8.52 of the Santa Municipal Code is hereby
amended to read as follows:
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8.52.010 Fencing regulations.
(a) Standards for New Enclosures. Every person, firm or
corporation owning land on which there is situated a swimming pool, pond,
or other body of water which contains water eighteen inches or more in
depth at any point shall completely surround such body of water or
property with a fence, wall or other structure not less than five feet above
the adjacent grade at all places and with no opening therein more than
four inches in maximum dimensions. Any gate in such fence shall have a
latch at least five feet above the underlying ground and such gate shall be
self-closing and secured when adults are not present.
(b) Existing Enclosures. Every person, firm or corporation
owning land on which there is situated a swimming pool, pond, or other
body of water which contains water eighteen inches or more in depth at
any point shall completely surround such body of water or property with a
fence, wall or other structure not less than four and one-half feet above
the adjacent grade at all places and with no opening therein more than
four inches in maximum dimensions. Any gate in such fence shall have a
latch at least four and one-half feet above the underlying ground and such
gate shall be self-closing and secured when adults are not present.
For the purposes of this Section, existing enclosures are those
enclosures that were constructed under valid permit issued prior to July 1,
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1999.
(c) Requirements for Nonconforming Enclosures. When an
existing pool enclosure is replaced or repaired in excess of fifty percent of
its length, the enclosure shall be made to conform to all of the
requirements for a new enclosure under prevailing law.
(d) Applicability of Other Codes and Laws. The provisions of
this Section are in addition to the pool enclosure requirements for public or
private pools as required in Chapter 31 B of the California Building code,
2007 Edition.
When conflicting provisions or requirements occur between the
provisions of this Section, the Technical Codes, and other codes or laws,
the most restrictive provisions or requirements shall govern.
8.52.020 Pool water clarity.
The re-circulation and purification system of any swimming pool,
fish pond, or any other body of water shall be operated and maintained so
as to keep the water in such pool or other body of water clean and of
reasonable clarity.
The following standards shall be used to define reasonable
clarity of the water in such pool, pond or body of water:
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A painted black disk, six inches in diameter on atwelve-inch by
twelve-inch white tile, placed at the bottom of the pool at its deepest point,
shall be clearly visible from the sidewalks around the pool from all
distances up to ten yards from such disk, or the water shall be determined
to not be of reasonable clarity.
SECTION 13. Section 8.108.030 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code is
hereby adopted to read as follows:
8.108.030 Use of recycled construction materials.
All new buildings subject to the provisions of the Chapter shall
be built with a minimum of four major construction materials that have a
post-consumer recycled content that meets the Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) recycled content guidelines as set forth in the
Comprehensive Guideline for Procurement of Products Containing
Recovered Materials (CPG) and the Recovered Materials Advisory
Notices (40 CFR Part 247), or any successor publication. Building and
Safety Division shall maintain copies of the most recent guidelines issued
by the EPA. "Major construction materials" are those materials that serve
a structural, partitioning or finishing function throughout the building or
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cover more than one-half of the floor, roof or wall surfaces.
SECTION 14. Santa Monica Municipal Code Section 8.108.040 is hereby
adopted to read as follows:
8.108.040 Additional mandatory features.
All buildings subject to the provisions of the Chapter shall
comply with the following standards:
(a) Solar Water Heating. Solar collectors shall be the primary
source to heat swimming pool water and to preheat industrial process
water, including but not limited to, car washes and laundries.
(b) Pipe Insulation. All hot water distribution and recirculating
system piping shall be thermally insulated from the heater to the end-use
fixtures. Pipe insulation shall have R-value equal to R-4 for piping two
inches or less in diameter and R-6 for larger piping. The R-value specified
shall not be exceeded.
(c) Heat Traps. Heat traps shall be provided on the inlets and
outlets of non-circulating hot water heaters and tanks to reduce the
buoyancy-induced flow of hot water through the piping. Bent piping for
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heat traps shall have a minimum external diameter of twelve inches.
SECTION 15. The Council finds that the adoption of this ordinance is
exempt from the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act pursuant
to CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3).
SECTION 16. Any provision of the Santa Monica Municipal Code or appendices
thereto, inconsistent with the provisions of this Ordinance, to the extent of such
inconsistencies and no further, are hereby repealed or modified to that extent necessaryto
effect the provisions of this Ordinance.
SECTION 17. If any Section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase of this
Ordinance is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a decision of any court
of any competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining
portions of this Ordinance. The City Council hereby declares that it would have passed this
Ordinance, and each and every Section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase not
declared invalid or unconstitutional without regard to whether any portion of the Ordinance
would be subsequently declared invalid or unconstitutional.
SECTION 18. The Mayor shall sign and the City Clerk shall attest to the passage of
this Ordinance. The City Clerk shall cause this ordinance, or a summary thereof to be
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published once in the official newspaperwithin 15 days after its adoption. This Ordinance
shall become effective on January 1, 2008.
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
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Approved and adopted this 27th day of November, 2007.
-~ `v
R ci hard Bloom, Mayor
State. of California )
County of Los Angeles) ss.
City of Santa Monica )
I, Maria M. Stewart, City Clerk of the City of Santa Monica, do hereby certify that the
foregoing Ordinance No. 2244 (CCS) had its introduction on November 13, 2007, and
was adopted at the Santa Monica City Council meeting held on 27th day of November,
2007, by the following vote:
Ayes: Council members: Genser, Holbrook, McKeown, O'Connor, Shriver
Mayor Bloom, Mayor Pro Tem Katz
Noes: Council members: None
Abstain: Council members: None
Absent: Council members: None
A summary of Ordinance No. 2244 (CCS) was duly published pursuant to California
Government Code Section 40806.
ATTEST:
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Maria M. Stew rt, City Clerk