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O1642 , . . CA:RMM:\laurie\urbrun.2\wp51 city Council Meeting 9-8-92 Santa Monica, California ORDINANCE NUMBER l642(CCS) (City council series) AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA ADDING CHAPTER 2B TO ARTICLE VII OF THE SANTA MONICA MUNICIPAL CODE TO REGULATE URBAN RUNOFF POLLUTION THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANTA MONICA DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 1. Chapter 2B is added to Article VII of the Santa Monica Municipal Code to read as follows: Chapter 2B - URBAN RUNOFF POLLUTION SECTION 7280. Findings. The City Council finds and declares: (a) The City of Santa Monica's storm and surface water drainage system is planned, designed and operated to handle storm water runoff flows from public and private properties. In order to function effectively, this system requires all private connections to it to be properly constructed, maintained and operated. (b) Storm water runoff flows from individual properties onto the streets, then 1 . . through storm drains to the beaches. It is therefore in the pUblic interest to ensure that both public and private drainage systems are properly maintained, in order to facilitate the proper functioning of the city's storm and surface water drainage system, and to prevent pollutants from entering Santa Monica Bay. (c) The City of santa Monica is a co- permi ttee under the Los Angeles County National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Municipal Permit and as such is obligated to implement Best Management Practice ("BMP") procedures to prevent and control the entry of pollutants and non-storm water runoff into the City storm drain system. Cd) The most significant pollutants in urban runoff come from particulates and oil and grease. (e) In order to better control the quantity and quality of urban runoff pollution, an active program requiring existing properties to adopt "good housekeeping" practices is essential. (f) In order to reduce runoff contamination and runoff volume from private 2 . . and publicly owned properties which will be newly developed, substantially rehabilitated or redeveloped in the future, a program ensuring that new developments incorporate design elements which facilitate such control is required. (g) It is in the best interest of the ci ty to establish guidelines and procedures for control of the quality of storm drainage runoff from construction sites within the City. SECTION 7281. Purpose. The purpose of this Chapter is to permanently modify the structural causes of urban runoff pollution. The obj ecti ves of this Chapter include the reduction of both runoff volume and runoff contamination from existing residential and non-residential properties and from future developments. This Chapter has two main goals. First, it aims to ensure that project sites maximize on-site percolation of runoff and} or have the capacity to conveyor store peak runoff from a storm and release it at a slow rate so as to minimize the peak discharge into storm drains. Second, this Chapter aims 3 . . to ensure that rain water is directed or contained so as not to become polluted by passage through contaminating material. SECTION 7282. Def ini tions. The following words and phrases shall have the following meanings when used in this Chapter: (a) Area susceptible to Runoff. Any non-permeable surface directly exposed to precipitation or in the path of runoff caused by precipitation which leads directly to neighboring properties or to the street. (b) Best Management Practices ("BMpl). Practices principally applicable to construction sites, parking lots and new developments which reduce the toxicity contained in, and the volume of, water which runs into storm drains, treatment facilities and the Santa Monica Bay. (c) Good Housekeepinq Requirements ("GHR") . Stormwater pollution control practices applicable to existing properties which have been demonstrated to significantly reduce and control stormwater urban runoff pollution which runs into storm drains, treatment facilities and the Santa Monica Bay. 4 . . (d) New Development. For purposes of this Chapter, new development shall be defined as an increase of fifty percent (50%) or greater in the size of a single family home, addition of one or more dwelling units in a multi-familY structure, or improvements to a non-residential property which are valued at fifty percent (50%) or more of the value of the existing improvements on the site. (e) Projected Runoff. A numerical projection based on the fallowing formula: precipitation multiplied by parcel size multiplied by Imperviousness Factor precipitation shall be presumed in all cases to be one inch of rainfall falling within a 24 hour period. Parcel size shall be the total square footage of the lot being developed. An imperviousness factor represents the amount of average stormwater drainage from the average of all parcels zoned for a particular land use. This numerical projection shall be used as a starting point in measuring compliance with the 20% urban runoff reduction required by this Chapter. The table below contains imperviousness factors for different land use types. This 5 . . table is derived from a more extensive list of imperviousness factors utilized by the Los Angeles County Department of Public Works - stormwater Management Division, for benefit assessment districts for flood control. IMPER- vrCXJS- NESS LAND USE AREA BREAKDOWN FACTOR RESIDENTIAL Single Up to 0.3257 Acre 0.4176 Area in Excess of 0.3257 Acre 0.0190 condominium, Up to 0.3257 Acre 0.8194 Condominium Area in Excess of 0.3257 Acre 0.0190 Conversion Planned Up to 0.3257 Acre 0.4176 Residential Area in Excess of 0.3257 Acre 0.0190 Development Cooperative Up to 0.3257 Acre 0.8194 Area in Excess of 0.3257 Acre 0.0190 Double, Duplex Up to .6514 Acre 0.4176 Or Two unit Area in Excess of .6514 Acre 0.0190 Three-Unit Up to 0.9771 Acre 0.6815 (Any Combina- Area in Excess of 0.9771 Acre 0.0190 tion) Four-Unit Up to 1.3028 Acre 0.8194 (Any Combina- Area in Excess of 1. 3028 Acre 0.0190 tion) Five or More All Lot Areas 0.8553 units or Apartments Modular Homes Up to 0.3257 Acre 0.4176 Area in Excess of 0.3257 Acre 0.0190 Mobile Homes Up to 0.3257 Acre 0.4176 Area in Excess of 0.3257 Acre 0.0190 6 . . Rooming Houses All Lot Areas 0.6815 Mobile Home All Lot Areas 0.8194 Parks COMMERCI:AL stores All Lot Areas 0.9086 store All Lot Areas 0.9086 Combinations Department All Lot Areas 0.9850 stores Supermarkets All Lot Areas 0.9762 Shopping All Lot Areas 0.9578 Centers (Neighborhood) Shopping All Lot Areas 0.9461 Centers (Regional) Office All Lot Areas 0.9086 Buildings . Hotels and All Lot Areas 0.9578 Motels Professional All Lot Areas 0.9578 Buildings Restaurants All Lot Areas 0.9461 and Cocktail Lounges Wholesale and All Lot Areas 0.9086 MFG Outlets Banks and All Lots Areas 0.9578 Savings & Loans Service Shops All Lot Areas 0.9461 Service All Lot Areas 0.9578 Stations 7 . . Auto, Recrea- All Lot Areas tion & Construction Equipment Sales and Service 0.9461 Parking Lots All Lot Areas 0.9461 Animal Kennels All Lot Areas 0.9578 Nurseries or Greenhouses Up to 0.4136 Acre Area in Excess of 0.4136 Acre 0.4733 0.0190 INDUSTRIAL Light Mfg All Lot Areas 0.9086 Heavy Mfg All Lot Areas 0.9086 Warehousing All Lot Areas Distribution and storage 0.9086 Food Process- All Lot Areas ing Plants 0.9578 Motion Picture All Lot Areas & Radio/TV Industries Lumber Yards All Lot Areas Mineral All Lot Areas Processing parking Lots All Lot Areas Open storage All Lot Areas RECREATION AND ENTERTAINMENT Theaters All Lot Areas Bowling Alleys All Lot Areas Clubs, Lodge All Lot Areas Halls, Frater- nal Organizations Athletic and All Lot Areas Amusement Facilities 8 0.8194 0.9578 0.4733 0.9086 0.6551 0.9086 0.9850 0.9086 0.6551 . . skating Rinks All Lot Areas 0.4733 INSTITUTIONAL Churches All Lot Areas Schools All Lot Areas Colleges and All Lot Areas Universities Hospitals All Lot Areas 0.8194 0.8194 0.4733 0.7435 Homes for Aged All Lot Areas and Others 0.6815 Cemeteries All Lot Areas 0.0000 VACANT All Lot Areas 0.0190 (f) Reduced Runoff. A numerical projection based on the following formula: projected Runoff Multiplied by .80 This projection represents the maximum amount of stormwater drainage expected to occur at a particular site upon implementation of an approved Urban Runoff Mitigation Plan. (g) Urban Runoff or Ur))an Runoff Pollution. Water and suspended or dissolved materials deposited on surfaces and washed by storms or other sources of flowing water, through the flood control system to the ocean. Research studies have shown that urban runoff 9 . . contributes many pollutants to receiving waters. Contamination includes bacteria and viruses, solid waste, and toxics such as heavy metals and petroleum-based compounds. (h) Urban Runoff Mitigation Plan. A plan which shall be required to be approved in connection with any new development. Any such plan shall achieve 20% reduction of the projected runoff for the site. SECTION 7283. Good Housekeeping Requirements for Reduction of Urban Runoff at Existing properties. The following good housekeeping requirements shall be adhered to by all persons within the City of Santa Monica. (a) COllection, storage and Minimization of Runoff. (1) water used for irrigation purposes shall not be allowed to run off of a site. In addition, washing down of paved areas shall be prohibited unless necessary for health or safety purposes and not in violation of any other provision of this code. (2) The uncovered outdoor storage of unsealed containers of building materials 10 . . containing hazardous substances is prohibited in areas susceptible to runoff. (b) Maintenance of Equipment. (1) Objects such as vehicle motor parts containing grease, oil, or other hazardous substances, and unsealed receptacles containing hazardous materials, shall not be stored in areas susceptible to runoff. (2) Any machine which is to be repaired or maintained in an uncovered outdoor area shall be placed on a pad of absorbent material to contain leaks, spills or small discharges. (3) Machinery and equipment, including motor vehicles, which are leaking significant amounts of oil or fluid must be repaired. (c) Removal of Debris and Residue. (1) All parking lots susceptible to runoff used for motor vehicle parking shall be swept, at minimum, on a monthly basis to remove debris. Lots with more than ten (10) parking spaces and all public parking facilities shall be vacuum swept, at minimum, on a quarterly basis, to remove chemical residue. However, lots are not required to be 11 . . vacuum swept for one month following a day when precipitation of one-half inch or more occurs. (2) Fuel and chemical residue or other types of potentially harmful material, such as animal waste, garbage or batteries, which is located in an area susceptible to runoff, shall be removed immediately and disposed of properly. Household hazardous waste may be disposed of at the City's household hazardous waste collection facility or at any other appropriate disposal site and shall not be placed in a trash container. (3) Intentional disposal of landscape debris into a storm drain is prohibited. Section 5403 of the Santa Monica Municipal Code prohibits discharge of other types of pollutants into the storm drain. (d) Prohibition on Use of pesticides and Fungicides Banned from Manufacture. Use of any pesticide, herbicide, or fungicide, the manufacture of which has been either voluntarily discontinued or prohibited by the Environmental Protection Agency, is prohibi ted. Those substances include any contained on the list below: 12 . . Banned Substances Aldrin BHC Biothional Captafol Carbon Tetrachloride Chloranil Chlordane Chlordimeform Copper Arsenate (Basic) Cyhexatin OBCP ODD (TDE) ODT Dieldrin Dinoseb EDBC's Zineb, Wabam Endrin EPN Fluoroacetamide Heptachlor Monocrotophos OMPA Phenarazine Chloride PCB's PCT's Safrole Silvexj 2, 4, 5-T Sodium Monofluoracetate strobane 2, 4, 5-TCP and its salts Thallium Sulfate TOK Toxaphene TBT Lead Arsenate Calcium Arsenate Pentachlorophenal Creosote SECTION 7284. Penalties for Failure to comply with Good Housekeeping Requirements. (a) The Director of the Department of General services, or his or her designee, is authorized to enforce Section 7282 as follows: 13 . . (1) For the first failure to comply with any provision of Section 7282, the Department of General Services shall issue to the affected person a written notice which includes the fOllowing information: (i) A statement specifying the violation committed. (ii) A specified time period within which the affected person must correct the failure or file a written notice disputing the notice of failure to comply. (iii) A statement of the penalty for continued noncompliance. (2) For each subsequent failure to comply with any provision of Section 7282 following written notice pursuant to this Section, the Director of the Department of General Services may levy a penalty of one hundred dollars ($100.00). Any statement informing a violator of a citation shall include a notice setting forth the hearing rights provided in sUbdivision (a)(3) below. (3) Any person assessed a penalty pursuant to subdivision (a)(2) may dispute the penalty by requesting a hearing on a form provided by the City within the time and 14 . . manner set forth in Municipal Code section 6072, provided that no hearing request shall be deemed timely filed and no hearing shall be held unless, within the time period to request a hearing, the person deposits with the city Treasurer money in the amount of any unpaid penalty due under this section. If as a result of the hearing it is determined that the penalty was wrongly assessed, the city shall refund any money deposited to the person. The decision of the Hearing Examiner shall be final except for judicial review and shall not be appealable to the city Council. (4) It shall not be a defense to the assessment of any penalty or to any other civil enforcement action provided for under this Section for a person to assert that any violation of section 7282 was caused by the actions of a person other than the person assessed except if the violation was caused by the criminal or negligent action of a person who was not an agent, servant, employee, or family member of the person. (5) Any penalty collected hereunder shall be deposited in the Urban Runoff Fund to be used as reimbursement for the Department of 15 . . General Services' administration and costs and expenses of enforcement of this Chapter. (b) The violation of this Chapter shall constitute an infraction punishable by a fine of One Hundred Dollars ($100.00). Each day that a violation occurs shall constitute a separate offense. (c) A violation of any provision of this Chapter is declared to be a public nuisance and the City Attorney is authorized to abate such violation(s) by means of a civil action. (d) The penalties and remedies established by this chapter shall be cumulative. SECTION 7285. Urban Runoff Reduction Requirements for New Development. The following urban runoff reduction requirements shall apply to all persons submitting applications for new development wi thin the city of Santa Monica. (a) At the time of submittal of an application for the first planning approval for a new development project, an applicant shall be required to submit an Urban Runoff 16 . . Mitigation Plan to the Department of General Services. (b) In developing an Urban Runoff Mitigation Plan, a developer shall reduce projected runoff for a project by at least 20% through incorporation of design elements or principles which address each of the goals set forth below as subdivision (1), (2), and (3) . The design elements utilized by a developer may, but are not required to, include those provided on the list below, with the exception of subdivision (b) (3}(i) which is required where applicable. Although design elements are set forth as if they address only one goal, in many cases, they address more than one and can be used to address multiple goals in achieving the reduced runoff to be achieved by the mitigation plan. (1) Increase permeable areas. (i) Maximize the percentage of permeable surfaces and green space to allow more percolation of runoff into the ground. The use of porous materials for or near walkways will increase the amount of runoff seepage into the ground. 17 . . (ii) Use natural drainage, detention ponds, or infiltration pits so that runoff may collect and seep into the ground and reduce or prevent off-site flows. (iii) Divert and catch runoff through the use of swales, berms, green strip filters, gravel beds, and french drains. (iv) Construct driveways and from porous materials to allow percolation of runoff into the walkways increased ground. (2) Minimize the amount of runoff directed to impermeable areas and/or maximize storm water storage for reuse. (i) Install rain gutters and orient them towards permeable surfaces rather than driveways or non-permeable surfaces so that runoff will penetrate into the ground instead of flowing off-site. (ii) Modify grades of property to divert flow to permeable areas and to minimize the amount of stormwater leaving the property. (iii) Use sediment traps to intercept runoff from drainage areas and hold 18 . . or slowly release the runoff, with sedi~ents held in the trap for later removal. (iv) Use retention structures or design rooftops to store runoff. Utilize subsurface areas for storm runoff either for reuse or to enable release of runoff at predetermined times or rates to minimize the peak discharge into storm drains. Cisterns are also a possible storage mechanism for reuse. (v) Design curbs, berms, or the like so as to avoid isolation of permeable or landscaped areas. (3) Reduce parking lot pollution. (i) All parking lots are required to have the capability to contain one inch of precipitation in a 24 hour period. options to meet this requirement include use of green strip filters and porous pavement to capture and percolate runoff where possible, and use of oil and water separators or clarifiers to remove petroleum-based contaminants and other pollutants which are likely to accumulate. 19 . . (ii) Direct runoff toward permeable areas and away from pollutant laden areas such as parking lots. (iii) Construct parking lots from porous materials. (c) The city's evaluation of each Urban Runoff Mitigation Plan will ascertain how well the proposed plan meets the combined objectives set forth in subdivision (b) above. Each plan will be evaluated on its own merits according to the particular characteristics of the project and the site to be developed. (d) The Director of the Department of General Services shall approve or disapprove the plan wi thin fourteen calendar days of submittal. If the plan is disapproved, the reasons for disapproval shall be given in writing to the developer. Any plan disapproved by the Director of General Services or his or her designee must be revised by the developer and resubmitted for approval. A resubmitted plan will be approved or disapproved within fourteen calendar days of submittal. No building permit shall be issued until an Urban Runoff Mitigation Plan 20 . . has been approved by the Department of General Services. (e) Full or partial waivers of compliance with this Section may be obtained by persons who apply on forms supplied by the City and show that incorporation of design elements that address the objectives set forth in subdivision (b) above is an economic and physical impossibility due to the particular configuration of the site or to irreconcilable conflicts wi th other City requirements. Requests for waivers shall be granted or denied, in writing, by a three-member board comprised of one representative each from the City's Planning Division, General Services Department, and city Manager's Office. (f) Compliance with an approved Urban Runoff Mitigation Plan shall be a condition of any required planning approval. SECTION 7286. Urban Runoff Requirements for projects Under Construction. The fOllowing Best Management Practices which address the problem of urban runoff shall apply to all projects undergoing construction in the city. The Best Management Practices 21 . . list set forth below is required by the City. The requirements set forth below shall apply at the time of demolition of an existing structure or commencement of construction and until receipt of a certificate of occupancy: (a) Runoff, sediment, and construction waste from construction sites and parking areas shall not leave the site. (b) Any sediments or other materials which are tracked off the site shall be removed the same day as they are tracked off the site. Where determined necessary by the Building Official or his or her designated representative, a temporary sediment barrier shall be installed. (c) On an emergency basis only, plastic covering may be utilized to prevent erosion of an otherwise unprotected area, along with runoff devices to intercept and safely convey the runoff. (d) Excavated soil shall be located on the site in a manner that eliminates the possibility of sediments running into the street or adjoining properties. soil piles shall be covered until the soil is either used or removed. 22 . . (e) No washing of construction or other industrial vehicles shall be allowed adjacent to a construction site. No runoff from washing vehicles on a construction site is allowed to leave the site. (f) Drainage controls shall be utilized as needed, depending on the extent of proposed grading and topographY of the site, including but not limited to the following: (1) Detention ponds, sediment ponds, or infiltration pits. (2) Dikes, filter berms or ditches. (3) Downdrains, chutes or flumes. SECTION 7287. citywide Urban Runoff Pollution Education proqram. The Department of General Services, along with other city Departments, shall conduct an informational program to educate the public about the dangers of urban runoff pollution and the means of controlling such pollution. The program shall educate residents and business persons who operate within the City about the contents of this Chapter prior to its effective date. 23 . . SECTION 7288. Annual Evaluation and Revision of Good Housekeeping Requirements, Best Management Praotices and construction Requirements. In recognition of the newness of regulation in the area of urban runoff pollution, the effectiveness of this Chapter shall be evaluated in writing by the General Services Department not later than one year from the effective date, and no less frequently than once every two years thereafter. The written evaluation should address the necessity for revisions of the process established by this Chapter for achieving urban runoff reduction and the necessity for revisions to good housekeeping requirements, best management practices and construction requirements, if any. SECTION 7289. Effective Date of this Chapter. The provisions of sections 7283, 7284, 7285, and 7286 shall not take effect until sixty (60) days after the effective date of this Chapter. SECTION 2. Any provision of the Santa Monica Municipal Code or appendices thereto inconsistent with the provisions of this 24 . . Ordinance, to the extent of such inconsistencies and no further, are hereby repealed or modified to that extent necessary to affect the provisions of this Ordinance. SECTION 3. If any section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase of this Ordinance is for any reason held to be invalid or unconsti tutional by a decision of any court of any competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Ordinance. The City council hereby declares that it would have passed this Ordinance, and each and every section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase not declared invalid or unconstitutional without regard to whether any portion of the Ordinance would be subsequently declared invalid or unconstitutional. SECTION 4. The Mayor shall sign and the City Clerk shall attest to the passage of this Ordinance. The City Clerk shall cause the same to be published once in the official newspaper within 15 days after its adoption. This Ordinance shall become effective after 30 days from its adoption. APPROVED AS TO FORM: hvLo-vy-,\ Vr- ROBERT M. MYERS City Attorney ~ U 25 . . . "I. Adopted and approved this 8th day of September, 1992. ~ ~ I hereby certify that the foregoing Ordinance No. 1642 (CCS) was duly and regularly introduced at a meeting of the City council on the 11th day of August 19921 that the said Ordinance was thereafter duly adopted at a meeting of the city Council on the 8th day of September 1992 by the following Council vote: Ayes: Councilmembers: Abdo, Genser, Holbrook, Katz, Olsen, Zane Noes: Counci1members: None Abstain: Councilmembers: None Absent: Councilmembers: Vazquez ATTEST: ---- . ~a:(J~_ llii6r. citi Clerk--