M-4/10/1979
CITY OF SAKTA MO~ICA
CITY COU~CIL PROCEEDINGS
April 10, 1979
A regular meeting of the Santa Monica CIty Council was called to order
at 7:45 P. M. by Mayor Swink who led the assemblage in the pledge of
allegiance to the United States of America. Mayor SWInk then Intro-
duced Reverend John Shaw, ChaplaIn of Santa MonIca HOspItal, who offered
the Invocation.
Roll Call:
Mayor Donna O'Brien SWInk
-"layor Pro Tempore Seymour A. Cohen
Councllmember John J. BambrIck
CouncIlmember ChrIstine Reed
Councllmember Perry Scott
Councilmember Nathaniel TrIves
Councilmerober Pieter van den Steenhoven
Present:
Absent:
City Manager Charles K. McClain
CIty Attorney RIchard Knickerbocker
ASSIstant City Clerk Ann Shore
CIty Clerk Joyce SnIder
There being no obJectIon, ex-agenda Item ll-D was added to the agenda by
order of .\!ayor S\Hnk.
Consent Calendar:
The Consent Calendar was presented by the ASSIstant City Clerk after
which Councllmember Trives moved to approve the Consent Calendar WIth
the exception of Agenda Items 6-L and 6-M, adoptIng the resolutIons and
ordInances thereIn, reading by title only and waIVIng further readIng
thereof. Second by Councilmember van den Steenhoven.
CounCIl Vote: Unanimously approved 7-0
Agenda Item 6A: A request for reImbursement of departmental revolVIng
cash funds: City Attorney - SS9.80; AdmInistrative SerVIces - $181.50;
RecreatIon & Parks - $181.82, was approved.
Agenda Item 6B-1: ResolutIon ~o. 5254 (CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTIO.\i OF
THE CITY COU~CIL OF THE CITY OF SA~TA ~IOXICA ACCEPTING AND APPROVIKG
SUBDIVISIOX MAP OF PARCEL )10. 10909", for a four-unit new condomInIum
project at 2620 Arizona Avenue, by A. Dayan of TomkIn Homes, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6B- 2 Resol utIon ~o. 5255 (CC5) ent i tled: itA RESOLUTIOK OF
THE CITY COU~CIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA ACCEPTING AND APPROVI~G
SUBDIVISIO~ yl~P OF PARCEL ~O. 10910", for a four-unIt new condomInium
project at 2718 Arizona Avenue, by A. Dayan of TomkIn Homes, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6B-3: ResolutIon No. 5256(CC5) entitled: "A RESOLUTION OF
THE CITY COU~CIL OF THE CITY OF SA~TA MO~ICA ACCEPTING A~D APPROVI~G
I SUBDIVISIO~ \IAP OF PARCEL NO. 11576", for a four-unIt condomInIum con-
,version at 1304 Berkeley Street, by Stanley and CecilIa Shu, was adopted.
;
! Agenda Item 6B-4: ResolutIon No. 5257(CC5) entitled: "A RESOLUTIO~ OF
THE CITY COU~CIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA ACCEPTING AKD APPROVING
SUBDIVISIOK ~~p OF TRACT NO. 34591", for a SIx-unIt condominIum conver-
sion at 1021 - 19th Street, by Anthony and Olga Remeikis, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6B-5: Resolution No. 5258(CC5) entItled: "A RESOLUTION OF
THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA ACCEPTIXG AND APPROVI~G
SUBDIVISIO~ MAP OF TRACT ~O. 35215", for a seven-unIt condominium con-
o version at 920 - 18th Street, by WIllIam and Dolores Detrixhe, was
; adopted.
I
!
43
i Request for I
i ment of the
Cash Funds.
! ResolutIon 5,
Apprmring P<l,
Ko. 10909
ResolutIon 5
Approvmg Fa
1\0. 10910
ReSOlutIon 5
.Approvmg Pa
~o. 11576
ResolutIon S
.Approving- Fi
;\'lap No. 3459
I
! Resolution 5
_I\pproving Fi
}lap No. 3521
44
5259
utal Tract
221
5260
inal Tract
22
5261
~nal Tract
24
5262
inal Tract
81
5263
inal Tract
37
5264
iilar Tract
70
5265
inal Tract
71
5266
"a1 Tract
880
5267
~nal Tract
54
5268
ina1 Tract
55
5269
inal Tract
58
5270
inal Tract
90
Agenda Item 6B-6: ResolutlOn ~o. 5259(CCS) ent~tled: "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MO~ICA ACCEPTING AND APPROVING
SUBDIVISION n~p OF TR~CT NO. 35221", for an 18 - unit condomin~um
convers~on at 1142-48 9th Street, by W~lliam & Dolores Detrlxhe and
R. Gordon & Renee Laughl~n, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6B-7: ResolutIon :\0. 5260(CCS) entItled: "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MOKICA ACCEPTIKG AND APPROVING
SUBDIVISIOK ~4P OF TR~CT NO. 35222", for a l4-unlt condominium con-
verSIon at 1131 CalIfornIa Avenue, by WillIam & Dolores Detrlxhe and
R. Gordon & Renee LaughlIn, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6B- 8' Resolution No. 5261 (CCS) enti tIed: "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAKTA MONICA ACCEPTING AKD APPROVING
SUBDIVISION ~ffiP OF TR~CT ~O. 35224", for a l4-unit condomInium con-
version at 1800 Montana Avenue, by R. Gordon & Renee Laughlm, ,,'as approved.
Agenda Item 6B- 9: ResolutlOn No. 5262 (CCS) enti tIed: "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COUKCIL OF THE CITY OF SAKTA MONICA ACCEPTING AKD APPROVING
SUBDIVISION j\L~P OF TRACT NO. 35281", for a 34-unlt COndOJlJlnium con-
version at 901 - 10th Street, by V. & S. Development Company, was
adopted.
Agenda Item 6B-lO: Resolut~on ~o. 5263(CC5) entItled: "A RESOLUTIO:l
OF THE CITY COUKCIL OF THE CITY OF SAKTA MONICA ACCEPTING AND APPROVING
SUBDIVISION MAP OF TR~CT NO. 35537", for an eIght-unit condomInIum con-
verSIon at 814 - 6th Street, by Stanley Shu, et al., was adopted.
Agenda Item 6B-ll: Resolut~on No. 5264 (CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAXTA MO~ICA ACCEPTING AND APPROVING
SUBDIVISIOK MAP OF TRACT KO. 35870", for a nIne-unIt condoNinium con-
verSIon at 942 - 7th Street, by A. Ho Chen, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6B-12: Resolution No. 5265(CC8) entitled: "A RESOLUTIO:.l
OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SA~TA MO:.lICA ACCEPTING AKD APPROVING
SUBDIVISION MAP OF TR~CT NO. 35871", for a seven-unIt condominium con-
version at 1524 Berkeley Street, by Stanley & CecilIa Shu and Lie ~un
Tsu, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6B-13: ResolutIon 1\0. 5266(CC5) entltled: "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MO~ICA ACCEPTING A~D APPROVING
SUBDIVISION MAP OF TRACT NO. 35880", for a ten-unit apartment bUIlding
with eight units converted to condomlnlums and two units made available
for low-cost senIor CItizen rentals at 1002 14th Street, by Sidney
Kramer, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6B-14: Resolution No. 5267 (CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTIOX
OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SA~TA j\IONICA ACCEPTING AND APPROVING
SUBDIVISION ~L~P OF TRACT NO. 36054", for ten-unit condollilnium conversion
at 1317 - 12th Street, by Stanley and Cecilia Shu et aI, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6B-15: Resolut~on Ko. 5268(CCS) ent~tled' "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA ACCEPTING AND APPROVING
SUBDIVISIO:.l ~~P OF TR~CT XO. 36055", for a 23-un~t condominIum con-
verSIon at 1252 - 11th Street, by Stanley Shu et aI, was adopted.
Agenda IteJ1l 6B-I6: Resolution :.10. 5269(CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COU~CIL OF THE CITY OF SA:.ITA MONICA ACCEPTING AND APPROVING
SUBDIVISION MAP OF TR~CT NO. 36258", for a six-unIt condominium at
922 - 16th Street, by Alyce Stephan and Thorn & VIctoria Bancroft, was
adopted.
Agenda Item 6B-1?: Resolution No. 52?O(CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA ACCEPTING A~D APPROVING
SUBDIVISION ~L~P OF TRACT NO. 36290", for a six-unIt condominium con-
version at 1138 - 16th Street, by Gabriel and Mary Raphael, was adupted.
Agenda Item 6-B18. ResolutIon No. 527l(CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTIO!\"
OF THE CITY COU~CIL OF THE CITY OF SA~TA ~10NICA ACCEPTING A~D APPROVING
SUBDIVISIO~ ~ffiP OF TRACT NO. 36404", for a seven-unit condominium con-
version at 1532 Berkeley Street, by Stanley Shu et aI, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6-B19 ResolutIon No. 5272(CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COU~CIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA ACCEPTING AKD APPROVING
SUBDIVISIOK ~ffiP OF TR~CT KO. 36405", for a seven-unIt condomInIum
conversion at 1528 Berkeley Street, by Stanley Shu et aI, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6-B20: Resolution Ko. 5273(CCS) entItled: "A RESOLUTION
OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SA~TA MONICA ACCEPTING AND APPROVING
SUBDIVISION ~~P OF TR~CT NO. 36434", for a sIx-unit condominium con-
version at 852-l5th Street, by John and ~ary ~Iasson, was adopted.
Agenda Item 6-C: ResolutIon No. 5274(CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTION OF
THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA RATIFYING THE COMPROMISE
OF CLUBS FOR THE CITY'S PUBLIC LIABILITY CHECKS ISSUED MARCH 1, 1979 -
~V\RCH 15, 1979", 1\'as adopted.
Agenda Item 6-D: ResolutIon No. 5275(CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTION OF
THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA BONICA I~ LOS ANGELES COUNTY TO
RECOGNIZE THE LOS ANGELES REGIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE PLANNING BOARD AS
THE COU!\"TY REGIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE PLANNING A~D COORDINATING BODY
FOR CRDII:\AL JUSTICE", \,-as adopted and the expenditure of 51,152.00 as
the CIty'S share of fundIng of the Board's planning actIvitIes was
approved as recommended.
Agenda Item 6-E: ResolutIon No. 5276(CCS) entItled: "A RESOLUTION OF
THE CITY couxcn OF THE CITY OF SANTA ~IONIC!\, COUNTY OF LOS A!\GELES,
STATE OF CALIFORKIA, REQUESTI~G APPROVAL OR A DELETION FROM THE 1980
FUKCTIONAL USAGE STUDY", deletIng certain streets from the Study, 1\'as
adopted.
Agenda Item 6-F' Resolution No. 5277(CCS) entItled. "A RESOLUTION OF
THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA DECLARING ITS INTENTION
TO PLANT TREES ALONG SANTA MONICA BOULEVARD BETWEEK ELEVE~TH STREET
AXD FOURTEENTH STREET WITHIN THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA" and setting a
publIC hearing on May 22, 1979, (T-79-2), ,-!as adopted.
Agenda Item 6-G: ResolutIon No. 5278(CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTIO~ OF
THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SA~TA MONICA AUTHORIZI:\G RE.\EWAL OF
THE LICE'\SE ..\GREDIENT FOR USE OF THE PICO-RH!PAU BUS TEm.n!\AL", \\'as
adopted.
Agenda Item 6-H: Resolution No. 5279(CC5) entitled: "A RESOLUTION OF
THE CITY COUxCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MOKICA AUTHORIZIKG PARTICIPATION
IN THE FEDERAL SURPLUS PROPERTY DONATION PROGR.~1 THROUGH THE STATE OF
CALIFORt\IA AGENCY FOR SURPLUS PROPERTY", "as adopted.
Agenda Item 6-I: Resolution No. 5280(CCS) entitled: "A RE50LUTIO~ OF
THE CITY couxcn OF THE CITY OF SANTA j\IONICA WAIVING FOR~lA.L BID PRO-
CEDURE AXD AUTHORIZING DIRECT XEGOTIATION FOR COMMUNICATIONS CE~TER
EQUIP!>cIENT", and a\\'ard of Contract No. 3202(CCS) (P. O. No. 40016), was adopted.
Agenda Item 6-J: ResolutIon No. 5281(CCS) entItled: 'rA RESOLUTIOK
OF THE CITY COUKCIL OF THE CITY OF S~~TA MONICA AUTHORIZING AX
APPLICATIO~ FOR FUNDING OF A PROGR.~l ENTITLED 'SOUTH BAY CAREER
CRIMI~AL APPREHE~SIO~ PROGR~f' AND AUTHORIZING THE CITY ~t~~AGER AS
THE OFFICIAL AUTHORIZED TO SIG!\ APPLICATION", was adopted.
Agenda Item 6-K: A recommendatIon for approval of additional expendi-
tures from City Gas Tax Funds of $42,000 for the Fifth Street off
ramp project and of $25,000 for signal modernIzation on Fifth and
Sixth Street from Colorado Avenue to Wilshire Boulevard, was approved.
45
Resolution 5;
Appro-ving FH
ylap No. 3640-
Resolution 5;
l\pproving FlI
~lap No. 3640'
Resolution 5;
APproving' Fi (
~lap 1\0. 364 Y
Resolution 5/
:Ratifying the
mise of clalll
City's pubhl
lity checks.
Resolution 5;
S~porting t1
Angeles Comh
nal Crimmal
, PlaIllung Boa!
Resolution 51
Delehng stE
the 1980 Fun,
Usage Study.
Resolution 5;
setting a pl!l
ring for ylay
to plant tre,:
Sa.'-1.ta ;vbnica
i
: ResolutIOn 5/
, Contract 320:
i !renewing a 1 i
agreement fo!
Rimpau Bus T.:
ResolutIOn 5;
AuinorizatIor
ticipate In 1
I S~rplus Prop'
! tIOn.
: ResolutIOn 5;
Contrad' 320;
i Wai Vlng foTl"'
I procedure, al
I for dJ.rect TIC
for COrrnrnm.IC:
eqmprnent.
Resolution 5,
Contlllued ln~
of the South
RegIonal Agel
Recornmendatil
additIOnal e:
tures for FI i
off-ramp pro,
46
'03 . Agenda Item 6-L Presented at this tlIDe was a recommendatlon to pur-
ion to pur-I chase crematorium grounds at WoodlaKn Cemetery. After discussion,
,torium gro,J,d Councl~memb~r van den Steenhoven moved approval of the staff recom-
I Cemetel)'.l" mendatlon; 1. e., authorizlng the purchase of crematorium grounds at
Woodlawn Cemetery at a cost of $11,480 by award of Contact Ko. 3203(CCS)
and directing the City Attorney to prepare and the City Manager to
execute approprlate documents. Second by Councllmember Reed.
5282
102
r uBI bid
r .
lor connnUll-
Iter eqmp-
introduced I
g meter rate!
for adoptlOu
c?ntrol _ i
o lssure Cl-,
tion for
If "All
lternational
,nica ;"1urllci
t
Councll Vote: Unanlmously approved 7-0
Agenda Item 6-M: Presented at this time Kas a recommendation for an
addendum to extend the lease for the Beachcomber Gift Shop on Santa
Monica Pier. After discussion, CouncilIDe~ber Trives moved that the
proposed addendum extending the lease for the Beachcomber Gift Shop on
Santa Monica Pler be referred to staff for clariflcation and a report
to City Councll. Second by Councllmember Bambrick. The motion was
approved by the followlng vote:
Council Vote: Affirmative: Council~e])1bers Bambrlck, Reed, Scott,
Trlves, van den Steenhoven, and
?-Iayor S"ink
~egatlve:
~ayor Pro Tempore Cohen
Agenda Item 6-:.1: Resolution ~o. 5282(CCS) entitled: "A RESOLUTIO~ OF
THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA ~ONICA AUTHORIZING THE CITY
~L~NAGER TO PURCHASE AUTOMOBILES, TRUCKS AND UTILITY BODIES", for use
by the Transportation and Water Departments, was adopted.
Agenda Item 8-A: Presented at this time was an ordinance for intro-
duction providing for parklng meter rate lTICreaSes in certain parklng
districts. The public hearlng was opened at 8:06 P. M. by order of
~Iayor Swink. There being no one wlshing to speak for or agalnst the
ordlnance, the hearing was closed at 8:07 P. M. by order of Hayor SWlnk.
Councilmember Trn-es moved to lntroduce an ordinance entitled: "AN
ORDINAXCE OF THE CITY COU:JCIL OF THE CITY OF SA~TA M01'\ICA Al-IENDI:JG
SECTION 3392(F) OF THE SA~TA MONICA MU~ICIPAL CODE RELATI~G TO PARKING
METER ~\TES ~\D PROVIDING THAT PARKI~G METER ~~TES FOR PARKING ~ETER
ZO~ES D AND E ~~Y BE SET BY RESOLUTION", readlng by title only and
waiving further reading thereof. Second by Mayor Pro Tempore Cohen
Councll Vote: Unanlmously approved 7-0
Agenda Item 8-B: Presented at this time was an ordlnance for adoption
providillgauthority for animal control officers to lssue cltations.
Councilmember Bambrick moved to re-introduce an ordlnance entitled:
"AN ORDIl\ANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA HOl\ICA ADDI:~G
SECTION 4139 TO THE SANTA MONICA ~illNICIPAL CODE AUTHORIZI~G ANI~i~L
CO~TROL OFFICERS TO ISSUE CITATIO~S TO VIOLATORS OF ANI~L~L CONTROL
LAWS", amended ln Sectlon 1 by addltlon of the sentence "Arrest as
used herein means the power of an animal control offlcer to issue a
citation to a vlolator of an animal control law pursuant to Sectlons
853.5 and 853.6 of the Penal Code", reading by tltle only and walving
further readlng thereof. Second by HayoT Pro Tempore Cohen.
CounCIl Vote: Unanimously approved 7-0
Agenda Item 10-A: Presented at thlS tlme was a recommendatlon of the
Alrport CommiSSlon for approval of the "All Women's International Alr
Race" at Santa ,V[onlca Municipal Alrport on August 21, 1979. ;\Iavor Pro
Tempore Cohen moved to grant a request of the public speak. Second by
Councllmember Reed.
Councll Vote: Unanlmously approved 7-0
Bernadine Stevenson, representing the "All Women's International Air
Race", requested approval of the proposed use. After discussion,
~ayor Pro Tempore Cohen moved to authorize use ?f Sant~ Monica AIrport
on August 21, 1979 by the "All Women's International Air Race", the
sponsor to Indemnify the City in an amount satisfactory to the City
Attorney. Second by Councllmember Bambrick.
Council Vote: Unanimously approved 7-0
Agenda Item II-A: Presented at this time was a recommendation for
authorIzation of staff to deSign street widening Improvements on Ocean
! Park Boulevard between Lincoln Boulevard and Tenth Court. Staff
reported that a written letter of protest had been received from
L. Hu~phrey. Councllmember van den Steenhoven moved the staff recom-
mendation; i. e., authorizing staff to design street INprovements for
Ocean Park Boulevard from 10th Court to Lincoln Boulevard and to adver-
tIse for bids to Implement same. Second by Councllmember Trlves. The
motion was approved by the following vote:
CounCil Vote: Affirmative' Councilmember Bambrick, Cohen, Scott,
Trlves, van den Steenhoven, and
~Iayor Swink
Xegative:
Councllmember Reed
47
Reconmenda tic
WIdening s tI"
provements.
Agenda Item Il-B: Presented at this tIme were recommendations regarding ilintract 320
Memoranda of Understandings for Management Team Association (MTA), Contract 320
:-Iuniclpal Employees AssociatIon (MEA) and SuperVisors Team Association Contract 320
(5TA). After dISCUSSIon, Councllmember Reed moved to ratify a RecoJlllrendati,
Memorandum of Understanding with the Management Team Association (MTA) ~Emorandum 0
by award of Contract ~o. 3205(CCS) for a three year period beginning stanmng f?r
January I, 1979; to ratIfy a :.Iemorandum of Understanding \vlth the i Te~ Assoc~a
~Iuniclpal Employees AssoclatlOn (f\IEA) by a\1.'ard of Contract No. 3206 (CC5) fori ;vlLnnc~pa~ u'
a two-vear period beainnina Januarv 1 1979' and to approve an interIm ,AsSOCIatIon
" 0> 0 ,,' , I I T
agreement for salary adjustment for Mechanical SuperVIsors employed in VISO~ earn
the Transportation Department by award of Contract ~o. 3207(CCS). '
Second by Councilmember Trlves. FollOWing diSCUSSIon, the motion was
approved by the following vote:
Council Vote: AffirmatIve
CouncllNembers Bambrick, Cohen, Reed
Trives, van den Steenhoven, and Mayor
S\Hnk
Negative:
Councilmember Scott
Agenda Item ll-C: A recommendation regarding a contract for award for
renovation of the Douglas Park Bowling Green was WIthdrawn by staff.
Agenda Item ll-D: Presented at this time was a proposed appeal from the
approval of a new six-unit condominIum project located at l03l-l8th
Street. After diSCUSSIon, Councl1member van den Steenhoven moved to set
a public hearing for April 24, 1979 to hear the appeal from the approval
of a new SIx-unIt condominIum proJect located at l031-18th Street.
Second by Councllmember TrIves.
Council Vote: Unanimously approved 7-0
Agenda Item l2-A: Presented at thIS tIme was the request of Jeremv B.
I FerrIS, a City employee, to address the Council regarding installation
and operatIon of a ferriS wheel at the Santa Monica PIer. After dlS~
cussion, Councilme~ber Scott moved to deny the request of Jeremy B.
FerriS to install and operate a ferris wheel at Santa Monica Pier, con-
sideratlcn not to be ~iven to such a proposal for a period of two years;
that staff be requested to report to the City CounCil regarding similar
:uture requests, the length of time denied and the area of responsi-
bility; and that the CIty Attorney be directed to prepare a resolution
establIshing Council POlICY regarding department heads entering into
contracts With the City within their department actIvities. Second
by Mayor Pro Tempore Cohen.
l\ppeal from
val of nei,' C
to be bmlt
18th Street.
48
Council Vote: Unanimously approved 7-0
The City CouncIl adJourned at 8:58 P. M. on motion of CouncilmeMber
Reed, second by Councilmember Scott, the adjournment to be in memory
OTthe follmnng Individuals: on behalf of Mayor Swink in memory of
Thomas A. Hicks, long-time resIdent of Santa MonIca and father of
Santa Monica Municipal Court Judge Rex Minter, and in memory of Betty P.
DIxon, a Santa MonIca business woman, resIdent of the communIty and
close family frIend of Mayor Swink.
Council Vote: Unanimously approved 7-0.
ATTEST: APPROVED:
'~ '--',,1
I ~~l,'~
fJ/ vce,.'/snider
/, City Clerk
I
I
I
j~U.
Donna O'BrIen Swink I
Mayor I